diff --git a/test/utils/ethereumAddress.test.ts b/test/utils/ethereumAddress.test.ts
index fdeffc5..d1010c1 100644
--- a/test/utils/ethereumAddress.test.ts
+++ b/test/utils/ethereumAddress.test.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ describe("Ethereum Address Validation", () => {
   // Tests for the validateAddressFormat function (simple regex check)
   describe("validateAddressFormat", () => {
   // Should validate correct Ethereum address formats (regex only)
-  it("should validate correct address format", () => {
+  it("should return true for valid Ethereum address format (regex only)", () => {
       const validAddresses = [
         "0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266", // Mixed case
         "0xf39fd6e51aad88f6f4ce6ab8827279cfffb92266", // Lowercase
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ describe("Ethereum Address Validation", () => {
     });
 
   // Should reject invalid Ethereum address formats (regex only)
-  it("should reject invalid address formats", () => {
+  it("should return false for invalid Ethereum address formats (regex only)", () => {
       const invalidAddresses = [
         "0x123", // Too short
         "not-an-address", // Not hex
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ describe("Ethereum Address Validation", () => {
   // Tests for the isValidEthereumAddress function (checksum and format)
   describe("isValidEthereumAddress", () => {
   // Should validate correct Ethereum addresses, including checksummed, zero, and case-insensitive
-  it("should validate correct Ethereum addresses with checksum", () => {
+  it("should return true for valid Ethereum addresses (checksum, zero, case-insensitive)", () => {
       const validAddresses = [
         // Valid checksummed addresses
         "0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266",
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ describe("Ethereum Address Validation", () => {
     });
 
   // Should reject invalid Ethereum addresses (bad format, prefix, or type)
-  it("should reject invalid Ethereum addresses", () => {
+  it("should return false for invalid Ethereum addresses (bad format, prefix, or type)", () => {
       const invalidAddresses = [
         "0x123", // Too short
         "not-an-address", // Not hex
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ describe("Ethereum Address Validation", () => {
     });
 
   // Should handle edge cases (empty, null, undefined, non-string)
-  it("should handle edge cases correctly", () => {
+  it("should return false for edge cases (empty, null, undefined, non-string)", () => {
       // These should be invalid
       expect(isValidEthereumAddress("")).toBe(false);
       expect(isValidEthereumAddress("0x")).toBe(false);
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ describe("Ethereum Address Validation", () => {
   // Comparison tests between validateAddressFormat and isValidEthereumAddress
   describe("Comparison between validation functions", () => {
   // Should show differences between simple regex and ethers.js validation
-  it("should show differences between simple regex and ethers validation", () => {
+  it("should compare simple regex and ethers.js validation for Ethereum addresses", () => {
       // Both functions should accept valid addresses
       const validAddress = "0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266";
       expect(validateAddressFormat(validAddress)).toBe(true);
diff --git a/test/utils/generateApiKey.test.ts b/test/utils/generateApiKey.test.ts
index 126b452..25a8855 100644
--- a/test/utils/generateApiKey.test.ts
+++ b/test/utils/generateApiKey.test.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
   // Tests for the generateApiKey function
   describe('generateApiKey', () => {
   // Should generate a random API key of default length (32 bytes, 43 base64url chars)
-  it('should generate a random API key with default length', () => {
+    it('should generate a random API key of default length (32 bytes, 43 base64url chars)', () => {
       const apiKey = generateApiKey();
       // Default length is 32 bytes, which is 43 characters in base64url
       expect(apiKey).toHaveLength(43);
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
     });
 
   // Should generate a random API key of custom byte length
-  it('should generate a random API key with custom length', () => {
+    it('should generate a random API key of custom byte length', () => {
       const length = 16; // 16 bytes
       const apiKey = generateApiKey(length);
       // 16 bytes is 22 characters in base64url (rounded up from 21.33)
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
     });
 
   // Should generate different keys on each call (randomness)
-  it('should generate different keys on each call', () => {
+    it('should generate different API keys on each call (randomness)', () => {
       const key1 = generateApiKey();
       const key2 = generateApiKey();
       expect(key1).not.toBe(key2);
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
   // Tests for the generateUniqueApiKey function
   describe('generateUniqueApiKey', () => {
   // Should generate a unique API key with the default 'dv' prefix
-  it('should generate a unique API key with default prefix', () => {
+    it('should generate a unique API key with the default "dv" prefix', () => {
       const userId = '123456';
       const apiKey = generateUniqueApiKey(userId);
       
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
     });
 
   // Should generate a unique API key with a custom prefix
-  it('should generate a unique API key with custom prefix', () => {
+    it('should generate a unique API key with a custom prefix', () => {
       const userId = '123456';
       const prefix = 'test';
       const apiKey = generateUniqueApiKey(userId, prefix);
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
     });
 
   // Should generate different keys for the same user (random part)
-  it('should generate different keys for the same user', () => {
+    it('should generate different unique API keys for the same user', () => {
       const userId = '123456';
       const key1 = generateUniqueApiKey(userId);
       const key2 = generateUniqueApiKey(userId);
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
   // Tests for the hashApiKey function
   describe('hashApiKey', () => {
   // Should hash an API key consistently (same input, same output)
-  it('should hash an API key consistently', () => {
+    it('should hash an API key consistently (same input, same output)', () => {
       const apiKey = 'dv_test_key';
       const hash = hashApiKey(apiKey);
       
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
     });
 
   // Should produce different hashes for different API keys
-  it('should produce different hashes for different keys', () => {
+    it('should produce different hashes for different API keys', () => {
       const hash1 = hashApiKey('key1');
       const hash2 = hashApiKey('key2');
       expect(hash1).not.toBe(hash2);
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
   // Tests for the maskApiKey function
   describe('maskApiKey', () => {
   // Should mask an API key, showing only the last 8 characters by default
-  it('should mask an API key with default visible characters', () => {
+    it('should mask an API key, showing only the last 8 characters by default', () => {
       const apiKey = 'dv_1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
       const masked = maskApiKey(apiKey);
       
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
     });
 
   // Should mask an API key, showing a custom number of visible characters
-  it('should mask an API key with custom visible characters', () => {
+    it('should mask an API key, showing a custom number of visible characters', () => {
       const apiKey = 'dv_1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
       const visibleChars = 4;
       const masked = maskApiKey(apiKey, visibleChars);
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
     });
 
   // Should handle short API keys (all masked if shorter than visible chars)
-  it('should handle short API keys', () => {
+    it('should handle short API keys (all masked if shorter than visible chars)', () => {
       const apiKey = 'short';
       const masked = maskApiKey(apiKey, 8);
       
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
   // Tests for the isValidApiKeyFormat function
   describe('isValidApiKeyFormat', () => {
   // Should validate correctly formatted API keys (prefix, timestamp, random part)
-  it('should validate correctly formatted API keys', () => {
+    it('should return true for correctly formatted API keys (prefix, timestamp, random part)', () => {
       // Generate a valid key with current timestamp
       const validKey = generateUniqueApiKey('test-user');
       expect(isValidApiKeyFormat(validKey)).toBe(true);
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
     });
 
   // Should reject API keys with invalid format (missing parts, invalid chars, etc.)
-  it('should reject invalid API key formats', () => {
+    it('should return false for API keys with invalid format (missing parts, invalid chars, etc.)', () => {
       const invalidKeys = [
         '', // Empty
         'no_underscores',
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
     });
     
   // Should reject API keys with invalid or future timestamps
-  it('should reject keys with invalid timestamps', () => {
+    it('should return false for API keys with invalid or future timestamps', () => {
       const currentTimestamp = Date.now();
       const futureTimestamp = (currentTimestamp + 1000000).toString(36); // Far future
       const invalidTimestampKeys = [
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
   // Tests for the generateMultipleApiKeys function
   describe('generateMultipleApiKeys', () => {
   // Should generate the requested number of API keys, all valid and unique
-  it('should generate the requested number of API keys', () => {
+    it('should generate the requested number of API keys, all valid and unique', () => {
       const count = 5;
       const userId = '123456';
       const keys = generateMultipleApiKeys(count, userId);
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
     });
 
   // Should generate unique API keys in bulk
-  it('should generate unique keys', () => {
+    it('should generate unique API keys in bulk', () => {
       const count = 10;
       const userId = '123456';
       const keys = generateMultipleApiKeys(count, userId);
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ describe('API Key Generation', () => {
     });
 
   // Should handle zero count (returns empty array)
-  it('should handle zero count', () => {
+    it('should return an empty array when count is zero', () => {
       const keys = generateMultipleApiKeys(0, '123456');
       expect(keys).toHaveLength(0);
     });
diff --git a/test/utils/messageFormat.test.ts b/test/utils/messageFormat.test.ts
index 7948888..52b83ad 100644
--- a/test/utils/messageFormat.test.ts
+++ b/test/utils/messageFormat.test.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ describe('Message Format Validation', () => {
   const validSignature = '0x' + '1'.repeat(130);
 
   describe('Basic message validation', () => {
-    it('should accept valid plain text messages', () => {
+  it('should return valid for plain text messages', () => {
       const validMessages = [
         'Simple message',
         'Message with numbers 123',
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ describe('Message Format Validation', () => {
       });
     });
 
-    it('should accept messages with control characters (current implementation)', () => {
+  it('should return valid for messages with control characters (current implementation)', () => {
       const messagesWithControlChars = [
         'Message with newline\n',
         'Message with tab\t',
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ describe('Message Format Validation', () => {
   });
 
   describe('Message content validation', () => {
-    it('should handle messages with JSON content', () => {
+  it('should return valid for messages with JSON content', () => {
       const jsonMessages = [
         JSON.stringify({ action: 'login', timestamp: Date.now() }),
         JSON.stringify({ data: { userId: 123, role: 'admin' } }),
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ describe('Message Format Validation', () => {
       });
     });
 
-    it('should handle messages with URL content', () => {
+  it('should return valid for messages with URL content', () => {
       const urlMessages = [
         'https://example.com',
         'http://localhost:3000/api/auth?token=123',
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ describe('Message Format Validation', () => {
       });
     });
 
-    it('should handle messages with timestamp content', () => {
+  it('should return valid for messages with timestamp content', () => {
       const timestampMessages = [
         `Login request at ${Date.now()}`,
         `Verify my account: ${new Date().toISOString()}`,
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ describe('Message Format Validation', () => {
   });
 
   describe('Message security validation', () => {
-    it('should accept messages with potential XSS content (current implementation)', () => {
+  it('should return valid for messages with potential XSS content (current implementation)', () => {
       const xssMessages = [
         '<script>alert("XSS")</script>',
         'javascript:alert("XSS")',
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ describe('Message Format Validation', () => {
 
     });
 
-    it('should accept messages with potential SQL injection content (current implementation)', () => {
+  it('should return valid for messages with potential SQL injection content (current implementation)', () => {
       const sqlInjectionMessages = [
         "' OR '1'='1",
         "'; DROP TABLE users; --",
diff --git a/test/utils/validation.test.ts b/test/utils/validation.test.ts
index 1574c03..fdce660 100644
--- a/test/utils/validation.test.ts
+++ b/test/utils/validation.test.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { validateWalletAuthInput, validateSignatureFormat, validateAddressFormat
 
 describe('Input Validation', () => {
   describe('validateWalletAuthInput', () => {
-    it('should validate correct input format', () => {
+  it('should return valid for correct wallet authentication input', () => {
       const validInput = {
         walletAddress: '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266',
         message: 'Test message',
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       expect(result.error).toBeUndefined();
     });
 
-    it('should reject non-object input', () => {
+  it('should reject non-object or primitive input (null, undefined, number, string, array, boolean)', () => {
       const inputs = [null, undefined, 42, 'string', [], true];
       inputs.forEach(input => {
         const result = validateWalletAuthInput(input);
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       });
     });
 
-    it('should reject missing required fields', () => {
+  it('should reject input missing one or more required fields', () => {
       const incompleteInputs = [
         { message: 'test', signature: '0x' + '1'.repeat(130) },
         { walletAddress: '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266', signature: '0x' + '1'.repeat(130) },
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       });
     });
 
-    it('should reject invalid field types', () => {
+  it('should reject input where walletAddress, message, or signature are not strings', () => {
       const invalidTypeInputs = [
         { walletAddress: 123, message: 'test', signature: '0x' + '1'.repeat(130) },
         { walletAddress: '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266', message: 42, signature: '0x' + '1'.repeat(130) },
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       });
     });
 
-    it('should reject invalid wallet address format', () => {
+  it('should reject input with invalid wallet address format', () => {
       const invalidAddresses = [
         '123', // Too short
         'not-an-address', // Not hex
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       });
     });
 
-    it('should reject invalid signature format', () => {
+  it('should reject input with invalid signature format', () => {
       const invalidSignatures = [
         '0x123', // Too short
         'not-a-signature', // Not hex
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       });
     });
 
-    it('should reject empty messages', () => {
+  it('should reject input with empty or whitespace-only message', () => {
       const input = {
         walletAddress: '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266',
         message: '',
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       expect(whitespaceResult.error).toBe('Message cannot be empty');
     });
 
-    it('should reject too long messages', () => {
+  it('should reject input with message exceeding 1000 characters', () => {
       const input = {
         walletAddress: '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266',
         message: 'a'.repeat(1001),
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       expect(result.error).toBe('Message too long (max 1000 characters)');
     });
     
-    it('should reject input with extra unexpected fields', () => {
+  it('should allow input with extra unexpected fields (ignored)', () => {
       const input = {
         walletAddress: '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266',
         message: 'test',
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       expect(result.error).toBeUndefined();
     });
 
-    it('should reject input with null fields', () => {
+  it('should reject input where fields are null', () => {
       const input = {
         walletAddress: null,
         message: null,
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       expect(result.error).toBe('walletAddress, message, and signature must be strings');
     });
 
-    it('should reject input with nested objects as fields', () => {
+  it('should reject input where fields are nested objects', () => {
       const input = {
         walletAddress: { address: '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266' },
         message: { text: 'test' },
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       expect(result.error).toBe('walletAddress, message, and signature must be strings');
     });
 
-    it('should reject input with array as value for fields', () => {
+  it('should reject input where fields are arrays', () => {
       const input = {
         walletAddress: ['0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266'],
         message: ['test'],
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       expect(result.error).toBe('walletAddress, message, and signature must be strings');
     });
 
-    it('should reject deeply nested input object', () => {
+  it('should allow deeply nested input object as long as required fields are valid', () => {
       const input = {
         walletAddress: '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266',
         message: 'test',
@@ -188,12 +188,12 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
   });
 
   describe('validateSignatureFormat', () => {
-    it('should validate correct signature format', () => {
+  it('should return true for valid Ethereum signature format', () => {
       const validSignature = '0x' + '1'.repeat(130);
       expect(validateSignatureFormat(validSignature)).toBe(true);
     });
 
-    it('should reject invalid signature formats', () => {
+  it('should return false for invalid Ethereum signature formats', () => {
       const invalidSignatures = [
         '0x123', // Too short
         'not-a-signature', // Not hex
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
   });
 
   describe('validateAddressFormat', () => {
-    it('should validate correct address format', () => {
+  it('should return true for valid Ethereum address format', () => {
       const validAddresses = [
         '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266', // Mixed case
         '0xf39fd6e51aad88f6f4ce6ab8827279cfffb92266', // Lowercase
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ describe('Input Validation', () => {
       });
     });
 
-    it('should reject invalid address formats', () => {
+  it('should return false for invalid Ethereum address formats', () => {
       const invalidAddresses = [
         '0x123', // Too short
         'not-an-address', // Not hex
diff --git a/test/utils/verifySignature.test.ts b/test/utils/verifySignature.test.ts
index d53c5f6..839d1aa 100644
--- a/test/utils/verifySignature.test.ts
+++ b/test/utils/verifySignature.test.ts
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe("Basic Signature Verification", () => {
    * Test that a valid signature from a known wallet address is accepted.
    * This ensures the verifySignature function works for correct inputs.
    */
-  it("should return true for a valid signature from a known wallet", async () => {
+  it("should return true for a valid signature from a known wallet address", async () => {
     // Create a wallet with a known private key for consistent testing
     const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(
       "0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80"
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ describe("Basic Signature Verification", () => {
    * Test that invalid signatures (wrong message or wrong address) are rejected.
    * This checks that the function does not falsely validate incorrect signatures.
    */
-  it("should return false for invalid signatures with wrong message or address", async () => {
+  it("should return false for invalid signatures (wrong message or wrong address)", async () => {
     // Create a wallet for signing
     const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(
       "0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80"
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ describe("Basic Signature Verification", () => {
    * Test that the function is case-insensitive with respect to wallet addresses.
    * Ethereum addresses can be checksummed, lowercase, uppercase, or mixed case.
    */
-  it("should handle case sensitivity correctly in wallet addresses", async () => {
+  it("should be case-insensitive for wallet addresses (mixed, lower, upper, checksum)", async () => {
     // Create a wallet for signing
     const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(
       "0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80"
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ describe("Basic Signature Verification", () => {
    * Test signature verification with real-world Ethereum address formats.
    * Ensures compatibility with various address representations.
    */
-  it("should work with real Ethereum wallet address formats", async () => {
+  it("should work with various real-world Ethereum wallet address formats", async () => {
     // Test with a well-known Ethereum address (Vitalik's public address)
     const realWallet = new ethers.Wallet(
       "0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80"
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ describe("Basic Signature Verification", () => {
    * Test edge cases for signature recovery, such as invalid, empty, or too-short signatures.
    * Ensures the function fails gracefully for malformed input.
    */
-  it("should handle signature recovery edge cases", async () => {
+  it("should return false for signature recovery edge cases (invalid, empty, too short)", async () => {
     const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(
       "0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80"
     );
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ describe("Timestamp Signature Verification", () => {
    * Test that timestamped signature verification is case-insensitive for wallet addresses.
    * This ensures robust handling of address formats in time-based checks.
    */
-  it("should handle case sensitivity in wallet addresses with timestamp verification", async () => {
+  it("should be case-insensitive for wallet addresses in timestamped signature verification", async () => {
     const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(
       "0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80"
     );
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ describe("Timestamp Signature Verification", () => {
    * Test that recent (non-expired) timestamped signatures are accepted.
    * Ensures the function allows valid, timely signatures.
    */
-  it("should validate recent timestamped signatures", async () => {
+  it("should return valid for recent (non-expired) timestamped signatures", async () => {
     const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(
       "0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80"
     );
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ describe("Timestamp Signature Verification", () => {
    * Test that expired timestamped signatures are rejected.
    * Ensures the function enforces expiration windows.
    */
-  it("should reject expired timestamped signatures", async () => {
+  it("should return false for expired timestamped signatures", async () => {
     const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(
       "0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80"
     );
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ describe("Timestamp Signature Verification", () => {
    * Test that signatures with a future timestamp are rejected.
    * Prevents accepting signatures that are not yet valid.
    */
-  it("should reject future timestamped signatures", async () => {
+  it("should return false for future timestamped signatures", async () => {
     const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(
       "0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80"
     );
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ describe("Address Validation", () => {
    * Test that valid Ethereum addresses (checksummed and lowercase) are accepted,
    * and invalid addresses (wrong length, non-hex, bad checksum, etc.) are rejected.
    */
-  it("should validate Ethereum address formats correctly", () => {
+  it("should return true for valid Ethereum address formats and false for invalid ones", () => {
     // Valid addresses (ethers.js is strict about EIP-55 checksum)
     const validAddresses = [
       "0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266", // Mixed case (EIP-55 checksum)