diff --git a/src/EditorFeatures/CSharpTest/CodeActions/InlineTemporary/InlineTemporaryTests.cs b/src/EditorFeatures/CSharpTest/CodeActions/InlineTemporary/InlineTemporaryTests.cs
index 7d93166aef7bf..3244a83e481ac 100644
--- a/src/EditorFeatures/CSharpTest/CodeActions/InlineTemporary/InlineTemporaryTests.cs
+++ b/src/EditorFeatures/CSharpTest/CodeActions/InlineTemporary/InlineTemporaryTests.cs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CodeRefactorings;
 using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp;
 using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.CodeRefactorings.InlineTemporary;
+using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Shared.Extensions;
 using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Test.Utilities;
 using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Test.Utilities;
 using Roslyn.Test.Utilities;
@@ -5170,5 +5171,73 @@ C M2()
     }
 }");
         }
+
+        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsInlineTemporary)]
+        [WorkItem(44263, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44263")]
+        public async Task Call_TopLevelStatement()
+        {
+            var code = @"
+using System;
+
+int [||]x = 1 + 1;
+x.ToString();
+";
+
+            var expected = @"
+using System;
+
+(1 + 1).ToString();
+";
+
+            // Global statements in regular code are local variables, so Inline Temporary works. Script code is not
+            // tested because global statements in script code are field declarations, which are not considered
+            // temporary.
+            await TestAsync(code, expected, TestOptions.Regular.WithLanguageVersion(LanguageVersionExtensions.CSharp9));
+        }
+
+        [WorkItem(44263, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44263")]
+        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsInlineTemporary)]
+        public async Task TopLevelStatement()
+        {
+            // Note: we should simplify 'global' as well
+            // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44420
+            var code = @"
+int val = 0;
+int [||]val2 = val + 1;
+System.Console.WriteLine(val2);
+";
+
+            var expected = @"
+int val = 0;
+global::System.Console.WriteLine(val + 1);
+";
+
+            // Global statements in regular code are local variables, so Inline Temporary works. Script code is not
+            // tested because global statements in script code are field declarations, which are not considered
+            // temporary.
+            await TestAsync(code, expected, TestOptions.Regular.WithLanguageVersion(LanguageVersionExtensions.CSharp9));
+        }
+
+        [WorkItem(44263, "https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44263")]
+        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsInlineTemporary)]
+        public async Task TopLevelStatement_InScope()
+        {
+            // Note: we should simplify 'global' as well
+            // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44420
+            await TestAsync(@"
+{
+    int val = 0;
+    int [||]val2 = val + 1;
+    System.Console.WriteLine(val2);
+}
+",
+@"
+{
+    int val = 0;
+    global::System.Console.WriteLine(val + 1);
+}
+",
+                TestOptions.Regular.WithLanguageVersion(LanguageVersionExtensions.CSharp9));
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Features/CSharp/Portable/CodeRefactorings/InlineTemporary/InlineTemporaryCodeRefactoringProvider.cs b/src/Features/CSharp/Portable/CodeRefactorings/InlineTemporary/InlineTemporaryCodeRefactoringProvider.cs
index 9f89089b367b3..0a06d293de39a 100644
--- a/src/Features/CSharp/Portable/CodeRefactorings/InlineTemporary/InlineTemporaryCodeRefactoringProvider.cs
+++ b/src/Features/CSharp/Portable/CodeRefactorings/InlineTemporary/InlineTemporaryCodeRefactoringProvider.cs
@@ -366,6 +366,11 @@ private SyntaxNode GetScope(VariableDeclaratorSyntax variableDeclarator)
                 scope = parentExpressions.LastOrDefault().Parent;
             }
 
+            if (scope.IsKind(SyntaxKind.GlobalStatement))
+            {
+                scope = scope.Parent;
+            }
+
             return scope;
         }
 
@@ -439,6 +444,12 @@ private SyntaxNode RemoveDeclaratorFromScope(VariableDeclaratorSyntax variableDe
                 return newScope.ReplaceNode(labeledStatement, newLabeledStatement);
             }
 
+            // If the local is parented by a global statement, we need to remove the parent global statement.
+            if (newLocalDeclaration.IsParentKind(SyntaxKind.GlobalStatement, out GlobalStatementSyntax globalStatement))
+            {
+                return newScope.RemoveNode(globalStatement, SyntaxRemoveOptions.KeepNoTrivia);
+            }
+
             return newScope.RemoveNode(newLocalDeclaration, SyntaxRemoveOptions.KeepNoTrivia);
         }