diff --git a/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMFragmentRefs-test.js b/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMFragmentRefs-test.js
index 2ac6cb0a4b60..26de45076f35 100644
--- a/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMFragmentRefs-test.js
+++ b/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMFragmentRefs-test.js
@@ -1613,6 +1613,116 @@ describe('FragmentRefs', () => {
       );
     });
 
+    // @gate enableFragmentRefs
+    it('compares a root-level Fragment', async () => {
+      const fragmentRef = React.createRef();
+      const emptyFragmentRef = React.createRef();
+      const childRef = React.createRef();
+      const siblingPrecedingRef = React.createRef();
+      const siblingFollowingRef = React.createRef();
+      const root = ReactDOMClient.createRoot(container);
+
+      function Test() {
+        return (
+          <Fragment>
+            <div ref={siblingPrecedingRef} />
+            <Fragment ref={fragmentRef}>
+              <div ref={childRef} />
+            </Fragment>
+            <Fragment ref={emptyFragmentRef} />
+            <div ref={siblingFollowingRef} />
+          </Fragment>
+        );
+      }
+
+      await act(() => root.render(<Test />));
+
+      const fragmentInstance = fragmentRef.current;
+      if (fragmentInstance == null) {
+        throw new Error('Expected fragment instance to be non-null');
+      }
+      const emptyFragmentInstance = emptyFragmentRef.current;
+      if (emptyFragmentInstance == null) {
+        throw new Error('Expected empty fragment instance to be non-null');
+      }
+
+      expectPosition(
+        fragmentInstance.compareDocumentPosition(childRef.current),
+        {
+          preceding: false,
+          following: false,
+          contains: false,
+          containedBy: true,
+          disconnected: false,
+          implementationSpecific: false,
+        },
+      );
+
+      expectPosition(
+        fragmentInstance.compareDocumentPosition(siblingPrecedingRef.current),
+        {
+          preceding: true,
+          following: false,
+          contains: false,
+          containedBy: false,
+          disconnected: false,
+          implementationSpecific: false,
+        },
+      );
+
+      expectPosition(
+        fragmentInstance.compareDocumentPosition(siblingFollowingRef.current),
+        {
+          preceding: false,
+          following: true,
+          contains: false,
+          containedBy: false,
+          disconnected: false,
+          implementationSpecific: false,
+        },
+      );
+
+      expectPosition(
+        emptyFragmentInstance.compareDocumentPosition(childRef.current),
+        {
+          preceding: true,
+          following: false,
+          contains: false,
+          containedBy: false,
+          disconnected: false,
+          implementationSpecific: true,
+        },
+      );
+
+      expectPosition(
+        emptyFragmentInstance.compareDocumentPosition(
+          siblingPrecedingRef.current,
+        ),
+        {
+          preceding: true,
+          following: false,
+          contains: false,
+          containedBy: false,
+          disconnected: false,
+          implementationSpecific: true,
+        },
+      );
+
+      expectPosition(
+        emptyFragmentInstance.compareDocumentPosition(
+          siblingFollowingRef.current,
+        ),
+        {
+          preceding: false,
+          following: true,
+          contains: false,
+          containedBy: false,
+          disconnected: false,
+          implementationSpecific: true,
+        },
+      );
+    });
+
     describe('with portals', () => {
       // @gate enableFragmentRefs
       it('handles portaled elements', async () => {
diff --git a/packages/react-native-renderer/src/ReactFiberConfigFabric.js b/packages/react-native-renderer/src/ReactFiberConfigFabric.js
index 233c267a1d6a..19dd8af1b5ac 100644
--- a/packages/react-native-renderer/src/ReactFiberConfigFabric.js
+++ b/packages/react-native-renderer/src/ReactFiberConfigFabric.js
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import type {Fiber} from 'react-reconciler/src/ReactInternalTypes';
 import {HostText} from 'react-reconciler/src/ReactWorkTags';
 import {
   getFragmentParentHostFiber,
-  getInstanceFromHostFiber,
   traverseFragmentInstance,
 } from 'react-reconciler/src/ReactFiberTreeReflection';
 
@@ -303,6 +302,13 @@ export function getPublicInstance(instance: Instance): null | PublicInstance {
     return instance.canonical.publicInstance;
   }
 
+  // Handle root containers
+  if (instance.containerInfo != null) {
+    if (instance.containerInfo.publicInstance != null) {
+      return instance.containerInfo.publicInstance;
+    }
+  }
+
   // For compatibility with the legacy renderer, in case it's used with Fabric
   // in the same app.
   // $FlowExpectedError[prop-missing]
@@ -347,9 +353,8 @@ export function getPublicInstanceFromInternalInstanceHandle(
 }
 
 function getPublicInstanceFromHostFiber(fiber: Fiber): PublicInstance {
-  const instance = getInstanceFromHostFiber<Instance>(fiber);
-  const publicInstance = getPublicInstance(instance);
-  if (publicInstance == null) {
+  const publicInstance = getPublicInstance(fiber.stateNode);
+  if (publicInstance === null) {
     throw new Error('Expected to find a host node. This is a bug in React.');
   }
   return publicInstance;
@@ -691,11 +696,11 @@ FragmentInstance.prototype.compareDocumentPosition = function (
   if (parentHostFiber === null) {
     return Node.DOCUMENT_POSITION_DISCONNECTED;
   }
-  const parentHostInstance = getPublicInstanceFromHostFiber(parentHostFiber);
   const children: Array<Fiber> = [];
   traverseFragmentInstance(this._fragmentFiber, collectChildren, children);
   if (children.length === 0) {
-    return compareDocumentPositionForEmptyFragment(
+    const parentHostInstance = getPublicInstanceFromHostFiber(parentHostFiber);
+    return compareDocumentPositionForEmptyFragment<PublicInstance>(
       this._fragmentFiber,
       parentHostInstance,
       otherNode,