diff --git a/src/invocation/payload.rs b/src/invocation/payload.rs
index 6e92ae64..0c454991 100644
--- a/src/invocation/payload.rs
+++ b/src/invocation/payload.rs
@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
 use super::promise::Resolvable;
-use crate::ability::command::Command;
-use crate::ability::parse::ParseAbilityError;
-use crate::delegation::policy::selector;
-use crate::invocation::Named;
-use crate::time;
 use crate::{
-    ability::{arguments, command::ToCommand, parse::ParseAbility},
+    ability::{
+        arguments,
+        command::{Command, ToCommand},
+        parse::{ParseAbility, ParseAbilityError},
+    },
     capsule::Capsule,
     crypto::{varsig, Nonce},
     delegation::{
         self,
-        policy::{selector::SelectorError, Predicate},
+        policy::{selector, selector::SelectorError, Predicate},
     },
     did::{Did, Verifiable},
+    invocation::Named,
+    time,
     time::{Expired, Timestamp},
 };
 use derive_builder::Builder;
@@ -22,9 +23,11 @@ use serde::{
     ser::SerializeStruct,
     Deserialize, Serialize, Serializer,
 };
-use std::collections::BTreeSet;
-use std::str::FromStr;
-use std::{collections::BTreeMap, fmt};
+use std::{
+    collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet},
+    fmt,
+    str::FromStr,
+};
 use thiserror::Error;
 use web_time::SystemTime;
 
@@ -175,54 +178,54 @@ impl<A, DID: Did> Payload<A, DID> {
             cmd.push('/');
         }
 
-        let (final_iss, vias) = proofs.into_iter().try_fold(
-            (&self.issuer, BTreeSet::new()),
-            |(iss, mut vias), proof| {
-                if *iss != proof.audience {
-                    return Err(ValidationError::MisalignedIssAud.into());
-                }
+        let mut current_iss = &self.issuer;
+        let mut vias = BTreeSet::new();
+        for proof in proofs {
+            if *current_iss != proof.audience {
+                return Err(ValidationError::MisalignedIssAud.into());
+            }
 
-                if let Some(proof_subject) = &proof.subject {
-                    if self.subject != *proof_subject {
-                        return Err(ValidationError::InvalidSubject.into());
-                    }
+            if let Some(proof_subject) = &proof.subject {
+                if self.subject != *proof_subject {
+                    return Err(ValidationError::InvalidSubject.into());
                 }
+            }
 
-                if proof.expiration < now_ts {
-                    return Err(ValidationError::Expired.into());
-                }
+            if proof.expiration < now_ts {
+                return Err(ValidationError::Expired.into());
+            }
 
-                if let Some(nbf) = proof.not_before.clone() {
-                    if nbf > now_ts {
-                        return Err(ValidationError::NotYetValid.into());
-                    }
+            if let Some(nbf) = proof.not_before.clone() {
+                if nbf > now_ts {
+                    return Err(ValidationError::NotYetValid.into());
                 }
+            }
 
-                vias.remove(&iss);
-                if let Some(via_did) = &proof.via {
-                    vias.insert(via_did);
-                }
+            vias.remove(&current_iss);
+            if let Some(via_did) = &proof.via {
+                vias.insert(via_did);
+            }
 
-                if !cmd.starts_with(&proof.command) {
-                    return Err(ValidationError::CommandMismatch(proof.command.clone()));
-                }
+            if !cmd.starts_with(&proof.command) {
+                return Err(ValidationError::CommandMismatch(proof.command.clone()));
+            }
 
-                let ipld_args = Ipld::from(args.clone());
+            let ipld_args = Ipld::from(args.clone());
 
-                for predicate in proof.policy.iter() {
-                    if !predicate
-                        .clone()
-                        .run(&ipld_args)
-                        .map_err(ValidationError::SelectorError)?
-                    {
-                        return Err(ValidationError::FailedPolicy(predicate.clone()));
-                    }
+            for predicate in proof.policy.iter() {
+                if !predicate
+                    .clone()
+                    .run(&ipld_args)
+                    .map_err(ValidationError::SelectorError)?
+                {
+                    return Err(ValidationError::FailedPolicy(predicate.clone()));
                 }
+            }
 
-                Ok((&proof.issuer, vias))
-            },
-        )?;
+            current_iss = &proof.issuer;
+        }
 
+        let final_iss = current_iss;
         if self.subject != *final_iss {
             return Err(ValidationError::DidNotTerminateInSubject);
         }
@@ -731,8 +734,7 @@ where
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
-    use crate::ability::msg::Msg;
-    use crate::ipld;
+    use crate::{ability::msg::Msg, ipld};
     use assert_matches::assert_matches;
     use pretty_assertions as pretty;
     use proptest::prelude::*;