diff --git a/.xo-config.json b/.xo-config.json
index 326e4e016..56282e412 100644
--- a/.xo-config.json
+++ b/.xo-config.json
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 	"ignores": [
 		"media/**",
 		"test/config/fixtures/config-errors/test.js",
+		"test/line-numbers/fixtures/line-numbers.js",
 		"test-tap/fixture/snapshots/test-sourcemaps/build/**",
 		"test-tap/fixture/report/edgecases/ast-syntax-error.cjs",
 		"examples/typescript-*/**/*.ts"
diff --git a/lib/worker/line-numbers.js b/lib/worker/line-numbers.js
index a7248936c..c7865f85f 100644
--- a/lib/worker/line-numbers.js
+++ b/lib/worker/line-numbers.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import * as fs from 'node:fs';
-import {createRequire} from 'node:module';
+import {createRequire, findSourceMap} from 'node:module';
 import {pathToFileURL} from 'node:url';
 
 import callsites from 'callsites';
@@ -60,15 +60,45 @@ function findTest(locations, declaration) {
 
 const range = (start, end) => Array.from({length: end - start + 1}).fill(start).map((element, index) => element + index);
 
+const translate = (sourceMap, pos) => {
+	if (sourceMap === undefined) {
+		return pos;
+	}
+
+	const entry = sourceMap.findEntry(pos.line - 1, pos.column); // Source maps are 0-based
+	return {
+		line: entry.originalLine + 1, // Readjust for Acorn.
+		column: entry.originalColumn,
+	};
+};
+
 export default function lineNumberSelection({file, lineNumbers = []}) {
 	if (lineNumbers.length === 0) {
 		return undefined;
 	}
 
-	const locations = parse(file);
 	const selected = new Set(lineNumbers);
 
+	let locations = parse(file);
+	let lookedForSourceMap = false;
+	let sourceMap;
+
 	return () => {
+		if (!lookedForSourceMap) {
+			lookedForSourceMap = true;
+
+			// The returned function is called *after* the file has been loaded.
+			// Source maps are not available before then.
+			sourceMap = findSourceMap(file);
+
+			if (sourceMap !== undefined) {
+				locations = locations.map(({start, end}) => ({
+					start: translate(sourceMap, start),
+					end: translate(sourceMap, end),
+				}));
+			}
+		}
+
 		// Assume this is called from a test declaration, which is located in the file.
 		// If not… don't select the test!
 		const callSite = callsites().find(callSite => {
@@ -83,10 +113,10 @@ export default function lineNumberSelection({file, lineNumbers = []}) {
 			return false;
 		}
 
-		const start = {
-			line: callSite.getLineNumber(),
-			column: callSite.getColumnNumber() - 1, // Use 0-indexed columns.
-		};
+		const start = translate(sourceMap, {
+			line: callSite.getLineNumber(), // 1-based
+			column: callSite.getColumnNumber() - 1, // Comes out as 1-based, Acorn wants 0-based
+		});
 
 		const test = findTest(locations, start);
 		if (!test) {
diff --git a/test/line-numbers/fixtures/README.md b/test/line-numbers/fixtures/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c35659a08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/line-numbers/fixtures/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Compile using:
+
+```console
+npx tsc line-numbers.ts --outDir . --sourceMap --module es2020 --moduleResolution node
+```
diff --git a/test/line-numbers/fixtures/line-numbers.js b/test/line-numbers/fixtures/line-numbers.js
index 1ba516de4..1fb8144df 100644
--- a/test/line-numbers/fixtures/line-numbers.js
+++ b/test/line-numbers/fixtures/line-numbers.js
@@ -1,27 +1,23 @@
 import test from 'ava';
-
-test('unicorn', t => {
-	t.pass();
+test('unicorn', function (t) {
+    t.pass();
 });
-
-test('rainbow', t => {
-	t.pass();
+test('rainbow', function (t) {
+    t.pass();
 });
-
-test.serial('cat', t => {
-	t.pass();
+test.serial('cat', function (t) {
+    t.pass();
 });
-
 test.todo('dog'); // eslint-disable-line ava/no-todo-test
-
 /* eslint-disable max-statements-per-line, ava/no-inline-assertions */
-test('sun', t => t.pass()); test('moon', t => {
-	t.pass();
+test('sun', function (t) { return t.pass(); });
+test('moon', function (t) {
+    t.pass();
 });
 /* eslint-enable max-statements-per-line, ava/no-inline-assertions */
-
-(() => {
-	test('nested call', t => {
-		t.pass();
-	});
+(function () {
+    test('nested call', function (t) {
+        t.pass();
+    });
 })();
+//# sourceMappingURL=line-numbers.js.map
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/line-numbers/fixtures/line-numbers.js.map b/test/line-numbers/fixtures/line-numbers.js.map
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fed77ae4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/line-numbers/fixtures/line-numbers.js.map
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"line-numbers.js","sourceRoot":"","sources":["line-numbers.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,OAAO,IAAI,MAAM,KAAK,CAAC;AAEvB,IAAI,CAAC,SAAS,EAAE,UAAA,CAAC;IAChB,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,EAAE,CAAC;AACV,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;AAEH,IAAI,CAAC,SAAS,EAAE,UAAA,CAAC;IAChB,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,EAAE,CAAC;AACV,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;AAEH,IAAI,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,KAAK,EAAE,UAAA,CAAC;IACnB,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,EAAE,CAAC;AACV,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;AAEH,IAAI,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,KAAK,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,uCAAuC;AAEzD,sEAAsE;AACtE,IAAI,CAAC,KAAK,EAAE,UAAA,CAAC,IAAI,OAAA,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,EAAE,EAAR,CAAQ,CAAC,CAAC;AAAC,IAAI,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,UAAA,CAAC;IACzC,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,EAAE,CAAC;AACV,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;AACH,qEAAqE;AAErE,CAAC;IACA,IAAI,CAAC,aAAa,EAAE,UAAA,CAAC;QACpB,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,EAAE,CAAC;IACV,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;AACJ,CAAC,CAAC,EAAE,CAAC"}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/line-numbers/fixtures/line-numbers.ts b/test/line-numbers/fixtures/line-numbers.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..068887813
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/line-numbers/fixtures/line-numbers.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import test from 'ava'; // eslint-disable-line ava/no-ignored-test-files
+
+test('unicorn', t => {
+	t.pass();
+});
+
+test('rainbow', t => {
+	t.pass();
+});
+
+test.serial('cat', t => {
+	t.pass();
+});
+
+test.todo('dog'); // eslint-disable-line ava/no-todo-test
+
+/* eslint-disable max-statements-per-line, ava/no-inline-assertions */
+test('sun', t => t.pass()); test('moon', t => {
+	t.pass();
+});
+/* eslint-enable max-statements-per-line, ava/no-inline-assertions */
+
+(() => {
+	test('nested call', t => {
+		t.pass();
+	});
+})();