diff --git a/lib/codecept.js b/lib/codecept.js
index dc9c6bd7a..a115a1e73 100644
--- a/lib/codecept.js
+++ b/lib/codecept.js
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 const { existsSync, readFileSync } = require('fs')
 const { globSync } = require('glob')
-const shuffle = require('lodash.shuffle')
 const fsPath = require('path')
 const { resolve } = require('path')
 
@@ -186,7 +185,7 @@ class Codecept {
     }
 
     if (this.opts.shuffle) {
-      this.testFiles = shuffle(this.testFiles)
+      this.testFiles = this.shuffle(this.testFiles)
     }
 
     if (this.opts.shard) {
@@ -194,6 +193,18 @@ class Codecept {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Fisher–Yates shuffle (non-mutating)
+   */
+  shuffle(array) {
+    const arr = [...array] // clone to avoid mutating input
+    for (let i = arr.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
+      const j = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1))
+      ;[arr[i], arr[j]] = [arr[j], arr[i]] // swap
+    }
+    return arr
+  }
+
   /**
    * Apply sharding to test files based on shard configuration
    *
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 45134ebb4..fd4129816 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@
     "js-beautify": "1.15.4",
     "lodash.clonedeep": "4.5.0",
     "lodash.merge": "4.6.2",
-    "lodash.shuffle": "4.2.0",
     "mkdirp": "3.0.1",
     "mocha": "11.7.2",
     "monocart-coverage-reports": "2.12.9",