diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c612d4f34f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+extends:
+  - './first-extended'
+rules:
+  zero: [0, 'never']
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.cjs b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c58cb47afc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+module.exports = {
+	extends: ['./first-extended'],
+	rules: {
+		zero: [0, 'never'],
+	},
+};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js/.commitlintrc.js b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.js
similarity index 96%
rename from @commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js/.commitlintrc.js
rename to @commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.js
index f90e771292..c58cb47afc 100644
--- a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js/.commitlintrc.js
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.js
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ module.exports = {
 	rules: {
 		zero: [0, 'never'],
 	},
-};
+};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-json/.commitlintrc.json b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.json
similarity index 97%
rename from @commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-json/.commitlintrc.json
rename to @commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.json
index 97335f47a5..a95915c9f6 100644
--- a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-json/.commitlintrc.json
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.json
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
   "rules": {
     "zero": [0, "never"]
   }
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.mjs b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bd3061cabb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+export default {
+	extends: ['./first-extended'],
+	rules: {
+		zero: [0, 'never'],
+	},
+};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.yaml b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c612d4f34f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+extends:
+  - './first-extended'
+rules:
+  zero: [0, 'never']
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-yaml/.commitlintrc.yml b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.yml
similarity index 65%
rename from @commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-yaml/.commitlintrc.yml
rename to @commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.yml
index c7c751a959..c612d4f34f 100644
--- a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-yaml/.commitlintrc.yml
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/.commitlintrc.yml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 extends:
   - './first-extended'
 rules:
-  zero: [0, 'never']
+  zero: [0, 'never']
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/commitlint.config.cjs b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/commitlint.config.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c58cb47afc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/commitlint.config.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+module.exports = {
+	extends: ['./first-extended'],
+	rules: {
+		zero: [0, 'never'],
+	},
+};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/commitlint.config.js b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/commitlint.config.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c58cb47afc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/commitlint.config.js
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+module.exports = {
+	extends: ['./first-extended'],
+	rules: {
+		zero: [0, 'never'],
+	},
+};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/commitlint.config.mjs b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/commitlint.config.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bd3061cabb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/commitlint.config.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+export default {
+	extends: ['./first-extended'],
+	rules: {
+		zero: [0, 'never'],
+	},
+};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-package/package.json b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/package.json
similarity index 98%
rename from @commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-package/package.json
rename to @commitlint/load/fixtures/config/package.json
index 704cc882f1..72a2dd6652 100644
--- a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-package/package.json
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/config/package.json
@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@
       ]
     }
   }
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-json/first-extended/index.js b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js-template/first-extended/index.js
similarity index 100%
rename from @commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-json/first-extended/index.js
rename to @commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js-template/first-extended/index.js
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-json/first-extended/second-extended/index.js b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js-template/first-extended/second-extended/index.js
similarity index 100%
rename from @commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-json/first-extended/second-extended/index.js
rename to @commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js-template/first-extended/second-extended/index.js
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js/first-extended/index.js b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js/first-extended/index.js
deleted file mode 100644
index d26b0ff209..0000000000
--- a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js/first-extended/index.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-module.exports = {
-	extends: ['./second-extended'],
-	rules: {
-		one: [1, 'never'],
-	},
-};
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js/first-extended/second-extended/index.js b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js/first-extended/second-extended/index.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 64caae544a..0000000000
--- a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-js/first-extended/second-extended/index.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-module.exports = {
-	rules: {
-		two: [2, 'always'],
-	},
-};
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-package/first-extended/index.js b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-package/first-extended/index.js
deleted file mode 100644
index d26b0ff209..0000000000
--- a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-package/first-extended/index.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-module.exports = {
-	extends: ['./second-extended'],
-	rules: {
-		one: [1, 'never'],
-	},
-};
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-package/first-extended/second-extended/index.js b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-package/first-extended/second-extended/index.js
deleted file mode 100644
index b0902ace44..0000000000
--- a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-package/first-extended/second-extended/index.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-module.exports = {
-	rules: {
-		two: [2, 'never'],
-	},
-};
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-ts/commitlint.config.ts b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-ts/commitlint.config.ts
index 396cef436b..fff038733a 100644
--- a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-ts/commitlint.config.ts
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-ts/commitlint.config.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import type {UserConfig} from './types';
 
 const Configuration: UserConfig = {
-	extends: ['./first-extended'],
+	extends: ['./first-extended/index.ts'],
 	rules: {
 		zero: [0, 'never', 'zero']
 	}
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-ts/first-extended/index.ts b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-ts/first-extended/index.ts
index 6111626aea..d6f3551f95 100644
--- a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-ts/first-extended/index.ts
+++ b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-ts/first-extended/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type {UserConfig} from '../types';
 module.exports = {
-	extends: ['./second-extended'],
+	extends: ['./second-extended/index.ts'],
 	rules: {
 		one: [1, 'never', 'one']
 	}
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-yaml/first-extended/index.js b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-yaml/first-extended/index.js
deleted file mode 100644
index d26b0ff209..0000000000
--- a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-yaml/first-extended/index.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-module.exports = {
-	extends: ['./second-extended'],
-	rules: {
-		one: [1, 'never'],
-	},
-};
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-yaml/first-extended/second-extended/index.js b/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-yaml/first-extended/second-extended/index.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 64caae544a..0000000000
--- a/@commitlint/load/fixtures/recursive-extends-yaml/first-extended/second-extended/index.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-module.exports = {
-	rules: {
-		two: [2, 'always'],
-	},
-};
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/src/load.test.ts b/@commitlint/load/src/load.test.ts
index a2ec33d1b0..c2b053689e 100644
--- a/@commitlint/load/src/load.test.ts
+++ b/@commitlint/load/src/load.test.ts
@@ -7,10 +7,12 @@ jest.mock('@scope/commitlint-plugin-example', () => scopedPlugin, {
 });
 
 import path from 'path';
+import {readFileSync, writeFileSync} from 'fs';
 import resolveFrom from 'resolve-from';
 import {fix, git, npm} from '@commitlint/test';
 
 import load from './load';
+import {isDynamicAwaitSupported} from './utils/load-config';
 
 const fixBootstrap = (name: string) => fix.bootstrap(name, __dirname);
 const gitBootstrap = (name: string) => git.bootstrap(name, __dirname);
@@ -186,24 +188,30 @@ test('respects cwd option', async () => {
 	});
 });
 
-test('recursive extends', async () => {
-	const cwd = await gitBootstrap('fixtures/recursive-extends');
-	const actual = await load({}, {cwd});
-
-	expect(actual).toMatchObject({
-		formatter: '@commitlint/format',
-		extends: ['./first-extended'],
-		plugins: {},
-		rules: {
-			zero: [0, 'never'],
-			one: [1, 'always'],
-			two: [2, 'never'],
-		},
-	});
-});
+const mjsConfigFiles = isDynamicAwaitSupported()
+	? ['commitlint.config.mjs', '.commitlintrc.mjs']
+	: [];
+
+test.each(
+	[
+		'commitlint.config.cjs',
+		'commitlint.config.js',
+		'package.json',
+		'.commitlintrc',
+		'.commitlintrc.cjs',
+		'.commitlintrc.js',
+		'.commitlintrc.json',
+		'.commitlintrc.yml',
+		'.commitlintrc.yaml',
+		...mjsConfigFiles,
+	].map((configFile) => [configFile])
+)('recursive extends with %s', async (configFile) => {
+	const cwd = await gitBootstrap(`fixtures/recursive-extends-js-template`);
+	const configPath = path.join(__dirname, `../fixtures/config/${configFile}`);
+	const config = readFileSync(configPath);
+
+	writeFileSync(path.join(cwd, configFile), config);
 
-test('recursive extends with json file', async () => {
-	const cwd = await gitBootstrap('fixtures/recursive-extends-json');
 	const actual = await load({}, {cwd});
 
 	expect(actual).toMatchObject({
@@ -218,63 +226,13 @@ test('recursive extends with json file', async () => {
 	});
 });
 
-test('recursive extends with yaml file', async () => {
-	const cwd = await gitBootstrap('fixtures/recursive-extends-yaml');
-	const actual = await load({}, {cwd});
-
-	expect(actual).toMatchObject({
-		formatter: '@commitlint/format',
-		extends: ['./first-extended'],
-		plugins: {},
-		rules: {
-			zero: [0, 'never'],
-			one: [1, 'never'],
-			two: [2, 'always'],
-		},
-	});
-});
-
-test('recursive extends with js file', async () => {
-	const cwd = await gitBootstrap('fixtures/recursive-extends-js');
-	const actual = await load({}, {cwd});
-
-	expect(actual).toMatchObject({
-		formatter: '@commitlint/format',
-		extends: ['./first-extended'],
-		plugins: {},
-		rules: {
-			zero: [0, 'never'],
-			one: [1, 'never'],
-			two: [2, 'always'],
-		},
-	});
-});
-
-test('recursive extends with package.json file', async () => {
-	const cwd = await gitBootstrap('fixtures/recursive-extends-package');
-	const actual = await load({}, {cwd});
-
-	expect(actual).toMatchObject({
-		formatter: '@commitlint/format',
-		extends: ['./first-extended'],
-		plugins: {},
-		rules: {
-			zero: [0, 'never'],
-			one: [1, 'never'],
-			two: [2, 'never'],
-		},
-	});
-});
-
-// fails since a jest update: https://github.com/conventional-changelog/commitlint/pull/3362
-// eslint-disable-next-line jest/no-disabled-tests
-test.skip('recursive extends with ts file', async () => {
+test('recursive extends with ts file', async () => {
 	const cwd = await gitBootstrap('fixtures/recursive-extends-ts');
 	const actual = await load({}, {cwd});
 
 	expect(actual).toMatchObject({
 		formatter: '@commitlint/format',
-		extends: ['./first-extended'],
+		extends: ['./first-extended/index.ts'],
 		plugins: {},
 		rules: {
 			zero: [0, 'never', 'zero'],
diff --git a/@commitlint/load/src/utils/load-config.ts b/@commitlint/load/src/utils/load-config.ts
index b8cc16b98b..e08353d8c4 100644
--- a/@commitlint/load/src/utils/load-config.ts
+++ b/@commitlint/load/src/utils/load-config.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-import {cosmiconfig, type Loader} from 'cosmiconfig';
+import {
+	cosmiconfig,
+	defaultLoadersSync,
+	Options,
+	type Loader,
+} from 'cosmiconfig';
 import {TypeScriptLoader} from 'cosmiconfig-typescript-loader';
 import path from 'path';
 
@@ -8,12 +13,12 @@ export interface LoadConfigResult {
 	isEmpty?: boolean;
 }
 
+const moduleName = 'commitlint';
+
 export async function loadConfig(
 	cwd: string,
 	configPath?: string
 ): Promise<LoadConfigResult | null> {
-	const moduleName = 'commitlint';
-
 	let tsLoaderInstance: Loader | undefined;
 	const tsLoader: Loader = (...args) => {
 		if (!tsLoaderInstance) {
@@ -22,6 +27,8 @@ export async function loadConfig(
 		return tsLoaderInstance(...args);
 	};
 
+	const {searchPlaces, loaders} = getDynamicAwaitConfig();
+
 	const explorer = cosmiconfig(moduleName, {
 		searchPlaces: [
 			// cosmiconfig overrides default searchPlaces if any new search place is added (For e.g. `*.ts` files),
@@ -41,10 +48,14 @@ export async function loadConfig(
 			`.${moduleName}rc.cts`,
 			`${moduleName}.config.ts`,
 			`${moduleName}.config.cts`,
+
+			...(searchPlaces || []),
 		],
 		loaders: {
 			'.ts': tsLoader,
 			'.cts': tsLoader,
+
+			...(loaders || {}),
 		},
 	});
 
@@ -59,3 +70,31 @@ export async function loadConfig(
 
 	return null;
 }
+
+// See the following issues for more context:
+//  - Issue: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/40058
+//  - Resolution: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/48510 (Node v20.8.0)
+export const isDynamicAwaitSupported = () => {
+	const [major, minor] = process.version
+		.replace('v', '')
+		.split('.')
+		.map((val) => parseInt(val));
+
+	return major >= 20 && minor >= 8;
+};
+
+// If dynamic await is supported (Node >= v20.8.0), support mjs config.
+// Otherwise, don't support mjs and use synchronous js/cjs loaders.
+export const getDynamicAwaitConfig = (): Partial<Options> =>
+	isDynamicAwaitSupported()
+		? {
+				searchPlaces: [`.${moduleName}rc.mjs`, `${moduleName}.config.mjs`],
+				loaders: {},
+		  }
+		: {
+				searchPlaces: [],
+				loaders: {
+					'.cjs': defaultLoadersSync['.cjs'],
+					'.js': defaultLoadersSync['.js'],
+				},
+		  };
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index fb3a68173f..a70bc84e67 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -142,10 +142,12 @@ Check the [husky documentation](https://typicode.github.io/husky/#/?id=manual) o
   - `.commitlintrc.yml`
   - `.commitlintrc.js`
   - `.commitlintrc.cjs`
+  - `.commitlintrc.mjs` (Node >= v20.8.0)
   - `.commitlintrc.ts`
   - `.commitlintrc.cts`
   - `commitlint.config.js`
   - `commitlint.config.cjs`
+  - `commitlint.config.mjs` (Node >= v20.8.0)
   - `commitlint.config.ts`
   - `commitlint.config.cts`
   - `commitlint` field in `package.json`
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 612c350c6a..a8ca4dfc3d 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@
     "publish": "lerna publish --conventional-commits",
     "reinstall": "yarn clean && yarn install",
     "start": "yarn watch",
-    "test": "cross-env HOME=$PWD jest",
-    "test-ci": "cross-env HOME=$PWD jest --runInBand",
+    "test": "cross-env HOME=$PWD NODE_OPTIONS=--experimental-vm-modules jest",
+    "test-ci": "yarn test --runInBand",
     "postinstall": "yarn husky install"
   },
   "commitlint": {
diff --git a/yarn.lock b/yarn.lock
index 5a6f5626c3..5efbb3cedc 100644
--- a/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn.lock
@@ -3330,13 +3330,13 @@ cosmiconfig@^7.0.0:
     yaml "^1.10.0"
 
 cosmiconfig@^8.0.0:
-  version "8.1.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.npmjs.org/cosmiconfig/-/cosmiconfig-8.1.3.tgz#0e614a118fcc2d9e5afc2f87d53cd09931015689"
-  integrity sha512-/UkO2JKI18b5jVMJUp0lvKFMpa/Gye+ZgZjKD+DGEN9y7NRcf/nK1A0sp67ONmKtnDCNMS44E6jrk0Yc3bDuUw==
+  version "8.3.6"
+  resolved "https://registry.npmjs.org/cosmiconfig/-/cosmiconfig-8.3.6.tgz#060a2b871d66dba6c8538ea1118ba1ac16f5fae3"
+  integrity sha512-kcZ6+W5QzcJ3P1Mt+83OUv/oHFqZHIx8DuxG6eZ5RGMERoLqp4BuGjhHLYGK+Kf5XVkQvqBSmAy/nGWN3qDgEA==
   dependencies:
-    import-fresh "^3.2.1"
+    import-fresh "^3.3.0"
     js-yaml "^4.1.0"
-    parse-json "^5.0.0"
+    parse-json "^5.2.0"
     path-type "^4.0.0"
 
 cp-file@^7.0.0:
@@ -4886,7 +4886,7 @@ ignore@^5.0.4, ignore@^5.2.0, ignore@^5.2.4:
   resolved "https://registry.npmjs.org/ignore/-/ignore-5.2.4.tgz#a291c0c6178ff1b960befe47fcdec301674a6324"
   integrity sha512-MAb38BcSbH0eHNBxn7ql2NH/kX33OkB3lZ1BNdh7ENeRChHTYsTvWrMubiIAMNS2llXEEgZ1MUOBtXChP3kaFQ==
 
-import-fresh@^3.0.0, import-fresh@^3.2.1:
+import-fresh@^3.0.0, import-fresh@^3.2.1, import-fresh@^3.3.0:
   version "3.3.0"
   resolved "https://registry.npmjs.org/import-fresh/-/import-fresh-3.3.0.tgz#37162c25fcb9ebaa2e6e53d5b4d88ce17d9e0c2b"
   integrity sha512-veYYhQa+D1QBKznvhUHxb8faxlrwUnxseDAbAp457E0wLNio2bOSKnjYDhMj+YiAq61xrMGhQk9iXVk5FzgQMw==