Render LaTeX math as Unicode text in the terminal.
$ termtex '\frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}'
-b ± √(b² - 4ac)
────────────────
2a
go install github.com/doug/termtex/cmd/termtex@latest# from argument
termtex '\sum_{i=1}^{n} i^2'
# from stdin
echo 'e^{i\pi} + 1 = 0' | termtex
# with color and italic Unicode
termtex -color -italic '\int_{0}^{\infty} e^{-x^2} dx'
# pure 7-bit ASCII output (for code comments, CI logs, terminals without good Unicode)
termtex -ascii '\frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}'
# markdown mode: rewrite $...$ and $$...$$ in a document and pipe into glow
cat doc.md | termtex -md | glow -Run ./demo.sh for a full showcase.
import "github.com/doug/termtex"
// Simple render (Style{} is the package default)
out, err := termtex.Render(`\frac{1}{2}`, termtex.Style{})
// With style options
out, err := termtex.Render(`\frac{1}{2}`, termtex.Style{
Color: true,
Italic: true,
})
// Pure ASCII output
out, err := termtex.Render(`\sqrt{\pi}`, termtex.Style{ASCII: true})termtex can expand $...$ (inline) and $$...$$ (display) math in markdown,
making it easy to integrate with terminal markdown renderers like
glamour. This is the recommended
path for glamour users — glamour doesn't expose a goldmark-extension hook, so
preprocessing is the only way to get math into its pipeline.
// Expand math delimiters, then pass to glamour.
processed := termtex.Expand(markdownString, termtex.Style{})
out, _ := glamour.Render(processed, "auto")See example/main.go for the full glamour pipeline.
If you're building your own terminal renderer on top of
goldmark (rather than using glamour), the
termtex/goldmark subpackage provides a goldmark Extender that adds
MathInline and MathBlock AST nodes plus a renderer that calls termtex.
import (
"github.com/yuin/goldmark"
ttgoldmark "github.com/doug/termtex/goldmark"
)
md := goldmark.New(
goldmark.WithExtensions(ttgoldmark.NewMathExtension()),
)Pair it with your own renderer.Renderer to control the surrounding
markdown styling. (Goldmark's default renderer emits HTML, which mixes
oddly with terminal-Unicode math — use this path for terminal pipelines
where you control the renderer, not for HTML output. For HTML math,
use KaTeX or MathJax client-side.)
| Category | Commands |
|---|---|
| Fractions | \frac{a}{b} |
| Superscripts / Subscripts | x^2, x_{i}, x_{i}^{2} |
| Square roots | \sqrt{x}, \sqrt[3]{x} |
| Big operators | \sum, \prod, \int, \oint with limits |
| Limits | \lim_{x \to 0} |
| Greek letters | \alpha through \omega, \Gamma through \Omega |
| Math fonts | \mathbb (ℕℤℚℝℂ), \mathcal (ℒℳℛ), \mathbf (𝐱), \mathfrak (𝔤), \mathsf (𝖠), \mathit |
| Delimiters | \left( \right), \left[ \right], \left\{ \right\} |
| Matrices | pmatrix, bmatrix, vmatrix, Bmatrix, Vmatrix |
| Accents | \hat, \bar, \vec, \dot, \ddot, \tilde, \overline, \underline |
| Wide accents | \widehat, \widetilde |
| Annotations | \overbrace{X}^{label}, \underbrace{X}_{label} |
| Operators | \pm, \times, \div, \cdot, \leq, \geq, \neq, \approx, \equiv |
| Arrows | \to, \rightarrow, \leftarrow, \Rightarrow, \Leftarrow |
| Sets | \in, \notin, \subset, \subseteq, \cup, \cap |
| Logic | \forall, \exists |
| Calculus | \partial, \nabla, \infty, \hbar |
| Brackets | \langle, \rangle, \mid |
| Functions | \sin, \cos, \log, \ln, \exp, \det, \max, \min, ... |
| Text | \text{...} |
| Spacing | \,, \;, \!, \quad, \qquad |
| Dots | \ldots, \cdots, \vdots, \ddots |
100 famous equations rendered by termtex. This section is auto-generated by demo.sh.
1. Euler's Identity e^{i\pi} + 1 = 0
iπ
e + 1 = 0
2. Pythagorean Theorem a^2 + b^2 = c^2
a² + b² = c²
3. Quadratic Formula \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}
-b ± √(b² - 4ac)
────────────────
2a
4. Binomial Theorem (x + y)^n = \sum_{k=0}^{n} \frac{n!}{k!(n-k)!} x^k y^{n-k}
n n!
(x + y)ⁿ = ∑ ──────────xᵏyⁿ⁻ᵏ
k=0 k!(n - k)!
5. Power Rule \frac{d}{dx} x^n = nx^{n-1}
d
────xⁿ = nxⁿ⁻¹
dx
6. Definition of Derivative \frac{df}{dx} = \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f(x+h) - f(x)}{h}
df f(x + h) - f(x)
──── = lim ───────────────
dx h→0 h
7. Fundamental Theorem of Calculus \int_{a}^{b} f(x) dx = F(b) - F(a)
b
∫ f(x)dx = F(b) - F(a)
a
8. Chain Rule \frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{dy}{du} \cdot \frac{du}{dx}
dy dy du
──── = ────·────
dx du dx
9. Product Rule (fg)^{\prime} = f^{\prime}g + fg^{\prime}
(fg)′ = f′g + fg′
10. Integration by Parts \int u \, dv = uv - \int v \, du
∫u dv = uv - ∫v du
11. Sum of Natural Numbers \sum_{i=1}^{n} i = \frac{n(n+1)}{2}
n n(n + 1)
∑ i = ────────
i=1 2
12. Sum of Squares \sum_{i=1}^{n} i^2 = \frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}
n n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
∑ i² = ────────────────
i=1 6
13. Geometric Series \sum_{k=0}^{n} r^k = \frac{1 - r^{n+1}}{1 - r}
n 1 - rⁿ⁺¹
∑ rᵏ = ────────
k=0 1 - r
14. Infinite Geometric Series \sum_{k=0}^{\infty} r^k = \frac{1}{1 - r}
∞ 1
∑ rᵏ = ─────
k=0 1 - r
15. Difference of Squares a^2 - b^2 = (a + b)(a - b)
a² - b² = (a + b)(a - b)
16. Cubic Formula (Depressed) x = \sqrt[3]{-\frac{q}{2} + \sqrt{\frac{q^2}{4} + \frac{p^3}{27}}} + \sqrt[3]{-\frac{q}{2} - \sqrt{\frac{q^2}{4} + \frac{p^3}{27}}}
⎛ q ⎛ q² p³ ⎞⎞ ⎛ q ⎛ q² p³ ⎞⎞
x = ³√⎜- ─── + √⎜──── + ────⎟⎟ + ³√⎜- ─── - √⎜──── + ────⎟⎟
⎝ 2 ⎝ 4 27 ⎠⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎝ 4 27 ⎠⎠
17. Fraction Addition \frac{a}{b} + \frac{c}{d} = \frac{ad + bc}{bd}
a c ad + bc
─── + ─── = ───────
b d bd
18. Logarithm Change of Base \log_a b = \frac{\ln b}{\ln a}
ln b
logₐ b = ────
ln a
19. Exponential-Log Inverse e^{\ln x} = x
ln x
e = x
20. Euler's Totient Product \phi(n) = n \prod_{p | n} \left(1 - \frac{1}{p}\right)
⎛ 1 ⎞
φ(n) = n ∏ ⎜1 - ───⎟
p|n ⎝ p ⎠
21. Gaussian Integral \int_{0}^{\infty} e^{-x^2} dx = \frac{\sqrt{\pi}}{2}
∞ √(π)
∫ e⁻ˣ²dx = ────
0 2
22. Taylor Series f(x) = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{f^{(n)}(a)}{n!} (x - a)^n
(n)
∞ f (a)
f(x) = ∑ ───────(x - a)ⁿ
n=0 n!
23. Maclaurin Series for e^x e^x = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{x^n}{n!}
∞ xⁿ
eˣ = ∑ ────
n=0 n!
24. Basel Problem \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^2} = \frac{\pi^2}{6}
∞ 1 π²
∑ ──── = ────
n=1 n² 6
25. Leibniz Formula for Pi \frac{\pi}{4} = 1 - \frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{5} - \frac{1}{7} + \cdots
π 1 1 1
─── = 1 - ─── + ─── - ─── + ⋯
4 3 5 7
26. Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality \left(\sum a_i b_i\right)^2 \leq \left(\sum a_i^2\right)\left(\sum b_i^2\right)
(∑aᵢbᵢ)² ≤ (∑a²ᵢ)(∑b²ᵢ)
27. Mean Value Theorem f(b) - f(a) = f^{\prime}(c)(b - a)
f(b) - f(a) = f′(c)(b - a)
28. L'Hopital's Rule \lim_{x \to c} \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} = \lim_{x \to c} \frac{f^{\prime}(x)}{g^{\prime}(x)}
f(x) f′(x)
lim ──── = lim ─────
x→c g(x) x→c g′(x)
29. Euler-Mascheroni Constant \gamma = \lim_{n \to \infty} \left(\sum_{k=1}^{n} \frac{1}{k} - \ln n\right)
⎛ n 1 ⎞
γ = lim ⎜ ∑ ─── - ln n⎟
n→∞ ⎝k=1 k ⎠
30. Stirling's Approximation n! \approx \sqrt{2\pi n} \left(\frac{n}{e}\right)^n
n
⎛ n ⎞
n! ≈ √(2πn)⎜───⎟
⎝ e ⎠
31. Pythagorean Identity \sin^2 \theta + \cos^2 \theta = 1
sin² θ + cos² θ = 1
32. Sine Addition \sin(\alpha + \beta) = \sin \alpha \cos \beta + \cos \alpha \sin \beta
sin (α + β) = sin α cos β + cos α sin β
33. Cosine Addition \cos(\alpha + \beta) = \cos \alpha \cos \beta - \sin \alpha \sin \beta
cos (α + β) = cos α cos β - sin α sin β
34. Euler's Formula e^{i\theta} = \cos \theta + i \sin \theta
eⁱᶿ = cos θ + i sin θ
35. Double Angle Sine \sin 2\theta = 2 \sin \theta \cos \theta
sin 2θ = 2 sin θ cos θ
36. Double Angle Cosine \cos 2\theta = \cos^2 \theta - \sin^2 \theta
cos 2θ = cos² θ - sin² θ
37. Tangent Definition \tan \theta = \frac{\sin \theta}{\cos \theta}
sin θ
tan θ = ─────
cos θ
38. Law of Sines \frac{a}{\sin A} = \frac{b}{\sin B} = \frac{c}{\sin C}
a b c
───── = ───── = ─────
sin A sin B sin C
39. Law of Cosines c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab \cos C
c² = a² + b² - 2ab cos C
40. Half-Angle Formula \sin \frac{\theta}{2} = \pm \sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos \theta}{2}}
θ ⎛1 - cos θ⎞
sin ─── = ±√⎜─────────⎟
2 ⎝ 2 ⎠
41. 2x2 Determinant \det \begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix} = ad - bc
⎡ a b ⎤
det ⎣ c d ⎦ = ad - bc
42. Kronecker Delta \delta_{ij} = \begin{cases} 1 & \text{if } i = j \\ 0 & \text{if } i \neq j \end{cases}
⎧ 1 if i = j
δᵢⱼ = ⎩ 0 if i ≠ j
43. Matrix Inverse (2x2) A^{-1} = \frac{1}{ad - bc} \begin{bmatrix} d & -b \\ -c & a \end{bmatrix}
1 ⎡ d -b ⎤
A⁻¹ = ───────⎣ -c a ⎦
ad - bc
44. Eigenvalue Equation Av = \lambda v
Av = λv
45. Characteristic Polynomial \det(A - \lambda I) = 0
det (A - λI) = 0
46. Dot Product a \cdot b = \sum_{i=1}^{n} a_i b_i
n
a·b = ∑ aᵢbᵢ
i=1
47. Cross Product a \times b = \begin{vmatrix} i & j & k \\ a_1 & a_2 & a_3 \\ b_1 & b_2 & b_3 \end{vmatrix}
│ i j k │
a × b = │ a₁ a₂ a₃ │
│ b₁ b₂ b₃ │
48. Matrix Transpose (AB)^T = B^T A^T
(AB)ᵀ = BᵀAᵀ
49. Trace \text{tr}(A) = \sum_{i=1}^{n} a_{ii}
n
tr (A) = ∑ aᵢᵢ
i=1
50. Rotation Matrix R(\theta) = \begin{bmatrix} \cos \theta & -\sin \theta \\ \sin \theta & \cos \theta \end{bmatrix}
⎡ cos θ -sin θ ⎤
R(θ) = ⎣ sin θ cos θ ⎦
51. Newton's Second Law F = ma
F = ma
52. E = mc^2 E = mc^2
E = mc²
53. Kinetic Energy E_k = \frac{1}{2}mv^2
1
Eₖ = ───mv²
2
54. Gravitational Force F = G\frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2}
m₁m₂
F = G────
r²
55. Gravitational Potential Energy U = -\frac{Gm_1 m_2}{r}
Gm₁m₂
U = - ─────
r
56. Escape Velocity v_e = \sqrt{\frac{2GM}{r}}
⎛2GM⎞
vₑ = √⎜───⎟
⎝ r ⎠
57. Simple Harmonic Motion x(t) = A\cos(\omega t + \phi)
x(t) = A cos (ωt + φ)
58. Euler-Lagrange Equation \frac{d}{dt}\frac{\partial L}{\partial v} - \frac{\partial L}{\partial q} = 0
d ∂L ∂L
──────── - ──── = 0
dt ∂v ∂q
59. Hamilton's Equation \frac{dq}{dt} = \frac{\partial H}{\partial p}
dq ∂H
──── = ────
dt ∂p
60. Centripetal Acceleration a = \frac{v^2}{r}
v²
a = ────
r
61. Gauss's Law \nabla \cdot E = \frac{\rho}{\epsilon_0}
ρ
∇·E = ────
ε₀
62. Gauss's Law (Magnetism) \nabla \cdot B = 0
∇·B = 0
63. Faraday's Law \nabla \times E = -\frac{\partial B}{\partial t}
∂B
∇ × E = - ────
∂t
64. Ampere's Law \nabla \times B = \mu_0 J + \mu_0 \epsilon_0 \frac{\partial E}{\partial t}
∂E
∇ × B = μ₀J + μ₀ε₀────
∂t
65. Coulomb's Law F = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \cdot \frac{q_1 q_2}{r^2}
1 q₁q₂
F = ────·────
4πε₀ r²
66. Lorentz Force F = q(E + v \times B)
F = q(E + v × B)
67. Ohm's Law V = IR
V = IR
68. Capacitor Energy E = \frac{1}{2}CV^2
1
E = ───CV²
2
69. Biot-Savart Law dB = \frac{\mu_0}{4\pi} \frac{I \, dl \times \hat{r}}{r^2}
μ₀ I dl × r̂
dB = ────────────
4π r²
70. Poynting Vector S = \frac{1}{\mu_0} E \times B
1
S = ────E × B
μ₀
71. Schrodinger Equation i\hbar\frac{\partial}{\partial t}\Psi = \hat{H}\Psi
∂
iℏ────Ψ = ĤΨ
∂t
72. Heisenberg Uncertainty \Delta x \, \Delta p \geq \frac{\hbar}{2}
ℏ
Δx Δp ≥ ───
2
73. de Broglie Wavelength \lambda = \frac{h}{p}
h
λ = ───
p
74. Planck-Einstein Relation E = h\nu
E = hν
75. Time Dilation \Delta t^{\prime} = \frac{\Delta t}{\sqrt{1 - \frac{v^2}{c^2}}}
Δt
Δt′ = ───────────
⎛ v² ⎞
√⎜1 - ────⎟
⎝ c² ⎠
76. Length Contraction L = L_0 \sqrt{1 - \frac{v^2}{c^2}}
⎛ v² ⎞
L = L₀√⎜1 - ────⎟
⎝ c² ⎠
77. Relativistic Energy-Momentum E^2 = (pc)^2 + (mc^2)^2
E² = (pc)² + (mc²)²
78. Schwarzschild Radius r_s = \frac{2GM}{c^2}
2GM
rₛ = ───
c²
79. Photoelectric Effect E_k = h\nu - \phi
Eₖ = hν - φ
80. Rydberg Formula \frac{1}{\lambda} = R\left(\frac{1}{{n_1}^2} - \frac{1}{{n_2}^2}\right)
1 ⎛ 1 1 ⎞
─── = R⎜─── - ───⎟
λ ⎝n₁² n₂²⎠
81. Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT
PV = nRT
82. Boltzmann Entropy S = k_B \ln \Omega
S = k ln Ω
B
83. First Law of Thermodynamics \Delta U = Q - W
ΔU = Q - W
84. Carnot Efficiency \eta = 1 - \frac{T_c}{T_h}
T
c
η = 1 - ────
T
h
85. Stefan-Boltzmann Law P = \sigma A T^4
P = σAT⁴
86. Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution f(v) = 4\pi n \left(\frac{m}{2\pi kT}\right)^{3/2} v^2 e^{-mv^2/2kT}
3/2 2
⎛ m ⎞ 2 -mv /2kT
f(v) = 4πn⎜────⎟ v e
⎝2πkT⎠
87. Planck's Law B(\nu) = \frac{2h\nu^3}{c^2} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{h\nu/kT} - 1}
3
2hν 1
B(ν) = ────·──────────
2 hν/kT
c e - 1
88. Gibbs Free Energy G = H - TS
G = H - TS
89. Clausius Inequality \oint \frac{dQ}{T} \leq 0
dQ
∮──── ≤ 0
T
90. Equipartition Theorem \langle E \rangle = \frac{f}{2} k_B T
f
⟨E⟩ = ───k T
2 B
91. Bayes' Theorem P(A \mid B) = \frac{P(B \mid A) \, P(A)}{P(B)}
P(B|A) P(A)
P(A|B) = ───────────
P(B)
92. Normal Distribution f(x) = \frac{1}{\sigma\sqrt{2\pi}} e^{-\frac{(x - \mu)^2}{2\sigma^2}}
(x-μ)²
- ──────
1 2σ²
f(x) = ──────e
σ√(2π)
93. Expected Value E[X] = \sum_{i} x_i \, P(x_i)
E[X] = ∑ xᵢ P(xᵢ)
i
94. Variance \text{Var}(X) = E[X^2] - (E[X])^2
Var (X) = E[X²] - (E[X])²
95. Shannon Entropy H = -\sum_{i} p_i \log_2 p_i
H = -∑ pᵢ log₂ pᵢ
i
96. Bernoulli Trial P(k) = \frac{n!}{k!(n-k)!} p^k (1-p)^{n-k}
n!
P(k) = ──────────pᵏ(1 - p)ⁿ⁻ᵏ
k!(n - k)!
97. Golden Ratio \phi = \frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}
1 + √(5)
φ = ────────
2
98. Euler Product (Riemann Zeta) \zeta(s) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^s} = \prod_{p} \frac{1}{1 - p^{-s}}
∞ 1 1
ζ(s) = ∑ ──── = ∏ ───────
n=1 nˢ p 1 - p⁻ˢ
99. Wallis Product \frac{\pi}{2} = \prod_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{4n^2}{4n^2 - 1}
π ∞ 4n²
─── = ∏ ───────
2 n=1 4n² - 1
100. Euler's Reflection Formula \Gamma(z)\Gamma(1-z) = \frac{\pi}{\sin(\pi z)}
π
Γ(z)Γ(1 - z) = ────────
sin (πz)