diff --git a/python/helpers/lib/parser.py b/python/helpers/lib/parser.py
index b167318db4e..d4833d51b18 100644
--- a/python/helpers/lib/parser.py
+++ b/python/helpers/lib/parser.py
@@ -11,11 +11,62 @@
     install_req_from_line,
     install_req_from_parsed_requirement,
 )
+
+from packaging.requirements import InvalidRequirement, Requirement
+import toml
+
 # Inspired by pips internal check:
 # https://github.com/pypa/pip/blob/0bb3ac87f5bb149bd75cceac000844128b574385/src/pip/_internal/req/req_file.py#L35
 COMMENT_RE = re.compile(r'(^|\s+)#.*$')
 
 
+def parse_pep621_dependencies(pyproject_path):
+    DEPENDENCY_TYPES = ['dependencies', 'optional-dependencies']
+
+    def version_from_req(specifier_set):
+        if (len(specifier_set) == 1 and
+                next(iter(specifier_set)).operator in {"==", "==="}):
+            return next(iter(specifier_set)).version
+
+    def flatten(foo):
+        for x in foo:
+            if hasattr(x, '__iter__') and not isinstance(x, str):
+                for y in flatten(x):
+                    yield y
+            else:
+                yield x
+
+    def parse_dependencies(dependency_type):
+        dependencies = []
+        requirement_packages = []
+
+        try:
+            project = toml.load(pyproject_path)['project']
+            if dependency_type in project:
+                dependencies = flatten(project[dependency_type])
+            for dependency in dependencies:
+                req = Requirement(dependency)
+                requirement_packages.append({
+                    "name": req.name,
+                    "version": version_from_req(req.specifier),
+                    "markers": str(req.marker) or None,
+                    "file": pyproject_path,
+                    "requirement": str(req.specifier),
+                    "requirement_type": dependency_type,
+                    "extras": sorted(list(req.extras))
+                })
+        except KeyError as e:
+            print(json.dumps({"error": repr(e)}))
+            exit(1)
+        except InvalidRequirement as e:
+            print(json.dumps({"error": repr(e)}))
+            exit(1)
+        else:
+            return requirement_packages
+
+    parsed_dependencies = list(map(parse_dependencies, DEPENDENCY_TYPES))
+    return json.dumps({"result": parsed_dependencies})
+
 def parse_requirements(directory):
     # Parse the requirements.txt
     requirement_packages = []
diff --git a/python/helpers/run.py b/python/helpers/run.py
index 26961e502d2..f80f8ff2ec5 100644
--- a/python/helpers/run.py
+++ b/python/helpers/run.py
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
         print(parser.parse_requirements(args["args"][0]))
     elif args["function"] == "parse_setup":
         print(parser.parse_setup(args["args"][0]))
+    elif args["function"] == "parse_pep621_dependencies":
+        print(parser.parse_pep621_dependencies(args["args"][0]))
     elif args["function"] == "get_dependency_hash":
         print(hasher.get_dependency_hash(*args["args"]))
     elif args["function"] == "get_pipfile_hash":
diff --git a/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_fetcher.rb b/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_fetcher.rb
index 5a2aea67c47..1318c875d5a 100644
--- a/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_fetcher.rb
+++ b/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_fetcher.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 require "dependabot/file_fetchers"
 require "dependabot/file_fetchers/base"
 require "dependabot/python/requirement_parser"
-require "dependabot/python/file_parser/poetry_files_parser"
+require "dependabot/python/file_parser/pyproject_files_parser"
 require "dependabot/errors"
 
 module Dependabot
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def self.required_files_in?(filenames)
         # If this repo is using a Pipfile return true
         return true if filenames.include?("Pipfile")
 
-        # If this repo is using Poetry return true
+        # If this repo is using pyproject.toml return true
         return true if filenames.include?("pyproject.toml")
 
         return true if filenames.include?("setup.py")
@@ -296,8 +296,8 @@ def fetch_path_setup_file(path, allow_pyproject: false)
               fetch_submodules: true
             ).tap { |f| f.support_file = true }
           rescue Dependabot::DependencyFileNotFound
-            # For Poetry projects attempt to fetch a pyproject.toml at the
-            # given path instead of a setup.py. We do not require a
+            # For projects with pyproject.toml attempt to fetch a pyproject.toml
+            # at the given path instead of a setup.py. We do not require a
             # setup.py to be present, so if none can be found, simply return
             return [] unless allow_pyproject
 
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ def poetry_path_setup_file_paths
         return [] unless pyproject
 
         paths = []
-        Dependabot::Python::FileParser::PoetryFilesParser::POETRY_DEPENDENCY_TYPES.each do |dep_type|
+        Dependabot::Python::FileParser::PyprojectFilesParser::POETRY_DEPENDENCY_TYPES.each do |dep_type|
           next unless parsed_pyproject.dig("tool", "poetry", dep_type)
 
           parsed_pyproject.dig("tool", "poetry", dep_type).each do |_, req|
diff --git a/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_parser.rb b/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_parser.rb
index 0aa6c1e750c..8ecc641763a 100644
--- a/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_parser.rb
+++ b/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_parser.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-require "toml-rb"
 require "dependabot/dependency"
 require "dependabot/file_parsers"
 require "dependabot/file_parsers/base"
@@ -15,11 +14,9 @@ module Dependabot
   module Python
     class FileParser < Dependabot::FileParsers::Base
       require_relative "file_parser/pipfile_files_parser"
-      require_relative "file_parser/poetry_files_parser"
+      require_relative "file_parser/pyproject_files_parser"
       require_relative "file_parser/setup_file_parser"
 
-      POETRY_DEPENDENCY_TYPES =
-        %w(tool.poetry.dependencies tool.poetry.dev-dependencies).freeze
       DEPENDENCY_GROUP_KEYS = [
         {
           pipfile: "packages",
@@ -42,7 +39,7 @@ def parse
         dependency_set = DependencySet.new
 
         dependency_set += pipenv_dependencies if pipfile
-        dependency_set += poetry_dependencies if using_poetry?
+        dependency_set += pyproject_file_dependencies if pyproject
         dependency_set += requirement_dependencies if requirement_files.any?
         dependency_set += setup_file_dependencies if setup_file || setup_cfg_file
 
@@ -62,9 +59,9 @@ def pipenv_dependencies
           dependency_set
       end
 
-      def poetry_dependencies
-        @poetry_dependencies ||=
-          PoetryFilesParser.
+      def pyproject_file_dependencies
+        @pyproject_file_dependencies ||=
+          PyprojectFilesParser.
           new(dependency_files: dependency_files).
           dependency_set
       end
@@ -105,18 +102,6 @@ def group_from_filename(filename)
         end
       end
 
-      def included_in_pipenv_deps?(dep_name)
-        return false unless pipfile
-
-        pipenv_dependencies.dependencies.map(&:name).include?(dep_name)
-      end
-
-      def included_in_poetry_deps?(dep_name)
-        return false unless using_poetry?
-
-        poetry_dependencies.dependencies.map(&:name).include?(dep_name)
-      end
-
       def blocking_marker?(dep)
         return false if dep["markers"] == "None"
         return true if dep["markers"].include?("<")
@@ -215,15 +200,6 @@ def pipfile_lock
         @pipfile_lock ||= get_original_file("Pipfile.lock")
       end
 
-      def using_poetry?
-        return false unless pyproject
-        return true if poetry_lock || pyproject_lock
-
-        !TomlRB.parse(pyproject.content).dig("tool", "poetry").nil?
-      rescue TomlRB::ParseError, TomlRB::ValueOverwriteError
-        raise Dependabot::DependencyFileNotParseable, pyproject.path
-      end
-
       def output_file_regex(filename)
         "--output-file[=\s]+#{Regexp.escape(filename)}(?:\s|$)"
       end
diff --git a/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_parser/poetry_files_parser.rb b/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_parser/pyproject_files_parser.rb
similarity index 70%
rename from python/lib/dependabot/python/file_parser/poetry_files_parser.rb
rename to python/lib/dependabot/python/file_parser/pyproject_files_parser.rb
index f604718f8f6..fe91f52a63f 100644
--- a/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_parser/poetry_files_parser.rb
+++ b/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_parser/pyproject_files_parser.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 module Dependabot
   module Python
     class FileParser
-      class PoetryFilesParser
+      class PyprojectFilesParser
         POETRY_DEPENDENCY_TYPES = %w(dependencies dev-dependencies).freeze
 
         # https://python-poetry.org/docs/dependency-specification/
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ def initialize(dependency_files:)
         def dependency_set
           dependency_set = Dependabot::FileParsers::Base::DependencySet.new
 
-          dependency_set += pyproject_dependencies
+          dependency_set += pyproject_dependencies if using_poetry? || using_pep621?
           dependency_set += lockfile_dependencies if lockfile
 
           dependency_set
@@ -36,6 +36,14 @@ def dependency_set
         attr_reader :dependency_files
 
         def pyproject_dependencies
+          if using_poetry?
+            poetry_dependencies
+          else
+            pep621_dependencies
+          end
+        end
+
+        def poetry_dependencies
           dependencies = Dependabot::FileParsers::Base::DependencySet.new
 
           POETRY_DEPENDENCY_TYPES.each do |type|
@@ -59,6 +67,38 @@ def pyproject_dependencies
           dependencies
         end
 
+        def pep621_dependencies
+          dependencies = Dependabot::FileParsers::Base::DependencySet.new
+
+          parsed_pep621_dependencies.each do |dep|
+            # If a requirement has a `<` or `<=` marker then updating it is
+            # probably blocked. Ignore it.
+            next if dep["markers"].include?("<")
+
+            # If no requirement, don't add it
+            next if dep["requirement"].empty?
+
+            dependencies <<
+              Dependency.new(
+                name: normalised_name(dep["name"], dep["extras"]),
+                version: dep["version"]&.include?("*") ? nil : dep["version"],
+                requirements: [{
+                  requirement: dep["requirement"],
+                  file: Pathname.new(dep["file"]).cleanpath.to_path,
+                  source: nil,
+                  groups: [dep["requirement_type"]]
+                }],
+                package_manager: "pip"
+              )
+          end
+
+          dependencies
+        end
+
+        def normalised_name(name, extras)
+          NameNormaliser.normalise_including_extras(name, extras)
+        end
+
         # @param req can be an Array, Hash or String that represents the constraints for a dependency
         def parse_requirements_from(req, type)
           [req].flatten.compact.filter_map do |requirement|
@@ -75,6 +115,14 @@ def parse_requirements_from(req, type)
           end
         end
 
+        def using_poetry?
+          !parsed_pyproject.dig("tool", "poetry").nil?
+        end
+
+        def using_pep621?
+          !parsed_pyproject.dig("project", "dependencies").nil?
+        end
+
         # Create a DependencySet where each element has no requirement. Any
         # requirements will be added when combining the DependencySet with
         # other DependencySets.
@@ -146,6 +194,24 @@ def lockfile
           poetry_lock || pyproject_lock
         end
 
+        def parsed_pep621_dependencies
+          SharedHelpers.in_a_temporary_directory do
+            write_temporary_pyproject
+
+            SharedHelpers.run_helper_subprocess(
+              command: "pyenv exec python #{NativeHelpers.python_helper_path}",
+              function: "parse_pep621_dependencies",
+              args: [pyproject.name]
+            )
+          end
+        end
+
+        def write_temporary_pyproject
+          path = pyproject.name
+          FileUtils.mkdir_p(Pathname.new(path).dirname)
+          File.write(path, pyproject.content)
+        end
+
         def parsed_lockfile
           return parsed_poetry_lock if poetry_lock
           return parsed_pyproject_lock if pyproject_lock
diff --git a/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_updater.rb b/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_updater.rb
index 75414ec0a96..94cea9f6070 100644
--- a/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_updater.rb
+++ b/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_updater.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
+require "toml-rb"
 require "dependabot/file_updaters"
 require "dependabot/file_updaters/base"
 require "dependabot/shared_helpers"
@@ -61,7 +62,13 @@ def resolver_type
         # Otherwise, this is a top-level dependency, and we can figure out
         # which resolver to use based on the filename of its requirements
         return :pipfile if changed_req_files.any?("Pipfile")
-        return :poetry if changed_req_files.any?("pyproject.toml")
+
+        if changed_req_files.any?("pyproject.toml")
+          return :poetry if poetry_based?
+
+          return :requirements
+        end
+
         return :pip_compile if changed_req_files.any? { |f| f.end_with?(".in") }
 
         :requirements
@@ -119,6 +126,12 @@ def check_required_files
         raise "Missing required files!"
       end
 
+      def poetry_based?
+        return false unless pyproject
+
+        !TomlRB.parse(pyproject.content).dig("tool", "poetry").nil?
+      end
+
       def pipfile
         @pipfile ||= get_original_file("Pipfile")
       end
diff --git a/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_updater/poetry_file_updater.rb b/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_updater/poetry_file_updater.rb
index 9b53ac74e45..1fba530ea2f 100644
--- a/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_updater/poetry_file_updater.rb
+++ b/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_updater/poetry_file_updater.rb
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ def freeze_dependencies_being_updated(pyproject_content)
         end
 
         def lock_declaration_to_new_version!(poetry_object, dep)
-          Dependabot::Python::FileParser::PoetryFilesParser::POETRY_DEPENDENCY_TYPES.each do |type|
+          Dependabot::Python::FileParser::PyprojectFilesParser::POETRY_DEPENDENCY_TYPES.each do |type|
             names = poetry_object[type]&.keys || []
             pkg_name = names.find { |nm| normalise(nm) == dep.name }
             next unless pkg_name
diff --git a/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_updater/pyproject_preparer.rb b/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_updater/pyproject_preparer.rb
index 72fd1649664..08fca9222b7 100644
--- a/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_updater/pyproject_preparer.rb
+++ b/python/lib/dependabot/python/file_updater/pyproject_preparer.rb
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def freeze_top_level_dependencies_except(dependencies)
           poetry_object = pyproject_object["tool"]["poetry"]
           excluded_names = dependencies.map(&:name) + ["python"]
 
-          Dependabot::Python::FileParser::PoetryFilesParser::POETRY_DEPENDENCY_TYPES.each do |key|
+          Dependabot::Python::FileParser::PyprojectFilesParser::POETRY_DEPENDENCY_TYPES.each do |key|
             next unless poetry_object[key]
 
             source_types = %w(directory file url)
diff --git a/python/lib/dependabot/python/update_checker.rb b/python/lib/dependabot/python/update_checker.rb
index ef673477d86..32ed70fab41 100644
--- a/python/lib/dependabot/python/update_checker.rb
+++ b/python/lib/dependabot/python/update_checker.rb
@@ -144,7 +144,9 @@ def resolver_type
         # Otherwise, this is a top-level dependency, and we can figure out
         # which resolver to use based on the filename of its requirements
         return :pipenv if req_files.any?("Pipfile")
-        return :poetry if req_files.any?("pyproject.toml")
+
+        return pyproject_resolver if req_files.any?("pyproject.toml")
+
         return :pip_compile if req_files.any? { |f| f.end_with?(".in") }
 
         if dependency.version && !exact_requirement?(reqs)
@@ -162,6 +164,12 @@ def subdependency_resolver
         raise "Claimed to be a sub-dependency, but no lockfile exists!"
       end
 
+      def pyproject_resolver
+        return :poetry if poetry_based?
+
+        :requirements
+      end
+
       def exact_requirement?(reqs)
         reqs = reqs.map { |r| r.fetch(:requirement) }
         reqs = reqs.compact
@@ -261,22 +269,23 @@ def latest_version_finder
         )
       end
 
+      def poetry_based?
+        pyproject && !poetry_details.nil?
+      end
+
       def poetry_library?
-        return false unless pyproject
+        return false unless poetry_based?
 
         # Hit PyPi and check whether there are details for a library with a
         # matching name and description
-        details = TomlRB.parse(pyproject.content).dig("tool", "poetry")
-        return false unless details
-
         index_response = Dependabot::RegistryClient.get(
-          url: "https://pypi.org/pypi/#{normalised_name(details['name'])}/json/"
+          url: "https://pypi.org/pypi/#{normalised_name(poetry_details['name'])}/json/"
         )
 
         return false unless index_response.status == 200
 
         pypi_info = JSON.parse(index_response.body)["info"] || {}
-        pypi_info["summary"] == details["description"]
+        pypi_info["summary"] == poetry_details["description"]
       rescue URI::InvalidURIError
         false
       end
@@ -305,6 +314,10 @@ def poetry_lock
         dependency_files.find { |f| f.name == "poetry.lock" }
       end
 
+      def poetry_details
+        @poetry_details ||= TomlRB.parse(pyproject.content).dig("tool", "poetry")
+      end
+
       def pip_compile_files
         dependency_files.select { |f| f.name.end_with?(".in") }
       end
diff --git a/python/lib/dependabot/python/update_checker/poetry_version_resolver.rb b/python/lib/dependabot/python/update_checker/poetry_version_resolver.rb
index acd20b774d5..f4343fdade8 100644
--- a/python/lib/dependabot/python/update_checker/poetry_version_resolver.rb
+++ b/python/lib/dependabot/python/update_checker/poetry_version_resolver.rb
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ def set_target_dependency_req(pyproject_content, updated_requirement)
           pyproject_object = TomlRB.parse(pyproject_content)
           poetry_object = pyproject_object.dig("tool", "poetry")
 
-          Dependabot::Python::FileParser::PoetryFilesParser::POETRY_DEPENDENCY_TYPES.each do |type|
+          Dependabot::Python::FileParser::PyprojectFilesParser::POETRY_DEPENDENCY_TYPES.each do |type|
             names = poetry_object[type]&.keys || []
             pkg_name = names.find { |nm| normalise(nm) == dependency.name }
             next unless pkg_name
diff --git a/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_parser/poetry_files_parser_spec.rb b/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_parser/pyproject_files_parser_spec.rb
similarity index 79%
rename from python/spec/dependabot/python/file_parser/poetry_files_parser_spec.rb
rename to python/spec/dependabot/python/file_parser/pyproject_files_parser_spec.rb
index b0d3bf6ee7e..014ee07307c 100644
--- a/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_parser/poetry_files_parser_spec.rb
+++ b/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_parser/pyproject_files_parser_spec.rb
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 
 require "spec_helper"
 require "dependabot/dependency_file"
-require "dependabot/python/file_parser/poetry_files_parser"
+require "dependabot/python/file_parser/pyproject_files_parser"
 
-RSpec.describe Dependabot::Python::FileParser::PoetryFilesParser do
+RSpec.describe Dependabot::Python::FileParser::PyprojectFilesParser do
   let(:parser) { described_class.new(dependency_files: files) }
 
   let(:files) { [pyproject] }
@@ -17,9 +17,10 @@
   let(:pyproject_body) do
     fixture("pyproject_files", pyproject_fixture_name)
   end
-  let(:pyproject_fixture_name) { "pyproject.toml" }
 
-  describe "parse" do
+  describe "parse poetry files" do
+    let(:pyproject_fixture_name) { "poetry.toml" }
+
     subject(:dependencies) { parser.dependency_set.dependencies }
 
     context "without a lockfile" do
@@ -102,17 +103,17 @@
     end
 
     context "with a lockfile" do
-      let(:files) { [pyproject, pyproject_lock] }
-      let(:pyproject_lock) do
+      let(:files) { [pyproject, poetry_lock] }
+      let(:poetry_lock) do
         Dependabot::DependencyFile.new(
-          name: "pyproject.lock",
+          name: "poetry.lock",
           content: pyproject_lock_body
         )
       end
       let(:pyproject_lock_body) do
         fixture("pyproject_locks", pyproject_lock_fixture_name)
       end
-      let(:pyproject_lock_fixture_name) { "pyproject.lock" }
+      let(:pyproject_lock_fixture_name) { "poetry.lock" }
 
       its(:length) { is_expected.to eq(36) }
 
@@ -120,11 +121,11 @@
         expect(dependencies.map(&:name)).to_not include("python")
       end
 
-      context "that is called poetry.lock" do
-        let(:files) { [pyproject, poetry_lock] }
-        let(:poetry_lock) do
+      context "that is called pyproject.lock (legacy name)" do
+        let(:files) { [pyproject, pyproject_lock] }
+        let(:pyproject_lock) do
           Dependabot::DependencyFile.new(
-            name: "poetry.lock",
+            name: "pyproject.lock",
             content: pyproject_lock_body
           )
         end
@@ -228,4 +229,46 @@
       end
     end
   end
+
+  describe "parse standard python files" do
+    let(:pyproject_fixture_name) { "standard_python.toml" }
+
+    subject(:dependencies) { parser.dependency_set.dependencies }
+
+    its(:length) { is_expected.to eq(1) }
+
+    context "with a string declaration" do
+      subject(:dependency) { dependencies.first }
+
+      it "has the right details" do
+        expect(dependency).to be_a(Dependabot::Dependency)
+        expect(dependency.name).to eq("ansys-templates")
+        expect(dependency.version).to eq("0.3.0")
+        expect(dependency.requirements).to eq(
+          [{
+            requirement: "==0.3.0",
+            file: "pyproject.toml",
+            groups: [nil],
+            source: nil
+          }]
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "without dependencies" do
+      let(:pyproject_fixture_name) { "no_dependencies.toml" }
+
+      subject(:dependencies) { parser.dependency_set.dependencies }
+
+      its(:length) { is_expected.to eq(0) }
+    end
+
+    context "with dependencies with empty requirements" do
+      let(:pyproject_fixture_name) { "no_requirements.toml" }
+
+      subject(:dependencies) { parser.dependency_set.dependencies }
+
+      its(:length) { is_expected.to eq(0) }
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_parser_spec.rb b/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_parser_spec.rb
index fb944a54dd5..cfd97c477b2 100644
--- a/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_parser_spec.rb
+++ b/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_parser_spec.rb
@@ -1212,18 +1212,18 @@
       end
     end
 
-    context "with a pyproject.toml and pyproject.lock" do
+    context "with a pyproject.toml in poetry format and pyproject.lock legacy poetry lock file" do
       let(:files) { [pyproject, pyproject_lock] }
       let(:pyproject) do
         Dependabot::DependencyFile.new(
           name: "pyproject.toml",
-          content: fixture("pyproject_files", "pyproject.toml")
+          content: fixture("pyproject_files", "poetry.toml")
         )
       end
       let(:pyproject_lock) do
         Dependabot::DependencyFile.new(
           name: "pyproject.lock",
-          content: fixture("pyproject_locks", "pyproject.lock")
+          content: fixture("pyproject_locks", "poetry.lock")
         )
       end
 
diff --git a/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_updater/pipfile_file_updater_spec.rb b/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_updater/pipfile_file_updater_spec.rb
index fae5cc0b6ba..fd936a86543 100644
--- a/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_updater/pipfile_file_updater_spec.rb
+++ b/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_updater/pipfile_file_updater_spec.rb
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
         let(:pyproject) do
           Dependabot::DependencyFile.new(
             name: "pyproject.toml",
-            content: fixture("pyproject_files", "pyproject.toml")
+            content: fixture("pyproject_files", "poetry.toml")
           )
         end
 
diff --git a/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_updater/pyproject_preparer_spec.rb b/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_updater/pyproject_preparer_spec.rb
index f48fd41a648..5e665ded0b2 100644
--- a/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_updater/pyproject_preparer_spec.rb
+++ b/python/spec/dependabot/python/file_updater/pyproject_preparer_spec.rb
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
   end
   let(:lockfile) { nil }
   let(:pyproject_content) { fixture("pyproject_files", pyproject_fixture_name) }
-  let(:pyproject_fixture_name) { "pyproject.toml" }
+  let(:pyproject_fixture_name) { "poetry.toml" }
 
   describe "#add_auth_env_vars" do
     it "adds auth env vars when a token is present" do
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 
     it "doesn't break when there are no private sources" do
       preparer = Dependabot::Python::FileUpdater::PyprojectPreparer.new(
-        pyproject_content: fixture("pyproject_files", "pyproject.toml"),
+        pyproject_content: pyproject_content,
         lockfile: nil
       )
       expect { preparer.add_auth_env_vars(nil) }.not_to raise_error
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
     let(:pyproject_lock_body) do
       fixture("pyproject_locks", pyproject_lock_fixture_name)
     end
-    let(:pyproject_lock_fixture_name) { "pyproject.lock" }
+    let(:pyproject_lock_fixture_name) { "poetry.lock" }
 
     context "with no dependencies to except" do
       let(:dependencies) { [] }
diff --git a/python/spec/dependabot/python/update_checker/pipenv_version_resolver_spec.rb b/python/spec/dependabot/python/update_checker/pipenv_version_resolver_spec.rb
index aec3147ccc5..dcdbaa4a76c 100644
--- a/python/spec/dependabot/python/update_checker/pipenv_version_resolver_spec.rb
+++ b/python/spec/dependabot/python/update_checker/pipenv_version_resolver_spec.rb
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
         let(:pyproject) do
           Dependabot::DependencyFile.new(
             name: "pyproject.toml",
-            content: fixture("pyproject_files", "pyproject.toml")
+            content: fixture("pyproject_files", "poetry.toml")
           )
         end
 
diff --git a/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/no_dependencies.toml b/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/no_dependencies.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c6d60e1a4a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/no_dependencies.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = ["flit_core >=3.2,<4"]
+build-backend = "flit_core.buildapi"
+
+[project]
+name = "pkgtest"
+authors = [{name = "Sample", email = "sample.project@example.org"}]
+license = {file = "LICENSE"}
+classifiers = ["License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License"]
+dynamic = ["version", "description"]
diff --git a/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/no_requirements.toml b/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/no_requirements.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..48022376300
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/no_requirements.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = ["hatchling", "hatch-fancy-pypi-readme"]
+build-backend = "hatchling.build"
+
+[project]
+name = "httpx"
+description = "The next generation HTTP client."
+license = "BSD-3-Clause"
+requires-python = ">=3.7"
+authors = [
+    { name = "Tom Christie", email = "tom@tomchristie.com" },
+]
+classifiers = [
+    "Development Status :: 4 - Beta",
+    "Environment :: Web Environment",
+    "Framework :: AsyncIO",
+    "Framework :: Trio",
+    "Intended Audience :: Developers",
+    "License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License",
+    "Operating System :: OS Independent",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
+    "Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP",
+]
+dependencies = [
+    "certifi"
+]
diff --git a/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/pyproject.toml b/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/poetry.toml
similarity index 100%
rename from python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/pyproject.toml
rename to python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/poetry.toml
diff --git a/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/standard_python.toml b/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/standard_python.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a7c4bf33f69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_files/standard_python.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = ["flit_core >=3.2,<4"]
+build-backend = "flit_core.buildapi"
+
+[project]
+name = "pkgtest"
+authors = [{name = "Sample", email = "sample.project@example.org"}]
+license = {file = "LICENSE"}
+classifiers = ["License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License"]
+dynamic = ["version", "description"]
+dependencies = [
+   "ansys-templates==0.3.0",
+]
+
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+socks = [ 'PySocks >= 1.5.6, != 1.5.7, < 2' ]
+tests = [
+  'ddt >= 1.2.2, < 2',
+  'pytest < 6',
+  'mock >= 1.0.1, < 4; python_version < "3.4"',
+]
diff --git a/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_locks/pyproject.lock b/python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_locks/poetry.lock
similarity index 100%
rename from python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_locks/pyproject.lock
rename to python/spec/fixtures/pyproject_locks/poetry.lock