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Add minimal Direct3D 11.1 renderer (proof-of-concept)
Implements basic D3D11.1 rendering backend with device management, DXGI 1.2 flip model swap chains, and clear/present operations.
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‎include/cinder/app/RendererD3d11.h‎

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/*
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Copyright (c) 2025, The Cinder Project
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This code is intended to be used with the Cinder C++ library, http://libcinder.org
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Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that
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the following conditions are met:
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* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
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the following disclaimer.
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* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
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the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
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WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
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PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
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ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
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NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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*/
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#pragma once
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#include "cinder/app/Renderer.h"
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namespace cinder { namespace app {
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typedef std::shared_ptr<class RendererD3d11> RendererD3d11Ref;
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//! Direct3D 11 renderer for Windows Desktop applications
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class RendererD3d11 : public Renderer {
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public:
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RendererD3d11();
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~RendererD3d11();
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static RendererD3d11Ref create() { return RendererD3d11Ref( new RendererD3d11() ); }
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virtual RendererRef clone() const override { return RendererD3d11Ref( new RendererD3d11( *this ) ); }
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//! Initializes the renderer with a WindowImplMsw
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virtual void setup( WindowImplMsw *windowImpl, RendererRef sharedRenderer ) override;
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//! Returns the HWND associated with this renderer
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virtual HWND getHwnd() const override { return mWnd; }
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//! Returns the HDC (not used for D3D11, returns nullptr)
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virtual HDC getDc() const override { return nullptr; }
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//! Cleans up D3D11 resources
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virtual void kill() override;
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//! Called before toggling fullscreen
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virtual void prepareToggleFullScreen() override;
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//! Called after toggling fullscreen
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virtual void finishToggleFullScreen() override;
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//! Called at the start of each frame
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virtual void startDraw() override;
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//! Called at the end of each frame (presents the back buffer)
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virtual void finishDraw() override;
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//! Called when the window is resized
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virtual void defaultResize() override;
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//! Copies the current window surface to a Cinder Surface
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virtual Surface8u copyWindowSurface( const Area &area, int32_t windowHeightPixels ) override;
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//! Makes this context current (for D3D11, sets render targets)
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virtual void makeCurrentContext( bool force = false ) override;
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//! Clears the back buffer to the specified color
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void clear( const ColorA &color );
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//! Returns the D3D11 device (for advanced users)
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void* getDevice();
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//! Returns the D3D11 device context (for advanced users)
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void* getDeviceContext();
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protected:
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RendererD3d11( const RendererD3d11 &renderer );
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class RendererImplD3d11 *mImpl;
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HWND mWnd;
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};
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} } // namespace cinder::app

‎include/cinder/app/msw/RendererImplD3d11.h‎

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/*
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Copyright (c) 2025, The Cinder Project
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This code is intended to be used with the Cinder C++ library, http://libcinder.org
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Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that
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the following conditions are met:
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* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
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the following disclaimer.
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* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
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the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
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WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
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PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
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ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
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NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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*/
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#pragma once
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#include "cinder/app/AppBase.h"
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#include "cinder/app/msw/RendererImplMsw.h"
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#include "cinder/app/RendererD3d11.h"
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#include <d3d11_1.h>
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#include <dxgi1_2.h>
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namespace cinder { namespace app {
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//! Forward declaration
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class WindowImplMsw;
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//! Implementation details for RendererD3d11
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class RendererImplD3d11 : public RendererImplMsw {
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public:
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RendererImplD3d11( WindowImplMsw *windowImpl, RendererD3d11 *renderer );
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~RendererImplD3d11();
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//! Initializes the D3D11 device, swap chain, and render targets
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virtual bool initialize( WindowImplMsw *windowImpl, RendererRef sharedRenderer );
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//! Cleans up D3D11 resources
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virtual void kill() override;
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//! Prepares for fullscreen toggle
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virtual void prepareToggleFullScreen() override;
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//! Finishes fullscreen toggle
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virtual void finishToggleFullScreen() override;
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//! Called when window is resized
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virtual void defaultResize() const override;
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//! Presents the back buffer
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virtual void swapBuffers() const override;
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//! Sets the render target
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virtual void makeCurrentContext( bool force = false ) override;
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//! Clears the back buffer to a color
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void clear( const ColorA &color );
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//! Copies window surface to a Cinder Surface
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Surface8u copyWindowSurface( const Area &area );
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//! D3D11 device
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ID3D11Device1 *mDevice;
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//! D3D11 device context
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ID3D11DeviceContext1 *mDeviceContext;
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//! DXGI swap chain
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IDXGISwapChain1 *mSwapChain;
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//! Render target view for the back buffer
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ID3D11RenderTargetView *mRenderTargetView;
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//! Depth stencil texture
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ID3D11Texture2D *mDepthStencilTexture;
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//! Depth stencil view
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ID3D11DepthStencilView *mDepthStencilView;
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protected:
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RendererD3d11 *mRenderer;
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HWND mWnd;
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bool mFullScreen;
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//! Creates the D3D11 device
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bool createDevice();
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//! Creates the swap chain
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bool createSwapChain();
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//! Creates the render target view
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bool createRenderTarget();
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//! Creates the depth stencil
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bool createDepthStencil();
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//! Releases framebuffer resources (render target, depth stencil)
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void releaseFramebufferResources();
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};
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} } // namespace cinder::app

‎proj/vc2019/cinder.vcxproj‎

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<ExcludedFromBuild Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">true</ExcludedFromBuild>
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</ClCompile>
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<ClCompile Include="..\..\src\cinder\app\msw\RendererImplGlMsw.cpp" />
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<ClCompile Include="..\..\src\cinder\app\msw\RendererImplD3d11.cpp" />
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<ClCompile Include="..\..\src\cinder\app\Platform.cpp" />
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<ClCompile Include="..\..\src\cinder\app\RendererD3d11.cpp" />
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<ClCompile Include="..\..\src\cinder\app\RendererGl.cpp" />
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<ClCompile Include="..\..\src\cinder\app\Window.cpp" />
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<ClCompile Include="..\..\src\cinder\app\winrt\AppImplWinRT.cpp">
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\msw\AppMsw.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\msw\PlatformMsw.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\msw\RendererImpl2dGdi.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\msw\RendererImplD3d11.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\msw\RendererImplDx.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\msw\RendererImplGlAngle.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\msw\RendererImplGlMsw.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\msw\RendererImplMsw.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\Platform.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\Renderer.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\RendererD3d11.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\RendererDx.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\RendererGl.h" />
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\TouchEvent.h" />

‎proj/vc2019/cinder.vcxproj.filters‎

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<ClCompile Include="..\..\src\cinder\CanvasUi.cpp">
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<Filter>Source Files</Filter>
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</ClCompile>
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<ClCompile Include="..\..\src\cinder\app\RendererD3d11.cpp">
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<Filter>Source Files\app</Filter>
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</ClCompile>
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<ClCompile Include="..\..\src\cinder\app\msw\RendererImplD3d11.cpp">
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<Filter>Source Files\app\msw</Filter>
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</ClCompile>
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</ItemGroup>
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<ItemGroup>
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\src\AntTweakBar\AntPerfTimer.h">
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\CanvasUi.h">
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<Filter>Header Files</Filter>
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</ClInclude>
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\RendererD3d11.h">
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<Filter>Header Files\app</Filter>
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</ClInclude>
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<ClInclude Include="..\..\include\cinder\app\msw\RendererImplD3d11.h">
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<Filter>Header Files\app\msw</Filter>
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</ClInclude>
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</ItemGroup>
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<ItemGroup>
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<Natvis Include="nlohmann_json.natvis" />

‎src/cinder/app/RendererD3d11.cpp‎

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/*
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Copyright (c) 2025, The Cinder Project
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This code is intended to be used with the Cinder C++ library, http://libcinder.org
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Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that
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the following conditions are met:
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* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
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the following disclaimer.
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* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
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the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
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WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
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PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
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ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
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NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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*/
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#include "cinder/app/RendererD3d11.h"
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#include "cinder/app/msw/RendererImplD3d11.h"
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#include "cinder/app/msw/AppImplMsw.h"
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#include "cinder/Exception.h"
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namespace cinder { namespace app {
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RendererD3d11::RendererD3d11()
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: Renderer(), mImpl( nullptr ), mWnd( nullptr )
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{
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}
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RendererD3d11::RendererD3d11( const RendererD3d11 &renderer )
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: mImpl( nullptr ), mWnd( renderer.mWnd )
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{
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}
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RendererD3d11::~RendererD3d11()
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{
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delete mImpl;
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}
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void RendererD3d11::setup( WindowImplMsw *windowImpl, RendererRef sharedRenderer )
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{
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mWnd = windowImpl->getHwnd();
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if( ! mImpl )
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mImpl = new RendererImplD3d11( windowImpl, this );
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mImpl->initialize( windowImpl, sharedRenderer );
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}
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void RendererD3d11::kill()
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{
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if( mImpl )
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mImpl->kill();
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}
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void RendererD3d11::prepareToggleFullScreen()
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{
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if( mImpl )
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mImpl->prepareToggleFullScreen();
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}
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void RendererD3d11::finishToggleFullScreen()
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{
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if( mImpl )
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mImpl->finishToggleFullScreen();
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}
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void RendererD3d11::startDraw()
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{
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if( mImpl )
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mImpl->makeCurrentContext();
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}
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void RendererD3d11::finishDraw()
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{
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if( mImpl )
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mImpl->swapBuffers();
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}
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void RendererD3d11::defaultResize()
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{
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if( mImpl )
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mImpl->defaultResize();
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}
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Surface8u RendererD3d11::copyWindowSurface( const Area &area, int32_t windowHeightPixels )
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{
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if( mImpl )
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return mImpl->copyWindowSurface( area );
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return Surface8u();
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}
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void RendererD3d11::makeCurrentContext( bool force )
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{
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if( mImpl )
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mImpl->makeCurrentContext( force );
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}
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void RendererD3d11::clear( const ColorA &color )
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{
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if( mImpl )
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mImpl->clear( color );
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}
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void* RendererD3d11::getDevice()
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{
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if( mImpl )
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return mImpl->mDevice;
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return nullptr;
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}
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void* RendererD3d11::getDeviceContext()
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{
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if( mImpl )
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return mImpl->mDeviceContext;
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return nullptr;
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}
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} } // namespace cinder::app

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