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107 changes: 90 additions & 17 deletions Qiskit_qubit_measure.ipynb
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Expand Up @@ -24,9 +24,9 @@
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"outputId": "8de00f2d-cbaa-4bc1-ec63-c234e49e5877"
"outputId": "250ad14d-e5f4-47a6-8756-d02f4990f0a6"
},
"execution_count": 2,
"execution_count": 1,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
Expand All @@ -48,13 +48,13 @@
"Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.8.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages (from qiskit-aer) (2.9.0.post0)\n",
"Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5 in /usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages (from python-dateutil>=2.8.0->qiskit-aer) (1.17.0)\n",
"Downloading qiskit-2.2.1-cp39-abi3-manylinux2014_x86_64.manylinux_2_17_x86_64.whl (8.0 MB)\n",
"\u001b[2K \u001b[90m━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━\u001b[0m \u001b[32m8.0/8.0 MB\u001b[0m \u001b[31m60.1 MB/s\u001b[0m eta \u001b[36m0:00:00\u001b[0m\n",
"\u001b[2K \u001b[90m━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━\u001b[0m \u001b[32m8.0/8.0 MB\u001b[0m \u001b[31m53.0 MB/s\u001b[0m eta \u001b[36m0:00:00\u001b[0m\n",
"\u001b[?25hDownloading qiskit_aer-0.17.2-cp312-cp312-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (12.4 MB)\n",
"\u001b[2K \u001b[90m━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━\u001b[0m \u001b[32m12.4/12.4 MB\u001b[0m \u001b[31m117.6 MB/s\u001b[0m eta \u001b[36m0:00:00\u001b[0m\n",
"\u001b[2K \u001b[90m━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━\u001b[0m \u001b[32m12.4/12.4 MB\u001b[0m \u001b[31m75.0 MB/s\u001b[0m eta \u001b[36m0:00:00\u001b[0m\n",
"\u001b[?25hDownloading rustworkx-0.17.1-cp39-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (2.2 MB)\n",
"\u001b[2K \u001b[90m━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━\u001b[0m \u001b[32m2.2/2.2 MB\u001b[0m \u001b[31m80.1 MB/s\u001b[0m eta \u001b[36m0:00:00\u001b[0m\n",
"\u001b[2K \u001b[90m━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━\u001b[0m \u001b[32m2.2/2.2 MB\u001b[0m \u001b[31m47.2 MB/s\u001b[0m eta \u001b[36m0:00:00\u001b[0m\n",
"\u001b[?25hDownloading stevedore-5.5.0-py3-none-any.whl (49 kB)\n",
"\u001b[2K \u001b[90m━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━\u001b[0m \u001b[32m49.5/49.5 kB\u001b[0m \u001b[31m3.7 MB/s\u001b[0m eta \u001b[36m0:00:00\u001b[0m\n",
"\u001b[2K \u001b[90m━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━\u001b[0m \u001b[32m49.5/49.5 kB\u001b[0m \u001b[31m1.5 MB/s\u001b[0m eta \u001b[36m0:00:00\u001b[0m\n",
"\u001b[?25hInstalling collected packages: stevedore, rustworkx, qiskit, qiskit-aer\n",
"Successfully installed qiskit-2.2.1 qiskit-aer-0.17.2 rustworkx-0.17.1 stevedore-5.5.0\n"
]
Expand All @@ -70,48 +70,121 @@
"metadata": {
"id": "gI17i0yhrQgz"
},
"execution_count": 3,
"execution_count": 2,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"execution_count": 3,
"metadata": {
"id": "VPOwLacGrCdU",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"outputId": "619b13d9-5efc-41b6-d910-a2f58df1d7fc"
"outputId": "9ceca515-7c4c-4b36-ccbf-61475a6beb69"
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"|0> counts: {'0 0': 512}\n",
"|1> counts: {'1 0': 512}\n"
"----- Task 1: Verify |0⟩ and |1⟩ -----\n",
"|0⟩ counts (512 shots): {'0 0': 512}\n",
"|1⟩ counts (512 shots): {'1 0': 512}\n",
"→ Expected: Deterministic results because |0⟩ and |1⟩ are basis states.\n",
"\n",
"----- Task 2: Change number of shots -----\n",
"|0⟩ counts (10 shots): {'0 0': 10}\n",
"|0⟩ counts (1000 shots): {'0 0': 1000}\n",
"→ Expected: No major change, deterministic measurement of |0⟩ always gives 0.\n",
"\n",
"----- Task 3: Superposition with Hadamard -----\n",
"Hadamard counts (512 shots): {'0 0': 251, '1 0': 261}\n",
"→ Expected: Probabilistic results (~50% 0 and ~50% 1) due to superposition.\n",
"\n",
"----- Task 4: Combine X and H gates -----\n",
"X + H counts (512 shots): {'0 0': 240, '1 0': 272}\n",
"→ Prediction: Applying H after X puts |1⟩ into (|0⟩ - |1⟩)/√2, so ~50% 0 and ~50% 1 but with a phase difference (not visible in measurement).\n",
"\n",
"----- Task 5 (Challenge): 2-qubit circuit -----\n",
"2-qubit counts (512 shots): {'10 00': 512}\n",
"→ Expected: Always '10' (Q1=1, Q0=0) — deterministic since both qubits are in basis states.\n",
"\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Initialize |0> and |1>, measure\n",
"# Import Qiskit modules\n",
"from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, transpile\n",
"from qiskit_aer import AerSimulator\n",
"\n",
"# Initialize simulator\n",
"sim = AerSimulator()\n",
"\n",
"# |0> state\n",
"print(\"----- Task 1: Verify |0⟩ and |1⟩ -----\")\n",
"\n",
"# |0⟩ state\n",
"qc0 = QuantumCircuit(1, 1)\n",
"qc0.measure_all()\n",
"job0 = sim.run(transpile(qc0, sim), shots=512).result()\n",
"print(\"|0> counts:\", job0.get_counts())\n",
"print(\"|0⟩ counts (512 shots):\", job0.get_counts())\n",
"\n",
"# |1> state (apply X)\n",
"# |1⟩ state (apply X)\n",
"qc1 = QuantumCircuit(1, 1)\n",
"qc1.x(0)\n",
"qc1.measure_all()\n",
"job1 = sim.run(transpile(qc1, sim), shots=512).result()\n",
"print(\"|1> counts:\", job1.get_counts())"
"print(\"|1⟩ counts (512 shots):\", job1.get_counts())\n",
"\n",
"print(\"→ Expected: Deterministic results because |0⟩ and |1⟩ are basis states.\\n\")\n",
"\n",
"print(\"----- Task 2: Change number of shots -----\")\n",
"\n",
"# Run |0⟩ state with 10 shots\n",
"job0_10 = sim.run(transpile(qc0, sim), shots=10).result()\n",
"print(\"|0⟩ counts (10 shots):\", job0_10.get_counts())\n",
"\n",
"# Run |0⟩ state with 1000 shots\n",
"job0_1000 = sim.run(transpile(qc0, sim), shots=1000).result()\n",
"print(\"|0⟩ counts (1000 shots):\", job0_1000.get_counts())\n",
"\n",
"print(\"→ Expected: No major change, deterministic measurement of |0⟩ always gives 0.\\n\")\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"print(\"----- Task 3: Superposition with Hadamard -----\")\n",
"\n",
"qc_h = QuantumCircuit(1, 1)\n",
"qc_h.h(0)\n",
"qc_h.measure_all()\n",
"job_h = sim.run(transpile(qc_h, sim), shots=512).result()\n",
"print(\"Hadamard counts (512 shots):\", job_h.get_counts())\n",
"\n",
"print(\"→ Expected: Probabilistic results (~50% 0 and ~50% 1) due to superposition.\\n\")\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"print(\"----- Task 4: Combine X and H gates -----\")\n",
"\n",
"qc_xh = QuantumCircuit(1, 1)\n",
"qc_xh.x(0)\n",
"qc_xh.h(0)\n",
"qc_xh.measure_all()\n",
"job_xh = sim.run(transpile(qc_xh, sim), shots=512).result()\n",
"print(\"X + H counts (512 shots):\", job_xh.get_counts())\n",
"\n",
"print(\"→ Prediction: Applying H after X puts |1⟩ into (|0⟩ - |1⟩)/√2, \"\n",
" \"so ~50% 0 and ~50% 1 but with a phase difference (not visible in measurement).\\n\")\n",
"\n",
"print(\"----- Task 5 (Challenge): 2-qubit circuit -----\")\n",
"\n",
"qc2 = QuantumCircuit(2, 2)\n",
"# Qubit 0 = |0⟩ (default)\n",
"qc2.x(1) # Qubit 1 = |1⟩\n",
"qc2.measure_all()\n",
"\n",
"job2 = sim.run(transpile(qc2, sim), shots=512).result()\n",
"print(\"2-qubit counts (512 shots):\", job2.get_counts())\n",
"\n",
"print(\"→ Expected: Always '10' (Q1=1, Q0=0) — deterministic since both qubits are in basis states.\\n\")"
]
},
{
Expand All @@ -124,4 +197,4 @@
"outputs": []
}
]
}
}