Jekyll: Support debian-12 (bookworm)

[samruddhikhandale]

Depends on #609

• Open a PR
• Create a release
• Update templates (if necessary)
• Update [Tracking] Image support, deprecation / EOL dates #90
• Update https://mcr.microsoft.com/en-us/catalog?search=dev%20container docs

[samruddhikhandale]

Closing as completed! 🚀