diff --git a/runtime/compiler/compile/J9SymbolReferenceTable.cpp b/runtime/compiler/compile/J9SymbolReferenceTable.cpp
index 1942fefa04f..0ea5033ac50 100644
--- a/runtime/compiler/compile/J9SymbolReferenceTable.cpp
+++ b/runtime/compiler/compile/J9SymbolReferenceTable.cpp
@@ -1291,6 +1291,13 @@ static bool isSignatureTypeBool(const char *fieldSignature, int32_t len)
    return len == 1 && fieldSignature[0] == 'Z';
    }
 
+static bool isSignatureReturnTypeBool(const char *methodSignature, int32_t len)
+   {
+   TR_ASSERT(len > 1, "Method signature is unexpectedly short %d", len);
+   // Method signature must end with ")Z" to have a boolean result type
+   return len > 1 && (')' == methodSignature[len-2]) && ('Z' == methodSignature[len-1]);
+   }
+
 bool
 J9::SymbolReferenceTable::isFieldTypeBool(TR::SymbolReference *symRef)
    {
@@ -1309,6 +1316,16 @@ J9::SymbolReferenceTable::isStaticTypeBool(TR::SymbolReference *symRef)
    return isSignatureTypeBool(fieldSignature, len);
    }
 
+bool
+J9::SymbolReferenceTable::isReturnTypeBool(TR::SymbolReference *symRef)
+   {
+   TR_Method *method = symRef->getSymbol()->castToResolvedMethodSymbol()->getMethod();
+   char *methodSignature = method->signatureChars();
+   const int32_t len = method->signatureLength();
+   dumpOptDetails(comp(), "got method signature as %.*s\n", len, methodSignature);
+   return isSignatureReturnTypeBool(methodSignature, len);
+   }
+
 static bool parmSlotCameFromExpandingAnArchetypeArgPlaceholder(int32_t slot, TR::ResolvedMethodSymbol *sym, TR_Memory *mem)
    {
    TR_ResolvedMethod *meth = sym->getResolvedMethod();
diff --git a/runtime/compiler/compile/J9SymbolReferenceTable.hpp b/runtime/compiler/compile/J9SymbolReferenceTable.hpp
index ca3d11abe08..a23d79253ab 100644
--- a/runtime/compiler/compile/J9SymbolReferenceTable.hpp
+++ b/runtime/compiler/compile/J9SymbolReferenceTable.hpp
@@ -264,6 +264,7 @@ class SymbolReferenceTable : public OMR::SymbolReferenceTableConnector
    bool isFieldClassObject(TR::SymbolReference *symRef);
    bool isFieldTypeBool(TR::SymbolReference *symRef);
    bool isStaticTypeBool(TR::SymbolReference *symRef);
+   bool isReturnTypeBool(TR::SymbolReference *symRef);
    void addParameters(TR::ResolvedMethodSymbol * owningMethodSymbol);
 
    // NO LONGER NEEDED?  Disabled since inception (2009)
diff --git a/runtime/compiler/x/amd64/codegen/AMD64JNILinkage.cpp b/runtime/compiler/x/amd64/codegen/AMD64JNILinkage.cpp
index eb120896ab8..4d5d391db67 100644
--- a/runtime/compiler/x/amd64/codegen/AMD64JNILinkage.cpp
+++ b/runtime/compiler/x/amd64/codegen/AMD64JNILinkage.cpp
@@ -1181,14 +1181,25 @@ void TR::AMD64JNILinkage::cleanupReturnValue(
       // type so that we sign and zero extend the narrower integer return types properly.
       //
       TR_X86OpCodes op;
+      TR::SymbolReference      *callSymRef = callNode->getSymbolReference();
       TR::ResolvedMethodSymbol *callSymbol = callNode->getSymbol()->castToResolvedMethodSymbol();
       TR_ResolvedMethod *resolvedMethod = callSymbol->getResolvedMethod();
 
       bool isUnsigned = resolvedMethod->returnTypeIsUnsigned();
+
       switch (resolvedMethod->returnType())
          {
          case TR::Int8:
-            if (isUnsigned)
+            if (comp()->getSymRefTab()->isReturnTypeBool(callSymRef))
+               {
+               // For bool return type, must check whether value returned by
+               // JNI is zero (false) or non-zero (true) to yield Java result
+               generateRegRegInstruction(TEST1RegReg, callNode,
+                     linkageReturnReg, linkageReturnReg, cg());
+               generateRegInstruction(SETNE1Reg, callNode, linkageReturnReg, cg());
+               op = TR::Compiler->target.is64Bit() ? MOVZXReg8Reg1 : MOVZXReg4Reg1;
+               }
+            else if (isUnsigned)
                {
                op = TR::Compiler->target.is64Bit() ? MOVZXReg8Reg1 : MOVZXReg4Reg1;
                }
diff --git a/runtime/compiler/x/i386/codegen/IA32JNILinkage.cpp b/runtime/compiler/x/i386/codegen/IA32JNILinkage.cpp
index 9280f95b1c6..17249f91c74 100644
--- a/runtime/compiler/x/i386/codegen/IA32JNILinkage.cpp
+++ b/runtime/compiler/x/i386/codegen/IA32JNILinkage.cpp
@@ -335,10 +335,20 @@ TR::Register *TR::IA32JNILinkage::buildJNIDispatch(TR::Node *callNode)
    // type so that we sign and zero extend the narrower integer return types properly.
    //
    bool isUnsigned = resolvedMethod->returnTypeIsUnsigned();
+   bool isBoolean;
    switch (resolvedMethod->returnType())
       {
       case TR::Int8:
-         generateRegRegInstruction(isUnsigned ? MOVZXReg4Reg1 : MOVSXReg4Reg1,
+         isBoolean = comp()->getSymRefTab()->isReturnTypeBool(callSymRef);
+         if (isBoolean)
+            {
+            // For bool return type, must check whether value returned by
+            // JNI is zero (false) or non-zero (true) to yield Java result
+            generateRegRegInstruction(TEST1RegReg, callNode, eaxReal, eaxReal, cg());
+            generateRegInstruction(SETNE1Reg, callNode, eaxReal, cg());
+            }
+         generateRegRegInstruction((isUnsigned || isBoolean)
+                                         ? MOVZXReg4Reg1 : MOVSXReg4Reg1,
                                    callNode, ecxReal, eaxReal, cg());
          break;
       case TR::Int16: