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<title>Substance Abuse Overview</title>
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<td valign="top" width="493" height="76" bordercolor="#000000"><p align="left"><strong><big><big>ARIZONA
DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS</big></big><br>
1601 West Jefferson Street<br>
Phoenix,&nbsp; Arizona 85007</strong></p>
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<td width="626" colspan="2"><div align="center"><center><pre><em><font face="Times" size="4">Inmate Programs:</font></em><b><font face="Times" SIZE="5">
</font><font color="#FF0000" face="Times" size="6">Substance Abuse Services</font></b>
<font face="Times" size="4">
System Overview</font><font face="Times" size="3">
ADC Fact Sheet 99-10
<a href="#Intake Assessment">Intake Assessment</a>
<a href="#Pre-Treatment">Pre-Treatment</a>
<a href="#Treatment">Treatment
</a><a href="#Self-Help">Self Help/Mutual Support Groups</a>
<a href="#Transitional">Transitional/Aftercare Services</a>
</font></pre>
</center></div><p>In <a name="recognition">recognition</a> of the fact that drugs and
crime are so interconnected and that a high percentage of any correctional population has
a history of substance abuse, the Arizona Department of Corrections continually strives to
improve upon its substance abuse services continuum. This overview identifies the major
system components in the approximate sequence an inmate would encounter them, i. e. intake
and needs assessment, pre-treatment (intervention and drug education), substance/alcohol
abuse treatment, self-help/mutual-help support groups, and transition/aftercare services.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<blockquote>
<div align="left">
<table border="0" width="624">
<tr>
<td width="234"><strong><font color="#FF0000">I.</font> <a name="Intake Assessment">Intake
Assessment</a></strong>&nbsp;</td>
</center>
<td width="376">
<p align="right">&nbsp;Intake Unit</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p align="left">Upon arrival at a Department intake unit (either the Arizona State Prison Complex -
Phoenix Alhambra for males or the Arizona State Prison Complex - Perryville Santa Maria
for females), inmates are interviewed to determine the extent of their drug and alcohol
abusing history. Using a combination of interview information and corroborating file
documentation, intake staff assign an Alcohol/Drug Treatment Needs Score, which - along
with needs scores in other areas - becomes part of the inmate's classification profile.
A/D Scores are assigned on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 representing the most acute need for
intervention and treatment. Each inmate's classification profile is reviewed every 180
days for the duration of the sentence; if programming has been successfully completed
within that time period, consideration is made of reducing the score according to a system
prescribed in the ADC Classification Operating Manual. The A/D Score may also be increased
if an inmate is found guilty of using drugs while in prison.</p>
</blockquote>
<center>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<blockquote>
<div align="left">
<table border="0" width="100%" height="0">
<tr>
<td><strong><font color="#FF0000">II.</font> <a name="Pre-Treatment">Preparation
for Treatment</a></strong></td>
</center>
<td>
<p align="right">
Institution-Based</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p align="left">Preparation for treatment takes two forms, either intervention or
pre-treatment, depending on the inmate's
level of awareness of the acuity of his/her drug and/or alcohol abuse problem.</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="left"><strong><font color="#808000">A.</font> Intervention</strong> is a critical step with a
criminal justice population because most offenders have not made a connection between
their drug-abusing lifestyles and continuing law enforcement contacts. The Department
employs two forms of intervention.<br>
</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<ul>
<blockquote>
<p align="left"><font color="#0000FF">1.</font><strong> </strong>Using a system of <strong>inmate
urinalysis</strong>, the general population is tested at a rate of approximately 10
percent monthly. All inmates in treatment units are tested once monthly. General
population inmates whose urine specimens test positive are strongly urged to participate
in drug education and treatment. Treatment unit inmates producing positive test results
are placed into special intensive intervention groups. In either case, consequences are
swift and certain.</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="left"><font color="#0000FF">2.</font> A six hour class called <strong><em>Substance Abuse
Awareness</em></strong> has been developed and made available to institution staff, in
which a trained para-professional instructor guides a group of inmates in frank discussion
about what they liked and didn't like about drugs and gradually leads them to conclusions
about the extent of the impact drugs and alcohol have had on their lives. Alternatives and
resources within the Department are offered.</p>
</blockquote>
</ul>
</ul>
<center>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
</center>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="left"><strong><font color="#808000">B.</font>&nbsp;</strong> <strong>Pre-Treatment
</strong>provides accurate
information to replace much of the misinformation inmates commonly possess about alcohol
and drug abuse. The Department uses two curricula to assist inmates in readying themselves
for more formal treatment.</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="left"><font color="#0000FF">1.</font><em> Hazelden <u>Design for Living</u></em></p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<ul>
<blockquote>
<p align="left">This 20-module curriculum was written by Hazelden for a correctional population based
upon the Twelve Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous. It is available statewide in a group-study
and a self-study format. Para-professional staff, including many Correctional Officer
IIIs, are specially trained to deliver this curriculum.</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="left"><font color="#0000FF">2.</font><em> Thinking Straight</em></p>
</blockquote>
</ul>
</ul>
<ul>
<ul>
<blockquote>
<p align="left">This 20-module curriculum was written by three Department staff based on
cognitive-behavioral principles, e.g. Rational Emotive Therapy. Following a four month
successful pilot, it was recently approved for expansion Department-wide. Upon full
implementation, it will be available statewide in group-study format. Future plans call
for developing a self-study format. <em>Thinking Straight</em>, which can be taught by
specially trained para-professional staff, was adopted for inmates who have difficulty
with the spiritual nature of the Twelve Steps; it teaches techniques for learning to
recognize and manage the inner voice as it engages in destructive self-talk, coping with
urges, and other practical methodology.</p>
</blockquote>
</ul>
</ul>
<center>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<blockquote>
<div align="left">
<table border="0" width="100%">
<tr>
<td><strong><font color="#FF0000">III.</font> <a name="Treatment">Treatment</a></strong>
</td>
</center>
<td>
<p align="right">
Institution-Based</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<center>
<p>
</center>Within the Department, substance abuse treatment has historically been delivered by
contracted providers, which has the disadvantage of limiting access to services by all
inmates. Since 1994 the number of Department treatment beds has increased dramatically,
however, and a small contingent of full time substance abuse professional staff have been
hired.</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="left"><font color="#008000">A. </font>ADC Correctional Addictions Officers</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="left">The Department is currently allocated three FTE positions designated as full time
substance abuse counselors (at the Perryville, Lewis, and Phoenix prison complexes). In
July 1997, it established one Limited position at each of the remaining complexes
(Florence, Eyman, Winslow, Tucson, Yuma, Douglas, and Safford). These Correctional
Addictions Officers coordinate all substance abuse pre-treatment, treatment, and support
activities that occur within the complex and conduct group treatment activity on each yard
to the extent possible, given the overwhelming size of the caseloads. As there is a
growing need for this type of service, the Department will be seeking ways to expand its
capability</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="left"><font color="#808000">B.</font><font color="#0000FF"> </font>Contracted Substance Abuse
Treatment Programs</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="left">The Department contracts with various treatment providers (selected through competitive
bidding) for drug and alcohol treatment services. All providers deliver programs that are
either licensed by the Arizona Department of Health Services - or would be licensed if
they were not operated within secure prisons. Staff employed by these providers are all
professionally Certified Substance Abuse Counselors.</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="left">To ensure maximization of the limited number of treatment beds available, each
treatment unit has prescribed program entry criteria. For example, current research
suggests that the most effective time to provide treatment is at the end of an inmate's
sentence, immediately prior to release. Entry criteria, therefore, require that an inmate
be within a designated length of time until earliest release before he or she can be
considered for placement into a treatment unit. Until more resources become available, not
every inmate serving a sentence within the Arizona Department of Corrections can expect to
receive drug and alcohol treatment while incarcerated.</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="left">A brief description of each of the designated treatment units follows:</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="left"><font color="#0000FF">1. </font>ASPC - <strong>Tucson</strong> Winchester and Manzanita
Units <i>Options For Change </i>Program.&nbsp; 405 males and 96 females</p>
<p align="left">This approximate nine month intensive program employs a cognitive-behavioral,
values-based approach to emphasize personal responsibility and teach participants how to
manage the many tangential aspects of addiction, such as anger, stress, domestic violence,
parenting, and mental and physical health. The Department's goal to place inmates in this
program who are near release cannot always be realized at this unit since Winchester and
Manzanita are Level 3 institutions (roughly comparable to medium custody).</p>
<p align="left"><font color="#0000FF">2.</font> <strong>Marana</strong> Community Correctional
Treatment Facility <i>Turning Point</i> Program.&nbsp; 350 males and 100 females</p>
<p align="left">This privatized institution offers a fourteen-week intensive program, followed by a
second phase of indefinite duration during which an inmate does release preparation
planning. The program is cognitive-behaviorally based and may include inmates with either
drug or alcohol problems. The goal with this program is to release inmates directly to the
community upon completion.</p>
<p align="left"><strong><em>Note: The programs at ASPC - Tucson Winchester/Manzanita and Marana are
undergoing a formal longitudinal and cost study by a contracted outside researcher.
Initial internal process results should be available in early 1999.</em></strong></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#0000FF">3.</font> ASPC - <strong>Douglas Papago</strong> DUI Unit
<i>Alternatives</i> Program <br>
320-340 males</p>
<p align="left">In Arizona, DUI Units have historically included strong community work programs to
provide an inexpensive labor force to the surrounding communities and build a work ethic
among inmate laborers. The contracted treatment program offers five hours of education
and/or treatment weekly for all inmates at the unit, focusing on alcohol-related issues,
and also addressing drug use and associated issues. In addition to the treatment program,
many inmates participate in an extensive off-site work program as well as business skills
and similar classes presented by Cochise Community College.</p>
<p align="left"><font color="#0000FF">4.</font> ASP - <strong>Phoenix West</strong> DUI Unit
<i>Journeys - West</i> Program <br>
400 males</p>
<p align="left">This privatized unit provides alcohol and drug abuse treatment in addition to work
opportunities. The treatment program, which is delivered by staff employed directly by the
private prison corporation, focuses primarily on alcohol abuse, but the concepts transfer
easily to drug abuse. Additionally, many seminar-type classes such as parenting, family
dynamics of addiction, and stress management are provided. To the extent possible,
treatment services at privatized DUI treatment units mirror those provided at ADC-operated
units.</p>
<p align="left"><font color="#0000FF">5.</font> ASP - <strong>Florence West</strong> DUI Unit
<i>Journeys - East</i> Program <br>
400 males</p>
<p align="left">The private prison corporation operating this privatized unit also manages ASP -
Phoenix West; the programs and services offered are the same.</p>
<p align="left"><font color="#0000FF">6.</font> ASPC - Tucson <strong>Southern Arizona Correctional
Release Center</strong> <i>Genesis</i> Program. 16 females</p>
<p align="left">Although the entire institution encompasses 144 beds, sixteen of those beds are devoted
to the Genesis program, which is a ninety-day intensive treatment program structured
around the Hazelden <u>Design for Living</u> curriculum. After release, each participant
is also provided four months of transitional/aftercare services. This program is somewhat
unique in that it represents a collaboration between the Departments of Corrections and
Health Services. ADHS completely funds the program, but all services are delivered within
a state prison facility.</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<div align="left">
<table border="0" width="100%">
<tr>
<td><strong><font color="#FF0000">IV.</font> <a name="Self-Help">Self-Help</a>/Mutual-Help
Support Groups</strong></td>
<td>
<p align="right"> Institution-Based</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p align="left">
The Department of Corrections values the substance abuse-related services delivered by
volunteers. Self-Help/Mutual-Help Support Groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous could not be
offered within the prisons without the support of these dedicated people. At units where
they are permitted to meet in groups, inmates are given the opportunity to attend these
groups, which for some becomes a lifelong activity.</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<div align="left">
<table border="0" width="100%">
<tr>
<td><strong><font color="#FF0000">V.</font> <a name="Transitional">Transitional</a>/Aftercare
Services</strong>
</td>
<td>
<p align="right">
Community-Based</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p align="left">With the passage of Proposition 200 and the subsequent Legislative action that now allows
the Department to use Proposition 200-generated funding for transitional/aftercare
services and treatment for offenders on community supervision, another unique partnership
was established with between the Departments of Corrections (ADC) and Health Services
(DHS). Through an intergovernmental agreement, ADC has placed one staff position within
each of the existing Regional Behavioral Health Authorities, which operate under DHS
purview. These Correctional Officer/Offender Liaisons (COOLs) work with Parole Officers to
identify the services that best match the offender's needs and refer offenders
appropriately. Participating offenders pay a co-pay for all services, but sliding fee
scales bring programming within financial reach. The COOL is able to assist not only with
transitional services and aftercare for offenders who have participated in one of the
Department's formal treatment programs, but also with arranging for drug and alcohol
treatment for those who had no opportunity to participate in formal treatment while
incarcerated.</p>
</blockquote>
<center>
<p><font face="Times" size="3"><a href="sasfuture.htm">Future Directions</a><br>
<a href="sas.htm">Responsibilities</a></font>
<p><a href="Directory.html"><img border="0" src="images/sasove1.gif" WIDTH="120" HEIGHT="65"></a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</center></div>
<p align="center">&nbsp;</p>
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