diff --git a/superset/connectors/sqla/models.py b/superset/connectors/sqla/models.py
index 09d9a65a049c..52451a296931 100644
--- a/superset/connectors/sqla/models.py
+++ b/superset/connectors/sqla/models.py
@@ -1097,8 +1097,8 @@ def get_sqla_col(
             if template_processor:
                 try:
                     expression = template_processor.process_template(expression)
-                except SupersetSyntaxErrorException as ex:
-                    msg = str(ex)
+                except (TemplateError, SupersetSyntaxErrorException) as ex:
+                    msg = getattr(ex, "message", str(ex))
                     raise QueryObjectValidationError(
                         _(
                             "Error in jinja expression in column expression: %(msg)s",
@@ -1144,8 +1144,8 @@ def get_timestamp_expression(
             if template_processor:
                 try:
                     expression = template_processor.process_template(expression)
-                except SupersetSyntaxErrorException as ex:
-                    msg = str(ex)
+                except (TemplateError, SupersetSyntaxErrorException) as ex:
+                    msg = getattr(ex, "message", str(ex))
                     raise QueryObjectValidationError(
                         _(
                             "Error in jinja expression in datetime column: %(msg)s",
@@ -1239,8 +1239,8 @@ def get_sqla_col(
         if template_processor:
             try:
                 expression = template_processor.process_template(expression)
-            except SupersetSyntaxErrorException as ex:
-                msg = str(ex)
+            except (TemplateError, SupersetSyntaxErrorException) as ex:
+                msg = getattr(ex, "message", str(ex))
                 raise QueryObjectValidationError(
                     _(
                         "Error in jinja expression in metric expression: %(msg)s",
@@ -1769,11 +1769,11 @@ def _render_adhoc_expression_for_metadata_lookup(
             return sql_expression
         try:
             return template_processor.process_template(sql_expression)
-        except SupersetSyntaxErrorException as ex:
+        except (TemplateError, SupersetSyntaxErrorException) as ex:
             raise QueryObjectValidationError(
                 _(
                     "Error in jinja expression in adhoc column: %(msg)s",
-                    msg=str(ex),
+                    msg=getattr(ex, "message", str(ex)),
                 )
             ) from ex
 
diff --git a/tests/unit_tests/connectors/sqla/models_test.py b/tests/unit_tests/connectors/sqla/models_test.py
index 6543c69388cd..9540293c6729 100644
--- a/tests/unit_tests/connectors/sqla/models_test.py
+++ b/tests/unit_tests/connectors/sqla/models_test.py
@@ -33,10 +33,12 @@
 from superset.daos.exceptions import DatasourceNotFound
 from superset.exceptions import (
     OAuth2RedirectError,
+    QueryObjectValidationError,
     SupersetDisallowedSQLFunctionException,
     SupersetDisallowedSQLTableException,
     SupersetSecurityException,
 )
+from superset.jinja_context import get_template_processor
 from superset.models.core import Database
 from superset.sql.parse import Table
 from superset.superset_typing import QueryObjectDict
@@ -1264,3 +1266,32 @@ def test_validate_stored_expression_rejects_subquery_around_jinja(
             None,
             "(SELECT password FROM ab_user LIMIT 1) {# x #}",
         )
+
+
+def test_get_sqla_col_wraps_raw_jinja_undefined_error() -> None:
+    """
+    A raw ``jinja2.exceptions.UndefinedError`` raised while rendering a
+    column's Jinja expression (e.g. an arithmetic operation on an undefined
+    variable) must surface as a ``QueryObjectValidationError``, not
+    propagate as an unhandled 500.
+    """
+    database = Database(id=1, database_name="my_database", sqlalchemy_uri="sqlite://")
+    table = SqlaTable(
+        id=1,
+        table_name="test_table",
+        database=database,
+        schema="my_schema",
+        sql=None,
+        columns=[
+            TableColumn(
+                column_name="my_column",
+                type="VARCHAR",
+                expression="{{ nonexistent_var + 1 }}",
+            )
+        ],
+    )
+    column = table.columns[0]
+    processor = get_template_processor(database=database, table=table)
+
+    with pytest.raises(QueryObjectValidationError):
+        column.get_sqla_col(template_processor=processor)