Support Python 3.12 scheduled for October 2nd

[samruddhikhandale]

Depends on https://hub.docker.com/_/python

• Open a PR
• Create a release
• Update templates (if necessary)
• Update [Tracking] Image support, deprecation / EOL dates #90
• Update Microsoft Artifact Registry docs

[samruddhikhandale]

Released 3.12 for bookworm and bullseye. Looks like https://hub.docker.com/_/python doesn't have buster

[samruddhikhandale]

Opened docker-library/python#870

[samruddhikhandale]

Closing as completed.

Released 3.12 for bookworm and bullseye. Looks like https://hub.docker.com/_/python doesn't have buster

Opened #791