diff --git a/workflow/controller/operator.go b/workflow/controller/operator.go
index 4d8af7777ccd..8edda5a5f561 100644
--- a/workflow/controller/operator.go
+++ b/workflow/controller/operator.go
@@ -1223,7 +1223,18 @@ func (woc *wfOperationCtx) podReconciliation(ctx context.Context) (error, bool)
 				node.Daemoned = nil
 				woc.updated = true
 			}
-			woc.markNodePhase(node.Name, wfv1.NodeError, "pod deleted")
+			woc.markNodeError(node.Name, errors.New("", "pod deleted"))
+			// Set pod's child(container) error if pod deleted
+			for _, childNodeID := range node.Children {
+				childNode, err := woc.wf.Status.Nodes.Get(childNodeID)
+				if err != nil {
+					woc.log.Errorf("was unable to obtain node for %s", childNodeID)
+					continue
+				}
+				if childNode.Type == wfv1.NodeTypeContainer {
+					woc.markNodeError(childNode.Name, errors.New("", "container deleted"))
+				}
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	return nil, !taskResultIncomplete
diff --git a/workflow/controller/operator_test.go b/workflow/controller/operator_test.go
index c9c7227322fc..3d27e3b7782a 100644
--- a/workflow/controller/operator_test.go
+++ b/workflow/controller/operator_test.go
@@ -10974,3 +10974,92 @@ status:
 	woc.operate(ctx)
 	assert.Equal(t, wfv1.WorkflowSucceeded, woc.wf.Status.Phase)
 }
+
+var wfHasContainerSet = `
+apiVersion: argoproj.io/v1alpha1
+kind: Workflow
+metadata:
+  name: lovely-rhino
+spec:
+  templates:
+    - name: init
+      dag:
+        tasks:
+          - name: A
+            template: run
+            arguments: {}
+    - name: run
+      containerSet:
+        containers:
+          - name: main
+            image: alpine:latest
+            command:
+              - /bin/sh
+            args:
+              - '-c'
+              - sleep 9000
+            resources: {}
+          - name: main2
+            image: alpine:latest
+            command:
+              - /bin/sh
+            args:
+              - '-c'
+              - sleep 9000
+            resources: {}
+  entrypoint: init
+  arguments: {}
+  ttlStrategy:
+    secondsAfterCompletion: 300
+  podGC:
+    strategy: OnPodCompletion`
+
+// TestContainerSetDeleteContainerWhenPodDeleted test whether a workflow has ContainerSet error when pod deleted.
+func TestContainerSetDeleteContainerWhenPodDeleted(t *testing.T) {
+	cancel, controller := newController()
+	defer cancel()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	wfcset := controller.wfclientset.ArgoprojV1alpha1().Workflows("")
+	wf := wfv1.MustUnmarshalWorkflow(wfHasContainerSet)
+	wf, err := wfcset.Create(ctx, wf, metav1.CreateOptions{})
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	wf, err = wfcset.Get(ctx, wf.ObjectMeta.Name, metav1.GetOptions{})
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	woc := newWorkflowOperationCtx(wf, controller)
+	woc.operate(ctx)
+	pods, err := listPods(woc)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(pods.Items))
+
+	// mark pod Running
+	makePodsPhase(ctx, woc, apiv1.PodRunning)
+	woc = newWorkflowOperationCtx(woc.wf, controller)
+	woc.operate(ctx)
+	for _, node := range woc.wf.Status.Nodes {
+		if node.Type == wfv1.NodeTypePod {
+			assert.Equal(t, wfv1.NodeRunning, node.Phase)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// TODO: Refactor to use local-scoped env vars in test to avoid long wait. See https://github.com/argoproj/argo-workflows/pull/12756#discussion_r1530245007
+	// delete pod
+	time.Sleep(10 * time.Second)
+	deletePods(ctx, woc)
+	pods, err = listPods(woc)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, len(pods.Items))
+
+	// reconcile
+	woc = newWorkflowOperationCtx(woc.wf, controller)
+	woc.operate(ctx)
+	assert.Equal(t, wfv1.WorkflowError, woc.wf.Status.Phase)
+	for _, node := range woc.wf.Status.Nodes {
+		assert.Equal(t, wfv1.NodeError, node.Phase)
+		if node.Type == wfv1.NodeTypePod {
+			assert.Equal(t, "pod deleted", node.Message)
+		}
+		if node.Type == wfv1.NodeTypeContainer {
+			assert.Equal(t, "container deleted", node.Message)
+		}
+	}
+}