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// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
// Copyright (c) 2009-2020 The Bitcoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
#include <validation.h>
#include <arith_uint256.h>
#include <chain.h>
#include <chainparams.h>
#include <checkqueue.h>
#include <consensus/consensus.h>
#include <consensus/merkle.h>
#include <consensus/tx_check.h>
#include <consensus/tx_verify.h>
#include <consensus/validation.h>
#include <cuckoocache.h>
#include <flatfile.h>
#include <hash.h>
#include <index/txindex.h>
#include <logging.h>
#include <logging/timer.h>
#include <optional.h>
#include <policy/fees.h>
#include <policy/policy.h>
#include <policy/settings.h>
#include <pow.h>
#include <primitives/block.h>
#include <primitives/transaction.h>
#include <random.h>
#include <reverse_iterator.h>
#include <script/script.h>
#include <script/sigcache.h>
#include <shutdown.h>
#include <timedata.h>
#include <tinyformat.h>
#include <txdb.h>
#include <txmempool.h>
#include <ui_interface.h>
#include <uint256.h>
#include <undo.h>
#include <util/moneystr.h>
#include <util/rbf.h>
#include <util/strencodings.h>
#include <util/system.h>
#include <util/translation.h>
#include <validationinterface.h>
#include <warnings.h>
#include <string>
#include <boost/algorithm/string/replace.hpp>
#include <boost/thread.hpp>
#if defined(NDEBUG)
# error "Bitcoin cannot be compiled without assertions."
#endif
#define MICRO 0.000001
#define MILLI 0.001
/**
* An extra transaction can be added to a package, as long as it only has one
* ancestor and is no larger than this. Not really any reason to make this
* configurable as it doesn't materially change DoS parameters.
*/
static const unsigned int EXTRA_DESCENDANT_TX_SIZE_LIMIT = 10000;
/** Maximum kilobytes for transactions to store for processing during reorg */
static const unsigned int MAX_DISCONNECTED_TX_POOL_SIZE = 20000;
/** The pre-allocation chunk size for blk?????.dat files (since 0.8) */
static const unsigned int BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE = 0x1000000; // 16 MiB
/** The pre-allocation chunk size for rev?????.dat files (since 0.8) */
static const unsigned int UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE = 0x100000; // 1 MiB
/** Time to wait (in seconds) between writing blocks/block index to disk. */
static const unsigned int DATABASE_WRITE_INTERVAL = 60 * 60;
/** Time to wait (in seconds) between flushing chainstate to disk. */
static const unsigned int DATABASE_FLUSH_INTERVAL = 24 * 60 * 60;
/** Maximum age of our tip in seconds for us to be considered current for fee estimation */
static const int64_t MAX_FEE_ESTIMATION_TIP_AGE = 3 * 60 * 60;
bool CBlockIndexWorkComparator::operator()(const CBlockIndex *pa, const CBlockIndex *pb) const {
// First sort by most total work, ...
if (pa->nChainWork > pb->nChainWork) return false;
if (pa->nChainWork < pb->nChainWork) return true;
// ... then by earliest time received, ...
if (pa->nSequenceId < pb->nSequenceId) return false;
if (pa->nSequenceId > pb->nSequenceId) return true;
// Use pointer address as tie breaker (should only happen with blocks
// loaded from disk, as those all have id 0).
if (pa < pb) return false;
if (pa > pb) return true;
// Identical blocks.
return false;
}
ChainstateManager g_chainman;
CChainState& ChainstateActive()
{
LOCK(::cs_main);
assert(g_chainman.m_active_chainstate);
return *g_chainman.m_active_chainstate;
}
CChain& ChainActive()
{
LOCK(::cs_main);
return ::ChainstateActive().m_chain;
}
/**
* Mutex to guard access to validation specific variables, such as reading
* or changing the chainstate.
*
* This may also need to be locked when updating the transaction pool, e.g. on
* AcceptToMemoryPool. See CTxMemPool::cs comment for details.
*
* The transaction pool has a separate lock to allow reading from it and the
* chainstate at the same time.
*/
RecursiveMutex cs_main;
CBlockIndex *pindexBestHeader = nullptr;
Mutex g_best_block_mutex;
std::condition_variable g_best_block_cv;
uint256 g_best_block;
bool g_parallel_script_checks{false};
std::atomic_bool fImporting(false);
std::atomic_bool fReindex(false);
bool fHavePruned = false;
bool fPruneMode = false;
bool fRequireStandard = true;
bool fCheckBlockIndex = false;
bool fCheckpointsEnabled = DEFAULT_CHECKPOINTS_ENABLED;
size_t nCoinCacheUsage = 5000 * 300;
uint64_t nPruneTarget = 0;
int64_t nMaxTipAge = DEFAULT_MAX_TIP_AGE;
uint256 hashAssumeValid;
arith_uint256 nMinimumChainWork;
CFeeRate minRelayTxFee = CFeeRate(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE);
CBlockPolicyEstimator feeEstimator;
CTxMemPool mempool(&feeEstimator);
// Internal stuff
namespace {
CBlockIndex* pindexBestInvalid = nullptr;
RecursiveMutex cs_LastBlockFile;
std::vector<CBlockFileInfo> vinfoBlockFile;
int nLastBlockFile = 0;
/** Global flag to indicate we should check to see if there are
* block/undo files that should be deleted. Set on startup
* or if we allocate more file space when we're in prune mode
*/
bool fCheckForPruning = false;
/** Dirty block index entries. */
std::set<CBlockIndex*> setDirtyBlockIndex;
/** Dirty block file entries. */
std::set<int> setDirtyFileInfo;
} // anon namespace
CBlockIndex* LookupBlockIndex(const uint256& hash)
{
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
BlockMap::const_iterator it = g_chainman.BlockIndex().find(hash);
return it == g_chainman.BlockIndex().end() ? nullptr : it->second;
}
CBlockIndex* FindForkInGlobalIndex(const CChain& chain, const CBlockLocator& locator)
{
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
// Find the latest block common to locator and chain - we expect that
// locator.vHave is sorted descending by height.
for (const uint256& hash : locator.vHave) {
CBlockIndex* pindex = LookupBlockIndex(hash);
if (pindex) {
if (chain.Contains(pindex))
return pindex;
if (pindex->GetAncestor(chain.Height()) == chain.Tip()) {
return chain.Tip();
}
}
}
return chain.Genesis();
}
std::unique_ptr<CBlockTreeDB> pblocktree;
// See definition for documentation
static void FindFilesToPruneManual(std::set<int>& setFilesToPrune, int nManualPruneHeight);
static void FindFilesToPrune(std::set<int>& setFilesToPrune, uint64_t nPruneAfterHeight);
bool CheckInputScripts(const CTransaction& tx, TxValidationState &state, const CCoinsViewCache &inputs, unsigned int flags, bool cacheSigStore, bool cacheFullScriptStore, PrecomputedTransactionData& txdata, std::vector<CScriptCheck> *pvChecks = nullptr);
static FILE* OpenUndoFile(const FlatFilePos &pos, bool fReadOnly = false);
static FlatFileSeq BlockFileSeq();
static FlatFileSeq UndoFileSeq();
bool CheckFinalTx(const CTransaction &tx, int flags)
{
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
// By convention a negative value for flags indicates that the
// current network-enforced consensus rules should be used. In
// a future soft-fork scenario that would mean checking which
// rules would be enforced for the next block and setting the
// appropriate flags. At the present time no soft-forks are
// scheduled, so no flags are set.
flags = std::max(flags, 0);
// CheckFinalTx() uses ::ChainActive().Height()+1 to evaluate
// nLockTime because when IsFinalTx() is called within
// CBlock::AcceptBlock(), the height of the block *being*
// evaluated is what is used. Thus if we want to know if a
// transaction can be part of the *next* block, we need to call
// IsFinalTx() with one more than ::ChainActive().Height().
const int nBlockHeight = ::ChainActive().Height() + 1;
// BIP113 requires that time-locked transactions have nLockTime set to
// less than the median time of the previous block they're contained in.
// When the next block is created its previous block will be the current
// chain tip, so we use that to calculate the median time passed to
// IsFinalTx() if LOCKTIME_MEDIAN_TIME_PAST is set.
const int64_t nBlockTime = (flags & LOCKTIME_MEDIAN_TIME_PAST)
? ::ChainActive().Tip()->GetMedianTimePast()
: GetAdjustedTime();
return IsFinalTx(tx, nBlockHeight, nBlockTime);
}
bool TestLockPointValidity(const LockPoints* lp)
{
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
assert(lp);
// If there are relative lock times then the maxInputBlock will be set
// If there are no relative lock times, the LockPoints don't depend on the chain
if (lp->maxInputBlock) {
// Check whether ::ChainActive() is an extension of the block at which the LockPoints
// calculation was valid. If not LockPoints are no longer valid
if (!::ChainActive().Contains(lp->maxInputBlock)) {
return false;
}
}
// LockPoints still valid
return true;
}
bool CheckSequenceLocks(const CTxMemPool& pool, const CTransaction& tx, int flags, LockPoints* lp, bool useExistingLockPoints)
{
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
AssertLockHeld(pool.cs);
CBlockIndex* tip = ::ChainActive().Tip();
assert(tip != nullptr);
CBlockIndex index;
index.pprev = tip;
// CheckSequenceLocks() uses ::ChainActive().Height()+1 to evaluate
// height based locks because when SequenceLocks() is called within
// ConnectBlock(), the height of the block *being*
// evaluated is what is used.
// Thus if we want to know if a transaction can be part of the
// *next* block, we need to use one more than ::ChainActive().Height()
index.nHeight = tip->nHeight + 1;
std::pair<int, int64_t> lockPair;
if (useExistingLockPoints) {
assert(lp);
lockPair.first = lp->height;
lockPair.second = lp->time;
}
else {
// CoinsTip() contains the UTXO set for ::ChainActive().Tip()
CCoinsViewMemPool viewMemPool(&::ChainstateActive().CoinsTip(), pool);
std::vector<int> prevheights;
prevheights.resize(tx.vin.size());
for (size_t txinIndex = 0; txinIndex < tx.vin.size(); txinIndex++) {
const CTxIn& txin = tx.vin[txinIndex];
Coin coin;
if (!viewMemPool.GetCoin(txin.prevout, coin)) {
return error("%s: Missing input", __func__);
}
if (coin.nHeight == MEMPOOL_HEIGHT) {
// Assume all mempool transaction confirm in the next block
prevheights[txinIndex] = tip->nHeight + 1;
} else {
prevheights[txinIndex] = coin.nHeight;
}
}
lockPair = CalculateSequenceLocks(tx, flags, &prevheights, index);
if (lp) {
lp->height = lockPair.first;
lp->time = lockPair.second;
// Also store the hash of the block with the highest height of
// all the blocks which have sequence locked prevouts.
// This hash needs to still be on the chain
// for these LockPoint calculations to be valid
// Note: It is impossible to correctly calculate a maxInputBlock
// if any of the sequence locked inputs depend on unconfirmed txs,
// except in the special case where the relative lock time/height
// is 0, which is equivalent to no sequence lock. Since we assume
// input height of tip+1 for mempool txs and test the resulting
// lockPair from CalculateSequenceLocks against tip+1. We know
// EvaluateSequenceLocks will fail if there was a non-zero sequence
// lock on a mempool input, so we can use the return value of
// CheckSequenceLocks to indicate the LockPoints validity
int maxInputHeight = 0;
for (const int height : prevheights) {
// Can ignore mempool inputs since we'll fail if they had non-zero locks
if (height != tip->nHeight+1) {
maxInputHeight = std::max(maxInputHeight, height);
}
}
lp->maxInputBlock = tip->GetAncestor(maxInputHeight);
}
}
return EvaluateSequenceLocks(index, lockPair);
}
// Returns the script flags which should be checked for a given block
static unsigned int GetBlockScriptFlags(const CBlockIndex* pindex, const Consensus::Params& chainparams);
static void LimitMempoolSize(CTxMemPool& pool, size_t limit, std::chrono::seconds age)
EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(pool.cs, ::cs_main)
{
int expired = pool.Expire(GetTime<std::chrono::seconds>() - age);
if (expired != 0) {
LogPrint(BCLog::MEMPOOL, "Expired %i transactions from the memory pool\n", expired);
}
std::vector<COutPoint> vNoSpendsRemaining;
pool.TrimToSize(limit, &vNoSpendsRemaining);
for (const COutPoint& removed : vNoSpendsRemaining)
::ChainstateActive().CoinsTip().Uncache(removed);
}
static bool IsCurrentForFeeEstimation() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main)
{
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
if (::ChainstateActive().IsInitialBlockDownload())
return false;
if (::ChainActive().Tip()->GetBlockTime() < (GetTime() - MAX_FEE_ESTIMATION_TIP_AGE))
return false;
if (::ChainActive().Height() < pindexBestHeader->nHeight - 1)
return false;
return true;
}
/* Make mempool consistent after a reorg, by re-adding or recursively erasing
* disconnected block transactions from the mempool, and also removing any
* other transactions from the mempool that are no longer valid given the new
* tip/height.
*
* Note: we assume that disconnectpool only contains transactions that are NOT
* confirmed in the current chain nor already in the mempool (otherwise,
* in-mempool descendants of such transactions would be removed).
*
* Passing fAddToMempool=false will skip trying to add the transactions back,
* and instead just erase from the mempool as needed.
*/
static void UpdateMempoolForReorg(DisconnectedBlockTransactions& disconnectpool, bool fAddToMempool) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main, ::mempool.cs)
{
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
std::vector<uint256> vHashUpdate;
// disconnectpool's insertion_order index sorts the entries from
// oldest to newest, but the oldest entry will be the last tx from the
// latest mined block that was disconnected.
// Iterate disconnectpool in reverse, so that we add transactions
// back to the mempool starting with the earliest transaction that had
// been previously seen in a block.
auto it = disconnectpool.queuedTx.get<insertion_order>().rbegin();
while (it != disconnectpool.queuedTx.get<insertion_order>().rend()) {
// ignore validation errors in resurrected transactions
TxValidationState stateDummy;
if (!fAddToMempool || (*it)->IsCoinBase() ||
!AcceptToMemoryPool(mempool, stateDummy, *it,
nullptr /* plTxnReplaced */, true /* bypass_limits */, 0 /* nAbsurdFee */)) {
// If the transaction doesn't make it in to the mempool, remove any
// transactions that depend on it (which would now be orphans).
mempool.removeRecursive(**it, MemPoolRemovalReason::REORG);
} else if (mempool.exists((*it)->GetHash())) {
vHashUpdate.push_back((*it)->GetHash());
}
++it;
}
disconnectpool.queuedTx.clear();
// AcceptToMemoryPool/addUnchecked all assume that new mempool entries have
// no in-mempool children, which is generally not true when adding
// previously-confirmed transactions back to the mempool.
// UpdateTransactionsFromBlock finds descendants of any transactions in
// the disconnectpool that were added back and cleans up the mempool state.
mempool.UpdateTransactionsFromBlock(vHashUpdate);
// We also need to remove any now-immature transactions
mempool.removeForReorg(&::ChainstateActive().CoinsTip(), ::ChainActive().Tip()->nHeight + 1, STANDARD_LOCKTIME_VERIFY_FLAGS);
// Re-limit mempool size, in case we added any transactions
LimitMempoolSize(mempool, gArgs.GetArg("-maxmempool", DEFAULT_MAX_MEMPOOL_SIZE) * 1000000, std::chrono::hours{gArgs.GetArg("-mempoolexpiry", DEFAULT_MEMPOOL_EXPIRY)});
}
// Used to avoid mempool polluting consensus critical paths if CCoinsViewMempool
// were somehow broken and returning the wrong scriptPubKeys
static bool CheckInputsFromMempoolAndCache(const CTransaction& tx, TxValidationState& state, const CCoinsViewCache& view, const CTxMemPool& pool,
unsigned int flags, PrecomputedTransactionData& txdata) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main) {
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
// pool.cs should be locked already, but go ahead and re-take the lock here
// to enforce that mempool doesn't change between when we check the view
// and when we actually call through to CheckInputScripts
LOCK(pool.cs);
assert(!tx.IsCoinBase());
for (const CTxIn& txin : tx.vin) {
const Coin& coin = view.AccessCoin(txin.prevout);
// AcceptToMemoryPoolWorker has already checked that the coins are
// available, so this shouldn't fail. If the inputs are not available
// here then return false.
if (coin.IsSpent()) return false;
// Check equivalence for available inputs.
const CTransactionRef& txFrom = pool.get(txin.prevout.hash);
if (txFrom) {
assert(txFrom->GetHash() == txin.prevout.hash);
assert(txFrom->vout.size() > txin.prevout.n);
assert(txFrom->vout[txin.prevout.n] == coin.out);
} else {
const Coin& coinFromDisk = ::ChainstateActive().CoinsTip().AccessCoin(txin.prevout);
assert(!coinFromDisk.IsSpent());
assert(coinFromDisk.out == coin.out);
}
}
// Call CheckInputScripts() to cache signature and script validity against current tip consensus rules.
return CheckInputScripts(tx, state, view, flags, /* cacheSigStore = */ true, /* cacheFullSciptStore = */ true, txdata);
}
namespace {
class MemPoolAccept
{
public:
MemPoolAccept(CTxMemPool& mempool) : m_pool(mempool), m_view(&m_dummy), m_viewmempool(&::ChainstateActive().CoinsTip(), m_pool),
m_limit_ancestors(gArgs.GetArg("-limitancestorcount", DEFAULT_ANCESTOR_LIMIT)),
m_limit_ancestor_size(gArgs.GetArg("-limitancestorsize", DEFAULT_ANCESTOR_SIZE_LIMIT)*1000),
m_limit_descendants(gArgs.GetArg("-limitdescendantcount", DEFAULT_DESCENDANT_LIMIT)),
m_limit_descendant_size(gArgs.GetArg("-limitdescendantsize", DEFAULT_DESCENDANT_SIZE_LIMIT)*1000) {}
// We put the arguments we're handed into a struct, so we can pass them
// around easier.
struct ATMPArgs {
const CChainParams& m_chainparams;
TxValidationState &m_state;
const int64_t m_accept_time;
std::list<CTransactionRef>* m_replaced_transactions;
const bool m_bypass_limits;
const CAmount& m_absurd_fee;
/*
* Return any outpoints which were not previously present in the coins
* cache, but were added as a result of validating the tx for mempool
* acceptance. This allows the caller to optionally remove the cache
* additions if the associated transaction ends up being rejected by
* the mempool.
*/
std::vector<COutPoint>& m_coins_to_uncache;
const bool m_test_accept;
};
// Single transaction acceptance
bool AcceptSingleTransaction(const CTransactionRef& ptx, ATMPArgs& args) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
private:
// All the intermediate state that gets passed between the various levels
// of checking a given transaction.
struct Workspace {
Workspace(const CTransactionRef& ptx) : m_ptx(ptx), m_hash(ptx->GetHash()) {}
std::set<uint256> m_conflicts;
CTxMemPool::setEntries m_all_conflicting;
CTxMemPool::setEntries m_ancestors;
std::unique_ptr<CTxMemPoolEntry> m_entry;
bool m_replacement_transaction;
CAmount m_modified_fees;
CAmount m_conflicting_fees;
size_t m_conflicting_size;
const CTransactionRef& m_ptx;
const uint256& m_hash;
};
// Run the policy checks on a given transaction, excluding any script checks.
// Looks up inputs, calculates feerate, considers replacement, evaluates
// package limits, etc. As this function can be invoked for "free" by a peer,
// only tests that are fast should be done here (to avoid CPU DoS).
bool PreChecks(ATMPArgs& args, Workspace& ws) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main, m_pool.cs);
// Run the script checks using our policy flags. As this can be slow, we should
// only invoke this on transactions that have otherwise passed policy checks.
bool PolicyScriptChecks(ATMPArgs& args, Workspace& ws, PrecomputedTransactionData& txdata) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
// Re-run the script checks, using consensus flags, and try to cache the
// result in the scriptcache. This should be done after
// PolicyScriptChecks(). This requires that all inputs either be in our
// utxo set or in the mempool.
bool ConsensusScriptChecks(ATMPArgs& args, Workspace& ws, PrecomputedTransactionData &txdata) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
// Try to add the transaction to the mempool, removing any conflicts first.
// Returns true if the transaction is in the mempool after any size
// limiting is performed, false otherwise.
bool Finalize(ATMPArgs& args, Workspace& ws) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main, m_pool.cs);
// Compare a package's feerate against minimum allowed.
bool CheckFeeRate(size_t package_size, CAmount package_fee, TxValidationState& state)
{
CAmount mempoolRejectFee = m_pool.GetMinFee(gArgs.GetArg("-maxmempool", DEFAULT_MAX_MEMPOOL_SIZE) * 1000000).GetFee(package_size);
if (mempoolRejectFee > 0 && package_fee < mempoolRejectFee) {
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_MEMPOOL_POLICY, "mempool min fee not met", strprintf("%d < %d", package_fee, mempoolRejectFee));
}
if (package_fee < ::minRelayTxFee.GetFee(package_size)) {
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_MEMPOOL_POLICY, "min relay fee not met", strprintf("%d < %d", package_fee, ::minRelayTxFee.GetFee(package_size)));
}
return true;
}
private:
CTxMemPool& m_pool;
CCoinsViewCache m_view;
CCoinsViewMemPool m_viewmempool;
CCoinsView m_dummy;
// The package limits in effect at the time of invocation.
const size_t m_limit_ancestors;
const size_t m_limit_ancestor_size;
// These may be modified while evaluating a transaction (eg to account for
// in-mempool conflicts; see below).
size_t m_limit_descendants;
size_t m_limit_descendant_size;
};
bool MemPoolAccept::PreChecks(ATMPArgs& args, Workspace& ws)
{
const CTransactionRef& ptx = ws.m_ptx;
const CTransaction& tx = *ws.m_ptx;
const uint256& hash = ws.m_hash;
// Copy/alias what we need out of args
TxValidationState &state = args.m_state;
const int64_t nAcceptTime = args.m_accept_time;
const bool bypass_limits = args.m_bypass_limits;
const CAmount& nAbsurdFee = args.m_absurd_fee;
std::vector<COutPoint>& coins_to_uncache = args.m_coins_to_uncache;
// Alias what we need out of ws
std::set<uint256>& setConflicts = ws.m_conflicts;
CTxMemPool::setEntries& allConflicting = ws.m_all_conflicting;
CTxMemPool::setEntries& setAncestors = ws.m_ancestors;
std::unique_ptr<CTxMemPoolEntry>& entry = ws.m_entry;
bool& fReplacementTransaction = ws.m_replacement_transaction;
CAmount& nModifiedFees = ws.m_modified_fees;
CAmount& nConflictingFees = ws.m_conflicting_fees;
size_t& nConflictingSize = ws.m_conflicting_size;
if (!CheckTransaction(tx, state))
return false; // state filled in by CheckTransaction
// Coinbase is only valid in a block, not as a loose transaction
if (tx.IsCoinBase())
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_CONSENSUS, "coinbase");
// Rather not work on nonstandard transactions (unless -testnet/-regtest)
std::string reason;
if (fRequireStandard && !IsStandardTx(tx, reason))
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_NOT_STANDARD, reason);
// Do not work on transactions that are too small.
// A transaction with 1 segwit input and 1 P2WPHK output has non-witness size of 82 bytes.
// Transactions smaller than this are not relayed to mitigate CVE-2017-12842 by not relaying
// 64-byte transactions.
if (::GetSerializeSize(tx, PROTOCOL_VERSION | SERIALIZE_TRANSACTION_NO_WITNESS) < MIN_STANDARD_TX_NONWITNESS_SIZE)
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_NOT_STANDARD, "tx-size-small");
// Only accept nLockTime-using transactions that can be mined in the next
// block; we don't want our mempool filled up with transactions that can't
// be mined yet.
if (!CheckFinalTx(tx, STANDARD_LOCKTIME_VERIFY_FLAGS))
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_PREMATURE_SPEND, "non-final");
// is it already in the memory pool?
if (m_pool.exists(hash)) {
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_CONFLICT, "txn-already-in-mempool");
}
// Check for conflicts with in-memory transactions
for (const CTxIn &txin : tx.vin)
{
const CTransaction* ptxConflicting = m_pool.GetConflictTx(txin.prevout);
if (ptxConflicting) {
if (!setConflicts.count(ptxConflicting->GetHash()))
{
// Allow opt-out of transaction replacement by setting
// nSequence > MAX_BIP125_RBF_SEQUENCE (SEQUENCE_FINAL-2) on all inputs.
//
// SEQUENCE_FINAL-1 is picked to still allow use of nLockTime by
// non-replaceable transactions. All inputs rather than just one
// is for the sake of multi-party protocols, where we don't
// want a single party to be able to disable replacement.
//
// The opt-out ignores descendants as anyone relying on
// first-seen mempool behavior should be checking all
// unconfirmed ancestors anyway; doing otherwise is hopelessly
// insecure.
bool fReplacementOptOut = true;
for (const CTxIn &_txin : ptxConflicting->vin)
{
if (_txin.nSequence <= MAX_BIP125_RBF_SEQUENCE)
{
fReplacementOptOut = false;
break;
}
}
if (fReplacementOptOut) {
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_MEMPOOL_POLICY, "txn-mempool-conflict");
}
setConflicts.insert(ptxConflicting->GetHash());
}
}
}
LockPoints lp;
m_view.SetBackend(m_viewmempool);
CCoinsViewCache& coins_cache = ::ChainstateActive().CoinsTip();
// do all inputs exist?
for (const CTxIn& txin : tx.vin) {
if (!coins_cache.HaveCoinInCache(txin.prevout)) {
coins_to_uncache.push_back(txin.prevout);
}
// Note: this call may add txin.prevout to the coins cache
// (coins_cache.cacheCoins) by way of FetchCoin(). It should be removed
// later (via coins_to_uncache) if this tx turns out to be invalid.
if (!m_view.HaveCoin(txin.prevout)) {
// Are inputs missing because we already have the tx?
for (size_t out = 0; out < tx.vout.size(); out++) {
// Optimistically just do efficient check of cache for outputs
if (coins_cache.HaveCoinInCache(COutPoint(hash, out))) {
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_CONFLICT, "txn-already-known");
}
}
// Otherwise assume this might be an orphan tx for which we just haven't seen parents yet
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_MISSING_INPUTS, "bad-txns-inputs-missingorspent");
}
}
// Bring the best block into scope
m_view.GetBestBlock();
// we have all inputs cached now, so switch back to dummy (to protect
// against bugs where we pull more inputs from disk that miss being added
// to coins_to_uncache)
m_view.SetBackend(m_dummy);
// Only accept BIP68 sequence locked transactions that can be mined in the next
// block; we don't want our mempool filled up with transactions that can't
// be mined yet.
// Must keep pool.cs for this unless we change CheckSequenceLocks to take a
// CoinsViewCache instead of create its own
if (!CheckSequenceLocks(m_pool, tx, STANDARD_LOCKTIME_VERIFY_FLAGS, &lp))
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_PREMATURE_SPEND, "non-BIP68-final");
CAmount nFees = 0;
if (!Consensus::CheckTxInputs(tx, state, m_view, GetSpendHeight(m_view), nFees)) {
return error("%s: Consensus::CheckTxInputs: %s, %s", __func__, tx.GetHash().ToString(), state.ToString());
}
// Check for non-standard pay-to-script-hash in inputs
if (fRequireStandard && !AreInputsStandard(tx, m_view))
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_NOT_STANDARD, "bad-txns-nonstandard-inputs");
// Check for non-standard witness in P2WSH
if (tx.HasWitness() && fRequireStandard && !IsWitnessStandard(tx, m_view))
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_WITNESS_MUTATED, "bad-witness-nonstandard");
int64_t nSigOpsCost = GetTransactionSigOpCost(tx, m_view, STANDARD_SCRIPT_VERIFY_FLAGS);
// nModifiedFees includes any fee deltas from PrioritiseTransaction
nModifiedFees = nFees;
m_pool.ApplyDelta(hash, nModifiedFees);
// Keep track of transactions that spend a coinbase, which we re-scan
// during reorgs to ensure COINBASE_MATURITY is still met.
bool fSpendsCoinbase = false;
for (const CTxIn &txin : tx.vin) {
const Coin &coin = m_view.AccessCoin(txin.prevout);
if (coin.IsCoinBase()) {
fSpendsCoinbase = true;
break;
}
}
entry.reset(new CTxMemPoolEntry(ptx, nFees, nAcceptTime, ::ChainActive().Height(),
fSpendsCoinbase, nSigOpsCost, lp));
unsigned int nSize = entry->GetTxSize();
if (nSigOpsCost > MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIGOPS_COST)
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_NOT_STANDARD, "bad-txns-too-many-sigops",
strprintf("%d", nSigOpsCost));
// No transactions are allowed below minRelayTxFee except from disconnected
// blocks
if (!bypass_limits && !CheckFeeRate(nSize, nModifiedFees, state)) return false;
if (nAbsurdFee && nFees > nAbsurdFee)
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_NOT_STANDARD,
"absurdly-high-fee", strprintf("%d > %d", nFees, nAbsurdFee));
const CTxMemPool::setEntries setIterConflicting = m_pool.GetIterSet(setConflicts);
// Calculate in-mempool ancestors, up to a limit.
if (setConflicts.size() == 1) {
// In general, when we receive an RBF transaction with mempool conflicts, we want to know whether we
// would meet the chain limits after the conflicts have been removed. However, there isn't a practical
// way to do this short of calculating the ancestor and descendant sets with an overlay cache of
// changed mempool entries. Due to both implementation and runtime complexity concerns, this isn't
// very realistic, thus we only ensure a limited set of transactions are RBF'able despite mempool
// conflicts here. Importantly, we need to ensure that some transactions which were accepted using
// the below carve-out are able to be RBF'ed, without impacting the security the carve-out provides
// for off-chain contract systems (see link in the comment below).
//
// Specifically, the subset of RBF transactions which we allow despite chain limits are those which
// conflict directly with exactly one other transaction (but may evict children of said transaction),
// and which are not adding any new mempool dependencies. Note that the "no new mempool dependencies"
// check is accomplished later, so we don't bother doing anything about it here, but if BIP 125 is
// amended, we may need to move that check to here instead of removing it wholesale.
//
// Such transactions are clearly not merging any existing packages, so we are only concerned with
// ensuring that (a) no package is growing past the package size (not count) limits and (b) we are
// not allowing something to effectively use the (below) carve-out spot when it shouldn't be allowed
// to.
//
// To check these we first check if we meet the RBF criteria, above, and increment the descendant
// limits by the direct conflict and its descendants (as these are recalculated in
// CalculateMempoolAncestors by assuming the new transaction being added is a new descendant, with no
// removals, of each parent's existing dependent set). The ancestor count limits are unmodified (as
// the ancestor limits should be the same for both our new transaction and any conflicts).
// We don't bother incrementing m_limit_descendants by the full removal count as that limit never comes
// into force here (as we're only adding a single transaction).
assert(setIterConflicting.size() == 1);
CTxMemPool::txiter conflict = *setIterConflicting.begin();
m_limit_descendants += 1;
m_limit_descendant_size += conflict->GetSizeWithDescendants();
}
std::string errString;
if (!m_pool.CalculateMemPoolAncestors(*entry, setAncestors, m_limit_ancestors, m_limit_ancestor_size, m_limit_descendants, m_limit_descendant_size, errString)) {
setAncestors.clear();
// If CalculateMemPoolAncestors fails second time, we want the original error string.
std::string dummy_err_string;
// Contracting/payment channels CPFP carve-out:
// If the new transaction is relatively small (up to 40k weight)
// and has at most one ancestor (ie ancestor limit of 2, including
// the new transaction), allow it if its parent has exactly the
// descendant limit descendants.
//
// This allows protocols which rely on distrusting counterparties
// being able to broadcast descendants of an unconfirmed transaction
// to be secure by simply only having two immediately-spendable
// outputs - one for each counterparty. For more info on the uses for
// this, see https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/pipermail/bitcoin-dev/2018-November/016518.html
if (nSize > EXTRA_DESCENDANT_TX_SIZE_LIMIT ||
!m_pool.CalculateMemPoolAncestors(*entry, setAncestors, 2, m_limit_ancestor_size, m_limit_descendants + 1, m_limit_descendant_size + EXTRA_DESCENDANT_TX_SIZE_LIMIT, dummy_err_string)) {
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_MEMPOOL_POLICY, "too-long-mempool-chain", errString);
}
}
// A transaction that spends outputs that would be replaced by it is invalid. Now
// that we have the set of all ancestors we can detect this
// pathological case by making sure setConflicts and setAncestors don't
// intersect.
for (CTxMemPool::txiter ancestorIt : setAncestors)
{
const uint256 &hashAncestor = ancestorIt->GetTx().GetHash();
if (setConflicts.count(hashAncestor))
{
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_CONSENSUS, "bad-txns-spends-conflicting-tx",
strprintf("%s spends conflicting transaction %s",
hash.ToString(),
hashAncestor.ToString()));
}
}
// Check if it's economically rational to mine this transaction rather
// than the ones it replaces.
nConflictingFees = 0;
nConflictingSize = 0;
uint64_t nConflictingCount = 0;
// If we don't hold the lock allConflicting might be incomplete; the
// subsequent RemoveStaged() and addUnchecked() calls don't guarantee
// mempool consistency for us.
fReplacementTransaction = setConflicts.size();
if (fReplacementTransaction)
{
CFeeRate newFeeRate(nModifiedFees, nSize);
std::set<uint256> setConflictsParents;
const int maxDescendantsToVisit = 100;
for (const auto& mi : setIterConflicting) {
// Don't allow the replacement to reduce the feerate of the
// mempool.
//
// We usually don't want to accept replacements with lower
// feerates than what they replaced as that would lower the
// feerate of the next block. Requiring that the feerate always
// be increased is also an easy-to-reason about way to prevent
// DoS attacks via replacements.
//
// We only consider the feerates of transactions being directly
// replaced, not their indirect descendants. While that does
// mean high feerate children are ignored when deciding whether
// or not to replace, we do require the replacement to pay more
// overall fees too, mitigating most cases.
CFeeRate oldFeeRate(mi->GetModifiedFee(), mi->GetTxSize());
if (newFeeRate <= oldFeeRate)
{
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_MEMPOOL_POLICY, "insufficient fee",
strprintf("rejecting replacement %s; new feerate %s <= old feerate %s",
hash.ToString(),
newFeeRate.ToString(),
oldFeeRate.ToString()));
}
for (const CTxIn &txin : mi->GetTx().vin)
{
setConflictsParents.insert(txin.prevout.hash);
}
nConflictingCount += mi->GetCountWithDescendants();
}
// This potentially overestimates the number of actual descendants
// but we just want to be conservative to avoid doing too much
// work.
if (nConflictingCount <= maxDescendantsToVisit) {
// If not too many to replace, then calculate the set of
// transactions that would have to be evicted
for (CTxMemPool::txiter it : setIterConflicting) {
m_pool.CalculateDescendants(it, allConflicting);
}
for (CTxMemPool::txiter it : allConflicting) {
nConflictingFees += it->GetModifiedFee();
nConflictingSize += it->GetTxSize();
}
} else {
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_MEMPOOL_POLICY, "too many potential replacements",
strprintf("rejecting replacement %s; too many potential replacements (%d > %d)\n",
hash.ToString(),
nConflictingCount,
maxDescendantsToVisit));
}
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < tx.vin.size(); j++)
{
// We don't want to accept replacements that require low
// feerate junk to be mined first. Ideally we'd keep track of
// the ancestor feerates and make the decision based on that,
// but for now requiring all new inputs to be confirmed works.
//
// Note that if you relax this to make RBF a little more useful,
// this may break the CalculateMempoolAncestors RBF relaxation,
// above. See the comment above the first CalculateMempoolAncestors
// call for more info.
if (!setConflictsParents.count(tx.vin[j].prevout.hash))
{
// Rather than check the UTXO set - potentially expensive -
// it's cheaper to just check if the new input refers to a
// tx that's in the mempool.
if (m_pool.exists(tx.vin[j].prevout.hash)) {
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_MEMPOOL_POLICY, "replacement-adds-unconfirmed",
strprintf("replacement %s adds unconfirmed input, idx %d",
hash.ToString(), j));
}
}
}
// The replacement must pay greater fees than the transactions it
// replaces - if we did the bandwidth used by those conflicting
// transactions would not be paid for.
if (nModifiedFees < nConflictingFees)
{
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_MEMPOOL_POLICY, "insufficient fee",
strprintf("rejecting replacement %s, less fees than conflicting txs; %s < %s",
hash.ToString(), FormatMoney(nModifiedFees), FormatMoney(nConflictingFees)));
}
// Finally in addition to paying more fees than the conflicts the
// new transaction must pay for its own bandwidth.
CAmount nDeltaFees = nModifiedFees - nConflictingFees;
if (nDeltaFees < ::incrementalRelayFee.GetFee(nSize))
{
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_MEMPOOL_POLICY, "insufficient fee",
strprintf("rejecting replacement %s, not enough additional fees to relay; %s < %s",
hash.ToString(),
FormatMoney(nDeltaFees),
FormatMoney(::incrementalRelayFee.GetFee(nSize))));
}
}
return true;
}
bool MemPoolAccept::PolicyScriptChecks(ATMPArgs& args, Workspace& ws, PrecomputedTransactionData& txdata)
{
const CTransaction& tx = *ws.m_ptx;
TxValidationState &state = args.m_state;
constexpr unsigned int scriptVerifyFlags = STANDARD_SCRIPT_VERIFY_FLAGS;
// Check input scripts and signatures.
// This is done last to help prevent CPU exhaustion denial-of-service attacks.
if (!CheckInputScripts(tx, state, m_view, scriptVerifyFlags, true, false, txdata)) {
// SCRIPT_VERIFY_CLEANSTACK requires SCRIPT_VERIFY_WITNESS, so we
// need to turn both off, and compare against just turning off CLEANSTACK
// to see if the failure is specifically due to witness validation.
TxValidationState state_dummy; // Want reported failures to be from first CheckInputScripts
if (!tx.HasWitness() && CheckInputScripts(tx, state_dummy, m_view, scriptVerifyFlags & ~(SCRIPT_VERIFY_WITNESS | SCRIPT_VERIFY_CLEANSTACK), true, false, txdata) &&
!CheckInputScripts(tx, state_dummy, m_view, scriptVerifyFlags & ~SCRIPT_VERIFY_CLEANSTACK, true, false, txdata)) {
// Only the witness is missing, so the transaction itself may be fine.
state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_WITNESS_MUTATED,
state.GetRejectReason(), state.GetDebugMessage());
}
return false; // state filled in by CheckInputScripts
}
return true;
}
bool MemPoolAccept::ConsensusScriptChecks(ATMPArgs& args, Workspace& ws, PrecomputedTransactionData& txdata)
{
const CTransaction& tx = *ws.m_ptx;
const uint256& hash = ws.m_hash;
TxValidationState &state = args.m_state;
const CChainParams& chainparams = args.m_chainparams;
// Check again against the current block tip's script verification
// flags to cache our script execution flags. This is, of course,
// useless if the next block has different script flags from the
// previous one, but because the cache tracks script flags for us it
// will auto-invalidate and we'll just have a few blocks of extra
// misses on soft-fork activation.
//
// This is also useful in case of bugs in the standard flags that cause
// transactions to pass as valid when they're actually invalid. For
// instance the STRICTENC flag was incorrectly allowing certain
// CHECKSIG NOT scripts to pass, even though they were invalid.
//
// There is a similar check in CreateNewBlock() to prevent creating
// invalid blocks (using TestBlockValidity), however allowing such
// transactions into the mempool can be exploited as a DoS attack.
unsigned int currentBlockScriptVerifyFlags = GetBlockScriptFlags(::ChainActive().Tip(), chainparams.GetConsensus());
if (!CheckInputsFromMempoolAndCache(tx, state, m_view, m_pool, currentBlockScriptVerifyFlags, txdata)) {
return error("%s: BUG! PLEASE REPORT THIS! CheckInputScripts failed against latest-block but not STANDARD flags %s, %s",
__func__, hash.ToString(), state.ToString());
}
return true;
}
bool MemPoolAccept::Finalize(ATMPArgs& args, Workspace& ws)
{
const CTransaction& tx = *ws.m_ptx;
const uint256& hash = ws.m_hash;
TxValidationState &state = args.m_state;
const bool bypass_limits = args.m_bypass_limits;
CTxMemPool::setEntries& allConflicting = ws.m_all_conflicting;
CTxMemPool::setEntries& setAncestors = ws.m_ancestors;
const CAmount& nModifiedFees = ws.m_modified_fees;
const CAmount& nConflictingFees = ws.m_conflicting_fees;
const size_t& nConflictingSize = ws.m_conflicting_size;
const bool fReplacementTransaction = ws.m_replacement_transaction;
std::unique_ptr<CTxMemPoolEntry>& entry = ws.m_entry;
// Remove conflicting transactions from the mempool
for (CTxMemPool::txiter it : allConflicting)
{
LogPrint(BCLog::MEMPOOL, "replacing tx %s with %s for %s additional fees, %d delta bytes\n",
it->GetTx().GetHash().ToString(),
hash.ToString(),
FormatMoney(nModifiedFees - nConflictingFees),
(int)entry->GetTxSize() - (int)nConflictingSize);
if (args.m_replaced_transactions)
args.m_replaced_transactions->push_back(it->GetSharedTx());
}
m_pool.RemoveStaged(allConflicting, false, MemPoolRemovalReason::REPLACED);
// This transaction should only count for fee estimation if:
// - it isn't a BIP 125 replacement transaction (may not be widely supported)
// - it's not being re-added during a reorg which bypasses typical mempool fee limits
// - the node is not behind
// - the transaction is not dependent on any other transactions in the mempool
bool validForFeeEstimation = !fReplacementTransaction && !bypass_limits && IsCurrentForFeeEstimation() && m_pool.HasNoInputsOf(tx);
// Store transaction in memory
m_pool.addUnchecked(*entry, setAncestors, validForFeeEstimation);
// trim mempool and check if tx was trimmed
if (!bypass_limits) {
LimitMempoolSize(m_pool, gArgs.GetArg("-maxmempool", DEFAULT_MAX_MEMPOOL_SIZE) * 1000000, std::chrono::hours{gArgs.GetArg("-mempoolexpiry", DEFAULT_MEMPOOL_EXPIRY)});
if (!m_pool.exists(hash))
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_MEMPOOL_POLICY, "mempool full");
}
return true;
}
bool MemPoolAccept::AcceptSingleTransaction(const CTransactionRef& ptx, ATMPArgs& args)
{
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
LOCK(m_pool.cs); // mempool "read lock" (held through GetMainSignals().TransactionAddedToMempool())
Workspace workspace(ptx);
if (!PreChecks(args, workspace)) return false;
// Only compute the precomputed transaction data if we need to verify
// scripts (ie, other policy checks pass). We perform the inexpensive
// checks first and avoid hashing and signature verification unless those
// checks pass, to mitigate CPU exhaustion denial-of-service attacks.
PrecomputedTransactionData txdata;
if (!PolicyScriptChecks(args, workspace, txdata)) return false;
if (!ConsensusScriptChecks(args, workspace, txdata)) return false;
// Tx was accepted, but not added
if (args.m_test_accept) return true;
if (!Finalize(args, workspace)) return false;
GetMainSignals().TransactionAddedToMempool(ptx);
return true;
}
} // anon namespace
/** (try to) add transaction to memory pool with a specified acceptance time **/
static bool AcceptToMemoryPoolWithTime(const CChainParams& chainparams, CTxMemPool& pool, TxValidationState &state, const CTransactionRef &tx,
int64_t nAcceptTime, std::list<CTransactionRef>* plTxnReplaced,
bool bypass_limits, const CAmount nAbsurdFee, bool test_accept) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main)
{
std::vector<COutPoint> coins_to_uncache;
MemPoolAccept::ATMPArgs args { chainparams, state, nAcceptTime, plTxnReplaced, bypass_limits, nAbsurdFee, coins_to_uncache, test_accept };
bool res = MemPoolAccept(pool).AcceptSingleTransaction(tx, args);
if (!res) {
// Remove coins that were not present in the coins cache before calling ATMPW;
// this is to prevent memory DoS in case we receive a large number of
// invalid transactions that attempt to overrun the in-memory coins cache
// (`CCoinsViewCache::cacheCoins`).
for (const COutPoint& hashTx : coins_to_uncache)
::ChainstateActive().CoinsTip().Uncache(hashTx);
}
// After we've (potentially) uncached entries, ensure our coins cache is still within its size limits
BlockValidationState state_dummy;
::ChainstateActive().FlushStateToDisk(chainparams, state_dummy, FlushStateMode::PERIODIC);
return res;
}
bool AcceptToMemoryPool(CTxMemPool& pool, TxValidationState &state, const CTransactionRef &tx,
std::list<CTransactionRef>* plTxnReplaced,
bool bypass_limits, const CAmount nAbsurdFee, bool test_accept)
{
const CChainParams& chainparams = Params();
return AcceptToMemoryPoolWithTime(chainparams, pool, state, tx, GetTime(), plTxnReplaced, bypass_limits, nAbsurdFee, test_accept);
}
/**
* Return transaction in txOut, and if it was found inside a block, its hash is placed in hashBlock.
* If blockIndex is provided, the transaction is fetched from the corresponding block.
*/
bool GetTransaction(const uint256& hash, CTransactionRef& txOut, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams, uint256& hashBlock, const CBlockIndex* const block_index)
{
LOCK(cs_main);
if (!block_index) {
CTransactionRef ptx = mempool.get(hash);
if (ptx) {
txOut = ptx;
return true;
}
if (g_txindex) {
return g_txindex->FindTx(hash, hashBlock, txOut);
}
} else {
CBlock block;
if (ReadBlockFromDisk(block, block_index, consensusParams)) {
for (const auto& tx : block.vtx) {
if (tx->GetHash() == hash) {
txOut = tx;
hashBlock = block_index->GetBlockHash();
return true;
}
}
}
}
return false;
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// CBlock and CBlockIndex
//
static bool WriteBlockToDisk(const CBlock& block, FlatFilePos& pos, const CMessageHeader::MessageStartChars& messageStart)
{
// Open history file to append
CAutoFile fileout(OpenBlockFile(pos), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
if (fileout.IsNull())
return error("WriteBlockToDisk: OpenBlockFile failed");
// Write index header
unsigned int nSize = GetSerializeSize(block, fileout.GetVersion());
fileout << messageStart << nSize;
// Write block
long fileOutPos = ftell(fileout.Get());
if (fileOutPos < 0)
return error("WriteBlockToDisk: ftell failed");
pos.nPos = (unsigned int)fileOutPos;
fileout << block;
return true;
}
bool ReadBlockFromDisk(CBlock& block, const FlatFilePos& pos, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams)
{
block.SetNull();
// Open history file to read
CAutoFile filein(OpenBlockFile(pos, true), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
if (filein.IsNull())
return error("ReadBlockFromDisk: OpenBlockFile failed for %s", pos.ToString());
// Read block
try {
filein >> block;
}
catch (const std::exception& e) {
return error("%s: Deserialize or I/O error - %s at %s", __func__, e.what(), pos.ToString());
}
// Check the header
if (!CheckProofOfWork(block.GetHash(), block.nBits, consensusParams))
return error("ReadBlockFromDisk: Errors in block header at %s", pos.ToString());
return true;
}
bool ReadBlockFromDisk(CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindex, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams)
{
FlatFilePos blockPos;
{
LOCK(cs_main);
blockPos = pindex->GetBlockPos();
}
if (!ReadBlockFromDisk(block, blockPos, consensusParams))
return false;
if (block.GetHash() != pindex->GetBlockHash())
return error("ReadBlockFromDisk(CBlock&, CBlockIndex*): GetHash() doesn't match index for %s at %s",
pindex->ToString(), pindex->GetBlockPos().ToString());
return true;
}
bool ReadRawBlockFromDisk(std::vector<uint8_t>& block, const FlatFilePos& pos, const CMessageHeader::MessageStartChars& message_start)
{
FlatFilePos hpos = pos;
hpos.nPos -= 8; // Seek back 8 bytes for meta header
CAutoFile filein(OpenBlockFile(hpos, true), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
if (filein.IsNull()) {
return error("%s: OpenBlockFile failed for %s", __func__, pos.ToString());
}
try {
CMessageHeader::MessageStartChars blk_start;
unsigned int blk_size;
filein >> blk_start >> blk_size;
if (memcmp(blk_start, message_start, CMessageHeader::MESSAGE_START_SIZE)) {
return error("%s: Block magic mismatch for %s: %s versus expected %s", __func__, pos.ToString(),
HexStr(blk_start, blk_start + CMessageHeader::MESSAGE_START_SIZE),
HexStr(message_start, message_start + CMessageHeader::MESSAGE_START_SIZE));
}
if (blk_size > MAX_SIZE) {
return error("%s: Block data is larger than maximum deserialization size for %s: %s versus %s", __func__, pos.ToString(),
blk_size, MAX_SIZE);
}
block.resize(blk_size); // Zeroing of memory is intentional here
filein.read((char*)block.data(), blk_size);
} catch(const std::exception& e) {
return error("%s: Read from block file failed: %s for %s", __func__, e.what(), pos.ToString());
}
return true;
}
bool ReadRawBlockFromDisk(std::vector<uint8_t>& block, const CBlockIndex* pindex, const CMessageHeader::MessageStartChars& message_start)
{
FlatFilePos block_pos;
{
LOCK(cs_main);
block_pos = pindex->GetBlockPos();
}
return ReadRawBlockFromDisk(block, block_pos, message_start);
}
CAmount GetBlockSubsidy(int nHeight, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams)
{
int halvings = nHeight / consensusParams.nSubsidyHalvingInterval;
// Force block reward to zero when right shift is undefined.
if (halvings >= 64)
return 0;
CAmount nSubsidy = 50 * COIN;
// Subsidy is cut in half every 210,000 blocks which will occur approximately every 4 years.
nSubsidy >>= halvings;
return nSubsidy;
}
CoinsViews::CoinsViews(
std::string ldb_name,
size_t cache_size_bytes,
bool in_memory,
bool should_wipe) : m_dbview(
GetDataDir() / ldb_name, cache_size_bytes, in_memory, should_wipe),
m_catcherview(&m_dbview) {}
void CoinsViews::InitCache()
{
m_cacheview = MakeUnique<CCoinsViewCache>(&m_catcherview);
}
CChainState::CChainState(BlockManager& blockman, uint256 from_snapshot_blockhash)
: m_blockman(blockman),
m_from_snapshot_blockhash(from_snapshot_blockhash) {}
void CChainState::InitCoinsDB(
size_t cache_size_bytes,
bool in_memory,
bool should_wipe,
std::string leveldb_name)
{
if (!m_from_snapshot_blockhash.IsNull()) {
leveldb_name += "_" + m_from_snapshot_blockhash.ToString();
}
m_coins_views = MakeUnique<CoinsViews>(
leveldb_name, cache_size_bytes, in_memory, should_wipe);
}
void CChainState::InitCoinsCache()
{
assert(m_coins_views != nullptr);
m_coins_views->InitCache();
}
// Note that though this is marked const, we may end up modifying `m_cached_finished_ibd`, which
// is a performance-related implementation detail. This function must be marked
// `const` so that `CValidationInterface` clients (which are given a `const CChainState*`)
// can call it.
//
bool CChainState::IsInitialBlockDownload() const
{
// Optimization: pre-test latch before taking the lock.
if (m_cached_finished_ibd.load(std::memory_order_relaxed))
return false;
LOCK(cs_main);
if (m_cached_finished_ibd.load(std::memory_order_relaxed))
return false;
if (fImporting || fReindex)
return true;
if (m_chain.Tip() == nullptr)
return true;
if (m_chain.Tip()->nChainWork < nMinimumChainWork)
return true;
if (m_chain.Tip()->GetBlockTime() < (GetTime() - nMaxTipAge))
return true;
LogPrintf("Leaving InitialBlockDownload (latching to false)\n");
m_cached_finished_ibd.store(true, std::memory_order_relaxed);
return false;
}
static CBlockIndex *pindexBestForkTip = nullptr, *pindexBestForkBase = nullptr;
BlockMap& BlockIndex()
{
LOCK(::cs_main);
return g_chainman.m_blockman.m_block_index;
}
static void AlertNotify(const std::string& strMessage)
{
uiInterface.NotifyAlertChanged();
#if HAVE_SYSTEM
std::string strCmd = gArgs.GetArg("-alertnotify", "");
if (strCmd.empty()) return;
// Alert text should be plain ascii coming from a trusted source, but to
// be safe we first strip anything not in safeChars, then add single quotes around
// the whole string before passing it to the shell:
std::string singleQuote("'");
std::string safeStatus = SanitizeString(strMessage);
safeStatus = singleQuote+safeStatus+singleQuote;
boost::replace_all(strCmd, "%s", safeStatus);
std::thread t(runCommand, strCmd);
t.detach(); // thread runs free
#endif
}
static void CheckForkWarningConditions() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main)
{
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
// Before we get past initial download, we cannot reliably alert about forks
// (we assume we don't get stuck on a fork before finishing our initial sync)
if (::ChainstateActive().IsInitialBlockDownload())
return;
// If our best fork is no longer within 72 blocks (+/- 12 hours if no one mines it)
// of our head, drop it
if (pindexBestForkTip && ::ChainActive().Height() - pindexBestForkTip->nHeight >= 72)
pindexBestForkTip = nullptr;
if (pindexBestForkTip || (pindexBestInvalid && pindexBestInvalid->nChainWork > ::ChainActive().Tip()->nChainWork + (GetBlockProof(*::ChainActive().Tip()) * 6)))
{
if (!GetfLargeWorkForkFound() && pindexBestForkBase)
{
std::string warning = std::string("'Warning: Large-work fork detected, forking after block ") +
pindexBestForkBase->phashBlock->ToString() + std::string("'");
AlertNotify(warning);
}
if (pindexBestForkTip && pindexBestForkBase)
{
LogPrintf("%s: Warning: Large valid fork found\n forking the chain at height %d (%s)\n lasting to height %d (%s).\nChain state database corruption likely.\n", __func__,
pindexBestForkBase->nHeight, pindexBestForkBase->phashBlock->ToString(),
pindexBestForkTip->nHeight, pindexBestForkTip->phashBlock->ToString());
SetfLargeWorkForkFound(true);
}
else
{
LogPrintf("%s: Warning: Found invalid chain at least ~6 blocks longer than our best chain.\nChain state database corruption likely.\n", __func__);
SetfLargeWorkInvalidChainFound(true);
}
}
else
{
SetfLargeWorkForkFound(false);
SetfLargeWorkInvalidChainFound(false);
}
}
static void CheckForkWarningConditionsOnNewFork(CBlockIndex* pindexNewForkTip) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main)
{
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
// If we are on a fork that is sufficiently large, set a warning flag
CBlockIndex* pfork = pindexNewForkTip;
CBlockIndex* plonger = ::ChainActive().Tip();
while (pfork && pfork != plonger)
{
while (plonger && plonger->nHeight > pfork->nHeight)
plonger = plonger->pprev;
if (pfork == plonger)
break;
pfork = pfork->pprev;
}
// We define a condition where we should warn the user about as a fork of at least 7 blocks
// with a tip within 72 blocks (+/- 12 hours if no one mines it) of ours
// We use 7 blocks rather arbitrarily as it represents just under 10% of sustained network
// hash rate operating on the fork.
// or a chain that is entirely longer than ours and invalid (note that this should be detected by both)
// We define it this way because it allows us to only store the highest fork tip (+ base) which meets
// the 7-block condition and from this always have the most-likely-to-cause-warning fork
if (pfork && (!pindexBestForkTip || pindexNewForkTip->nHeight > pindexBestForkTip->nHeight) &&
pindexNewForkTip->nChainWork - pfork->nChainWork > (GetBlockProof(*pfork) * 7) &&
::ChainActive().Height() - pindexNewForkTip->nHeight < 72)
{
pindexBestForkTip = pindexNewForkTip;
pindexBestForkBase = pfork;
}
CheckForkWarningConditions();
}
// Called both upon regular invalid block discovery *and* InvalidateBlock
void static InvalidChainFound(CBlockIndex* pindexNew) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main)
{
if (!pindexBestInvalid || pindexNew->nChainWork > pindexBestInvalid->nChainWork)
pindexBestInvalid = pindexNew;
if (pindexBestHeader != nullptr && pindexBestHeader->GetAncestor(pindexNew->nHeight) == pindexNew) {
pindexBestHeader = ::ChainActive().Tip();
}
LogPrintf("%s: invalid block=%s height=%d log2_work=%.8g date=%s\n", __func__,
pindexNew->GetBlockHash().ToString(), pindexNew->nHeight,
log(pindexNew->nChainWork.getdouble())/log(2.0), FormatISO8601DateTime(pindexNew->GetBlockTime()));
CBlockIndex *tip = ::ChainActive().Tip();
assert (tip);
LogPrintf("%s: current best=%s height=%d log2_work=%.8g date=%s\n", __func__,
tip->GetBlockHash().ToString(), ::ChainActive().Height(), log(tip->nChainWork.getdouble())/log(2.0),
FormatISO8601DateTime(tip->GetBlockTime()));
CheckForkWarningConditions();
}
// Same as InvalidChainFound, above, except not called directly from InvalidateBlock,
// which does its own setBlockIndexCandidates manageent.
void CChainState::InvalidBlockFound(CBlockIndex *pindex, const BlockValidationState &state) {
if (state.GetResult() != BlockValidationResult::BLOCK_MUTATED) {
pindex->nStatus |= BLOCK_FAILED_VALID;
m_blockman.m_failed_blocks.insert(pindex);
setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(pindex);
setBlockIndexCandidates.erase(pindex);
InvalidChainFound(pindex);
}
}
void UpdateCoins(const CTransaction& tx, CCoinsViewCache& inputs, CTxUndo &txundo, int nHeight)
{
// mark inputs spent
if (!tx.IsCoinBase()) {
txundo.vprevout.reserve(tx.vin.size());
for (const CTxIn &txin : tx.vin) {
txundo.vprevout.emplace_back();
bool is_spent = inputs.SpendCoin(txin.prevout, &txundo.vprevout.back());
assert(is_spent);
}
}
// add outputs
AddCoins(inputs, tx, nHeight);
}
void UpdateCoins(const CTransaction& tx, CCoinsViewCache& inputs, int nHeight)
{
CTxUndo txundo;
UpdateCoins(tx, inputs, txundo, nHeight);
}
bool CScriptCheck::operator()() {
const CScript &scriptSig = ptxTo->vin[nIn].scriptSig;
const CScriptWitness *witness = &ptxTo->vin[nIn].scriptWitness;
return VerifyScript(scriptSig, m_tx_out.scriptPubKey, witness, nFlags, CachingTransactionSignatureChecker(ptxTo, nIn, m_tx_out.nValue, cacheStore, *txdata), &error);
}
int GetSpendHeight(const CCoinsViewCache& inputs)
{
LOCK(cs_main);
CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = LookupBlockIndex(inputs.GetBestBlock());
return pindexPrev->nHeight + 1;
}
static CuckooCache::cache<uint256, SignatureCacheHasher> scriptExecutionCache;
static uint256 scriptExecutionCacheNonce(GetRandHash());
void InitScriptExecutionCache() {
// nMaxCacheSize is unsigned. If -maxsigcachesize is set to zero,
// setup_bytes creates the minimum possible cache (2 elements).
size_t nMaxCacheSize = std::min(std::max((int64_t)0, gArgs.GetArg("-maxsigcachesize", DEFAULT_MAX_SIG_CACHE_SIZE) / 2), MAX_MAX_SIG_CACHE_SIZE) * ((size_t) 1 << 20);
size_t nElems = scriptExecutionCache.setup_bytes(nMaxCacheSize);
LogPrintf("Using %zu MiB out of %zu/2 requested for script execution cache, able to store %zu elements\n",
(nElems*sizeof(uint256)) >>20, (nMaxCacheSize*2)>>20, nElems);
}
/**
* Check whether all of this transaction's input scripts succeed.
*
* This involves ECDSA signature checks so can be computationally intensive. This function should
* only be called after the cheap sanity checks in CheckTxInputs passed.
*
* If pvChecks is not nullptr, script checks are pushed onto it instead of being performed inline. Any
* script checks which are not necessary (eg due to script execution cache hits) are, obviously,
* not pushed onto pvChecks/run.
*
* Setting cacheSigStore/cacheFullScriptStore to false will remove elements from the corresponding cache
* which are matched. This is useful for checking blocks where we will likely never need the cache
* entry again.
*
* Note that we may set state.reason to NOT_STANDARD for extra soft-fork flags in flags, block-checking
* callers should probably reset it to CONSENSUS in such cases.
*
* Non-static (and re-declared) in src/test/txvalidationcache_tests.cpp
*/
bool CheckInputScripts(const CTransaction& tx, TxValidationState &state, const CCoinsViewCache &inputs, unsigned int flags, bool cacheSigStore, bool cacheFullScriptStore, PrecomputedTransactionData& txdata, std::vector<CScriptCheck> *pvChecks) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main)
{
if (tx.IsCoinBase()) return true;
if (pvChecks) {
pvChecks->reserve(tx.vin.size());
}
// First check if script executions have been cached with the same
// flags. Note that this assumes that the inputs provided are
// correct (ie that the transaction hash which is in tx's prevouts
// properly commits to the scriptPubKey in the inputs view of that
// transaction).
uint256 hashCacheEntry;
// We only use the first 19 bytes of nonce to avoid a second SHA
// round - giving us 19 + 32 + 4 = 55 bytes (+ 8 + 1 = 64)
static_assert(55 - sizeof(flags) - 32 >= 128/8, "Want at least 128 bits of nonce for script execution cache");
CSHA256().Write(scriptExecutionCacheNonce.begin(), 55 - sizeof(flags) - 32).Write(tx.GetWitnessHash().begin(), 32).Write((unsigned char*)&flags, sizeof(flags)).Finalize(hashCacheEntry.begin());
AssertLockHeld(cs_main); //TODO: Remove this requirement by making CuckooCache not require external locks
if (scriptExecutionCache.contains(hashCacheEntry, !cacheFullScriptStore)) {
return true;
}
if (!txdata.m_ready) {
txdata.Init(tx);
}
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++) {
const COutPoint &prevout = tx.vin[i].prevout;
const Coin& coin = inputs.AccessCoin(prevout);
assert(!coin.IsSpent());
// We very carefully only pass in things to CScriptCheck which
// are clearly committed to by tx' witness hash. This provides
// a sanity check that our caching is not introducing consensus
// failures through additional data in, eg, the coins being
// spent being checked as a part of CScriptCheck.
// Verify signature
CScriptCheck check(coin.out, tx, i, flags, cacheSigStore, &txdata);
if (pvChecks) {
pvChecks->push_back(CScriptCheck());
check.swap(pvChecks->back());
} else if (!check()) {
if (flags & STANDARD_NOT_MANDATORY_VERIFY_FLAGS) {
// Check whether the failure was caused by a
// non-mandatory script verification check, such as
// non-standard DER encodings or non-null dummy
// arguments; if so, ensure we return NOT_STANDARD
// instead of CONSENSUS to avoid downstream users
// splitting the network between upgraded and
// non-upgraded nodes by banning CONSENSUS-failing
// data providers.
CScriptCheck check2(coin.out, tx, i,
flags & ~STANDARD_NOT_MANDATORY_VERIFY_FLAGS, cacheSigStore, &txdata);
if (check2())
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_NOT_STANDARD, strprintf("non-mandatory-script-verify-flag (%s)", ScriptErrorString(check.GetScriptError())));
}
// MANDATORY flag failures correspond to
// TxValidationResult::TX_CONSENSUS. Because CONSENSUS
// failures are the most serious case of validation
// failures, we may need to consider using
// RECENT_CONSENSUS_CHANGE for any script failure that
// could be due to non-upgraded nodes which we may want to
// support, to avoid splitting the network (but this
// depends on the details of how net_processing handles
// such errors).
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_CONSENSUS, strprintf("mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (%s)", ScriptErrorString(check.GetScriptError())));
}
}
if (cacheFullScriptStore && !pvChecks) {
// We executed all of the provided scripts, and were told to
// cache the result. Do so now.
scriptExecutionCache.insert(hashCacheEntry);
}
return true;
}
static bool UndoWriteToDisk(const CBlockUndo& blockundo, FlatFilePos& pos, const uint256& hashBlock, const CMessageHeader::MessageStartChars& messageStart)
{
// Open history file to append
CAutoFile fileout(OpenUndoFile(pos), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
if (fileout.IsNull())
return error("%s: OpenUndoFile failed", __func__);
// Write index header
unsigned int nSize = GetSerializeSize(blockundo, fileout.GetVersion());
fileout << messageStart << nSize;
// Write undo data
long fileOutPos = ftell(fileout.Get());
if (fileOutPos < 0)
return error("%s: ftell failed", __func__);
pos.nPos = (unsigned int)fileOutPos;
fileout << blockundo;
// calculate & write checksum
CHashWriter hasher(SER_GETHASH, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
hasher << hashBlock;
hasher << blockundo;
fileout << hasher.GetHash();
return true;
}
bool UndoReadFromDisk(CBlockUndo& blockundo, const CBlockIndex* pindex)
{
FlatFilePos pos = pindex->GetUndoPos();
if (pos.IsNull()) {
return error("%s: no undo data available", __func__);
}
// Open history file to read
CAutoFile filein(OpenUndoFile(pos, true), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
if (filein.IsNull())
return error("%s: OpenUndoFile failed", __func__);
// Read block
uint256 hashChecksum;
CHashVerifier<CAutoFile> verifier(&filein); // We need a CHashVerifier as reserializing may lose data
try {
verifier << pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash();
verifier >> blockundo;
filein >> hashChecksum;
}
catch (const std::exception& e) {
return error("%s: Deserialize or I/O error - %s", __func__, e.what());
}
// Verify checksum
if (hashChecksum != verifier.GetHash())
return error("%s: Checksum mismatch", __func__);
return true;
}
/** Abort with a message */
static bool AbortNode(const std::string& strMessage, const std::string& userMessage = "", unsigned int prefix = 0)
{
SetMiscWarning(strMessage);
LogPrintf("*** %s\n", strMessage);
if (!userMessage.empty()) {
uiInterface.ThreadSafeMessageBox(userMessage, "", CClientUIInterface::MSG_ERROR | prefix);
} else {
uiInterface.ThreadSafeMessageBox(_("Error: A fatal internal error occurred, see debug.log for details").translated, "", CClientUIInterface::MSG_ERROR | CClientUIInterface::MSG_NOPREFIX);
}
StartShutdown();
return false;
}
static bool AbortNode(BlockValidationState& state, const std::string& strMessage, const std::string& userMessage = "", unsigned int prefix = 0)
{
AbortNode(strMessage, userMessage, prefix);
return state.Error(strMessage);
}
/**
* Restore the UTXO in a Coin at a given COutPoint
* @param undo The Coin to be restored.
* @param view The coins view to which to apply the changes.
* @param out The out point that corresponds to the tx input.
* @return A DisconnectResult as an int
*/
int ApplyTxInUndo(Coin&& undo, CCoinsViewCache& view, const COutPoint& out)
{
bool fClean = true;
if (view.HaveCoin(out)) fClean = false; // overwriting transaction output
if (undo.nHeight == 0) {
// Missing undo metadata (height and coinbase). Older versions included this
// information only in undo records for the last spend of a transactions'
// outputs. This implies that it must be present for some other output of the same tx.
const Coin& alternate = AccessByTxid(view, out.hash);
if (!alternate.IsSpent()) {
undo.nHeight = alternate.nHeight;
undo.fCoinBase = alternate.fCoinBase;
} else {
return DISCONNECT_FAILED; // adding output for transaction without known metadata
}
}
// If the coin already exists as an unspent coin in the cache, then the
// possible_overwrite parameter to AddCoin must be set to true. We have
// already checked whether an unspent coin exists above using HaveCoin, so
// we don't need to guess. When fClean is false, an unspent coin already
// existed and it is an overwrite.
view.AddCoin(out, std::move(undo), !fClean);
return fClean ? DISCONNECT_OK : DISCONNECT_UNCLEAN;
}
/** Undo the effects of this block (with given index) on the UTXO set represented by coins.
* When FAILED is returned, view is left in an indeterminate state. */
DisconnectResult CChainState::DisconnectBlock(const CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindex, CCoinsViewCache& view)
{
bool fClean = true;
CBlockUndo blockUndo;
if (!UndoReadFromDisk(blockUndo, pindex)) {
error("DisconnectBlock(): failure reading undo data");
return DISCONNECT_FAILED;
}
if (blockUndo.vtxundo.size() + 1 != block.vtx.size()) {
error("DisconnectBlock(): block and undo data inconsistent");
return DISCONNECT_FAILED;
}
// undo transactions in reverse order
for (int i = block.vtx.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
const CTransaction &tx = *(block.vtx[i]);
uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
bool is_coinbase = tx.IsCoinBase();
// Check that all outputs are available and match the outputs in the block itself
// exactly.
for (size_t o = 0; o < tx.vout.size(); o++) {
if (!tx.vout[o].scriptPubKey.IsUnspendable()) {
COutPoint out(hash, o);
Coin coin;
bool is_spent = view.SpendCoin(out, &coin);
if (!is_spent || tx.vout[o] != coin.out || pindex->nHeight != coin.nHeight || is_coinbase != coin.fCoinBase) {
fClean = false; // transaction output mismatch
}
}
}
// restore inputs
if (i > 0) { // not coinbases
CTxUndo &txundo = blockUndo.vtxundo[i-1];
if (txundo.vprevout.size() != tx.vin.size()) {
error("DisconnectBlock(): transaction and undo data inconsistent");
return DISCONNECT_FAILED;
}
for (unsigned int j = tx.vin.size(); j-- > 0;) {
const COutPoint &out = tx.vin[j].prevout;
int res = ApplyTxInUndo(std::move(txundo.vprevout[j]), view, out);
if (res == DISCONNECT_FAILED) return DISCONNECT_FAILED;
fClean = fClean && res != DISCONNECT_UNCLEAN;
}
// At this point, all of txundo.vprevout should have been moved out.
}
}
// move best block pointer to prevout block
view.SetBestBlock(pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash());
return fClean ? DISCONNECT_OK : DISCONNECT_UNCLEAN;
}
void static FlushBlockFile(bool fFinalize = false)
{
LOCK(cs_LastBlockFile);
FlatFilePos block_pos_old(nLastBlockFile, vinfoBlockFile[nLastBlockFile].nSize);
FlatFilePos undo_pos_old(nLastBlockFile, vinfoBlockFile[nLastBlockFile].nUndoSize);
bool status = true;
status &= BlockFileSeq().Flush(block_pos_old, fFinalize);
status &= UndoFileSeq().Flush(undo_pos_old, fFinalize);
if (!status) {
AbortNode("Flushing block file to disk failed. This is likely the result of an I/O error.");
}
}
static bool FindUndoPos(BlockValidationState &state, int nFile, FlatFilePos &pos, unsigned int nAddSize);
static bool WriteUndoDataForBlock(const CBlockUndo& blockundo, BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex, const CChainParams& chainparams)
{
// Write undo information to disk
if (pindex->GetUndoPos().IsNull()) {
FlatFilePos _pos;
if (!FindUndoPos(state, pindex->nFile, _pos, ::GetSerializeSize(blockundo, CLIENT_VERSION) + 40))
return error("ConnectBlock(): FindUndoPos failed");
if (!UndoWriteToDisk(blockundo, _pos, pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash(), chainparams.MessageStart()))
return AbortNode(state, "Failed to write undo data");
// update nUndoPos in block index
pindex->nUndoPos = _pos.nPos;
pindex->nStatus |= BLOCK_HAVE_UNDO;
setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(pindex);
}
return true;
}
static CCheckQueue<CScriptCheck> scriptcheckqueue(128);
void ThreadScriptCheck(int worker_num) {
util::ThreadRename(strprintf("scriptch.%i", worker_num));
scriptcheckqueue.Thread();
}
VersionBitsCache versionbitscache GUARDED_BY(cs_main);
int32_t ComputeBlockVersion(const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, const Consensus::Params& params)
{
LOCK(cs_main);
int32_t nVersion = VERSIONBITS_TOP_BITS;
for (int i = 0; i < (int)Consensus::MAX_VERSION_BITS_DEPLOYMENTS; i++) {
ThresholdState state = VersionBitsState(pindexPrev, params, static_cast<Consensus::DeploymentPos>(i), versionbitscache);
if (state == ThresholdState::LOCKED_IN || state == ThresholdState::STARTED) {
nVersion |= VersionBitsMask(params, static_cast<Consensus::DeploymentPos>(i));
}
}
return nVersion;
}
/**
* Threshold condition checker that triggers when unknown versionbits are seen on the network.
*/
class WarningBitsConditionChecker : public AbstractThresholdConditionChecker
{
private:
int bit;
public:
explicit WarningBitsConditionChecker(int bitIn) : bit(bitIn) {}
int64_t BeginTime(const Consensus::Params& params) const override { return 0; }
int64_t EndTime(const Consensus::Params& params) const override { return std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max(); }
int Period(const Consensus::Params& params) const override { return params.nMinerConfirmationWindow; }
int Threshold(const Consensus::Params& params) const override { return params.nRuleChangeActivationThreshold; }
bool Condition(const CBlockIndex* pindex, const Consensus::Params& params) const override
{
return pindex->nHeight >= params.MinBIP9WarningHeight &&
((pindex->nVersion & VERSIONBITS_TOP_MASK) == VERSIONBITS_TOP_BITS) &&
((pindex->nVersion >> bit) & 1) != 0 &&
((ComputeBlockVersion(pindex->pprev, params) >> bit) & 1) == 0;
}
};
static ThresholdConditionCache warningcache[VERSIONBITS_NUM_BITS] GUARDED_BY(cs_main);
// 0.13.0 was shipped with a segwit deployment defined for testnet, but not for
// mainnet. We no longer need to support disabling the segwit deployment
// except for testing purposes, due to limitations of the functional test
// environment. See test/functional/p2p-segwit.py.
static bool IsScriptWitnessEnabled(const Consensus::Params& params)
{
return params.SegwitHeight != std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
}
static unsigned int GetBlockScriptFlags(const CBlockIndex* pindex, const Consensus::Params& consensusparams) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main) {
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
unsigned int flags = SCRIPT_VERIFY_NONE;
// BIP16 didn't become active until Apr 1 2012 (on mainnet, and
// retroactively applied to testnet)
// However, only one historical block violated the P2SH rules (on both
// mainnet and testnet), so for simplicity, always leave P2SH
// on except for the one violating block.
if (consensusparams.BIP16Exception.IsNull() || // no bip16 exception on this chain
pindex->phashBlock == nullptr || // this is a new candidate block, eg from TestBlockValidity()
*pindex->phashBlock != consensusparams.BIP16Exception) // this block isn't the historical exception
{
flags |= SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH;
}
// Enforce WITNESS rules whenever P2SH is in effect (and the segwit
// deployment is defined).
if (flags & SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH && IsScriptWitnessEnabled(consensusparams)) {
flags |= SCRIPT_VERIFY_WITNESS;
}
// Start enforcing the DERSIG (BIP66) rule
if (pindex->nHeight >= consensusparams.BIP66Height) {
flags |= SCRIPT_VERIFY_DERSIG;
}
// Start enforcing CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY (BIP65) rule
if (pindex->nHeight >= consensusparams.BIP65Height) {
flags |= SCRIPT_VERIFY_CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY;
}
// Start enforcing BIP112 (CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY)
if (pindex->nHeight >= consensusparams.CSVHeight) {
flags |= SCRIPT_VERIFY_CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY;
}
// Start enforcing BIP147 NULLDUMMY (activated simultaneously with segwit)
if (IsWitnessEnabled(pindex->pprev, consensusparams)) {
flags |= SCRIPT_VERIFY_NULLDUMMY;
}
return flags;
}
static int64_t nTimeCheck = 0;
static int64_t nTimeForks = 0;
static int64_t nTimeVerify = 0;
static int64_t nTimeConnect = 0;
static int64_t nTimeIndex = 0;
static int64_t nTimeCallbacks = 0;
static int64_t nTimeTotal = 0;
static int64_t nBlocksTotal = 0;
/** Apply the effects of this block (with given index) on the UTXO set represented by coins.
* Validity checks that depend on the UTXO set are also done; ConnectBlock()
* can fail if those validity checks fail (among other reasons). */
bool CChainState::ConnectBlock(const CBlock& block, BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex,
CCoinsViewCache& view, const CChainParams& chainparams, bool fJustCheck)
{
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
assert(pindex);
assert(*pindex->phashBlock == block.GetHash());
int64_t nTimeStart = GetTimeMicros();
// Check it again in case a previous version let a bad block in
// NOTE: We don't currently (re-)invoke ContextualCheckBlock() or
// ContextualCheckBlockHeader() here. This means that if we add a new
// consensus rule that is enforced in one of those two functions, then we
// may have let in a block that violates the rule prior to updating the
// software, and we would NOT be enforcing the rule here. Fully solving
// upgrade from one software version to the next after a consensus rule
// change is potentially tricky and issue-specific (see RewindBlockIndex()
// for one general approach that was used for BIP 141 deployment).
// Also, currently the rule against blocks more than 2 hours in the future
// is enforced in ContextualCheckBlockHeader(); we wouldn't want to
// re-enforce that rule here (at least until we make it impossible for
// GetAdjustedTime() to go backward).
if (!CheckBlock(block, state, chainparams.GetConsensus(), !fJustCheck, !fJustCheck)) {
if (state.GetResult() == BlockValidationResult::BLOCK_MUTATED) {
// We don't write down blocks to disk if they may have been
// corrupted, so this should be impossible unless we're having hardware
// problems.
return AbortNode(state, "Corrupt block found indicating potential hardware failure; shutting down");
}
return error("%s: Consensus::CheckBlock: %s", __func__, state.ToString());
}
// verify that the view's current state corresponds to the previous block
uint256 hashPrevBlock = pindex->pprev == nullptr ? uint256() : pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash();
assert(hashPrevBlock == view.GetBestBlock());
nBlocksTotal++;
// Special case for the genesis block, skipping connection of its transactions
// (its coinbase is unspendable)
if (block.GetHash() == chainparams.GetConsensus().hashGenesisBlock) {
if (!fJustCheck)
view.SetBestBlock(pindex->GetBlockHash());
return true;
}
bool fScriptChecks = true;
if (!hashAssumeValid.IsNull()) {
// We've been configured with the hash of a block which has been externally verified to have a valid history.
// A suitable default value is included with the software and updated from time to time. Because validity
// relative to a piece of software is an objective fact these defaults can be easily reviewed.
// This setting doesn't force the selection of any particular chain but makes validating some faster by
// effectively caching the result of part of the verification.
BlockMap::const_iterator it = m_blockman.m_block_index.find(hashAssumeValid);
if (it != m_blockman.m_block_index.end()) {
if (it->second->GetAncestor(pindex->nHeight) == pindex &&
pindexBestHeader->GetAncestor(pindex->nHeight) == pindex &&
pindexBestHeader->nChainWork >= nMinimumChainWork) {
// This block is a member of the assumed verified chain and an ancestor of the best header.
// Script verification is skipped when connecting blocks under the
// assumevalid block. Assuming the assumevalid block is valid this
// is safe because block merkle hashes are still computed and checked,
// Of course, if an assumed valid block is invalid due to false scriptSigs
// this optimization would allow an invalid chain to be accepted.
// The equivalent time check discourages hash power from extorting the network via DOS attack
// into accepting an invalid block through telling users they must manually set assumevalid.
// Requiring a software change or burying the invalid block, regardless of the setting, makes
// it hard to hide the implication of the demand. This also avoids having release candidates
// that are hardly doing any signature verification at all in testing without having to
// artificially set the default assumed verified block further back.
// The test against nMinimumChainWork prevents the skipping when denied access to any chain at
// least as good as the expected chain.
fScriptChecks = (GetBlockProofEquivalentTime(*pindexBestHeader, *pindex, *pindexBestHeader, chainparams.GetConsensus()) <= 60 * 60 * 24 * 7 * 2);
}
}
}
int64_t nTime1 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeCheck += nTime1 - nTimeStart;
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, " - Sanity checks: %.2fms [%.2fs (%.2fms/blk)]\n", MILLI * (nTime1 - nTimeStart), nTimeCheck * MICRO, nTimeCheck * MILLI / nBlocksTotal);
// Do not allow blocks that contain transactions which 'overwrite' older transactions,
// unless those are already completely spent.
// If such overwrites are allowed, coinbases and transactions depending upon those
// can be duplicated to remove the ability to spend the first instance -- even after
// being sent to another address.
// See BIP30, CVE-2012-1909, and http://r6.ca/blog/20120206T005236Z.html for more information.
// This logic is not necessary for memory pool transactions, as AcceptToMemoryPool
// already refuses previously-known transaction ids entirely.
// This rule was originally applied to all blocks with a timestamp after March 15, 2012, 0:00 UTC.
// Now that the whole chain is irreversibly beyond that time it is applied to all blocks except the
// two in the chain that violate it. This prevents exploiting the issue against nodes during their
// initial block download.
bool fEnforceBIP30 = !((pindex->nHeight==91842 && pindex->GetBlockHash() == uint256S("0x00000000000a4d0a398161ffc163c503763b1f4360639393e0e4c8e300e0caec")) ||
(pindex->nHeight==91880 && pindex->GetBlockHash() == uint256S("0x00000000000743f190a18c5577a3c2d2a1f610ae9601ac046a38084ccb7cd721")));
// Once BIP34 activated it was not possible to create new duplicate coinbases and thus other than starting
// with the 2 existing duplicate coinbase pairs, not possible to create overwriting txs. But by the
// time BIP34 activated, in each of the existing pairs the duplicate coinbase had overwritten the first
// before the first had been spent. Since those coinbases are sufficiently buried it's no longer possible to create further
// duplicate transactions descending from the known pairs either.
// If we're on the known chain at height greater than where BIP34 activated, we can save the db accesses needed for the BIP30 check.
// BIP34 requires that a block at height X (block X) has its coinbase
// scriptSig start with a CScriptNum of X (indicated height X). The above
// logic of no longer requiring BIP30 once BIP34 activates is flawed in the
// case that there is a block X before the BIP34 height of 227,931 which has
// an indicated height Y where Y is greater than X. The coinbase for block
// X would also be a valid coinbase for block Y, which could be a BIP30
// violation. An exhaustive search of all mainnet coinbases before the
// BIP34 height which have an indicated height greater than the block height
// reveals many occurrences. The 3 lowest indicated heights found are
// 209,921, 490,897, and 1,983,702 and thus coinbases for blocks at these 3
// heights would be the first opportunity for BIP30 to be violated.
// The search reveals a great many blocks which have an indicated height
// greater than 1,983,702, so we simply remove the optimization to skip
// BIP30 checking for blocks at height 1,983,702 or higher. Before we reach
// that block in another 25 years or so, we should take advantage of a
// future consensus change to do a new and improved version of BIP34 that
// will actually prevent ever creating any duplicate coinbases in the
// future.
static constexpr int BIP34_IMPLIES_BIP30_LIMIT = 1983702;
// There is no potential to create a duplicate coinbase at block 209,921
// because this is still before the BIP34 height and so explicit BIP30
// checking is still active.
// The final case is block 176,684 which has an indicated height of
// 490,897. Unfortunately, this issue was not discovered until about 2 weeks
// before block 490,897 so there was not much opportunity to address this
// case other than to carefully analyze it and determine it would not be a
// problem. Block 490,897 was, in fact, mined with a different coinbase than
// block 176,684, but it is important to note that even if it hadn't been or
// is remined on an alternate fork with a duplicate coinbase, we would still
// not run into a BIP30 violation. This is because the coinbase for 176,684
// is spent in block 185,956 in transaction
// d4f7fbbf92f4a3014a230b2dc70b8058d02eb36ac06b4a0736d9d60eaa9e8781. This
// spending transaction can't be duplicated because it also spends coinbase
// 0328dd85c331237f18e781d692c92de57649529bd5edf1d01036daea32ffde29. This
// coinbase has an indicated height of over 4.2 billion, and wouldn't be
// duplicatable until that height, and it's currently impossible to create a
// chain that long. Nevertheless we may wish to consider a future soft fork
// which retroactively prevents block 490,897 from creating a duplicate
// coinbase. The two historical BIP30 violations often provide a confusing
// edge case when manipulating the UTXO and it would be simpler not to have
// another edge case to deal with.
// testnet3 has no blocks before the BIP34 height with indicated heights
// post BIP34 before approximately height 486,000,000 and presumably will
// be reset before it reaches block 1,983,702 and starts doing unnecessary
// BIP30 checking again.
assert(pindex->pprev);
CBlockIndex *pindexBIP34height = pindex->pprev->GetAncestor(chainparams.GetConsensus().BIP34Height);
//Only continue to enforce if we're below BIP34 activation height or the block hash at that height doesn't correspond.
fEnforceBIP30 = fEnforceBIP30 && (!pindexBIP34height || !(pindexBIP34height->GetBlockHash() == chainparams.GetConsensus().BIP34Hash));
// TODO: Remove BIP30 checking from block height 1,983,702 on, once we have a
// consensus change that ensures coinbases at those heights can not
// duplicate earlier coinbases.
if (fEnforceBIP30 || pindex->nHeight >= BIP34_IMPLIES_BIP30_LIMIT) {
for (const auto& tx : block.vtx) {
for (size_t o = 0; o < tx->vout.size(); o++) {
if (view.HaveCoin(COutPoint(tx->GetHash(), o))) {
LogPrintf("ERROR: ConnectBlock(): tried to overwrite transaction\n");
return state.Invalid(BlockValidationResult::BLOCK_CONSENSUS, "bad-txns-BIP30");
}
}
}
}
// Start enforcing BIP68 (sequence locks)
int nLockTimeFlags = 0;
if (pindex->nHeight >= chainparams.GetConsensus().CSVHeight) {
nLockTimeFlags |= LOCKTIME_VERIFY_SEQUENCE;
}
// Get the script flags for this block
unsigned int flags = GetBlockScriptFlags(pindex, chainparams.GetConsensus());
int64_t nTime2 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeForks += nTime2 - nTime1;
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, " - Fork checks: %.2fms [%.2fs (%.2fms/blk)]\n", MILLI * (nTime2 - nTime1), nTimeForks * MICRO, nTimeForks * MILLI / nBlocksTotal);
CBlockUndo blockundo;
// Precomputed transaction data pointers must not be invalidated
// until after `control` has run the script checks (potentially
// in multiple threads). Preallocate the vector size so a new allocation
// doesn't invalidate pointers into the vector, and keep txsdata in scope
// for as long as `control`.
CCheckQueueControl<CScriptCheck> control(fScriptChecks && g_parallel_script_checks ? &scriptcheckqueue : nullptr);
std::vector<PrecomputedTransactionData> txsdata(block.vtx.size());
std::vector<int> prevheights;
CAmount nFees = 0;
int nInputs = 0;
int64_t nSigOpsCost = 0;
blockundo.vtxundo.reserve(block.vtx.size() - 1);
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < block.vtx.size(); i++)
{
const CTransaction &tx = *(block.vtx[i]);
nInputs += tx.vin.size();
if (!tx.IsCoinBase())
{
CAmount txfee = 0;
TxValidationState tx_state;
if (!Consensus::CheckTxInputs(tx, tx_state, view, pindex->nHeight, txfee)) {
// Any transaction validation failure in ConnectBlock is a block consensus failure
state.Invalid(BlockValidationResult::BLOCK_CONSENSUS,
tx_state.GetRejectReason(), tx_state.GetDebugMessage());
return error("%s: Consensus::CheckTxInputs: %s, %s", __func__, tx.GetHash().ToString(), state.ToString());
}
nFees += txfee;
if (!MoneyRange(nFees)) {
LogPrintf("ERROR: %s: accumulated fee in the block out of range.\n", __func__);
return state.Invalid(BlockValidationResult::BLOCK_CONSENSUS, "bad-txns-accumulated-fee-outofrange");
}
// Check that transaction is BIP68 final
// BIP68 lock checks (as opposed to nLockTime checks) must
// be in ConnectBlock because they require the UTXO set
prevheights.resize(tx.vin.size());
for (size_t j = 0; j < tx.vin.size(); j++) {
prevheights[j] = view.AccessCoin(tx.vin[j].prevout).nHeight;
}
if (!SequenceLocks(tx, nLockTimeFlags, &prevheights, *pindex)) {
LogPrintf("ERROR: %s: contains a non-BIP68-final transaction\n", __func__);
return state.Invalid(BlockValidationResult::BLOCK_CONSENSUS, "bad-txns-nonfinal");
}
}
// GetTransactionSigOpCost counts 3 types of sigops:
// * legacy (always)
// * p2sh (when P2SH enabled in flags and excludes coinbase)
// * witness (when witness enabled in flags and excludes coinbase)
nSigOpsCost += GetTransactionSigOpCost(tx, view, flags);
if (nSigOpsCost > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS_COST) {
LogPrintf("ERROR: ConnectBlock(): too many sigops\n");
return state.Invalid(BlockValidationResult::BLOCK_CONSENSUS, "bad-blk-sigops");
}
if (!tx.IsCoinBase())
{
std::vector<CScriptCheck> vChecks;
bool fCacheResults = fJustCheck; /* Don't cache results if we're actually connecting blocks (still consult the cache, though) */
TxValidationState tx_state;
if (fScriptChecks && !CheckInputScripts(tx, tx_state, view, flags, fCacheResults, fCacheResults, txsdata[i], g_parallel_script_checks ? &vChecks : nullptr)) {
// Any transaction validation failure in ConnectBlock is a block consensus failure
state.Invalid(BlockValidationResult::BLOCK_CONSENSUS,
tx_state.GetRejectReason(), tx_state.GetDebugMessage());
return error("ConnectBlock(): CheckInputScripts on %s failed with %s",
tx.GetHash().ToString(), state.ToString());
}
control.Add(vChecks);
}
CTxUndo undoDummy;
if (i > 0) {
blockundo.vtxundo.push_back(CTxUndo());
}
UpdateCoins(tx, view, i == 0 ? undoDummy : blockundo.vtxundo.back(), pindex->nHeight);
}
int64_t nTime3 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeConnect += nTime3 - nTime2;
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, " - Connect %u transactions: %.2fms (%.3fms/tx, %.3fms/txin) [%.2fs (%.2fms/blk)]\n", (unsigned)block.vtx.size(), MILLI * (nTime3 - nTime2), MILLI * (nTime3 - nTime2) / block.vtx.size(), nInputs <= 1 ? 0 : MILLI * (nTime3 - nTime2) / (nInputs-1), nTimeConnect * MICRO, nTimeConnect * MILLI / nBlocksTotal);
CAmount blockReward = nFees + GetBlockSubsidy(pindex->nHeight, chainparams.GetConsensus());
if (block.vtx[0]->GetValueOut() > blockReward) {
LogPrintf("ERROR: ConnectBlock(): coinbase pays too much (actual=%d vs limit=%d)\n", block.vtx[0]->GetValueOut(), blockReward);
return state.Invalid(BlockValidationResult::BLOCK_CONSENSUS, "bad-cb-amount");
}
if (!control.Wait()) {
LogPrintf("ERROR: %s: CheckQueue failed\n", __func__);
return state.Invalid(BlockValidationResult::BLOCK_CONSENSUS, "block-validation-failed");
}
int64_t nTime4 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeVerify += nTime4 - nTime2;
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, " - Verify %u txins: %.2fms (%.3fms/txin) [%.2fs (%.2fms/blk)]\n", nInputs - 1, MILLI * (nTime4 - nTime2), nInputs <= 1 ? 0 : MILLI * (nTime4 - nTime2) / (nInputs-1), nTimeVerify * MICRO, nTimeVerify * MILLI / nBlocksTotal);
if (fJustCheck)
return true;
if (!WriteUndoDataForBlock(blockundo, state, pindex, chainparams))
return false;
if (!pindex->IsValid(BLOCK_VALID_SCRIPTS)) {
pindex->RaiseValidity(BLOCK_VALID_SCRIPTS);
setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(pindex);
}
assert(pindex->phashBlock);
// add this block to the view's block chain
view.SetBestBlock(pindex->GetBlockHash());
int64_t nTime5 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeIndex += nTime5 - nTime4;
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, " - Index writing: %.2fms [%.2fs (%.2fms/blk)]\n", MILLI * (nTime5 - nTime4), nTimeIndex * MICRO, nTimeIndex * MILLI / nBlocksTotal);
int64_t nTime6 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeCallbacks += nTime6 - nTime5;
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, " - Callbacks: %.2fms [%.2fs (%.2fms/blk)]\n", MILLI * (nTime6 - nTime5), nTimeCallbacks * MICRO, nTimeCallbacks * MILLI / nBlocksTotal);
return true;
}
CoinsCacheSizeState CChainState::GetCoinsCacheSizeState(const CTxMemPool& tx_pool)
{
return this->GetCoinsCacheSizeState(
tx_pool,
nCoinCacheUsage,
gArgs.GetArg("-maxmempool", DEFAULT_MAX_MEMPOOL_SIZE) * 1000000);
}
CoinsCacheSizeState CChainState::GetCoinsCacheSizeState(
const CTxMemPool& tx_pool,
size_t max_coins_cache_size_bytes,
size_t max_mempool_size_bytes)
{
int64_t nMempoolUsage = tx_pool.DynamicMemoryUsage();
int64_t cacheSize = CoinsTip().DynamicMemoryUsage();
int64_t nTotalSpace =
max_coins_cache_size_bytes + std::max<int64_t>(max_mempool_size_bytes - nMempoolUsage, 0);
//! No need to periodic flush if at least this much space still available.
static constexpr int64_t MAX_BLOCK_COINSDB_USAGE_BYTES = 10 * 1024 * 1024; // 10MB
int64_t large_threshold =
std::max((9 * nTotalSpace) / 10, nTotalSpace - MAX_BLOCK_COINSDB_USAGE_BYTES);
if (cacheSize > nTotalSpace) {
LogPrintf("Cache size (%s) exceeds total space (%s)\n", cacheSize, nTotalSpace);
return CoinsCacheSizeState::CRITICAL;
} else if (cacheSize > large_threshold) {
return CoinsCacheSizeState::LARGE;
}
return CoinsCacheSizeState::OK;
}
bool CChainState::FlushStateToDisk(
const CChainParams& chainparams,
BlockValidationState &state,
FlushStateMode mode,
int nManualPruneHeight)
{
LOCK(cs_main);
assert(this->CanFlushToDisk());
static int64_t nLastWrite = 0;
static int64_t nLastFlush = 0;
std::set<int> setFilesToPrune;
bool full_flush_completed = false;
const size_t coins_count = CoinsTip().GetCacheSize();
const size_t coins_mem_usage = CoinsTip().DynamicMemoryUsage();
try {
{
bool fFlushForPrune = false;
bool fDoFullFlush = false;
CoinsCacheSizeState cache_state = GetCoinsCacheSizeState(::mempool);
LOCK(cs_LastBlockFile);
if (fPruneMode && (fCheckForPruning || nManualPruneHeight > 0) && !fReindex) {
if (nManualPruneHeight > 0) {
LOG_TIME_MILLIS("find files to prune (manual)", BCLog::BENCH);
FindFilesToPruneManual(setFilesToPrune, nManualPruneHeight);
} else {
LOG_TIME_MILLIS("find files to prune", BCLog::BENCH);
FindFilesToPrune(setFilesToPrune, chainparams.PruneAfterHeight());
fCheckForPruning = false;
}
if (!setFilesToPrune.empty()) {
fFlushForPrune = true;
if (!fHavePruned) {
pblocktree->WriteFlag("prunedblockfiles", true);
fHavePruned = true;
}
}
}
int64_t nNow = GetTimeMicros();
// Avoid writing/flushing immediately after startup.
if (nLastWrite == 0) {
nLastWrite = nNow;
}
if (nLastFlush == 0) {
nLastFlush = nNow;
}
// The cache is large and we're within 10% and 10 MiB of the limit, but we have time now (not in the middle of a block processing).
bool fCacheLarge = mode == FlushStateMode::PERIODIC && cache_state >= CoinsCacheSizeState::LARGE;
// The cache is over the limit, we have to write now.
bool fCacheCritical = mode == FlushStateMode::IF_NEEDED && cache_state >= CoinsCacheSizeState::CRITICAL;
// It's been a while since we wrote the block index to disk. Do this frequently, so we don't need to redownload after a crash.
bool fPeriodicWrite = mode == FlushStateMode::PERIODIC && nNow > nLastWrite + (int64_t)DATABASE_WRITE_INTERVAL * 1000000;
// It's been very long since we flushed the cache. Do this infrequently, to optimize cache usage.
bool fPeriodicFlush = mode == FlushStateMode::PERIODIC && nNow > nLastFlush + (int64_t)DATABASE_FLUSH_INTERVAL * 1000000;
// Combine all conditions that result in a full cache flush.
fDoFullFlush = (mode == FlushStateMode::ALWAYS) || fCacheLarge || fCacheCritical || fPeriodicFlush || fFlushForPrune;
// Write blocks and block index to disk.
if (fDoFullFlush || fPeriodicWrite) {
// Depend on nMinDiskSpace to ensure we can write block index
if (!CheckDiskSpace(GetBlocksDir())) {
return AbortNode(state, "Disk space is too low!", _("Error: Disk space is too low!").translated, CClientUIInterface::MSG_NOPREFIX);
}
{
LOG_TIME_MILLIS("write block and undo data to disk", BCLog::BENCH);
// First make sure all block and undo data is flushed to disk.
FlushBlockFile();
}
// Then update all block file information (which may refer to block and undo files).
{
LOG_TIME_MILLIS("write block index to disk", BCLog::BENCH);
std::vector<std::pair<int, const CBlockFileInfo*> > vFiles;
vFiles.reserve(setDirtyFileInfo.size());
for (std::set<int>::iterator it = setDirtyFileInfo.begin(); it != setDirtyFileInfo.end(); ) {
vFiles.push_back(std::make_pair(*it, &vinfoBlockFile[*it]));
setDirtyFileInfo.erase(it++);
}
std::vector<const CBlockIndex*> vBlocks;
vBlocks.reserve(setDirtyBlockIndex.size());
for (std::set<CBlockIndex*>::iterator it = setDirtyBlockIndex.begin(); it != setDirtyBlockIndex.end(); ) {
vBlocks.push_back(*it);
setDirtyBlockIndex.erase(it++);
}
if (!pblocktree->WriteBatchSync(vFiles, nLastBlockFile, vBlocks)) {
return AbortNode(state, "Failed to write to block index database");
}
}
// Finally remove any pruned files
if (fFlushForPrune) {
LOG_TIME_MILLIS("unlink pruned files", BCLog::BENCH);
UnlinkPrunedFiles(setFilesToPrune);
}
nLastWrite = nNow;
}
// Flush best chain related state. This can only be done if the blocks / block index write was also done.
if (fDoFullFlush && !CoinsTip().GetBestBlock().IsNull()) {
LOG_TIME_SECONDS(strprintf("write coins cache to disk (%d coins, %.2fkB)",
coins_count, coins_mem_usage / 1000));
// Typical Coin structures on disk are around 48 bytes in size.
// Pushing a new one to the database can cause it to be written
// twice (once in the log, and once in the tables). This is already
// an overestimation, as most will delete an existing entry or
// overwrite one. Still, use a conservative safety factor of 2.
if (!CheckDiskSpace(GetDataDir(), 48 * 2 * 2 * CoinsTip().GetCacheSize())) {
return AbortNode(state, "Disk space is too low!", _("Error: Disk space is too low!").translated, CClientUIInterface::MSG_NOPREFIX);
}
// Flush the chainstate (which may refer to block index entries).
if (!CoinsTip().Flush())
return AbortNode(state, "Failed to write to coin database");
nLastFlush = nNow;
full_flush_completed = true;
}
}
if (full_flush_completed) {
// Update best block in wallet (so we can detect restored wallets).
GetMainSignals().ChainStateFlushed(m_chain.GetLocator());
}
} catch (const std::runtime_error& e) {
return AbortNode(state, std::string("System error while flushing: ") + e.what());
}
return true;
}
void CChainState::ForceFlushStateToDisk() {
BlockValidationState state;
const CChainParams& chainparams = Params();
if (!this->FlushStateToDisk(chainparams, state, FlushStateMode::ALWAYS)) {
LogPrintf("%s: failed to flush state (%s)\n", __func__, state.ToString());
}
}
void CChainState::PruneAndFlush() {
BlockValidationState state;
fCheckForPruning = true;
const CChainParams& chainparams = Params();
if (!this->FlushStateToDisk(chainparams, state, FlushStateMode::NONE)) {
LogPrintf("%s: failed to flush state (%s)\n", __func__, state.ToString());
}
}
static void DoWarning(const std::string& strWarning)
{
static bool fWarned = false;
SetMiscWarning(strWarning);
if (!fWarned) {
AlertNotify(strWarning);
fWarned = true;
}
}
/** Private helper function that concatenates warning messages. */
static void AppendWarning(std::string& res, const std::string& warn)
{
if (!res.empty()) res += ", ";
res += warn;
}
/** Check warning conditions and do some notifications on new chain tip set. */
void static UpdateTip(const CBlockIndex* pindexNew, const CChainParams& chainParams)
EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
{
// New best block
mempool.AddTransactionsUpdated(1);
{
LOCK(g_best_block_mutex);
g_best_block = pindexNew->GetBlockHash();
g_best_block_cv.notify_all();
}
std::string warningMessages;
if (!::ChainstateActive().IsInitialBlockDownload())
{
int nUpgraded = 0;
const CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexNew;
for (int bit = 0; bit < VERSIONBITS_NUM_BITS; bit++) {
WarningBitsConditionChecker checker(bit);
ThresholdState state = checker.GetStateFor(pindex, chainParams.GetConsensus(), warningcache[bit]);
if (state == ThresholdState::ACTIVE || state == ThresholdState::LOCKED_IN) {
const std::string strWarning = strprintf(_("Warning: unknown new rules activated (versionbit %i)").translated, bit);
if (state == ThresholdState::ACTIVE) {
DoWarning(strWarning);
} else {
AppendWarning(warningMessages, strWarning);
}
}
}
// Check the version of the last 100 blocks to see if we need to upgrade:
for (int i = 0; i < 100 && pindex != nullptr; i++)
{
int32_t nExpectedVersion = ComputeBlockVersion(pindex->pprev, chainParams.GetConsensus());
if (pindex->nVersion > VERSIONBITS_LAST_OLD_BLOCK_VERSION && (pindex->nVersion & ~nExpectedVersion) != 0)
++nUpgraded;
pindex = pindex->pprev;
}
if (nUpgraded > 0)
AppendWarning(warningMessages, strprintf(_("%d of last 100 blocks have unexpected version").translated, nUpgraded));
}
LogPrintf("%s: new best=%s height=%d version=0x%08x log2_work=%.8g tx=%lu date='%s' progress=%f cache=%.1fMiB(%utxo)%s\n", __func__,
pindexNew->GetBlockHash().ToString(), pindexNew->nHeight, pindexNew->nVersion,
log(pindexNew->nChainWork.getdouble())/log(2.0), (unsigned long)pindexNew->nChainTx,
FormatISO8601DateTime(pindexNew->GetBlockTime()),
GuessVerificationProgress(chainParams.TxData(), pindexNew), ::ChainstateActive().CoinsTip().DynamicMemoryUsage() * (1.0 / (1<<20)), ::ChainstateActive().CoinsTip().GetCacheSize(),
!warningMessages.empty() ? strprintf(" warning='%s'", warningMessages) : "");
}
/** Disconnect m_chain's tip.
* After calling, the mempool will be in an inconsistent state, with
* transactions from disconnected blocks being added to disconnectpool. You
* should make the mempool consistent again by calling UpdateMempoolForReorg.
* with cs_main held.
*
* If disconnectpool is nullptr, then no disconnected transactions are added to
* disconnectpool (note that the caller is responsible for mempool consistency
* in any case).
*/
bool CChainState::DisconnectTip(BlockValidationState& state, const CChainParams& chainparams, DisconnectedBlockTransactions *disconnectpool)
{
CBlockIndex *pindexDelete = m_chain.Tip();
assert(pindexDelete);
// Read block from disk.
std::shared_ptr<CBlock> pblock = std::make_shared<CBlock>();
CBlock& block = *pblock;
if (!ReadBlockFromDisk(block, pindexDelete, chainparams.GetConsensus()))
return error("DisconnectTip(): Failed to read block");
// Apply the block atomically to the chain state.
int64_t nStart = GetTimeMicros();
{
CCoinsViewCache view(&CoinsTip());
assert(view.GetBestBlock() == pindexDelete->GetBlockHash());
if (DisconnectBlock(block, pindexDelete, view) != DISCONNECT_OK)
return error("DisconnectTip(): DisconnectBlock %s failed", pindexDelete->GetBlockHash().ToString());
bool flushed = view.Flush();
assert(flushed);
}
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, "- Disconnect block: %.2fms\n", (GetTimeMicros() - nStart) * MILLI);
// Write the chain state to disk, if necessary.
if (!FlushStateToDisk(chainparams, state, FlushStateMode::IF_NEEDED))
return false;
if (disconnectpool) {
// Save transactions to re-add to mempool at end of reorg
for (auto it = block.vtx.rbegin(); it != block.vtx.rend(); ++it) {
disconnectpool->addTransaction(*it);
}
while (disconnectpool->DynamicMemoryUsage() > MAX_DISCONNECTED_TX_POOL_SIZE * 1000) {
// Drop the earliest entry, and remove its children from the mempool.
auto it = disconnectpool->queuedTx.get<insertion_order>().begin();
mempool.removeRecursive(**it, MemPoolRemovalReason::REORG);
disconnectpool->removeEntry(it);
}
}
m_chain.SetTip(pindexDelete->pprev);
UpdateTip(pindexDelete->pprev, chainparams);
// Let wallets know transactions went from 1-confirmed to
// 0-confirmed or conflicted:
GetMainSignals().BlockDisconnected(pblock, pindexDelete);
return true;
}
static int64_t nTimeReadFromDisk = 0;
static int64_t nTimeConnectTotal = 0;
static int64_t nTimeFlush = 0;
static int64_t nTimeChainState = 0;
static int64_t nTimePostConnect = 0;
struct PerBlockConnectTrace {
CBlockIndex* pindex = nullptr;
std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> pblock;
PerBlockConnectTrace() {}
};
/**
* Used to track blocks whose transactions were applied to the UTXO state as a
* part of a single ActivateBestChainStep call.
*
* This class is single-use, once you call GetBlocksConnected() you have to throw
* it away and make a new one.
*/
class ConnectTrace {
private:
std::vector<PerBlockConnectTrace> blocksConnected;
public:
explicit ConnectTrace() : blocksConnected(1) {}
void BlockConnected(CBlockIndex* pindex, std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> pblock) {
assert(!blocksConnected.back().pindex);
assert(pindex);
assert(pblock);
blocksConnected.back().pindex = pindex;
blocksConnected.back().pblock = std::move(pblock);
blocksConnected.emplace_back();
}
std::vector<PerBlockConnectTrace>& GetBlocksConnected() {
// We always keep one extra block at the end of our list because
// blocks are added after all the conflicted transactions have
// been filled in. Thus, the last entry should always be an empty
// one waiting for the transactions from the next block. We pop
// the last entry here to make sure the list we return is sane.
assert(!blocksConnected.back().pindex);
blocksConnected.pop_back();
return blocksConnected;
}
};
/**
* Connect a new block to m_chain. pblock is either nullptr or a pointer to a CBlock
* corresponding to pindexNew, to bypass loading it again from disk.
*
* The block is added to connectTrace if connection succeeds.
*/
bool CChainState::ConnectTip(BlockValidationState& state, const CChainParams& chainparams, CBlockIndex* pindexNew, const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& pblock, ConnectTrace& connectTrace, DisconnectedBlockTransactions &disconnectpool)
{
assert(pindexNew->pprev == m_chain.Tip());
// Read block from disk.
int64_t nTime1 = GetTimeMicros();
std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> pthisBlock;
if (!pblock) {
std::shared_ptr<CBlock> pblockNew = std::make_shared<CBlock>();
if (!ReadBlockFromDisk(*pblockNew, pindexNew, chainparams.GetConsensus()))
return AbortNode(state, "Failed to read block");
pthisBlock = pblockNew;
} else {
pthisBlock = pblock;
}
const CBlock& blockConnecting = *pthisBlock;
// Apply the block atomically to the chain state.
int64_t nTime2 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeReadFromDisk += nTime2 - nTime1;
int64_t nTime3;
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, " - Load block from disk: %.2fms [%.2fs]\n", (nTime2 - nTime1) * MILLI, nTimeReadFromDisk * MICRO);
{
CCoinsViewCache view(&CoinsTip());
bool rv = ConnectBlock(blockConnecting, state, pindexNew, view, chainparams);
GetMainSignals().BlockChecked(blockConnecting, state);
if (!rv) {
if (state.IsInvalid())
InvalidBlockFound(pindexNew, state);
return error("%s: ConnectBlock %s failed, %s", __func__, pindexNew->GetBlockHash().ToString(), state.ToString());
}
nTime3 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeConnectTotal += nTime3 - nTime2;
assert(nBlocksTotal > 0);
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, " - Connect total: %.2fms [%.2fs (%.2fms/blk)]\n", (nTime3 - nTime2) * MILLI, nTimeConnectTotal * MICRO, nTimeConnectTotal * MILLI / nBlocksTotal);
bool flushed = view.Flush();
assert(flushed);
}
int64_t nTime4 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeFlush += nTime4 - nTime3;
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, " - Flush: %.2fms [%.2fs (%.2fms/blk)]\n", (nTime4 - nTime3) * MILLI, nTimeFlush * MICRO, nTimeFlush * MILLI / nBlocksTotal);
// Write the chain state to disk, if necessary.
if (!FlushStateToDisk(chainparams, state, FlushStateMode::IF_NEEDED))
return false;
int64_t nTime5 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeChainState += nTime5 - nTime4;
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, " - Writing chainstate: %.2fms [%.2fs (%.2fms/blk)]\n", (nTime5 - nTime4) * MILLI, nTimeChainState * MICRO, nTimeChainState * MILLI / nBlocksTotal);
// Remove conflicting transactions from the mempool.;
mempool.removeForBlock(blockConnecting.vtx, pindexNew->nHeight);
disconnectpool.removeForBlock(blockConnecting.vtx);
// Update m_chain & related variables.
m_chain.SetTip(pindexNew);
UpdateTip(pindexNew, chainparams);
int64_t nTime6 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimePostConnect += nTime6 - nTime5; nTimeTotal += nTime6 - nTime1;
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, " - Connect postprocess: %.2fms [%.2fs (%.2fms/blk)]\n", (nTime6 - nTime5) * MILLI, nTimePostConnect * MICRO, nTimePostConnect * MILLI / nBlocksTotal);
LogPrint(BCLog::BENCH, "- Connect block: %.2fms [%.2fs (%.2fms/blk)]\n", (nTime6 - nTime1) * MILLI, nTimeTotal * MICRO, nTimeTotal * MILLI / nBlocksTotal);
connectTrace.BlockConnected(pindexNew, std::move(pthisBlock));
return true;
}
/**
* Return the tip of the chain with the most work in it, that isn't
* known to be invalid (it's however far from certain to be valid).
*/
CBlockIndex* CChainState::FindMostWorkChain() {
do {
CBlockIndex *pindexNew = nullptr;
// Find the best candidate header.
{
std::set<CBlockIndex*, CBlockIndexWorkComparator>::reverse_iterator it = setBlockIndexCandidates.rbegin();
if (it == setBlockIndexCandidates.rend())
return nullptr;
pindexNew = *it;
}
// Check whether all blocks on the path between the currently active chain and the candidate are valid.
// Just going until the active chain is an optimization, as we know all blocks in it are valid already.
CBlockIndex *pindexTest = pindexNew;
bool fInvalidAncestor = false;
while (pindexTest && !m_chain.Contains(pindexTest)) {
assert(pindexTest->HaveTxsDownloaded() || pindexTest->nHeight == 0);
// Pruned nodes may have entries in setBlockIndexCandidates for
// which block files have been deleted. Remove those as candidates
// for the most work chain if we come across them; we can't switch
// to a chain unless we have all the non-active-chain parent blocks.
bool fFailedChain = pindexTest->nStatus & BLOCK_FAILED_MASK;
bool fMissingData = !(pindexTest->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA);
if (fFailedChain || fMissingData) {
// Candidate chain is not usable (either invalid or missing data)
if (fFailedChain && (pindexBestInvalid == nullptr || pindexNew->nChainWork > pindexBestInvalid->nChainWork))
pindexBestInvalid = pindexNew;
CBlockIndex *pindexFailed = pindexNew;
// Remove the entire chain from the set.
while (pindexTest != pindexFailed) {
if (fFailedChain) {
pindexFailed->nStatus |= BLOCK_FAILED_CHILD;
} else if (fMissingData) {
// If we're missing data, then add back to m_blocks_unlinked,
// so that if the block arrives in the future we can try adding
// to setBlockIndexCandidates again.
m_blockman.m_blocks_unlinked.insert(
std::make_pair(pindexFailed->pprev, pindexFailed));
}
setBlockIndexCandidates.erase(pindexFailed);
pindexFailed = pindexFailed->pprev;
}
setBlockIndexCandidates.erase(pindexTest);
fInvalidAncestor = true;
break;
}
pindexTest = pindexTest->pprev;
}
if (!fInvalidAncestor)
return pindexNew;
} while(true);
}
/** Delete all entries in setBlockIndexCandidates that are worse than the current tip. */
void CChainState::PruneBlockIndexCandidates() {
// Note that we can't delete the current block itself, as we may need to return to it later in case a
// reorganization to a better block fails.
std::set<CBlockIndex*, CBlockIndexWorkComparator>::iterator it = setBlockIndexCandidates.begin();
while (it != setBlockIndexCandidates.end() && setBlockIndexCandidates.value_comp()(*it, m_chain.Tip())) {
setBlockIndexCandidates.erase(it++);
}
// Either the current tip or a successor of it we're working towards is left in setBlockIndexCandidates.
assert(!setBlockIndexCandidates.empty());
}
/**
* Try to make some progress towards making pindexMostWork the active block.
* pblock is either nullptr or a pointer to a CBlock corresponding to pindexMostWork.
*
* @returns true unless a system error occurred
*/
bool CChainState::ActivateBestChainStep(BlockValidationState& state, const CChainParams& chainparams, CBlockIndex* pindexMostWork, const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& pblock, bool& fInvalidFound, ConnectTrace& connectTrace)
{
AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
const CBlockIndex *pindexOldTip = m_chain.Tip();
const CBlockIndex *pindexFork = m_chain.FindFork(pindexMostWork);
// Disconnect active blocks which are no longer in the best chain.
bool fBlocksDisconnected = false;
DisconnectedBlockTransactions disconnectpool;
while (m_chain.Tip() && m_chain.Tip() != pindexFork) {
if (!DisconnectTip(state, chainparams, &disconnectpool)) {
// This is likely a fatal error, but keep the mempool consistent,
// just in case. Only remove from the mempool in this case.
UpdateMempoolForReorg(disconnectpool, false);
// If we're unable to disconnect a block during normal operation,
// then that is a failure of our local system -- we should abort
// rather than stay on a less work chain.
AbortNode(state, "Failed to disconnect block; see debug.log for details");
return false;
}
fBlocksDisconnected = true;
}
// Build list of new blocks to connect.
std::vector<CBlockIndex*> vpindexToConnect;
bool fContinue = true;
int nHeight = pindexFork ? pindexFork->nHeight : -1;
while (fContinue && nHeight != pindexMostWork->nHeight) {
// Don't iterate the entire list of potential improvements toward the best tip, as we likely only need
// a few blocks along the way.
int nTargetHeight = std::min(nHeight + 32, pindexMostWork->nHeight);
vpindexToConnect.clear();
vpindexToConnect.reserve(nTargetHeight - nHeight);
CBlockIndex *pindexIter = pindexMostWork->GetAncestor(nTargetHeight);
while (pindexIter && pindexIter->nHeight != nHeight) {
vpindexToConnect.push_back(pindexIter);
pindexIter = pindexIter->pprev;
}
nHeight = nTargetHeight;
// Connect new blocks.
for (CBlockIndex *pindexConnect : reverse_iterate(vpindexToConnect)) {
if (!ConnectTip(state, chainparams, pindexConnect, pindexConnect == pindexMostWork ? pblock : std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>(), connectTrace, disconnectpool)) {
if (state.IsInvalid()) {
// The block violates a consensus rule.
if (state.GetResult() != BlockValidationResult::BLOCK_MUTATED) {
InvalidChainFound(vpindexToConnect.front());
}
state = BlockValidationState();
fInvalidFound = true;
fContinue = false;
break;
} else {
// A system error occurred (disk space, database error, ...).
// Make the mempool consistent with the current tip, just in case
// any observers try to use it before shutdown.
UpdateMempoolForReorg(disconnectpool, false);
return false;
}
} else {
PruneBlockIndexCandidates();
if (!pindexOldTip || m_chain.Tip()->nChainWork > pindexOldTip->nChainWork) {
// We're in a better position than we were. Return temporarily to release the lock.
fContinue = false;
break;
}
}
}
}
if (fBlocksDisconnected) {
// If any blocks were disconnected, disconnectpool may be non empty. Add
// any disconnected transactions back to the mempool.
UpdateMempoolForReorg(disconnectpool, true);
}
mempool.check(&CoinsTip());
// Callbacks/notifications for a new best chain.
if (fInvalidFound)
CheckForkWarningConditionsOnNewFork(vpindexToConnect.back());
else
CheckForkWarningConditions();
return true;
}
static bool NotifyHeaderTip() LOCKS_EXCLUDED(cs_main) {
bool fNotify = false;
bool fInitialBlockDownload = false;
static CBlockIndex* pindexHeaderOld = nullptr;
CBlockIndex* pindexHeader = nullptr;
{
LOCK(cs_main);
pindexHeader = pindexBestHeader;
if (pindexHeader != pindexHeaderOld) {
fNotify = true;
fInitialBlockDownload = ::ChainstateActive().IsInitialBlockDownload();
pindexHeaderOld = pindexHeader;
}
}
// Send block tip changed notifications without cs_main
if (fNotify) {
uiInterface.NotifyHeaderTip(fInitialBlockDownload, pindexHeader);
}
return fNotify;
}
static void LimitValidationInterfaceQueue() LOCKS_EXCLUDED(cs_main) {
AssertLockNotHeld(cs_main);
if (GetMainSignals().CallbacksPending() > 10) {
SyncWithValidationInterfaceQueue();
}
}
bool CChainState::ActivateBestChain(BlockValidationState &state, const CChainParams& chainparams, std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> pblock) {
// Note that while we're often called here from ProcessNewBlock, this is
// far from a guarantee. Things in the P2P/RPC will often end up calling
// us in the middle of ProcessNewBlock - do not assume pblock is set
// sanely for performance or correctness!
AssertLockNotHeld(cs_main);
// ABC maintains a fair degree of expensive-to-calculate internal state
// because this function periodically releases cs_main so that it does not lock up other threads for too long
// during large connects - and to allow for e.g. the callback queue to drain
// we use m_cs_chainstate to enforce mutual exclusion so that only one caller may execute this function at a time
LOCK(m_cs_chainstate);
CBlockIndex *pindexMostWork = nullptr;
CBlockIndex *pindexNewTip = nullptr;
int nStopAtHeight = gArgs.GetArg("-stopatheight", DEFAULT_STOPATHEIGHT);
do {
boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
// Block until the validation queue drains. This should largely
// never happen in normal operation, however may happen during
// reindex, causing memory blowup if we run too far ahead.
// Note that if a validationinterface callback ends up calling
// ActivateBestChain this may lead to a deadlock! We should
// probably have a DEBUG_LOCKORDER test for this in the future.
LimitValidationInterfaceQueue();
{
LOCK2(cs_main, ::mempool.cs); // Lock transaction pool for at least as long as it takes for connectTrace to be consumed
CBlockIndex* starting_tip = m_chain.Tip();
bool blocks_connected = false;
do {
// We absolutely may not unlock cs_main until we've made forward progress
// (with the exception of shutdown due to hardware issues, low disk space, etc).
ConnectTrace connectTrace; // Destructed before cs_main is unlocked
if (pindexMostWork == nullptr) {
pindexMostWork = FindMostWorkChain();
}
// Whether we have anything to do at all.
if (pindexMostWork == nullptr || pindexMostWork == m_chain.Tip()) {
break;
}
bool fInvalidFound = false;
std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> nullBlockPtr;
if (!ActivateBestChainStep(state, chainparams, pindexMostWork, pblock && pblock->GetHash() == pindexMostWork->GetBlockHash() ? pblock : nullBlockPtr, fInvalidFound, connectTrace)) {