diff --git a/.github/workflows/delta-conversion-ci.yml b/.github/workflows/delta-conversion-ci.yml
index e8da8d33bafc..3c4bbbf4a361 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/delta-conversion-ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/delta-conversion-ci.yml
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        jvm: [11, 17, 21]
+        jvm: [17, 21]
     env:
       SPARK_LOCAL_IP: localhost
     steps:
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        jvm: [11, 17, 21]
+        jvm: [17, 21]
     env:
       SPARK_LOCAL_IP: localhost
     steps:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/flink-ci.yml b/.github/workflows/flink-ci.yml
index 365744ef906f..05898400d3e6 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flink-ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flink-ci.yml
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        jvm: [11, 17, 21]
+        jvm: [17, 21]
         flink: ['1.20', '2.0', '2.1']
     env:
       SPARK_LOCAL_IP: localhost
diff --git a/.github/workflows/hive-ci.yml b/.github/workflows/hive-ci.yml
index a01697664cc9..a48695bbf2fa 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/hive-ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/hive-ci.yml
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        jvm: [11, 17, 21]
+        jvm: [17, 21]
     env:
       SPARK_LOCAL_IP: localhost
     steps:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/java-ci.yml b/.github/workflows/java-ci.yml
index 6e25a1745f0c..61d2d32c0e1e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/java-ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/java-ci.yml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        jvm: [11, 17, 21]
+        jvm: [17, 21]
     env:
       SPARK_LOCAL_IP: localhost
     steps:
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        jvm: [11, 17, 21]
+        jvm: [17, 21]
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
     - uses: actions/setup-java@v5
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        jvm: [11, 17, 21]
+        jvm: [17, 21]
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
     - uses: actions/setup-java@v5
diff --git a/.github/workflows/kafka-connect-ci.yml b/.github/workflows/kafka-connect-ci.yml
index 72a55dfd991b..c67e0f23e218 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/kafka-connect-ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/kafka-connect-ci.yml
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        jvm: [11, 17, 21]
+        jvm: [17, 21]
     env:
       SPARK_LOCAL_IP: localhost
     steps:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/spark-ci.yml b/.github/workflows/spark-ci.yml
index 66193515efb7..8c2a7c2f6fdd 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/spark-ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/spark-ci.yml
@@ -71,14 +71,12 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        jvm: [11, 17, 21]
+        jvm: [17, 21]
         spark: ['3.4', '3.5', '4.0']
         scala: ['2.12', '2.13']
         exclude:
           # Spark 3.5 is the first version not failing on Java 21 (https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-42369)
           # Full Java 21 support is coming in Spark 4 (https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-43831)
-          - jvm: 11
-            spark: '4.0'
           - jvm: 21
             spark: '3.4'
           - spark: '4.0'
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 582e108b76ea..ea967e077fb2 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ Community discussions happen primarily on the [dev mailing list][dev-list] or on
 
 ### Building
 
-Iceberg is built using Gradle with Java 11, 17, or 21.
+Iceberg is built using Gradle with Java 17 or 21.
 
 * To invoke a build and run tests: `./gradlew build`
 * To skip tests: `./gradlew build -x test -x integrationTest`
diff --git a/baseline.gradle b/baseline.gradle
index 151fa40a1a28..757db06bdc83 100644
--- a/baseline.gradle
+++ b/baseline.gradle
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ subprojects {
       java {
         target 'src/main/java/**/*.java', 'src/test/java/**/*.java', 'src/testFixtures/java/**/*.java', 'src/jmh/java/**/*.java', 'src/integration/java/**/*.java'
         // 1.23.0 has an issue in formatting comments https://github.com/google/google-java-format/issues/1155
-        // so we stick to 1.22.0 to produce consistent result for JDK 11/17/21
+        // so we stick to 1.22.0 to produce consistent result for JDK 17/21
         googleJavaFormat("1.22.0")
         removeUnusedImports()
         licenseHeaderFile "$rootDir/.baseline/copyright/copyright-header-java.txt"
diff --git a/build.gradle b/build.gradle
index 0f86c629a44b..9961f72fb55f 100644
--- a/build.gradle
+++ b/build.gradle
@@ -51,10 +51,7 @@ try {
   project.logger.error(e.getMessage())
 }
 
-if (JavaVersion.current() == JavaVersion.VERSION_11) {
-  project.ext.jdkVersion = '11'
-  project.ext.extraJvmArgs = []
-} else if (JavaVersion.current() == JavaVersion.VERSION_17 || JavaVersion.current() == JavaVersion.VERSION_21) {
+if (JavaVersion.current() == JavaVersion.VERSION_17 || JavaVersion.current() == JavaVersion.VERSION_21) {
   project.ext.jdkVersion = JavaVersion.current().getMajorVersion().toString()
   project.ext.extraJvmArgs = ["--add-opens", "java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED",
                               "--add-opens", "java.base/java.lang.invoke=ALL-UNNAMED",
@@ -78,7 +75,7 @@ if (JavaVersion.current() == JavaVersion.VERSION_11) {
                               "--add-opens", "java.base/sun.security.action=ALL-UNNAMED",
                               "--add-opens", "java.base/sun.util.calendar=ALL-UNNAMED"]
 } else {
-  throw new GradleException("This build must be run with JDK 11 or 17 or 21 but was executed with JDK " + JavaVersion.current())
+  throw new GradleException("This build must be run with JDK 17 or 21 but was executed with JDK " + JavaVersion.current())
 }
 
 tasks.withType(AbstractArchiveTask).configureEach {
@@ -203,7 +200,7 @@ subprojects {
 
   tasks.withType(JavaCompile.class).configureEach {
     options.encoding = "UTF-8"
-    options.release = 11
+    options.release = 17
   }
 
   javadoc {
@@ -262,9 +259,9 @@ subprojects {
     tasks.withType(ScalaCompile.class) {
       scalaCompileOptions.keepAliveMode.set(KeepAliveMode.DAEMON)
       // `options.release` doesn't seem to work for ScalaCompile :(
-      sourceCompatibility = "11"
-      targetCompatibility = "11"
-      scalaCompileOptions.additionalParameters.add("-release:11")
+      sourceCompatibility = "17"
+      targetCompatibility = "17"
+      scalaCompileOptions.additionalParameters.add("-release:17")
     }
   }
 }
@@ -953,8 +950,6 @@ project(':iceberg-arrow') {
 }
 
 project(':iceberg-nessie') {
-  // Starting from Nessie 0.104.2, JDK 17+ is required for test dependencies
-  test.onlyIf { JavaVersion.current() != JavaVersion.VERSION_11 }
   test {
     useJUnitPlatform()
   }
diff --git a/jmh.gradle b/jmh.gradle
index 57efb3821d8f..20e8608f4897 100644
--- a/jmh.gradle
+++ b/jmh.gradle
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 
-if (jdkVersion != '11' && jdkVersion != '17' && jdkVersion != '21') {
-  throw new GradleException("The JMH benchmarks must be run with JDK 11 or JDK 17 or JDK 21")
+if (jdkVersion != '17' && jdkVersion != '21') {
+  throw new GradleException("The JMH benchmarks must be run with JDK 17 or JDK 21")
 }
 
 def flinkVersions = (System.getProperty("flinkVersions") != null ? System.getProperty("flinkVersions") : System.getProperty("defaultFlinkVersions")).split(",")
diff --git a/site/docs/contribute.md b/site/docs/contribute.md
index d38cc28c366c..d99382761ff0 100644
--- a/site/docs/contribute.md
+++ b/site/docs/contribute.md
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ settle disagreements or to force a decision.
 
 ## Building the Project Locally
 
-Iceberg is built using Gradle with Java 11, 17, or 21.
+Iceberg is built using Gradle with Java 17 or 21.
 
 * To invoke a build and run tests: `./gradlew build`
 * To skip tests: `./gradlew build -x test -x integrationTest`
diff --git a/spark/v4.0/build.gradle b/spark/v4.0/build.gradle
index 8ebed9bd439b..4c151253f8a6 100644
--- a/spark/v4.0/build.gradle
+++ b/spark/v4.0/build.gradle
@@ -20,12 +20,6 @@
 String sparkMajorVersion = '4.0'
 String scalaVersion = '2.13'
 
-JavaVersion javaVersion = JavaVersion.current()
-Boolean javaVersionSupported = javaVersion == JavaVersion.VERSION_17 || javaVersion == JavaVersion.VERSION_21
-if (!javaVersionSupported) {
-  logger.warn("Skip Spark 4.0 build which requires JDK 17 or 21 but was executed with JDK " + javaVersion)
-}
-
 def sparkProjects = [
     project(":iceberg-spark:iceberg-spark-${sparkMajorVersion}_${scalaVersion}"),
     project(":iceberg-spark:iceberg-spark-extensions-${sparkMajorVersion}_${scalaVersion}"),
@@ -33,9 +27,6 @@ def sparkProjects = [
 ]
 
 configure(sparkProjects) {
-  tasks.configureEach {
-    onlyIf { javaVersionSupported }
-  }
   configurations {
     all {
       resolutionStrategy {