Create and control browser windows.
Process: Main
This module cannot be used until the ready
event of the app
module is emitted.
// In the main process.
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
const win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 })
// Load a remote URL
win.loadURL('https://github.com')
// Or load a local HTML file
win.loadFile('index.html')
The BrowserWindow
class exposes various ways to modify the look and behavior of
your app's windows. For more details, see the Window Customization
tutorial.
When loading a page in the window directly, users may see the page load incrementally, which is not a good experience for a native app. To make the window display without a visual flash, there are two solutions for different situations.
While loading the page, the ready-to-show
event will be emitted when the renderer
process has rendered the page for the first time if the window has not been shown yet. Showing
the window after this event will have no visual flash:
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
const win = new BrowserWindow({ show: false })
win.once('ready-to-show', () => {
win.show()
})
This event is usually emitted after the did-finish-load
event, but for
pages with many remote resources, it may be emitted before the did-finish-load
event.
Please note that using this event implies that the renderer will be considered "visible" and
paint even though show
is false. This event will never fire if you use paintWhenInitiallyHidden: false
For a complex app, the ready-to-show
event could be emitted too late, making
the app feel slow. In this case, it is recommended to show the window
immediately, and use a backgroundColor
close to your app's background:
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
const win = new BrowserWindow({ backgroundColor: '#2e2c29' })
win.loadURL('https://github.com')
Note that even for apps that use ready-to-show
event, it is still recommended
to set backgroundColor
to make the app feel more native.
Some examples of valid backgroundColor
values include:
const win = new BrowserWindow()
win.setBackgroundColor('hsl(230, 100%, 50%)')
win.setBackgroundColor('rgb(255, 145, 145)')
win.setBackgroundColor('#ff00a3')
win.setBackgroundColor('blueviolet')
For more information about these color types see valid options in win.setBackgroundColor.
By using parent
option, you can create child windows:
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
const top = new BrowserWindow()
const child = new BrowserWindow({ parent: top })
child.show()
top.show()
The child
window will always show on top of the top
window.
A modal window is a child window that disables parent window. To create a modal
window, you have to set both the parent
and modal
options:
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
const top = new BrowserWindow()
const child = new BrowserWindow({ parent: top, modal: true, show: false })
child.loadURL('https://github.com')
child.once('ready-to-show', () => {
child.show()
})
The Page Visibility API works as follows:
- On all platforms, the visibility state tracks whether the window is hidden/minimized or not.
- Additionally, on macOS, the visibility state also tracks the window
occlusion state. If the window is occluded (i.e. fully covered) by another
window, the visibility state will be
hidden
. On other platforms, the visibility state will behidden
only when the window is minimized or explicitly hidden withwin.hide()
. - If a
BrowserWindow
is created withshow: false
, the initial visibility state will bevisible
despite the window actually being hidden. - If
backgroundThrottling
is disabled, the visibility state will remainvisible
even if the window is minimized, occluded, or hidden.
It is recommended that you pause expensive operations when the visibility
state is hidden
in order to minimize power consumption.
- On macOS modal windows will be displayed as sheets attached to the parent window.
- On macOS the child windows will keep the relative position to parent window when parent window moves, while on Windows and Linux child windows will not move.
- On Linux the type of modal windows will be changed to
dialog
. - On Linux many desktop environments do not support hiding a modal window.
Create and control browser windows.
Process: Main
BrowserWindow
is an EventEmitter.
It creates a new BrowserWindow
with native properties as set by the options
.
options
BrowserWindowConstructorOptions (optional)
Objects created with new BrowserWindow
emit the following events:
Note: Some events are only available on specific operating systems and are labeled as such.
Returns:
event
Eventtitle
stringexplicitSet
boolean
Emitted when the document changed its title, calling event.preventDefault()
will prevent the native window's title from changing.
explicitSet
is false when title is synthesized from file URL.
Returns:
event
Event
Emitted when the window is going to be closed. It's emitted before the
beforeunload
and unload
event of the DOM. Calling event.preventDefault()
will cancel the close.
Usually you would want to use the beforeunload
handler to decide whether the
window should be closed, which will also be called when the window is
reloaded. In Electron, returning any value other than undefined
would cancel the
close. For example:
window.onbeforeunload = (e) => {
console.log('I do not want to be closed')
// Unlike usual browsers that a message box will be prompted to users, returning
// a non-void value will silently cancel the close.
// It is recommended to use the dialog API to let the user confirm closing the
// application.
e.returnValue = false
}
Note: There is a subtle difference between the behaviors of window.onbeforeunload = handler
and window.addEventListener('beforeunload', handler)
. It is recommended to always set the event.returnValue
explicitly, instead of only returning a value, as the former works more consistently within Electron.
Emitted when the window is closed. After you have received this event you should remove the reference to the window and avoid using it any more.
Emitted when window session is going to end due to force shutdown or machine restart or session log off.
Emitted when the web page becomes unresponsive.
Emitted when the unresponsive web page becomes responsive again.
Emitted when the window loses focus.
Emitted when the window gains focus.
Emitted when the window is shown.
Emitted when the window is hidden.
Emitted when the web page has been rendered (while not being shown) and window can be displayed without a visual flash.
Please note that using this event implies that the renderer will be considered "visible" and
paint even though show
is false. This event will never fire if you use paintWhenInitiallyHidden: false
Emitted when window is maximized.
Emitted when the window exits from a maximized state.
Emitted when the window is minimized.
Emitted when the window is restored from a minimized state.
Returns:
event
EventnewBounds
Rectangle - Size the window is being resized to.details
Objectedge
(string) - The edge of the window being dragged for resizing. Can bebottom
,left
,right
,top-left
,top-right
,bottom-left
orbottom-right
.
Emitted before the window is resized. Calling event.preventDefault()
will prevent the window from being resized.
Note that this is only emitted when the window is being resized manually. Resizing the window with setBounds
/setSize
will not emit this event.
The possible values and behaviors of the edge
option are platform dependent. Possible values are:
- On Windows, possible values are
bottom
,top
,left
,right
,top-left
,top-right
,bottom-left
,bottom-right
. - On macOS, possible values are
bottom
andright
.- The value
bottom
is used to denote vertical resizing. - The value
right
is used to denote horizontal resizing.
- The value
Emitted after the window has been resized.
Emitted once when the window has finished being resized.
This is usually emitted when the window has been resized manually. On macOS, resizing the window with setBounds
/setSize
and setting the animate
parameter to true
will also emit this event once resizing has finished.
Returns:
event
EventnewBounds
Rectangle - Location the window is being moved to.
Emitted before the window is moved. On Windows, calling event.preventDefault()
will prevent the window from being moved.
Note that this is only emitted when the window is being moved manually. Moving the window with setPosition
/setBounds
/center
will not emit this event.
Emitted when the window is being moved to a new position.
Emitted once when the window is moved to a new position.
Note: On macOS this event is an alias of move
.
Emitted when the window enters a full-screen state.
Emitted when the window leaves a full-screen state.
Emitted when the window enters a full-screen state triggered by HTML API.
Emitted when the window leaves a full-screen state triggered by HTML API.
Returns:
event
EventisAlwaysOnTop
boolean
Emitted when the window is set or unset to show always on top of other windows.
Returns:
event
Eventcommand
string
Emitted when an App Command is invoked. These are typically related to keyboard media keys or browser commands, as well as the "Back" button built into some mice on Windows.
Commands are lowercased, underscores are replaced with hyphens, and the
APPCOMMAND_
prefix is stripped off.
e.g. APPCOMMAND_BROWSER_BACKWARD
is emitted as browser-backward
.
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
const win = new BrowserWindow()
win.on('app-command', (e, cmd) => {
// Navigate the window back when the user hits their mouse back button
if (cmd === 'browser-backward' && win.webContents.canGoBack()) {
win.webContents.goBack()
}
})
The following app commands are explicitly supported on Linux:
browser-backward
browser-forward
Returns:
event
Eventdirection
string
Emitted on 3-finger swipe. Possible directions are up
, right
, down
, left
.
The method underlying this event is built to handle older macOS-style trackpad swiping,
where the content on the screen doesn't move with the swipe. Most macOS trackpads are not
configured to allow this kind of swiping anymore, so in order for it to emit properly the
'Swipe between pages' preference in System Preferences > Trackpad > More Gestures
must be
set to 'Swipe with two or three fingers'.
Returns:
event
Eventrotation
Float
Emitted on trackpad rotation gesture. Continually emitted until rotation gesture is
ended. The rotation
value on each emission is the angle in degrees rotated since
the last emission. The last emitted event upon a rotation gesture will always be of
value 0
. Counter-clockwise rotation values are positive, while clockwise ones are
negative.
Emitted when the window opens a sheet.
Emitted when the window has closed a sheet.
Emitted when the native new tab button is clicked.
Returns:
event
Eventpoint
Point - The screen coordinates the context menu was triggered at
Emitted when the system context menu is triggered on the window, this is
normally only triggered when the user right clicks on the non-client area
of your window. This is the window titlebar or any area you have declared
as -webkit-app-region: drag
in a frameless window.
Calling event.preventDefault()
will prevent the menu from being displayed.
The BrowserWindow
class has the following static methods:
Returns BrowserWindow[]
- An array of all opened browser windows.
Returns BrowserWindow | null
- The window that is focused in this application, otherwise returns null
.
webContents
WebContents
Returns BrowserWindow | null
- The window that owns the given webContents
or null
if the contents are not owned by a window.
browserView
BrowserView
Note The
BrowserView
class is deprecated, and replaced by the newWebContentsView
class.
Returns BrowserWindow | null
- The window that owns the given browserView
. If the given view is not attached to any window, returns null
.
id
Integer
Returns BrowserWindow | null
- The window with the given id
.
Objects created with new BrowserWindow
have the following properties:
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
// In this example `win` is our instance
const win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 })
win.loadURL('https://github.com')
A WebContents
object this window owns. All web page related events and
operations will be done via it.
See the webContents
documentation for its methods and
events.
A Integer
property representing the unique ID of the window. Each ID is unique among all BrowserWindow
instances of the entire Electron application.
A string
(optional) property that is equal to the tabbingIdentifier
passed to the BrowserWindow
constructor or undefined
if none was set.
A boolean
property that determines whether the window menu bar should hide itself automatically. Once set, the menu bar will only show when users press the single Alt
key.
If the menu bar is already visible, setting this property to true
won't
hide it immediately.
A boolean
property that determines whether the window is in simple (pre-Lion) fullscreen mode.
A boolean
property that determines whether the window is in fullscreen mode.
A boolean
property that determines whether the window is focusable.
A boolean
property that determines whether the window is visible on all workspaces.
Note: Always returns false on Windows.
A boolean
property that determines whether the window has a shadow.
A boolean
property that determines whether the menu bar should be visible.
Note: If the menu bar is auto-hide, users can still bring up the menu bar by pressing the single Alt
key.
A boolean
property that determines whether the window is in kiosk mode.
A boolean
property that specifies whether the window’s document has been edited.
The icon in title bar will become gray when set to true
.
A string
property that determines the pathname of the file the window represents,
and the icon of the file will show in window's title bar.
A string
property that determines the title of the native window.
Note: The title of the web page can be different from the title of the native window.
A boolean
property that determines whether the window can be manually minimized by user.
On Linux the setter is a no-op, although the getter returns true
.
A boolean
property that determines whether the window can be manually maximized by user.
On Linux the setter is a no-op, although the getter returns true
.
A boolean
property that determines whether the maximize/zoom window button toggles fullscreen mode or
maximizes the window.
A boolean
property that determines whether the window can be manually resized by user.
A boolean
property that determines whether the window can be manually closed by user.
On Linux the setter is a no-op, although the getter returns true
.
A boolean
property that determines Whether the window can be moved by user.
On Linux the setter is a no-op, although the getter returns true
.
A boolean
property that determines whether the window is excluded from the application’s Windows menu. false
by default.
const win = new BrowserWindow({ height: 600, width: 600 })
const template = [
{
role: 'windowmenu'
}
]
win.excludedFromShownWindowsMenu = true
const menu = Menu.buildFromTemplate(template)
Menu.setApplicationMenu(menu)
A string
property that defines an alternative title provided only to
accessibility tools such as screen readers. This string is not directly
visible to users.
Objects created with new BrowserWindow
have the following instance methods:
Note: Some methods are only available on specific operating systems and are labeled as such.
Force closing the window, the unload
and beforeunload
event won't be emitted
for the web page, and close
event will also not be emitted
for this window, but it guarantees the closed
event will be emitted.
Try to close the window. This has the same effect as a user manually clicking the close button of the window. The web page may cancel the close though. See the close event.
Focuses on the window.
Removes focus from the window.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window is focused.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window is destroyed.
Shows and gives focus to the window.
Shows the window but doesn't focus on it.
Hides the window.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window is visible to the user in the foreground of the app.
Returns boolean
- Whether current window is a modal window.
Maximizes the window. This will also show (but not focus) the window if it isn't being displayed already.
Unmaximizes the window.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window is maximized.
Minimizes the window. On some platforms the minimized window will be shown in the Dock.
Restores the window from minimized state to its previous state.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window is minimized.
flag
boolean
Sets whether the window should be in fullscreen mode.
Note: On macOS, fullscreen transitions take place asynchronously. If further actions depend on the fullscreen state, use the 'enter-full-screen' or 'leave-full-screen' events.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window is in fullscreen mode.
Note: On macOS, fullscreen transitions take place asynchronously. When querying for a BrowserWindow's fullscreen status, you should ensure that either the 'enter-full-screen' or 'leave-full-screen' events have been emitted.
flag
boolean
Enters or leaves simple fullscreen mode.
Simple fullscreen mode emulates the native fullscreen behavior found in versions of macOS prior to Lion (10.7).
Returns boolean
- Whether the window is in simple (pre-Lion) fullscreen mode.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window is in normal state (not maximized, not minimized, not in fullscreen mode).
aspectRatio
Float - The aspect ratio to maintain for some portion of the content view.extraSize
Size (optional) macOS - The extra size not to be included while maintaining the aspect ratio.
This will make a window maintain an aspect ratio. The extra size allows a developer to have space, specified in pixels, not included within the aspect ratio calculations. This API already takes into account the difference between a window's size and its content size.
Consider a normal window with an HD video player and associated controls. Perhaps there are 15 pixels of controls on the left edge, 25 pixels of controls on the right edge and 50 pixels of controls below the player. In order to maintain a 16:9 aspect ratio (standard aspect ratio for HD @1920x1080) within the player itself we would call this function with arguments of 16/9 and { width: 40, height: 50 }. The second argument doesn't care where the extra width and height are within the content view--only that they exist. Sum any extra width and height areas you have within the overall content view.
The aspect ratio is not respected when window is resized programmatically with
APIs like win.setSize
.
To reset an aspect ratio, pass 0 as the aspectRatio
value: win.setAspectRatio(0)
.
backgroundColor
string - Color in Hex, RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA or named CSS color format. The alpha channel is optional for the hex type.
Examples of valid backgroundColor
values:
- Hex
- #fff (shorthand RGB)
- #ffff (shorthand ARGB)
- #ffffff (RGB)
- #ffffffff (ARGB)
- RGB
rgb\(([\d]+),\s*([\d]+),\s*([\d]+)\)
- e.g. rgb(255, 255, 255)
- RGBA
rgba\(([\d]+),\s*([\d]+),\s*([\d]+),\s*([\d.]+)\)
- e.g. rgba(255, 255, 255, 1.0)
- HSL
hsl\((-?[\d.]+),\s*([\d.]+)%,\s*([\d.]+)%\)
- e.g. hsl(200, 20%, 50%)
- HSLA
hsla\((-?[\d.]+),\s*([\d.]+)%,\s*([\d.]+)%,\s*([\d.]+)\)
- e.g. hsla(200, 20%, 50%, 0.5)
- Color name
- Options are listed in SkParseColor.cpp
- Similar to CSS Color Module Level 3 keywords, but case-sensitive.
- e.g.
blueviolet
orred
- e.g.
Sets the background color of the window. See Setting backgroundColor
.
path
string - The absolute path to the file to preview with QuickLook. This is important as Quick Look uses the file name and file extension on the path to determine the content type of the file to open.displayName
string (optional) - The name of the file to display on the Quick Look modal view. This is purely visual and does not affect the content type of the file. Defaults topath
.
Uses Quick Look to preview a file at a given path.
Closes the currently open Quick Look panel.
bounds
Partial<Rectangle>animate
boolean (optional) macOS
Resizes and moves the window to the supplied bounds. Any properties that are not supplied will default to their current values.
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
const win = new BrowserWindow()
// set all bounds properties
win.setBounds({ x: 440, y: 225, width: 800, height: 600 })
// set a single bounds property
win.setBounds({ width: 100 })
// { x: 440, y: 225, width: 100, height: 600 }
console.log(win.getBounds())
Note: On macOS, the y-coordinate value cannot be smaller than the Tray height. The tray height has changed over time and depends on the operating system, but is between 20-40px. Passing a value lower than the tray height will result in a window that is flush to the tray.
Returns Rectangle
- The bounds
of the window as Object
.
Note: On macOS, the y-coordinate value returned will be at minimum the Tray height. For example, calling win.setBounds({ x: 25, y: 20, width: 800, height: 600 })
with a tray height of 38 means that win.getBounds()
will return { x: 25, y: 38, width: 800, height: 600 }
.
Returns string
- Gets the background color of the window in Hex (#RRGGBB
) format.
Note: The alpha value is not returned alongside the red, green, and blue values.
bounds
Rectangleanimate
boolean (optional) macOS
Resizes and moves the window's client area (e.g. the web page) to the supplied bounds.
Returns Rectangle
- The bounds
of the window's client area as Object
.
Returns Rectangle
- Contains the window bounds of the normal state
Note: whatever the current state of the window : maximized, minimized or in fullscreen, this function always returns the position and size of the window in normal state. In normal state, getBounds and getNormalBounds returns the same Rectangle
.
enable
boolean
Disable or enable the window.
Returns boolean
- whether the window is enabled.
width
Integerheight
Integeranimate
boolean (optional) macOS
Resizes the window to width
and height
. If width
or height
are below any set minimum size constraints the window will snap to its minimum size.
Returns Integer[]
- Contains the window's width and height.
width
Integerheight
Integeranimate
boolean (optional) macOS
Resizes the window's client area (e.g. the web page) to width
and height
.
Returns Integer[]
- Contains the window's client area's width and height.
width
Integerheight
Integer
Sets the minimum size of window to width
and height
.
Returns Integer[]
- Contains the window's minimum width and height.
width
Integerheight
Integer
Sets the maximum size of window to width
and height
.
Returns Integer[]
- Contains the window's maximum width and height.
resizable
boolean
Sets whether the window can be manually resized by the user.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window can be manually resized by the user.
movable
boolean
Sets whether the window can be moved by user. On Linux does nothing.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window can be moved by user.
On Linux always returns true
.
minimizable
boolean
Sets whether the window can be manually minimized by user. On Linux does nothing.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window can be manually minimized by the user.
On Linux always returns true
.
maximizable
boolean
Sets whether the window can be manually maximized by user. On Linux does nothing.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window can be manually maximized by user.
On Linux always returns true
.
fullscreenable
boolean
Sets whether the maximize/zoom window button toggles fullscreen mode or maximizes the window.
Returns boolean
- Whether the maximize/zoom window button toggles fullscreen mode or maximizes the window.
closable
boolean
Sets whether the window can be manually closed by user. On Linux does nothing.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window can be manually closed by user.
On Linux always returns true
.
win.setHiddenInMissionControl(hidden)
macOS
hidden
boolean
Sets whether the window will be hidden when the user toggles into mission control.
win.isHiddenInMissionControl()
macOS
Returns boolean
- Whether the window will be hidden when the user toggles into mission control.
flag
booleanlevel
string (optional) macOS Windows - Values includenormal
,floating
,torn-off-menu
,modal-panel
,main-menu
,status
,pop-up-menu
,screen-saver
, and(Deprecated). The default isdock
floating
whenflag
is true. Thelevel
is reset tonormal
when the flag is false. Note that fromfloating
tostatus
included, the window is placed below the Dock on macOS and below the taskbar on Windows. Frompop-up-menu
to a higher it is shown above the Dock on macOS and above the taskbar on Windows. See the macOS docs for more details.relativeLevel
Integer (optional) macOS - The number of layers higher to set this window relative to the givenlevel
. The default is0
. Note that Apple discourages setting levels higher than 1 abovescreen-saver
.
Sets whether the window should show always on top of other windows. After setting this, the window is still a normal window, not a toolbox window which can not be focused on.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window is always on top of other windows.
mediaSourceId
string - Window id in the format of DesktopCapturerSource's id. For example "window:1869:0".
Moves window above the source window in the sense of z-order. If the
mediaSourceId
is not of type window or if the window does not exist then
this method throws an error.
Moves window to top(z-order) regardless of focus
Moves window to the center of the screen.
x
Integery
Integeranimate
boolean (optional) macOS
Moves window to x
and y
.
Returns Integer[]
- Contains the window's current position.
title
string
Changes the title of native window to title
.
Returns string
- The title of the native window.
Note: The title of the web page can be different from the title of the native window.
offsetY
FloatoffsetX
Float (optional)
Changes the attachment point for sheets on macOS. By default, sheets are attached just below the window frame, but you may want to display them beneath a HTML-rendered toolbar. For example:
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
const win = new BrowserWindow()
const toolbarRect = document.getElementById('toolbar').getBoundingClientRect()
win.setSheetOffset(toolbarRect.height)
flag
boolean
Starts or stops flashing the window to attract user's attention.
skip
boolean
Makes the window not show in the taskbar.
flag
boolean
Enters or leaves kiosk mode.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window is in kiosk mode.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window is in Windows 10 tablet mode.
Since Windows 10 users can use their PC as tablet, under this mode apps can choose to optimize their UI for tablets, such as enlarging the titlebar and hiding titlebar buttons.
This API returns whether the window is in tablet mode, and the resize
event
can be be used to listen to changes to tablet mode.
Returns string
- Window id in the format of DesktopCapturerSource's id. For example "window:1324:0".
More precisely the format is window:id:other_id
where id
is HWND
on
Windows, CGWindowID
(uint64_t
) on macOS and Window
(unsigned long
) on
Linux. other_id
is used to identify web contents (tabs) so within the same
top level window.
Returns Buffer
- The platform-specific handle of the window.
The native type of the handle is HWND
on Windows, NSView*
on macOS, and
Window
(unsigned long
) on Linux.
message
Integercallback
FunctionwParam
Buffer - ThewParam
provided to the WndProclParam
Buffer - ThelParam
provided to the WndProc
Hooks a windows message. The callback
is called when
the message is received in the WndProc.
message
Integer
Returns boolean
- true
or false
depending on whether the message is hooked.
message
Integer
Unhook the window message.
Unhooks all of the window messages.
filename
string
Sets the pathname of the file the window represents, and the icon of the file will show in window's title bar.
Returns string
- The pathname of the file the window represents.
edited
boolean
Specifies whether the window’s document has been edited, and the icon in title
bar will become gray when set to true
.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window's document has been edited.
rect
Rectangle (optional) - The bounds to captureopts
Object (optional)stayHidden
boolean (optional) - Keep the page hidden instead of visible. Default isfalse
.stayAwake
boolean (optional) - Keep the system awake instead of allowing it to sleep. Default isfalse
.
Returns Promise<NativeImage>
- Resolves with a NativeImage
Captures a snapshot of the page within rect
. Omitting rect
will capture the whole visible page. If the page is not visible, rect
may be empty. The page is considered visible when its browser window is hidden and the capturer count is non-zero. If you would like the page to stay hidden, you should ensure that stayHidden
is set to true.
url
stringoptions
Object (optional)httpReferrer
(string | Referrer) (optional) - An HTTP Referrer URL.userAgent
string (optional) - A user agent originating the request.extraHeaders
string (optional) - Extra headers separated by "\n"postData
(UploadRawData | UploadFile)[] (optional)baseURLForDataURL
string (optional) - Base URL (with trailing path separator) for files to be loaded by the data URL. This is needed only if the specifiedurl
is a data URL and needs to load other files.
Returns Promise<void>
- the promise will resolve when the page has finished loading
(see did-finish-load
), and rejects
if the page fails to load (see did-fail-load
).
Same as webContents.loadURL(url[, options])
.
The url
can be a remote address (e.g. http://
) or a path to a local
HTML file using the file://
protocol.
To ensure that file URLs are properly formatted, it is recommended to use
Node's url.format
method:
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
const win = new BrowserWindow()
const url = require('url').format({
protocol: 'file',
slashes: true,
pathname: require('node:path').join(__dirname, 'index.html')
})
win.loadURL(url)
You can load a URL using a POST
request with URL-encoded data by doing
the following:
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
const win = new BrowserWindow()
win.loadURL('http://localhost:8000/post', {
postData: [{
type: 'rawData',
bytes: Buffer.from('hello=world')
}],
extraHeaders: 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
})
filePath
stringoptions
Object (optional)query
Record<string, string> (optional) - Passed tourl.format()
.search
string (optional) - Passed tourl.format()
.hash
string (optional) - Passed tourl.format()
.
Returns Promise<void>
- the promise will resolve when the page has finished loading
(see did-finish-load
), and rejects
if the page fails to load (see did-fail-load
).
Same as webContents.loadFile
, filePath
should be a path to an HTML
file relative to the root of your application. See the webContents
docs
for more information.
Same as webContents.reload
.
menu
Menu | null
Sets the menu
as the window's menu bar.
Remove the window's menu bar.
progress
Doubleoptions
Object (optional)mode
string Windows - Mode for the progress bar. Can benone
,normal
,indeterminate
,error
orpaused
.
Sets progress value in progress bar. Valid range is [0, 1.0].
Remove progress bar when progress < 0; Change to indeterminate mode when progress > 1.
On Linux platform, only supports Unity desktop environment, you need to specify
the *.desktop
file name to desktopName
field in package.json
. By default,
it will assume {app.name}.desktop
.
On Windows, a mode can be passed. Accepted values are none
, normal
,
indeterminate
, error
, and paused
. If you call setProgressBar
without a
mode set (but with a value within the valid range), normal
will be assumed.
overlay
NativeImage | null - the icon to display on the bottom right corner of the taskbar icon. If this parameter isnull
, the overlay is cleareddescription
string - a description that will be provided to Accessibility screen readers
Sets a 16 x 16 pixel overlay onto the current taskbar icon, usually used to convey some sort of application status or to passively notify the user.
Invalidates the window shadow so that it is recomputed based on the current window shape.
BrowserWindows
that are transparent can sometimes leave behind visual artifacts on macOS.
This method can be used to clear these artifacts when, for example, performing an animation.
hasShadow
boolean
Sets whether the window should have a shadow.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window has a shadow.
opacity
number - between 0.0 (fully transparent) and 1.0 (fully opaque)
Sets the opacity of the window. On Linux, does nothing. Out of bound number values are clamped to the [0, 1] range.
Returns number
- between 0.0 (fully transparent) and 1.0 (fully opaque). On
Linux, always returns 1.
rects
Rectangle[] - Sets a shape on the window. Passing an empty list reverts the window to being rectangular.
Setting a window shape determines the area within the window where the system permits drawing and user interaction. Outside of the given region, no pixels will be drawn and no mouse events will be registered. Mouse events outside of the region will not be received by that window, but will fall through to whatever is behind the window.
buttons
ThumbarButton[]
Returns boolean
- Whether the buttons were added successfully
Add a thumbnail toolbar with a specified set of buttons to the thumbnail image
of a window in a taskbar button layout. Returns a boolean
object indicates
whether the thumbnail has been added successfully.
The number of buttons in thumbnail toolbar should be no greater than 7 due to the limited room. Once you setup the thumbnail toolbar, the toolbar cannot be removed due to the platform's limitation. But you can call the API with an empty array to clean the buttons.
The buttons
is an array of Button
objects:
Button
Objecticon
NativeImage - The icon showing in thumbnail toolbar.click
Functiontooltip
string (optional) - The text of the button's tooltip.flags
string[] (optional) - Control specific states and behaviors of the button. By default, it is['enabled']
.
The flags
is an array that can include following string
s:
enabled
- The button is active and available to the user.disabled
- The button is disabled. It is present, but has a visual state indicating it will not respond to user action.dismissonclick
- When the button is clicked, the thumbnail window closes immediately.nobackground
- Do not draw a button border, use only the image.hidden
- The button is not shown to the user.noninteractive
- The button is enabled but not interactive; no pressed button state is drawn. This value is intended for instances where the button is used in a notification.
region
Rectangle - Region of the window
Sets the region of the window to show as the thumbnail image displayed when
hovering over the window in the taskbar. You can reset the thumbnail to be
the entire window by specifying an empty region:
{ x: 0, y: 0, width: 0, height: 0 }
.
toolTip
string
Sets the toolTip that is displayed when hovering over the window thumbnail in the taskbar.
options
ObjectappId
string (optional) - Window's App User Model ID. It has to be set, otherwise the other options will have no effect.appIconPath
string (optional) - Window's Relaunch Icon.appIconIndex
Integer (optional) - Index of the icon inappIconPath
. Ignored whenappIconPath
is not set. Default is0
.relaunchCommand
string (optional) - Window's Relaunch Command.relaunchDisplayName
string (optional) - Window's Relaunch Display Name.
Sets the properties for the window's taskbar button.
Note: relaunchCommand
and relaunchDisplayName
must always be set
together. If one of those properties is not set, then neither will be used.
Same as webContents.showDefinitionForSelection()
.
icon
NativeImage | string
Changes window icon.
visible
boolean
Sets whether the window traffic light buttons should be visible.
hide
boolean
Sets whether the window menu bar should hide itself automatically. Once set the
menu bar will only show when users press the single Alt
key.
If the menu bar is already visible, calling setAutoHideMenuBar(true)
won't hide it immediately.
Returns boolean
- Whether menu bar automatically hides itself.
visible
boolean
Sets whether the menu bar should be visible. If the menu bar is auto-hide, users can still bring up the menu bar by pressing the single Alt
key.
Returns boolean
- Whether the menu bar is visible.
visible
booleanoptions
Object (optional)visibleOnFullScreen
boolean (optional) macOS - Sets whether the window should be visible above fullscreen windows.skipTransformProcessType
boolean (optional) macOS - Calling setVisibleOnAllWorkspaces will by default transform the process type between UIElementApplication and ForegroundApplication to ensure the correct behavior. However, this will hide the window and dock for a short time every time it is called. If your window is already of type UIElementApplication, you can bypass this transformation by passing true to skipTransformProcessType.
Sets whether the window should be visible on all workspaces.
Note: This API does nothing on Windows.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window is visible on all workspaces.
Note: This API always returns false on Windows.
ignore
booleanoptions
Object (optional)forward
boolean (optional) macOS Windows - If true, forwards mouse move messages to Chromium, enabling mouse related events such asmouseleave
. Only used whenignore
is true. Ifignore
is false, forwarding is always disabled regardless of this value.
Makes the window ignore all mouse events.
All mouse events happened in this window will be passed to the window below this window, but if this window has focus, it will still receive keyboard events.
enable
boolean
Prevents the window contents from being captured by other apps.
On macOS it sets the NSWindow's sharingType to NSWindowSharingNone.
On Windows it calls SetWindowDisplayAffinity with WDA_EXCLUDEFROMCAPTURE
.
For Windows 10 version 2004 and up the window will be removed from capture entirely,
older Windows versions behave as if WDA_MONITOR
is applied capturing a black window.
focusable
boolean
Changes whether the window can be focused.
On macOS it does not remove the focus from the window.
Returns boolean
- Whether the window can be focused.