diff --git a/app/src/lib/databases/repositories-database.ts b/app/src/lib/databases/repositories-database.ts
index cb777337dcd..106c026968a 100644
--- a/app/src/lib/databases/repositories-database.ts
+++ b/app/src/lib/databases/repositories-database.ts
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ export interface IDatabaseRepository {
   readonly id?: number
   readonly gitHubRepositoryID: number | null
   readonly path: string
+  readonly alias: string | null
   readonly missing: boolean
 
   /** The last time the stash entries were checked for the repository */
diff --git a/app/src/lib/feature-flag.ts b/app/src/lib/feature-flag.ts
index d1ef18d4f44..b457c9b8b83 100644
--- a/app/src/lib/feature-flag.ts
+++ b/app/src/lib/feature-flag.ts
@@ -175,3 +175,8 @@ export function enableUpdateFromRosettaToARM64(): boolean {
 export function enableSaveDialogOnCloneRepository(): boolean {
   return enableBetaFeatures()
 }
+
+/** Should we allow setting repository aliases? */
+export function enableRepositoryAliases(): boolean {
+  return enableBetaFeatures()
+}
diff --git a/app/src/lib/stores/app-store.ts b/app/src/lib/stores/app-store.ts
index 118ed050357..d5a87e1ae6b 100644
--- a/app/src/lib/stores/app-store.ts
+++ b/app/src/lib/stores/app-store.ts
@@ -1451,6 +1451,13 @@ export class AppStore extends TypedBaseStore<IAppState> {
     previousRepositoryId: number | null,
     currentRepositoryId: number
   ) {
+    // No need to update the recent repositories if the selected repository is
+    // the same as the old one (this could happen when the alias of the selected
+    // repository is changed).
+    if (previousRepositoryId === currentRepositoryId) {
+      return
+    }
+
     const recentRepositories = getNumberArray(RecentRepositoriesKey).filter(
       el => el !== currentRepositoryId && el !== previousRepositoryId
     )
@@ -3408,6 +3415,14 @@ export class AppStore extends TypedBaseStore<IAppState> {
     return Promise.resolve()
   }
 
+  /** This shouldn't be called directly. See `Dispatcher`. */
+  public async _changeRepositoryAlias(
+    repository: Repository,
+    newAlias: string | null
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    return this.repositoriesStore.updateRepositoryAlias(repository, newAlias)
+  }
+
   /** This shouldn't be called directly. See `Dispatcher`. */
   public async _renameBranch(
     repository: Repository,
diff --git a/app/src/lib/stores/repositories-store.ts b/app/src/lib/stores/repositories-store.ts
index 1a35762be46..44a4a3c0c6c 100644
--- a/app/src/lib/stores/repositories-store.ts
+++ b/app/src/lib/stores/repositories-store.ts
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import { WorkflowPreferences } from '../../models/workflow-preferences'
 import { clearTagsToPush } from './helpers/tags-to-push-storage'
 import { IMatchedGitHubRepository } from '../repository-matching'
 import { shallowEquals } from '../equality'
+import { enableRepositoryAliases } from '../feature-flag'
 
 /** The store for local repositories. */
 export class RepositoriesStore extends TypedBaseStore<
@@ -132,6 +133,7 @@ export class RepositoriesStore extends TypedBaseStore<
         ? await this.findGitHubRepositoryByID(repo.gitHubRepositoryID)
         : await Promise.resolve(null), // Dexie gets confused if we return null
       repo.missing,
+      enableRepositoryAliases() ? repo.alias : null,
       repo.workflowPreferences,
       repo.isTutorialRepository
     )
@@ -194,6 +196,7 @@ export class RepositoriesStore extends TypedBaseStore<
         return await this.db.repositories.put({
           ...(existingRepo?.id !== undefined && { id: existingRepo.id }),
           path,
+          alias: null,
           gitHubRepositoryID: ghRepo.dbID,
           missing: false,
           lastStashCheckDate: null,
@@ -228,6 +231,7 @@ export class RepositoriesStore extends TypedBaseStore<
           gitHubRepositoryID: null,
           missing: false,
           lastStashCheckDate: null,
+          alias: null,
         }
         const id = await this.db.repositories.add(dbRepo)
         return this.toRepository({ id, ...dbRepo })
@@ -261,11 +265,27 @@ export class RepositoriesStore extends TypedBaseStore<
       repository.id,
       repository.gitHubRepository,
       missing,
+      repository.alias,
       repository.workflowPreferences,
       repository.isTutorialRepository
     )
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Update the alias for the specified repository.
+   *
+   * @param repository  The repository to update.
+   * @param alias       The new alias to use.
+   */
+  public async updateRepositoryAlias(
+    repository: Repository,
+    alias: string | null
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    await this.db.repositories.update(repository.id, { alias })
+
+    this.emitUpdatedRepositories()
+  }
+
   /**
    * Update the workflow preferences for the specified repository.
    *
@@ -295,6 +315,7 @@ export class RepositoriesStore extends TypedBaseStore<
       repository.id,
       repository.gitHubRepository,
       false,
+      repository.alias,
       repository.workflowPreferences,
       repository.isTutorialRepository
     )
@@ -421,6 +442,7 @@ export class RepositoriesStore extends TypedBaseStore<
       repo.id,
       ghRepo,
       repo.missing,
+      repo.alias,
       repo.workflowPreferences,
       repo.isTutorialRepository
     )
diff --git a/app/src/models/popup.ts b/app/src/models/popup.ts
index 7c38dcfc939..b04af27bb86 100644
--- a/app/src/models/popup.ts
+++ b/app/src/models/popup.ts
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ export enum PopupType {
   ConfirmDiscardSelection,
   CherryPick,
   MoveToApplicationsFolder,
+  ChangeRepositoryAlias,
 }
 
 export type Popup =
@@ -276,3 +277,4 @@ export type Popup =
       sourceBranch: Branch | null
     }
   | { type: PopupType.MoveToApplicationsFolder }
+  | { type: PopupType.ChangeRepositoryAlias; repository: Repository }
diff --git a/app/src/models/repository.ts b/app/src/models/repository.ts
index 7fe6623c48c..e299d051bdd 100644
--- a/app/src/models/repository.ts
+++ b/app/src/models/repository.ts
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ export class Repository {
     public readonly id: number,
     public readonly gitHubRepository: GitHubRepository | null,
     public readonly missing: boolean,
+    public readonly alias: string | null = null,
     public readonly workflowPreferences: WorkflowPreferences = {},
     /**
      * True if the repository is a tutorial repository created as part of the
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ export class Repository {
       this.id,
       gitHubRepository?.hash,
       this.missing,
+      this.alias,
       this.workflowPreferences.forkContributionTarget,
       this.isTutorialRepository
     )
diff --git a/app/src/ui/app.tsx b/app/src/ui/app.tsx
index e750d612970..a4e9c892356 100644
--- a/app/src/ui/app.tsx
+++ b/app/src/ui/app.tsx
@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@ import { CherryPickCommit } from './drag-elements/cherry-pick-commit'
 import classNames from 'classnames'
 import { dragAndDropManager } from '../lib/drag-and-drop-manager'
 import { MoveToApplicationsFolder } from './move-to-applications-folder'
+import { ChangeRepositoryAlias } from './change-repository-alias/change-repository-alias-dialog'
 
 const MinuteInMilliseconds = 1000 * 60
 const HourInMilliseconds = MinuteInMilliseconds * 60
@@ -2048,6 +2049,15 @@ export class App extends React.Component<IAppProps, IAppState> {
           />
         )
       }
+      case PopupType.ChangeRepositoryAlias: {
+        return (
+          <ChangeRepositoryAlias
+            dispatcher={this.props.dispatcher}
+            repository={popup.repository}
+            onDismissed={onPopupDismissedFn}
+          />
+        )
+      }
       default:
         return assertNever(popup, `Unknown popup type: ${popup}`)
     }
@@ -2367,8 +2377,9 @@ export class App extends React.Component<IAppProps, IAppState> {
     let icon: OcticonSymbol
     let title: string
     if (repository) {
+      const alias = repository instanceof Repository ? repository.alias : null
       icon = iconForRepository(repository)
-      title = repository.name
+      title = alias ?? repository.name
     } else if (this.state.repositories.length > 0) {
       icon = OcticonSymbol.repo
       title = __DARWIN__ ? 'Select a Repository' : 'Select a repository'
diff --git a/app/src/ui/change-repository-alias/change-repository-alias-dialog.tsx b/app/src/ui/change-repository-alias/change-repository-alias-dialog.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..26ec91cd719
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/ui/change-repository-alias/change-repository-alias-dialog.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+import * as React from 'react'
+
+import { Dispatcher } from '../dispatcher'
+import { nameOf, Repository } from '../../models/repository'
+import { Dialog, DialogContent, DialogFooter } from '../dialog'
+import { OkCancelButtonGroup } from '../dialog/ok-cancel-button-group'
+import { TextBox } from '../lib/text-box'
+
+interface IChangeRepositoryAliasProps {
+  readonly dispatcher: Dispatcher
+  readonly onDismissed: () => void
+  readonly repository: Repository
+}
+
+interface IChangeRepositoryAliasState {
+  readonly newAlias: string
+}
+
+export class ChangeRepositoryAlias extends React.Component<
+  IChangeRepositoryAliasProps,
+  IChangeRepositoryAliasState
+> {
+  public constructor(props: IChangeRepositoryAliasProps) {
+    super(props)
+
+    this.state = { newAlias: props.repository.alias ?? props.repository.name }
+  }
+
+  public render() {
+    const repository = this.props.repository
+    const verb = repository.alias === null ? 'Create' : 'Change'
+
+    return (
+      <Dialog
+        id="change-repository-alias"
+        title={
+          __DARWIN__ ? `${verb} Repository Alias` : `${verb} repository alias`
+        }
+        onDismissed={this.props.onDismissed}
+        onSubmit={this.changeAlias}
+      >
+        <DialogContent>
+          <p>Choose a new alias for the repository "{nameOf(repository)}". </p>
+          <p>
+            <TextBox
+              value={this.state.newAlias}
+              onValueChanged={this.onNameChanged}
+            />
+          </p>
+          {repository.gitHubRepository !== null && (
+            <p className="description">
+              This will not affect the original repository name on GitHub.
+            </p>
+          )}
+        </DialogContent>
+
+        <DialogFooter>
+          <OkCancelButtonGroup
+            okButtonText={__DARWIN__ ? `${verb} Alias` : `${verb} alias`}
+            okButtonDisabled={this.state.newAlias.length === 0}
+          />
+        </DialogFooter>
+      </Dialog>
+    )
+  }
+
+  private onNameChanged = (newAlias: string) => {
+    this.setState({ newAlias })
+  }
+
+  private changeAlias = () => {
+    this.props.dispatcher.changeRepositoryAlias(
+      this.props.repository,
+      this.state.newAlias
+    )
+    this.props.onDismissed()
+  }
+}
diff --git a/app/src/ui/dispatcher/dispatcher.ts b/app/src/ui/dispatcher/dispatcher.ts
index 5f5b89e4bb4..dffa76257a0 100644
--- a/app/src/ui/dispatcher/dispatcher.ts
+++ b/app/src/ui/dispatcher/dispatcher.ts
@@ -695,6 +695,14 @@ export class Dispatcher {
     })
   }
 
+  /** Changes the repository alias to a new name. */
+  public changeRepositoryAlias(
+    repository: Repository,
+    newAlias: string | null
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    return this.appStore._changeRepositoryAlias(repository, newAlias)
+  }
+
   /** Rename the branch to a new name. */
   public renameBranch(
     repository: Repository,
diff --git a/app/src/ui/repositories-list/group-repositories.ts b/app/src/ui/repositories-list/group-repositories.ts
index 4f6b4e36b20..f11b5f1776b 100644
--- a/app/src/ui/repositories-list/group-repositories.ts
+++ b/app/src/ui/repositories-list/group-repositories.ts
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export function groupRepositories(
       const { aheadBehind, changedFilesCount } =
         localRepositoryStateLookup.get(r.id) || fallbackValue
       const repositoryText =
-        r instanceof Repository ? [r.name, nameOf(r)] : [r.name]
+        r instanceof Repository ? [r.alias ?? r.name, nameOf(r)] : [r.name]
 
       return {
         text: repositoryText,
@@ -132,8 +132,10 @@ export function makeRecentRepositoriesGroup(
   for (const id of recentRepositories) {
     const repository = repositories.find(r => r.id === id)
     if (repository !== undefined) {
-      const existingCount = names.get(repository.name) || 0
-      names.set(repository.name, existingCount + 1)
+      const alias = repository instanceof Repository ? repository.alias : null
+      const name = alias ?? repository.name
+      const existingCount = names.get(name) || 0
+      names.set(name, existingCount + 1)
     }
   }
 
@@ -147,11 +149,13 @@ export function makeRecentRepositoriesGroup(
 
     const { aheadBehind, changedFilesCount } =
       localRepositoryStateLookup.get(id) || fallbackValue
+    const repositoryAlias =
+      repository instanceof Repository ? repository.alias : null
     const repositoryText =
       repository instanceof Repository
-        ? [repository.name, nameOf(repository)]
+        ? [repositoryAlias ?? repository.name, nameOf(repository)]
         : [repository.name]
-    const nameCount = names.get(repository.name) || 0
+    const nameCount = names.get(repositoryAlias ?? repository.name) || 0
     items.push({
       text: repositoryText,
       id: id.toString(),
diff --git a/app/src/ui/repositories-list/repositories-list.tsx b/app/src/ui/repositories-list/repositories-list.tsx
index cc3c5e8f75d..0d00b8411fe 100644
--- a/app/src/ui/repositories-list/repositories-list.tsx
+++ b/app/src/ui/repositories-list/repositories-list.tsx
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import {
 } from './group-repositories'
 import { FilterList, IFilterListGroup } from '../lib/filter-list'
 import { IMatches } from '../../lib/fuzzy-find'
-import { ILocalRepositoryState } from '../../models/repository'
+import { ILocalRepositoryState, Repository } from '../../models/repository'
 import { Dispatcher } from '../dispatcher'
 import { Button } from '../lib/button'
 import { Octicon, OcticonSymbol } from '../octicons'
@@ -138,6 +138,8 @@ export class RepositoriesList extends React.Component<
         onShowRepository={this.props.onShowRepository}
         onOpenInShell={this.props.onOpenInShell}
         onOpenInExternalEditor={this.props.onOpenInExternalEditor}
+        onChangeRepositoryAlias={this.onChangeRepositoryAlias}
+        onRemoveRepositoryAlias={this.onRemoveRepositoryAlias}
         externalEditorLabel={this.props.externalEditorLabel}
         shellLabel={this.props.shellLabel}
         matches={matches}
@@ -320,4 +322,15 @@ export class RepositoriesList extends React.Component<
   private onCreateNewRepository = () => {
     this.props.dispatcher.showPopup({ type: PopupType.CreateRepository })
   }
+
+  private onChangeRepositoryAlias = (repository: Repository) => {
+    this.props.dispatcher.showPopup({
+      type: PopupType.ChangeRepositoryAlias,
+      repository,
+    })
+  }
+
+  private onRemoveRepositoryAlias = (repository: Repository) => {
+    this.props.dispatcher.changeRepositoryAlias(repository, null)
+  }
 }
diff --git a/app/src/ui/repositories-list/repository-list-item.tsx b/app/src/ui/repositories-list/repository-list-item.tsx
index d4fed1996e9..a6645483427 100644
--- a/app/src/ui/repositories-list/repository-list-item.tsx
+++ b/app/src/ui/repositories-list/repository-list-item.tsx
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
   RevealInFileManagerLabel,
   DefaultEditorLabel,
 } from '../lib/context-menu'
+import { enableRepositoryAliases } from '../../lib/feature-flag'
 
 interface IRepositoryListItemProps {
   readonly repository: Repositoryish
@@ -30,6 +31,12 @@ interface IRepositoryListItemProps {
   /** Called when the repository should be opened in an external editor */
   readonly onOpenInExternalEditor: (repository: Repositoryish) => void
 
+  /** Called when the repository alias should be changed */
+  readonly onChangeRepositoryAlias: (repository: Repository) => void
+
+  /** Called when the repository alias should be removed */
+  readonly onRemoveRepositoryAlias: (repository: Repository) => void
+
   /** The current external editor selected by the user */
   readonly externalEditorLabel?: string
 
@@ -65,6 +72,9 @@ export class RepositoryListItem extends React.Component<
       ? gitHubRepo.fullName + '\n' + gitHubRepo.htmlURL + '\n' + path
       : path
 
+    const alias: string | null =
+      repository instanceof Repository ? repository.alias : null
+
     let prefix: string | null = null
     if (this.props.needsDisambiguation && gitHubRepo) {
       prefix = `${gitHubRepo.owner.login}/`
@@ -80,10 +90,11 @@ export class RepositoryListItem extends React.Component<
           className="icon-for-repository"
           symbol={iconForRepository(repository)}
         />
+
         <div className="name">
           {prefix ? <span className="prefix">{prefix}</span> : null}
           <HighlightText
-            text={repository.name}
+            text={alias ?? repository.name}
             highlight={this.props.matches.title}
           />
         </div>
@@ -121,6 +132,7 @@ export class RepositoryListItem extends React.Component<
       : DefaultEditorLabel
 
     const items: ReadonlyArray<IMenuItem> = [
+      ...this.buildAliasMenuItems(),
       {
         label: `Open in ${this.props.shellLabel}`,
         action: this.openInShell,
@@ -144,9 +156,37 @@ export class RepositoryListItem extends React.Component<
         action: this.removeRepository,
       },
     ]
+
     showContextualMenu(items)
   }
 
+  private buildAliasMenuItems(): ReadonlyArray<IMenuItem> {
+    const repository = this.props.repository
+
+    if (!(repository instanceof Repository) || !enableRepositoryAliases()) {
+      return []
+    }
+
+    const verb = repository.alias == null ? 'Create' : 'Change'
+    const items: Array<IMenuItem> = [
+      {
+        label: __DARWIN__ ? `${verb} Alias` : `${verb} alias`,
+        action: this.changeAlias,
+      },
+    ]
+
+    if (repository.alias !== null) {
+      items.push({
+        label: __DARWIN__ ? 'Remove Alias' : 'Remove alias',
+        action: this.removeAlias,
+      })
+    }
+
+    items.push({ type: 'separator' })
+
+    return items
+  }
+
   private removeRepository = () => {
     this.props.onRemoveRepository(this.props.repository)
   }
@@ -162,6 +202,18 @@ export class RepositoryListItem extends React.Component<
   private openInExternalEditor = () => {
     this.props.onOpenInExternalEditor(this.props.repository)
   }
+
+  private changeAlias = () => {
+    if (this.props.repository instanceof Repository) {
+      this.props.onChangeRepositoryAlias(this.props.repository)
+    }
+  }
+
+  private removeAlias = () => {
+    if (this.props.repository instanceof Repository) {
+      this.props.onRemoveRepositoryAlias(this.props.repository)
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 const renderRepoIndicators: React.FunctionComponent<{
diff --git a/app/styles/ui/_dialog.scss b/app/styles/ui/_dialog.scss
index 03e4197355d..10bcadab351 100644
--- a/app/styles/ui/_dialog.scss
+++ b/app/styles/ui/_dialog.scss
@@ -375,7 +375,8 @@ dialog {
     width: 400px;
   }
 
-  &#confirm-remove-repository {
+  &#confirm-remove-repository,
+  &#change-repository-alias {
     width: 450px;
 
     .description {