C2FFI / cl-autowrap based wrapper for CBLAS.
Recommended installation: OpenBLAS, which should also be provided with your package manager. See specs/cblas.h for the API (taken from netlib).
As opposed to the FORTRAN blas bindings, cblas provide C bindings, and these can be easier to work with given (i) a LAYOUT parameter for functions operating on matrices allowing for both row-major or column-major matrices (ii) the absence of WORK parameters in several high level functions.
In addition, the cl-autowrap generated bindings expect pointer arguments which translate naturally to displaced arrays which both numcl and dense-numericals rely on.
CBLAS is only especially useful for small sized arrays (10-100 sized) when the overhead of runtime dispatch or function calls is comparable to the cost of computation itself. For larger arrays, some of the following well-established libraries should be sufficient.
clml also ships with BLAS bindings, but these can introduce a fair amount of code bloat even after inlining, as is evident through the following disassembly:
CL-USER> (declaim (inline array-storage)
(ftype (function (cl:array) (cl:simple-array * 1))))
(defun array-storage (array)
(declare (ignorable array)
(optimize speed))
(loop :with array := array
:do (locally (declare #+sbcl (sb-ext:muffle-conditions sb-ext:compiler-note))
(typecase array
((cl:simple-array * (*)) (return array))
(cl:simple-array (return #+sbcl (sb-ext:array-storage-vector array)
#+ccl (ccl::%array-header-data-and-offset array)
#-(or sbcl ccl)
(error "Don't know how to obtain ARRAY-STORAGE on ~S"
(lisp-implementation-type))))
(t (setq array (cl:array-displacement array)))))))
ARRAY-STORAGE
CL-USER> (disassemble (lambda (x)
(declare (optimize speed)
(type (array double-float 1) x))
(cffi:with-pointer-to-vector-data (ptrx (array-storage x))
(cblas:dasum (array-total-size x) ptrx 1))))
; disassembly for (LAMBDA (X))
; Size: 324 bytes. Origin: #x53E3D304 ; (LAMBDA (X))
; 304: 488BD6 MOV RDX, RSI
; 307: EB42 JMP L3
; 309: 0F1F8000000000 NOP
; 310: L0: 4C8D72F1 LEA R14, [RDX-15]
; 314: 41F6C60F TEST R14B, 15
; 318: 750B JNE L1
; 31A: 458A36 MOV R14B, [R14]
; 31D: 4180EE81 SUB R14B, -127
; 321: 4180FE65 CMP R14B, 101
; 325: L1: 0F82E0000000 JB L15
; 32B: 80FA17 CMP DL, 23
; 32E: 0F84CF000000 JEQ L14
; 334: 488B4A19 MOV RCX, [RDX+25]
; 338: 4881F917011050 CMP RCX, #x50100117 ; NIL
; 33F: 0F85B5000000 JNE L13
; 345: 488BC1 MOV RAX, RCX
; 348: L2: 488BD0 MOV RDX, RAX
; 34B: L3: 4C8D72F1 LEA R14, [RDX-15]
; 34F: 41F6C60F TEST R14B, 15
; 353: 750B JNE L4
; 355: 458A36 MOV R14B, [R14]
; 358: 4180EE85 SUB R14B, -123
; 35C: 4180FE61 CMP R14B, 97
; 360: L4: 73AE JNB L0
; 362: 488BDA MOV RBX, RDX
; 365: L5: 448B73F1 MOV R14D, [RBX-15]
; 369: 4180EE8D SUB R14B, -115
; 36D: 4180FE58 CMP R14B, 88
; 371: 0F8780000000 JNBE L12
; 377: 488D4B01 LEA RCX, [RBX+1]
; 37B: 448B76F1 MOV R14D, [RSI-15]
; 37F: 4180FE81 CMP R14B, -127
; 383: 7406 JEQ L6
; 385: 4180FEE9 CMP R14B, -23
; 389: 7263 JB L11
; 38B: L6: 488B4629 MOV RAX, [RSI+41]
; 38F: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 392: L7: 4C63F0 MOVSX R14, EAX
; 395: 4939C6 CMP R14, RAX
; 398: 7551 JNE L10
; 39A: 4C8BF4 MOV R14, RSP
; 39D: 4883E4F0 AND RSP, -16
; 3A1: 488BF8 MOV RDI, RAX
; 3A4: 488BF1 MOV RSI, RCX
; 3A7: BA01000000 MOV EDX, 1
; 3AC: 31C0 XOR EAX, EAX
; 3AE: FF142548220050 CALL QWORD PTR [#x50002248] ; cblas_dasum
; 3B5: 498BE6 MOV RSP, R14
; 3B8: 4D896D28 MOV [R13+40], R13 ; thread.pseudo-atomic-bits
; 3BC: 498B5570 MOV RDX, [R13+112] ; thread.mixed-tlab
; 3C0: 4883C210 ADD RDX, 16
; 3C4: 493B5578 CMP RDX, [R13+120]
; 3C8: 7771 JNBE L17
; 3CA: 49895570 MOV [R13+112], RDX ; thread.mixed-tlab
; 3CE: 4883C2FF ADD RDX, -1
; 3D2: L8: 66C742F11D01 MOV WORD PTR [RDX-15], 285
; 3D8: 4D316D28 XOR [R13+40], R13 ; thread.pseudo-atomic-bits
; 3DC: 7402 JEQ L9
; 3DE: CC09 INT3 9 ; pending interrupt trap
; 3E0: L9: F20F1142F9 MOVSD [RDX-7], XMM0
; 3E5: 488BE5 MOV RSP, RBP
; 3E8: F8 CLC
; 3E9: 5D POP RBP
; 3EA: C3 RET
; 3EB: L10: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 3ED: 02 BYTE #X02 ; RAX(s)
; 3EE: L11: 488B46F9 MOV RAX, [RSI-7]
; 3F2: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 3F5: EB9B JMP L7
; 3F7: L12: CC49 INT3 73 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIMPLE-SPECIALIZED-VECTOR-ERROR
; 3F9: 0C BYTE #X0C ; RBX(d)
; 3FA: L13: 488B4209 MOV RAX, [RDX+9]
; 3FE: E945FFFFFF JMP L2
; 403: L14: B817011050 MOV EAX, #x50100117 ; NIL
; 408: CC59 INT3 89 ; OBJECT-NOT-ARRAY-ERROR
; 40A: 00 BYTE #X00 ; RAX(d)
; 40B: L15: 488975F8 MOV [RBP-8], RSI
; 40F: 4883EC10 SUB RSP, 16
; 413: B902000000 MOV ECX, 2
; 418: 48892C24 MOV [RSP], RBP
; 41C: 488BEC MOV RBP, RSP
; 41F: B8E24E3650 MOV EAX, #x50364EE2 ; #<FDEFN ARRAY-STORAGE-VECTOR>
; 424: FFD0 CALL RAX
; 426: 488B75F8 MOV RSI, [RBP-8]
; 42A: 488BDA MOV RBX, RDX
; 42D: E933FFFFFF JMP L5
; 432: L16: FF24256800A052 JMP QWORD PTR [#x52A00068] ; SB-VM::ALLOC-TRAMP
; 439: CC10 INT3 16 ; Invalid argument count trap
; 43B: L17: 6A10 PUSH 16
; 43D: E8F0FFFFFF CALL L16
; 442: 5A POP RDX
; 443: 80CA0F OR DL, 15
; 446: EB8A JMP L8
NIL
CL-USER> (disassemble (lambda (x)
(declare (optimize speed)
(type (simple-array double-float 1) x))
(clml.blas:dasum (array-total-size x) x 1)))
; disassembly for (LAMBDA (X))
; Size: 990 bytes. Origin: #x53BB6FE4 ; (LAMBDA (X))
; 6FE4: 4C8B5AF9 MOV R11, [RDX-7]
; 6FE8: 498BC3 MOV RAX, R11
; 6FEB: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 6FEE: 4C63C0 MOVSX R8, EAX
; 6FF1: 4939C0 CMP R8, RAX
; 6FF4: 0F858A030000 JNE L25
; 6FFA: 4C895DF0 MOV [RBP-16], R11
; 6FFE: 4D8BF3 MOV R14, R11
; 7001: 4C8975F8 MOV [RBP-8], R14
; 7005: 4883EC10 SUB RSP, 16
; 7009: B902000000 MOV ECX, 2
; 700E: 48892C24 MOV [RSP], RBP
; 7012: 488BEC MOV RBP, RSP
; 7015: B8C2BD4750 MOV EAX, #x5047BDC2 ; #<FDEFN F2CL-LIB::FIND-ARRAY-DATA>
; 701A: FFD0 CALL RAX
; 701C: 7208 JB L0
; 701E: BF17011050 MOV EDI, #x50100117 ; NIL
; 7023: 488BDC MOV RBX, RSP
; 7026: L0: 488BE3 MOV RSP, RBX
; 7029: 4C8B5DF0 MOV R11, [RBP-16]
; 702D: 4C8B75F8 MOV R14, [RBP-8]
; 7031: 488BDA MOV RBX, RDX
; 7034: 488BF7 MOV RSI, RDI
; 7037: 4C8D43F1 LEA R8, [RBX-15]
; 703B: 41F6C00F TEST R8B, 15
; 703F: 7504 JNE L1
; 7041: 418038D5 CMP BYTE PTR [R8], -43
; 7045: L1: 0F8536030000 JNE L24
; 704B: 4C8BC6 MOV R8, RSI
; 704E: 49D1F8 SAR R8, 1
; 7051: 4D63C8 MOVSX R9, R8D
; 7054: 4D39C1 CMP R9, R8
; 7057: 7504 JNE L2
; 7059: 40F6C601 TEST SIL, 1
; 705D: L2: 0F851B030000 JNE L23
; 7063: 31D2 XOR EDX, EDX
; 7065: 4531D2 XOR R10D, R10D
; 7068: 31FF XOR EDI, EDI
; 706A: 660F57C9 XORPD XMM1, XMM1
; 706E: 488B1513FFFFFF MOV RDX, [RIP-237] ; 0.0
; 7075: 660F57C9 XORPD XMM1, XMM1
; 7079: 4D85DB TEST R11, R11
; 707C: 0F8E28020000 JLE L9
; 7082: 48B900000000ABAAAA2A MOV RCX, 3074457347049914368
; 708C: 498BC3 MOV RAX, R11
; 708F: 48F7E1 MUL RAX, RCX
; 7092: 4883E2FE AND RDX, -2
; 7096: 486BD206 IMUL RDX, RDX, 6
; 709A: 498BC3 MOV RAX, R11
; 709D: 4829D0 SUB RAX, RDX
; 70A0: 4C8BD0 MOV R10, RAX
; 70A3: 4585D2 TEST R10D, R10D
; 70A6: 0F8550020000 JNE L18
; 70AC: L3: 498D4202 LEA RAX, [R10+2]
; 70B0: 488BF8 MOV RDI, RAX
; 70B3: 498BC6 MOV RAX, R14
; 70B6: 4829F8 SUB RAX, RDI
; 70B9: 4883C00C ADD RAX, 12
; 70BD: 488BC8 MOV RCX, RAX
; 70C0: 48D1F9 SAR RCX, 1
; 70C3: 4C63C1 MOVSX R8, ECX
; 70C6: 4939C8 CMP R8, RCX
; 70C9: 0F8527020000 JNE L17
; 70CF: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 70D2: 48B900000000ABAAAA2A MOV RCX, 3074457347049914368
; 70DC: 48F7E9 IMUL RCX
; 70DF: 48D1E2 SHL RDX, 1
; 70E2: 488BC2 MOV RAX, RDX
; 70E5: 85D2 TEST EDX, EDX
; 70E7: B900000000 MOV ECX, 0
; 70EC: 480F4FC8 CMOVNLE RCX, RAX
; 70F0: 4C8BC9 MOV R9, RCX
; 70F3: 488BD7 MOV RDX, RDI
; 70F6: E975010000 JMP L5
; 70FB: 0F1F440000 NOP
; 7100: L4: 488D42FE LEA RAX, [RDX-2]
; 7104: 488D3C06 LEA RDI, [RSI+RAX]
; 7108: 483B7BF9 CMP RDI, [RBX-7]
; 710C: 0F8384020000 JNB L27
; 7112: F20F1054BB01 MOVSD XMM2, [RBX+RDI*4+1]
; 7118: 660F541580FEFFFF ANDPD XMM2, [RIP-384] ; [#x53BB6FA0]
; 7120: F20F58D1 ADDSD XMM2, XMM1
; 7124: 488D4202 LEA RAX, [RDX+2]
; 7128: 488BC8 MOV RCX, RAX
; 712B: 48D1F9 SAR RCX, 1
; 712E: 4C63C1 MOVSX R8, ECX
; 7131: 4939C8 CMP R8, RCX
; 7134: 0F85B6010000 JNE L16
; 713A: 4883C0FE ADD RAX, -2
; 713E: 488D3C06 LEA RDI, [RSI+RAX]
; 7142: 483B7BF9 CMP RDI, [RBX-7]
; 7146: 0F834E020000 JNB L28
; 714C: F20F105CBB01 MOVSD XMM3, [RBX+RDI*4+1]
; 7152: 660F541D46FEFFFF ANDPD XMM3, [RIP-442] ; [#x53BB6FA0]
; 715A: F20F58DA ADDSD XMM3, XMM2
; 715E: 488D4204 LEA RAX, [RDX+4]
; 7162: 488BC8 MOV RCX, RAX
; 7165: 48D1F9 SAR RCX, 1
; 7168: 4C63C1 MOVSX R8, ECX
; 716B: 4939C8 CMP R8, RCX
; 716E: 0F8576010000 JNE L15
; 7174: 4883C0FE ADD RAX, -2
; 7178: 488D3C06 LEA RDI, [RSI+RAX]
; 717C: 483B7BF9 CMP RDI, [RBX-7]
; 7180: 0F8318020000 JNB L29
; 7186: F20F1064BB01 MOVSD XMM4, [RBX+RDI*4+1]
; 718C: 660F54250CFEFFFF ANDPD XMM4, [RIP-500] ; [#x53BB6FA0]
; 7194: F20F58E3 ADDSD XMM4, XMM3
; 7198: 488D4206 LEA RAX, [RDX+6]
; 719C: 488BC8 MOV RCX, RAX
; 719F: 48D1F9 SAR RCX, 1
; 71A2: 4C63C1 MOVSX R8, ECX
; 71A5: 4939C8 CMP R8, RCX
; 71A8: 0F8536010000 JNE L14
; 71AE: 4883C0FE ADD RAX, -2
; 71B2: 488D3C06 LEA RDI, [RSI+RAX]
; 71B6: 483B7BF9 CMP RDI, [RBX-7]
; 71BA: 0F83E2010000 JNB L30
; 71C0: F20F105CBB01 MOVSD XMM3, [RBX+RDI*4+1]
; 71C6: 660F541DD2FDFFFF ANDPD XMM3, [RIP-558] ; [#x53BB6FA0]
; 71CE: F20F58DC ADDSD XMM3, XMM4
; 71D2: 488D4208 LEA RAX, [RDX+8]
; 71D6: 488BC8 MOV RCX, RAX
; 71D9: 48D1F9 SAR RCX, 1
; 71DC: 4C63C1 MOVSX R8, ECX
; 71DF: 4939C8 CMP R8, RCX
; 71E2: 0F85F6000000 JNE L13
; 71E8: 4883C0FE ADD RAX, -2
; 71EC: 488D3C06 LEA RDI, [RSI+RAX]
; 71F0: 483B7BF9 CMP RDI, [RBX-7]
; 71F4: 0F83AC010000 JNB L31
; 71FA: F20F1064BB01 MOVSD XMM4, [RBX+RDI*4+1]
; 7200: 660F542598FDFFFF ANDPD XMM4, [RIP-616] ; [#x53BB6FA0]
; 7208: F20F58E3 ADDSD XMM4, XMM3
; 720C: 488D420A LEA RAX, [RDX+10]
; 7210: 488BC8 MOV RCX, RAX
; 7213: 48D1F9 SAR RCX, 1
; 7216: 4C63C1 MOVSX R8, ECX
; 7219: 4939C8 CMP R8, RCX
; 721C: 0F85B6000000 JNE L12
; 7222: 4883C0FE ADD RAX, -2
; 7226: 488D3C06 LEA RDI, [RSI+RAX]
; 722A: 483B7BF9 CMP RDI, [RBX-7]
; 722E: 0F8376010000 JNB L32
; 7234: F20F104CBB01 MOVSD XMM1, [RBX+RDI*4+1]
; 723A: 660F540D5EFDFFFF ANDPD XMM1, [RIP-674] ; [#x53BB6FA0]
; 7242: F20F58CC ADDSD XMM1, XMM4
; 7246: 488D420C LEA RAX, [RDX+12]
; 724A: 488BC8 MOV RCX, RAX
; 724D: 48D1F9 SAR RCX, 1
; 7250: 4C63C1 MOVSX R8, ECX
; 7253: 4939C8 CMP R8, RCX
; 7256: 757A JNE L11
; 7258: 488BD0 MOV RDX, RAX
; 725B: 498D41FE LEA RAX, [R9-2]
; 725F: 488BC8 MOV RCX, RAX
; 7262: 48D1F9 SAR RCX, 1
; 7265: 4C63C1 MOVSX R8, ECX
; 7268: 4939C8 CMP R8, RCX
; 726B: 755F JNE L10
; 726D: 4C8BC8 MOV R9, RAX
; 7270: L5: 4D85C9 TEST R9, R9
; 7273: 0F8587FEFFFF JNE L4
; 7279: L6: 4D896D28 MOV [R13+40], R13 ; thread.pseudo-atomic-bits
; 727D: 498B5570 MOV RDX, [R13+112] ; thread.mixed-tlab
; 7281: 4883C210 ADD RDX, 16
; 7285: 493B5578 CMP RDX, [R13+120]
; 7289: 0F871F010000 JNBE L33
; 728F: 49895570 MOV [R13+112], RDX ; thread.mixed-tlab
; 7293: 4883C2FF ADD RDX, -1
; 7297: L7: 66C742F11D01 MOV WORD PTR [RDX-15], 285
; 729D: 4D316D28 XOR [R13+40], R13 ; thread.pseudo-atomic-bits
; 72A1: 7402 JEQ L8
; 72A3: CC09 INT3 9 ; pending interrupt trap
; 72A5: L8: F20F114AF9 MOVSD [RDX-7], XMM1
; 72AA: L9: BF17011050 MOV EDI, #x50100117 ; NIL
; 72AF: 488BF7 MOV RSI, RDI
; 72B2: 488975F0 MOV [RBP-16], RSI
; 72B6: 488D5D10 LEA RBX, [RBP+16]
; 72BA: B908000000 MOV ECX, 8
; 72BF: F9 STC
; 72C0: 488D65F0 LEA RSP, [RBP-16]
; 72C4: 488B6D00 MOV RBP, [RBP]
; 72C8: FF73F8 PUSH QWORD PTR [RBX-8]
; 72CB: C3 RET
; 72CC: L10: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 72CF: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 72D1: 02 BYTE #X02 ; RAX(s)
; 72D2: L11: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 72D5: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 72D7: 02 BYTE #X02 ; RAX(s)
; 72D8: L12: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 72DB: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 72DD: 02 BYTE #X02 ; RAX(s)
; 72DE: L13: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 72E1: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 72E3: 02 BYTE #X02 ; RAX(s)
; 72E4: L14: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 72E7: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 72E9: 02 BYTE #X02 ; RAX(s)
; 72EA: L15: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 72ED: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 72EF: 02 BYTE #X02 ; RAX(s)
; 72F0: L16: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 72F3: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 72F5: 02 BYTE #X02 ; RAX(s)
; 72F6: L17: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 72F9: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 72FB: 02 BYTE #X02 ; RAX(s)
; 72FC: L18: 4D8BCA MOV R9, R10
; 72FF: BA02000000 MOV EDX, 2
; 7304: EB58 JMP L20
; 7306: 660F1F840000000000 NOP
; 730F: 90 NOP
; 7310: L19: 488D42FE LEA RAX, [RDX-2]
; 7314: 488D3C06 LEA RDI, [RSI+RAX]
; 7318: 483B7BF9 CMP RDI, [RBX-7]
; 731C: 0F839C000000 JNB L34
; 7322: F20F1054BB01 MOVSD XMM2, [RBX+RDI*4+1]
; 7328: 660F541570FCFFFF ANDPD XMM2, [RIP-912] ; [#x53BB6FA0]
; 7330: F20F58CA ADDSD XMM1, XMM2
; 7334: 488D4202 LEA RAX, [RDX+2]
; 7338: 488BC8 MOV RCX, RAX
; 733B: 48D1F9 SAR RCX, 1
; 733E: 4C63C1 MOVSX R8, ECX
; 7341: 4939C8 CMP R8, RCX
; 7344: 7532 JNE L22
; 7346: 488BD0 MOV RDX, RAX
; 7349: 498D41FE LEA RAX, [R9-2]
; 734D: 488BC8 MOV RCX, RAX
; 7350: 48D1F9 SAR RCX, 1
; 7353: 4C63C1 MOVSX R8, ECX
; 7356: 4939C8 CMP R8, RCX
; 7359: 7517 JNE L21
; 735B: 4C8BC8 MOV R9, RAX
; 735E: L20: 4D85C9 TEST R9, R9
; 7361: 75AD JNE L19
; 7363: 4983FE0C CMP R14, 12
; 7367: 0F8C0CFFFFFF JL L6
; 736D: E93AFDFFFF JMP L3
; 7372: L21: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 7375: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 7377: 02 BYTE #X02 ; RAX(s)
; 7378: L22: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 737B: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 737D: 02 BYTE #X02 ; RAX(s)
; 737E: L23: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 7380: 18 BYTE #X18 ; RSI(d)
; 7381: L24: CC33 INT3 51 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIMPLE-ARRAY-DOUBLE-FLOAT-ERROR
; 7383: 0C BYTE #X0C ; RBX(d)
; 7384: L25: 498BC3 MOV RAX, R11
; 7387: 48D1F8 SAR RAX, 1
; 738A: CC63 INT3 99 ; OBJECT-NOT-SIGNED-BYTE-32-ERROR
; 738C: 02 BYTE #X02 ; RAX(s)
; 738D: L26: FF24256800A052 JMP QWORD PTR [#x52A00068] ; SB-VM::ALLOC-TRAMP
; 7394: CC10 INT3 16 ; Invalid argument count trap
; 7396: L27: CC24 INT3 36 ; INVALID-VECTOR-INDEX-ERROR
; 7398: 0C BYTE #X0C ; RBX(d)
; 7399: 1D BYTE #X1D ; RDI(a)
; 739A: L28: CC24 INT3 36 ; INVALID-VECTOR-INDEX-ERROR
; 739C: 0C BYTE #X0C ; RBX(d)
; 739D: 1D BYTE #X1D ; RDI(a)
; 739E: L29: CC24 INT3 36 ; INVALID-VECTOR-INDEX-ERROR
; 73A0: 0C BYTE #X0C ; RBX(d)
; 73A1: 1D BYTE #X1D ; RDI(a)
; 73A2: L30: CC24 INT3 36 ; INVALID-VECTOR-INDEX-ERROR
; 73A4: 0C BYTE #X0C ; RBX(d)
; 73A5: 1D BYTE #X1D ; RDI(a)
; 73A6: L31: CC24 INT3 36 ; INVALID-VECTOR-INDEX-ERROR
; 73A8: 0C BYTE #X0C ; RBX(d)
; 73A9: 1D BYTE #X1D ; RDI(a)
; 73AA: L32: CC24 INT3 36 ; INVALID-VECTOR-INDEX-ERROR
; 73AC: 0C BYTE #X0C ; RBX(d)
; 73AD: 1D BYTE #X1D ; RDI(a)
; 73AE: L33: 6A10 PUSH 16
; 73B0: E8D8FFFFFF CALL L26
; 73B5: 5A POP RDX
; 73B6: 80CA0F OR DL, 15
; 73B9: E9D9FEFFFF JMP L7
; 73BE: L34: CC24 INT3 36 ; INVALID-VECTOR-INDEX-ERROR
; 73C0: 0C BYTE #X0C ; RBX(d)
; 73C1: 1D BYTE #X1D ; RDI(a)
NILGNU Scientific Library is another alternative to (C)BLAS, but its functions operate on its own data types, thus introducing an overhead in translating lisp arrays to the GSL-native wrappers.
GSLL too ships with BLAS wrapper, but (i) these are generic functions (ii) even if one uses static-dispatch, the wrappers are made with grid:foreign-array in mind; thus introducing a level of indirection.
magicl ships with BLAS and LAPACK bindings, however these are FORTRAN bindings. In addition, the magicl generated high level bindings through the magicl/ext-blas or magicl/ext-lapack systems assume that the arguments will be undisplaced simple-array.