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greg-lindsay committed Apr 26, 2020
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion WindowsServerDocs/networking/TOC.md
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## [Domain Name System (DNS)](dns/dns-top.md)
### [What's new in DNS client in Windows Server](dns/What-s-New-in-DNS-Client.md)
### [What's new in DNS server in Windows Server](dns/What-s-New-in-DNS-Server.md)
### [DNS Anycast](dns/deloy/anycast.md)
### [DNS Anycast](dns/deploy/anycast.md)
### [DNS policy scenario guidance](dns/deploy/DNS-Policy-Scenario-Guide.md)
#### [DNS policies overview](dns/deploy/DNS-Policies-Overview.md)
#### [Use DNS policy for geo-location traffic management with primary servers](dns/deploy/primary-geo-location.md)
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24 changes: 13 additions & 11 deletions WindowsServerDocs/networking/dns/deploy/anycast.md
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---
title: Deploying Anycast DNS for performance and redundancy
description: This topic provides a brief overview of DNS Anycast
title: Anycast DNS overview
description: This topic provides a brief overview of Anycast DNS
manager: laurawi
ms.prod: windows-server
ms.technology: networking-dns
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ms.author: greglin
author: greg-lindsay
---
# Deploying Anycast DNS for performance and redundancy
# Anycast DNS overview

>Applies to: Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel), Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2019
This topic provides information about how DNS Anycast works.
This topic provides information about how Anycast DNS works.

## What is DNS Anycast?
## What is Anycast DNS?

DNS Anycast is a method that enables a specified DNS server, or one of a group of servers, to respond to a DNS query based on the geographical location of a DNS client.
Anycast DNS is a method that enables a specified DNS server, or one of a group of servers, to respond to a DNS query based on the geographical location of a DNS client.

With DNS Anycast, you can enhance DNS response time and simplify DNS client settings. DNS Anycast also provides an extra layer of redundancy and can help protect against DNS denial of service attacks.
With Anycast DNS, you can enhance DNS response time and simplify DNS client settings. Anycast DNS also provides an extra layer of redundancy and can help protect against DNS denial of service attacks.

## How Anycast DNS works

DNS Anycast works by using routing protocols such as Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) to send DNS client queries to the closest DNS server or group of DNS servers. DNS servers that exist in multiple geographical locations each advertise a single, identical IP address from their local gateway (router). When a DNS client query is initiated, the client's gateway evaluates which of the available routes to the destination is the shortest, and sends the DNS query to that location.
Anycast DNS works by using routing protocols such as Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) to send DNS client queries to the closest DNS server or group of DNS servers.

DNS servers that exist in multiple geographical locations each advertise a single, identical IP address called a <i>virtual IP address (VIP)</i> from their local gateway (router). When a DNS client query is initiated, the client's gateway evaluates which of the available routes to the destination is the shortest, and sends the DNS query to that location.

### Example of Anycast DNS

Following is an example of how Anycast DNS works.

1. A DNS client located in Seattle initiates a DNS query to the Anycast IP address 10.10.10.10.
2. The local router consults its route table and has two available paths. Utilizing the shortest path, it sends the packets to the SEA router.
3. The SEA router sends the query to the 10.10.10.10 destination corresponding to the SEA load balancer virual IP address (VIP).
3. The SEA router sends the query to the 10.10.10.10 destination corresponding to the SEA load balancer VIP.
4. The SEA load balancer randomly selects a DNS server from the pool of healthy, available DNS servers. In this case, the server chosen is SEA-DC16.
5. The SEA-DC16 server responds to the DNS client query.
- Optional: Servers have a non-AD integrated primary zone **loc.tst** that includes TXT records unique to the location and server identity for use in troubleshooting. For example, the client might issue the query **nslookup -type=TXT server.loc.tst** to determine the specific server that answered the query. All DNS servers have this zone, but only one is shown in the diagram. The zone name should be unique but can anything you choose.
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- The SEA and LON load balancers monitor health of the DNS servers individually, and withdraw servers from the pool that are not healthy.
- The SEA and LON load balancers monitor health of their own local DNS services based on criteria specified in the load balancer configuration. If the service health drops below threshold, the 10.10.10.10 VIP is no longer announced as available, and the route is withdrawn, resulting in failover to the next closest VIP.

### Frequenty asked questions
## Frequenty asked questions

Q: Is Anycast DNS a good solution to use in an on-premises DNS environment?
A: Anycast DNS works seamlessly with an on-premises DNS service.
A: Anycast DNS works seamlessly with an on-premises DNS service. However, Anycast is not *required* for the DNS service to scale.

Q: What is the impact of implementing Anycast DNS in an environment with a large number (ex: >50) of domain controllers?
A: There is no direct impact on functionality. If a load balancer is used then no additional configuration on domain controllers is required.
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