diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile
index 195fc0b..f1d2a6b 100644
--- a/Dockerfile
+++ b/Dockerfile
@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@ FROM ubuntu:24.04
 
 # Ubuntu 24.04 ships with bash version 5.2
 # https://hub.docker.com/layers/library/ubuntu/24.04/images/sha256-3963c438d67a34318a3672faa6debd1dfff48e5d52de54305988b932c61514ca?context=explore
-# Specifically use bats 1.5.0
-# Remove git when we're done with it.
+# 24.04 provides bats v1.10.0
 # Test runner needs jq.
 # Other commands to add to environment, might be used by students
 #   - bc
@@ -11,17 +10,11 @@ FROM ubuntu:24.04
 # Tools commonly used by students that will already be installed include:
 #   - sed, tr, ...
 
-RUN apt-get update && \
-    apt-get install -y git jq bc gawk && \
-    git clone https://github.com/bats-core/bats-core && \
-    cd bats-core && \
-    git checkout v1.5.0 && \
-    bash ./install.sh /usr/local && \
-    cd && \
-    apt-get remove -y git && \
-    apt-get purge --auto-remove -y && \
-    apt-get clean && \
-    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* ./bats-core
+RUN apt-get update                      && \
+    apt-get install -y bats jq bc gawk  && \
+    apt-get purge --auto-remove -y      && \
+    apt-get clean                       && \
+    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
 COPY . /opt/test-runner
 WORKDIR /opt/test-runner
diff --git a/bats b/bats
deleted file mode 160000
index c706d14..0000000
--- a/bats
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Subproject commit c706d1470dd1376687776bbe985ac22d09780327
diff --git a/bin/run.sh b/bin/run.sh
index 804192e..5ab02ae 100755
--- a/bin/run.sh
+++ b/bin/run.sh
@@ -18,6 +18,15 @@
 INTERFACE_VERSION=2
 
 main() {
+    if (($# != 3)) || [[ $1 == '-h' ]]; then
+        echo "usage: $0 <exercise_slug> <solution_directory> <output_directory>"
+        echo ""
+        echo "Typically, solution_directory == output_directory"
+        echo "example:"
+        echo "\$ $0 one_passing ./tests/data/one_passing{,}"
+        exit
+    fi
+
     echo "Running exercise tests for Bash"
 
     local slug="$1"
@@ -190,7 +199,8 @@ error() {
         --argjson version "$INTERFACE_VERSION" \
         --arg status "error" \
         --arg message "$(< "$output_file")" \
-        '{version: $version, status: $status, message: $message}'
+        '{version: $version, status: $status, message: $message}' \
+    > "$json_result_file"
 
     echo "Wrote error report to $json_result_file"
 }
diff --git a/tests/data/missing_script/expected_results.json b/tests/data/missing_script/expected_results.json
index b126064..78d8909 100644
--- a/tests/data/missing_script/expected_results.json
+++ b/tests/data/missing_script/expected_results.json
@@ -1,12 +1,5 @@
 {
   "version": 2,
-  "status": "fail",
-  "tests": [
-    {
-      "name": "say hello",
-      "status": "fail",
-      "test_code": "run bash one_passing.sh\n[ \"$status\" -eq 0 ]\n[ \"$output\" == \"Hello, World!\" ]",
-      "message": "(in test file missing_script.bats, line 5)\n  `[ \"$status\" -eq 0 ]' failed\n"
-    }
-  ]
+  "status": "error",
+  "message": "1..1\nnot ok 1 say hello\n# (in test file missing_script.bats, line 5)\n#   `[ \"$status\" -eq 0 ]' failed\n\nThe following warnings were encountered during tests:\nBW01: `run`'s command `bash one_passing.sh` exited with code 127, indicating 'Command not found'. Use run's return code checks, e.g. `run -127`, to fix this message.\n      (from function `run' in file /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/Cellar/bats-core/1.11.0/lib/bats-core/test_functions.bash, line 426,\n       in test file missing_script.bats, line 4)"
 }
diff --git a/tests/tests.bats b/tests/tests.bats
index b3c656c..572ad7f 100644
--- a/tests/tests.bats
+++ b/tests/tests.bats
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ actual_matches_expected() {
     TEST_DIR="$DATA_DIR/$TEST"
     run "$RUN_SCRIPT" "$TEST" "$TEST_DIR" "$TEST_DIR"
 
-    [[ "$status" -eq 0 ]]
+    [[ "$status" -ne 0 ]]
     actual_matches_expected "$TEST_DIR/results.json" "$TEST_DIR/expected_results.json"
 }