diff --git a/server/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/TransportVersionTests.java b/server/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/TransportVersionTests.java
index 2b412670501fb..74d2c07af34bb 100644
--- a/server/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/TransportVersionTests.java
+++ b/server/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/TransportVersionTests.java
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
 import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.TreeSet;
@@ -258,4 +259,16 @@ public void testDenseTransportVersions() {
             fail(msg.toString());
         }
     }
+
+    public void testDuplicateConstants() {
+        List<TransportVersion> tvs = TransportVersions.getAllVersions().stream().sorted().toList();
+        TransportVersion previous = tvs.get(0);
+        for (int i = 1; i < tvs.size(); i++) {
+            TransportVersion next = tvs.get(i);
+            if (next.id() == previous.id()) {
+                throw new AssertionError("Duplicate transport version id: " + next.id());
+            }
+            previous = next;
+        }
+    }
 }