Remove native Protobuf rules

[Yannic]

This is the ☔️-bug for removing the native versions of everything related to Protocol Buffers from Bazel.

Blocked on:

• Add framework for writing lang_proto_library rules_proto#6
• Remove native cc_proto_library #10006
• proto_lang_toolchain and blacklisted_protos with ProtoInfo not propagated correctly #10484
• Add Starlark support for Symlink actions. #7514
• Avoid passing both the short and the long proto paths to protoc rules_proto#58
• Flip --incompatible_blacklisted_protos_requires_proto_info #12037
• Remove --incompatible_blacklisted_protos_requires_proto_info #12431
• ProtoConfiguration: Expose some fields to Starlark #12484
• Accept proto_library as //tools/objc:protobuf_well_known_types #12486

[jin]

cc @lberki