diff --git a/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/chains.dart b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/chains.dart
index 0040f804..367cc22d 100644
--- a/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/chains.dart
+++ b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/chains.dart
@@ -6,3 +6,4 @@ export 'models/models.dart';
 export 'question_answering/question_answering.dart';
 export 'retrieval_qa.dart';
 export 'sequential.dart';
+export 'summarization/summarization.dart';
diff --git a/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/combine_documents/map_reduce.dart b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/combine_documents/map_reduce.dart
index e88f2b67..279eac83 100644
--- a/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/combine_documents/map_reduce.dart
+++ b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/combine_documents/map_reduce.dart
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class MapReduceDocumentsChain extends BaseCombineDocumentsChain {
     required this.reduceDocumentsChain,
     super.inputKey = defaultInputKey,
     super.outputKey = defaultOutputKey,
-    this.llmChainDocumentPromptVar = defaultLlmChainDocumentPromptVar,
+    this.mapLlmChainDocumentPromptVar = defaultLlmChainDocumentPromptVar,
     this.returnIntermediateSteps = false,
   }) {
     _initLlmChainDocumentPromptVar();
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class MapReduceDocumentsChain extends BaseCombineDocumentsChain {
 
   /// The variable name in the [mapLlmChain] where to put the documents in.
   /// If only one variable in the [mapLlmChain], this doesn't need to be provided.
-  String llmChainDocumentPromptVar;
+  String mapLlmChainDocumentPromptVar;
 
   /// Return the results of the map steps in the output.
   final bool returnIntermediateSteps;
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class MapReduceDocumentsChain extends BaseCombineDocumentsChain {
   static const String defaultOutputKey =
       BaseCombineDocumentsChain.defaultOutputKey;
 
-  /// Default value for [llmChainDocumentPromptVar].
+  /// Default value for [mapLlmChainDocumentPromptVar].
   static const String defaultLlmChainDocumentPromptVar = 'context';
 
   /// Output key for the chain's intermediate steps output.
@@ -104,15 +104,15 @@ class MapReduceDocumentsChain extends BaseCombineDocumentsChain {
     // with this variable name
     final llmChainInputVariables = mapLlmChain.prompt.inputVariables;
     if (llmChainInputVariables.length == 1) {
-      llmChainDocumentPromptVar = llmChainInputVariables.first;
-    } else if (llmChainDocumentPromptVar.isEmpty) {
+      mapLlmChainDocumentPromptVar = llmChainInputVariables.first;
+    } else if (mapLlmChainDocumentPromptVar.isEmpty) {
       throw ArgumentError(
         'llmChainDocumentPromptVar must be provided if there are multiple '
         'llmChain input variables',
       );
-    } else if (!llmChainInputVariables.contains(llmChainDocumentPromptVar)) {
+    } else if (!llmChainInputVariables.contains(mapLlmChainDocumentPromptVar)) {
       throw ArgumentError(
-        'llmChainDocumentPromptVar ($llmChainDocumentPromptVar) was not found '
+        'llmChainDocumentPromptVar ($mapLlmChainDocumentPromptVar) was not found '
         'in llmChain input variables',
       );
     }
@@ -143,7 +143,12 @@ class MapReduceDocumentsChain extends BaseCombineDocumentsChain {
   }) async {
     final mapResults = await mapLlmChain.apply(
       docs
-          .map((final d) => {...inputs, llmChainDocumentPromptVar: d})
+          .map(
+            (final d) => {
+              ...inputs,
+              mapLlmChainDocumentPromptVar: d.pageContent,
+            },
+          )
           .toList(growable: false),
     );
 
diff --git a/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/combine_documents/reduce.dart b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/combine_documents/reduce.dart
index 554cabea..95c68861 100644
--- a/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/combine_documents/reduce.dart
+++ b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/combine_documents/reduce.dart
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class ReduceDocumentsChain extends BaseCombineDocumentsChain {
     super.outputKey = defaultOutputKey,
     required this.combineDocumentsChain,
     this.collapseDocumentsChain,
-    this.tokenMax = 3000,
+    this.tokenMax = defaultTokenMax,
   });
 
   /// Final chain to call to combine documents.
@@ -80,12 +80,13 @@ class ReduceDocumentsChain extends BaseCombineDocumentsChain {
   final int tokenMax;
 
   /// Default [inputKey] value.
-  static const String defaultInputKey =
-      BaseCombineDocumentsChain.defaultInputKey;
+  static const defaultInputKey = BaseCombineDocumentsChain.defaultInputKey;
 
   /// Default [outputKey] value.
-  static const String defaultOutputKey =
-      BaseCombineDocumentsChain.defaultOutputKey;
+  static const defaultOutputKey = BaseCombineDocumentsChain.defaultOutputKey;
+
+  /// Default [tokenMax] value.
+  static const defaultTokenMax = 3000;
 
   @override
   String get chainType => 'reduce_documents_chain';
diff --git a/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/combine_documents/stuff.dart b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/combine_documents/stuff.dart
index 613c1209..89a946c1 100644
--- a/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/combine_documents/stuff.dart
+++ b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/combine_documents/stuff.dart
@@ -41,13 +41,10 @@ class StuffDocumentsChain extends BaseCombineDocumentsChain {
     required this.llmChain,
     super.inputKey = defaultInputKey,
     super.outputKey = defaultOutputKey,
-    this.documentPrompt = const PromptTemplate(
-      inputVariables: {StuffDocumentsChain.pageContentPromptVar},
-      template: '{${StuffDocumentsChain.pageContentPromptVar}}',
-    ),
+    this.documentPrompt = defaultDocumentPrompt,
+    this.documentSeparator = defaultDocumentSeparator,
     this.llmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar =
         defaultLlmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar,
-    this.documentSeparator = '\n\n',
   }) {
     _initLlmChainDocumentPromptVar();
   }
@@ -58,23 +55,30 @@ class StuffDocumentsChain extends BaseCombineDocumentsChain {
   /// Prompt to use to format each document.
   final BasePromptTemplate documentPrompt;
 
-  /// The variable name in the [llmChain] where to put the documents in.
-  /// If only one variable in the [llmChain], this doesn't need to be provided.
-  String llmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar;
-
   /// The string with which to join the formatted documents.
   final String documentSeparator;
 
+  /// The variable name in the [llmChain.prompt] where to put the documents in.
+  /// If only one variable in the [llmChain], this doesn't need to be provided.
+  String llmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar;
+
   /// Default [inputKey] value.
-  static const String defaultInputKey =
-      BaseCombineDocumentsChain.defaultInputKey;
+  static const defaultInputKey = BaseCombineDocumentsChain.defaultInputKey;
 
   /// Default [outputKey] value.
-  static const String defaultOutputKey =
-      BaseCombineDocumentsChain.defaultOutputKey;
+  static const defaultOutputKey = BaseCombineDocumentsChain.defaultOutputKey;
+
+  /// Default [documentPrompt] value.
+  static const defaultDocumentPrompt = PromptTemplate(
+    inputVariables: {StuffDocumentsChain.pageContentPromptVar},
+    template: '{${StuffDocumentsChain.pageContentPromptVar}}',
+  );
+
+  /// Default value for [documentSeparator].
+  static const defaultDocumentSeparator = '\n\n';
 
   /// Default value for [llmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar].
-  static const String defaultLlmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar = 'context';
+  static const defaultLlmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar = 'context';
 
   /// Prompt variable to use for the page content.
   static const pageContentPromptVar =
diff --git a/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/llm_chain.dart b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/llm_chain.dart
index dacaf11e..fe246f7e 100644
--- a/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/llm_chain.dart
+++ b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/llm_chain.dart
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class LLMChain<LLMInput extends Object, LLMOptions extends LanguageModelOptions,
   const LLMChain({
     required this.prompt,
     required this.llm,
-    this.outputKey = 'text',
+    this.outputKey = defaultOutputKey,
     this.outputParser,
     this.returnFinalOnly = true,
     this.llmOptions,
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ class LLMChain<LLMInput extends Object, LLMOptions extends LanguageModelOptions,
   /// Options to pass to the language model.
   final LLMOptions? llmOptions;
 
+  /// Default output key.
+  static const defaultOutputKey = 'text';
+
   /// Output key to use for returning the full generation.
   static const fullGenerationOutputKey = 'full_generation';
 
diff --git a/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/summarization/summarization.dart b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/summarization/summarization.dart
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..60c31ecc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/summarization/summarization.dart
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export 'summarize.dart';
diff --git a/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/summarization/summarize.dart b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/summarization/summarize.dart
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3e576d79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/langchain/lib/src/chains/summarization/summarize.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+import '../../model_io/language_models/language_models.dart';
+import '../../model_io/prompts/prompts.dart';
+import '../combine_documents/combine_documents.dart';
+import '../llm_chain.dart';
+
+const _template = '''
+Write a concise summary of the following:
+
+
+"{context}"
+
+
+CONCISE SUMMARY:''';
+
+const _promptTemplate = PromptTemplate(
+  template: _template,
+  inputVariables: {'context'},
+);
+
+/// Chain for summarizing documents.
+///
+/// There are two methods to summarize documents:
+/// - [stuff] uses the [StuffDocumentsChain] to combine all the documents into
+///   a single string, then prompts the model to summarize that string. This
+///   method is limited by the context length limit of the model.
+/// - [mapReduce] uses the [MapReduceDocumentsChain] to summarize each document
+///   individually, then combines the results into a single summary.
+abstract class SummarizeChain {
+  /// The [stuff] method uses the [StuffDocumentsChain] to combine all the
+  /// documents into a single string, then prompts the model to summarize that
+  /// string. This method is limited by the context length limit of the [llm].
+  ///
+  /// - [llm] is the language model to use for summarization.
+  /// - [inputKey] is the input key where the documents to summarize will be
+  ///   placed.
+  /// - [outputKey] is the output key where the summary will be placed.
+  /// - [promptTemplate] is the prompt to use to summarize the documents.
+  ///   The default prompt template instructs the model to create a
+  ///   "concise summary".
+  /// - [documentPrompt] is the prompt to use to format each document before
+  ///   combining them. The default prompt just takes the content of the
+  ///   document.
+  /// - [stuffedDocumentPromptVar] is the variable used in the [promptTemplate]
+  ///   to indicate where the stuffed document should be placed.
+  /// - [documentSeparator] is the separator used to join the documents while
+  ///   stuffing them.
+  ///
+  /// Example:
+  /// ```dart
+  /// final loader = TextLoader('path/to/file.txt');
+  /// final docs = await loader.load();
+  ///
+  /// const textSplitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter();
+  /// final docsChunks = textSplitter.splitDocuments(docs);
+  ///
+  /// final llm = ChatOpenAI(apiKey: openAIKey);
+  /// final summarizeChain = SummarizeChain.stuff(llm: llm);
+  ///
+  /// final summary = await summarizeChain.run(docsChunks);
+  /// ```
+  static StuffDocumentsChain stuff({
+    required final BaseLanguageModel llm,
+    final String inputKey = SummarizeChain.defaultInputKey,
+    final String outputKey = SummarizeChain.defaultOutputKey,
+    final BasePromptTemplate promptTemplate = _promptTemplate,
+    final BasePromptTemplate documentPrompt =
+        StuffDocumentsChain.defaultDocumentPrompt,
+    final String stuffedDocumentPromptVar =
+        StuffDocumentsChain.defaultLlmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar,
+    final String documentSeparator =
+        StuffDocumentsChain.defaultDocumentSeparator,
+  }) {
+    final llmChain = LLMChain(
+      llm: llm,
+      prompt: promptTemplate,
+    );
+
+    return StuffDocumentsChain(
+      llmChain: llmChain,
+      inputKey: inputKey,
+      outputKey: outputKey,
+      documentPrompt: documentPrompt,
+      llmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar: stuffedDocumentPromptVar,
+      documentSeparator: documentSeparator,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// The [mapReduce] method uses the [MapReduceDocumentsChain] to summarize
+  /// each document individually, then combines the results into a single
+  /// summary.
+  ///
+  /// The [MapReduceDocumentsChain] involves two chains behind the scenes:
+  /// - [MapReduceDocumentsChain.mapLlmChain] this is the chain that is applied
+  ///   to each document to create a summary.
+  /// - [MapReduceDocumentsChain.reduceDocumentsChain] this is a
+  ///   [ReduceDocumentsChain] that reduces the summaries of each document into
+  ///   a single summary.
+  ///
+  /// - [llm] is the language model to use for summarization.
+  /// - [summaryMaxTokens] is the maximum number of tokens allowed in the final
+  ///   summary. If the final summary exceeds this limit, it will be collapsed
+  ///   using [collapsePrompt].
+  /// - [inputKey] is the input key where the documents to summarize will be
+  ///   placed.
+  /// - [outputKey] is the output key where the summary will be placed.
+  /// - [mapPrompt] is the prompt to use to summarize each document
+  ///   individually.
+  /// - [mapDocumentPromptVar] is the variable used in the [mapPrompt] to
+  ///   indicate where the document should be placed.
+  /// - [combinePrompt] is the prompt to use to summarize the summaries of each
+  ///   document.
+  /// - [combineLlm] is the language model to use to summarize the summaries of
+  ///   each document. By default, [llm] is used.
+  /// - [combineDocumentPrompt] is the prompt to use to format each individual
+  ///   document before summarizing it. The default prompt just takes the
+  ///   content of the document.
+  /// - [combineDocumentPromptVar] is the variable used in the [combinePrompt]
+  ///   to indicate where the summaries should be placed.
+  /// - [combineDocumentSeparator] is the separator used to join the summaries.
+  /// - [collapsePrompt] is the prompt to use to collapse the final summary if
+  ///   it exceeds the [summaryMaxTokens] limit. By default, [combinePrompt] is used.
+  /// - [collapseLlm] is the language model to use to collapse the final
+  ///   summary. By default, [combineLlm] is used if it is not null, otherwise
+  ///   [llm] is used.
+  /// - [collapseDocumentPrompt] is the prompt to use to format the final
+  ///   summary before collapsing it. The default prompt just takes the content
+  ///   of the document.
+  /// - [collapseDocumentPromptVar] is the variable used in the [collapsePrompt]
+  ///   to indicate where the summary to be collapsed should be placed.
+  /// - [collapseDocumentSeparator] is the separator used to join the summary
+  ///   to be collapsed.
+  /// - [returnIntermediateSteps] indicates whether to return the intermediate
+  ///   steps of the summarization process. If true, the intermediate steps
+  ///   will be placed in the [MapReduceDocumentsChain.intermediateStepsOutputKey]
+  ///   output key.
+  ///
+  /// Example:
+  /// ```dart
+  /// final loader = WebBaseLoader(['https://example.com']);
+  /// final docs = await loader.load();
+  ///
+  /// const textSplitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter();
+  /// final docsChunks = textSplitter.splitDocuments(docs);
+  ///
+  /// final llm = ChatOpenAI(apiKey: openAIKey);
+  /// final summarizeChain = SummarizeChain.mapReduce(llm: llm);
+  ///
+  /// final summary = await summarizeChain.run(docsChunks);
+  /// ```
+  static MapReduceDocumentsChain mapReduce({
+    required final BaseLanguageModel llm,
+    final int summaryMaxTokens = ReduceDocumentsChain.defaultTokenMax,
+    final String inputKey = SummarizeChain.defaultInputKey,
+    final String outputKey = SummarizeChain.defaultOutputKey,
+    final BasePromptTemplate mapPrompt = _promptTemplate,
+    final String mapDocumentPromptVar =
+        MapReduceDocumentsChain.defaultLlmChainDocumentPromptVar,
+    final BasePromptTemplate combinePrompt = _promptTemplate,
+    final BaseLanguageModel? combineLlm,
+    final BasePromptTemplate combineDocumentPrompt =
+        StuffDocumentsChain.defaultDocumentPrompt,
+    final String combineDocumentPromptVar =
+        StuffDocumentsChain.defaultLlmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar,
+    final String combineDocumentSeparator =
+        StuffDocumentsChain.defaultDocumentSeparator,
+    final BasePromptTemplate? collapsePrompt,
+    final BaseLanguageModel? collapseLlm,
+    final BasePromptTemplate collapseDocumentPrompt =
+        StuffDocumentsChain.defaultDocumentPrompt,
+    final String collapseDocumentPromptVar =
+        StuffDocumentsChain.defaultLlmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar,
+    final String collapseDocumentSeparator =
+        StuffDocumentsChain.defaultDocumentSeparator,
+    final bool returnIntermediateSteps = false,
+  }) {
+    final finalCombineLlm = combineLlm ?? llm;
+    final combineLlmChain = LLMChain(
+      llm: finalCombineLlm,
+      prompt: combinePrompt,
+    );
+
+    final combineDocumentsChain = StuffDocumentsChain(
+      llmChain: combineLlmChain,
+      documentPrompt: combineDocumentPrompt,
+      llmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar: combineDocumentPromptVar,
+      documentSeparator: combineDocumentSeparator,
+    );
+
+    StuffDocumentsChain? collapseDocumentsChain;
+    if (collapsePrompt != null) {
+      final finalCollapseLLm = collapseLlm ?? combineLlm ?? llm;
+      final collapseLlmChain = LLMChain(
+        llm: finalCollapseLLm,
+        prompt: collapsePrompt,
+      );
+      collapseDocumentsChain = StuffDocumentsChain(
+        llmChain: collapseLlmChain,
+        documentPrompt: collapseDocumentPrompt,
+        llmChainStuffedDocumentPromptVar: collapseDocumentPromptVar,
+        documentSeparator: collapseDocumentSeparator,
+      );
+    }
+
+    final reduceDocumentsChain = ReduceDocumentsChain(
+      combineDocumentsChain: combineDocumentsChain,
+      collapseDocumentsChain: collapseDocumentsChain,
+      tokenMax: summaryMaxTokens,
+    );
+
+    final mapLlmChain = LLMChain(llm: llm, prompt: mapPrompt);
+
+    return MapReduceDocumentsChain(
+      inputKey: inputKey,
+      outputKey: outputKey,
+      mapLlmChain: mapLlmChain,
+      reduceDocumentsChain: reduceDocumentsChain,
+      mapLlmChainDocumentPromptVar: mapDocumentPromptVar,
+      returnIntermediateSteps: returnIntermediateSteps,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// Default input key for the summarization chain where to place the
+  /// documents to summarize.
+  static const defaultInputKey = BaseCombineDocumentsChain.defaultInputKey;
+
+  /// Default output key for the summarization chain where to place the
+  /// summary.
+  static const defaultOutputKey = BaseCombineDocumentsChain.defaultOutputKey;
+}
diff --git a/packages/langchain/lib/src/documents/transformers/text_splitters/recursive_character.dart b/packages/langchain/lib/src/documents/transformers/text_splitters/recursive_character.dart
index dde056a9..b6cccfd1 100644
--- a/packages/langchain/lib/src/documents/transformers/text_splitters/recursive_character.dart
+++ b/packages/langchain/lib/src/documents/transformers/text_splitters/recursive_character.dart
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ class RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter extends TextSplitter {
   /// {@macro recursive_character_text_splitter}
   const RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter({
     this.separators = const ['\n\n', '\n', ' ', ''],
-    super.chunkSize,
-    super.chunkOverlap,
-    super.lengthFunction,
+    super.chunkSize = 4000,
+    super.chunkOverlap = 200,
+    super.lengthFunction = TextSplitter.defaultLengthFunction,
     super.keepSeparator = true,
-    super.addStartIndex,
+    super.addStartIndex = false,
   });
 
   final List<String> separators;
diff --git a/packages/langchain/lib/src/documents/transformers/text_splitters/text_splitter.dart b/packages/langchain/lib/src/documents/transformers/text_splitters/text_splitter.dart
index 71e2e654..6c1b4fca 100644
--- a/packages/langchain/lib/src/documents/transformers/text_splitters/text_splitter.dart
+++ b/packages/langchain/lib/src/documents/transformers/text_splitters/text_splitter.dart
@@ -4,10 +4,6 @@ import 'package:meta/meta.dart';
 import '../../models/models.dart';
 import '../base.dart';
 
-/// Default length function for [TextSplitter].
-/// Measures the length of the given chunk by counting its characters.
-int _defaultLengthFunction(final String chunk) => chunk.characters.length;
-
 /// {@template text_splitter}
 /// Interface for splitting text into chunks.
 /// {@endtemplate}
@@ -15,7 +11,7 @@ abstract class TextSplitter implements BaseDocumentTransformer {
   const TextSplitter({
     this.chunkSize = 4000,
     this.chunkOverlap = 200,
-    this.lengthFunction = _defaultLengthFunction,
+    this.lengthFunction = defaultLengthFunction,
     this.keepSeparator = false,
     this.addStartIndex = false,
   }) : assert(chunkOverlap <= chunkSize);
@@ -35,6 +31,11 @@ abstract class TextSplitter implements BaseDocumentTransformer {
   /// If `true`, includes chunk's `start_index` in metadata.
   final bool addStartIndex;
 
+  /// Default length function for [TextSplitter].
+  /// Measures the length of the given chunk by counting its characters.
+  static int defaultLengthFunction(final String chunk) =>
+      chunk.characters.length;
+
   /// Split text into multiple components.
   List<String> splitText(final String text);
 
diff --git a/packages/langchain/lib/src/model_io/llms/fake.dart b/packages/langchain/lib/src/model_io/llms/fake.dart
index a7b1b776..f92f0c80 100644
--- a/packages/langchain/lib/src/model_io/llms/fake.dart
+++ b/packages/langchain/lib/src/model_io/llms/fake.dart
@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ class FakeListLLM extends SimpleLLM {
     required this.responses,
   });
 
+  /// Responses to return in order when called.
   final List<String> responses;
-  int i = 0;
+
+  int _i = 0;
 
   @override
   String get modelType => 'fake-list';
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ class FakeListLLM extends SimpleLLM {
     final String prompt, {
     final LLMOptions? options,
   }) {
-    return Future<String>.value(responses[i++ % responses.length]);
+    return Future<String>.value(responses[_i++ % responses.length]);
   }
 
   @override
@@ -64,3 +66,43 @@ class FakeEchoLLM extends SimpleLLM {
         .toList(growable: false);
   }
 }
+
+/// {@template fake_handler_llm}
+/// Fake LLM for testing.
+/// It returns the string returned by the [handler] function.
+/// {@endtemplate}
+class FakeHandlerLLM extends SimpleLLM {
+  /// {@macro fake_handler_llm}
+  FakeHandlerLLM({
+    required this.handler,
+  });
+
+  /// Function called to generate the response.
+  final String Function(
+    String prompt,
+    LLMOptions? options,
+    int callCount,
+  ) handler;
+
+  int _callCount = 0;
+
+  @override
+  String get modelType => 'fake-handler';
+
+  @override
+  Future<String> callInternal(
+    final String prompt, {
+    final LLMOptions? options,
+  }) {
+    return Future.value(handler(prompt, options, ++_callCount));
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<List<int>> tokenize(final PromptValue promptValue) async {
+    return promptValue
+        .toString()
+        .split(' ')
+        .map((final word) => word.hashCode)
+        .toList(growable: false);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/langchain/test/chains/combine_documents/stuff.dart b/packages/langchain/test/chains/combine_documents/stuff.dart
index c3b1cd03..70566840 100644
--- a/packages/langchain/test/chains/combine_documents/stuff.dart
+++ b/packages/langchain/test/chains/combine_documents/stuff.dart
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ void main() {
         'input_documents': docs,
       });
       expect(res['foo'], foo);
-      expect(res['input_documents'], docs);
+      expect(res[StuffDocumentsChain.defaultInputKey], docs);
       expect(
-        res['output_text'],
+        res[StuffDocumentsChain.defaultOutputKey],
         'Print Hello world!. Context: Hello 1!\n\nHello 2!',
       );
     });
diff --git a/packages/langchain/test/chains/summarization/summarize.dart b/packages/langchain/test/chains/summarization/summarize.dart
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7e2ff1cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/langchain/test/chains/summarization/summarize.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+import 'package:langchain/langchain.dart';
+import 'package:test/test.dart';
+
+void main() {
+  group('SummarizeChain tests', () {
+    test('Test SummarizeChain.stuff', () async {
+      final llm = FakeHandlerLLM(
+        handler: (final prompt, final options, final callCount) {
+          switch (callCount) {
+            case 1:
+              expect(
+                prompt,
+                'Write a concise summary of the following:\n\n\n"Hello 1!\n\nHello 2!"\n\n\nCONCISE SUMMARY:',
+              );
+              return 'Hello 12!';
+            default:
+              throw TestFailure('Unexpected call count: $callCount');
+          }
+        },
+      );
+
+      final stuffSummarizeChain = SummarizeChain.stuff(llm: llm);
+
+      const docs = [
+        Document(pageContent: 'Hello 1!'),
+        Document(pageContent: 'Hello 2!'),
+      ];
+      final res = await stuffSummarizeChain.call({
+        SummarizeChain.defaultInputKey: docs,
+      });
+
+      expect(res[SummarizeChain.defaultOutputKey], 'Hello 12!');
+    });
+
+    test('Test SummarizeChain.mapReduce', () async {
+      final llm = FakeHandlerLLM(
+        handler: (final prompt, final options, final callCount) {
+          switch (callCount) {
+            case 1:
+              expect(
+                prompt,
+                'Write a concise summary of the following:\n\n\n"Hello 1!"\n\n\nCONCISE SUMMARY:',
+              );
+              return '1';
+            case 2:
+              expect(
+                prompt,
+                'Write a concise summary of the following:\n\n\n"Hello 2!"\n\n\nCONCISE SUMMARY:',
+              );
+              return '2';
+            case 3:
+              expect(
+                prompt,
+                'Write a concise summary of the following:\n\n\n"Hello 3!"\n\n\nCONCISE SUMMARY:',
+              );
+              return '3';
+            case 4:
+              expect(
+                prompt,
+                'Write a concise summary of the following:\n\n\n"1\n\n2\n\n3"\n\n\nCONCISE SUMMARY:',
+              );
+              return 'Hello 123!';
+            default:
+              throw TestFailure('Unexpected call count: $callCount');
+          }
+        },
+      );
+
+      final mapReduceSummarizeChain = SummarizeChain.mapReduce(llm: llm);
+
+      const docs = [
+        Document(pageContent: 'Hello 1!'),
+        Document(pageContent: 'Hello 2!'),
+        Document(pageContent: 'Hello 3!'),
+      ];
+      final res = await mapReduceSummarizeChain.call({
+        SummarizeChain.defaultInputKey: docs,
+      });
+
+      expect(res[SummarizeChain.defaultOutputKey], 'Hello 123!');
+    });
+  });
+}