diff --git a/arb/add.c b/arb/add.c
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_add(arb_t c, const arb_t a, const arb_t b)
+{
+    fmpz e, f;
+
+    e = *arb_expref(a);
+    f = *arb_expref(b);
+
+    /* both exponents equal and small (e.g. small integer case) */
+    if (e == f)
+    {
+        /* add midpoints */
+        fmpz_add(arb_midref(c), arb_midref(a), arb_midref(b));
+
+        /* add errors */
+        if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(a)) && fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(b)))
+            fmpz_zero(arb_radref(c));
+        else
+            fmpz_add(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(a), arb_radref(b));
+
+        /* set exponent */
+        _fmpz_set_si_small(arb_expref(c), e);
+    }
+    /* both exponents are small */
+    else if (!COEFF_IS_MPZ(e) && !COEFF_IS_MPZ(f))
+    {
+        fmpz_t t;
+        fmpz_init(t);
+
+        /* TODO: be smart when one argument (or both) has rad = 0 */
+
+        if (e >= f)
+        {
+            fmpz_tdiv_q_2exp(t, arb_midref(b), e - f);
+            fmpz_add(arb_midref(c), arb_midref(a), t);
+
+            fmpz_cdiv_q_2exp(t, arb_radref(b), e - f);
+            fmpz_add(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(a), t);
+            fmpz_add_ui(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(c), 1UL);
+
+            _fmpz_set_si_small(arb_expref(c), e);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            fmpz_tdiv_q_2exp(t, arb_midref(a), f - e);
+            fmpz_add(arb_midref(c), arb_midref(b), t);
+
+            fmpz_cdiv_q_2exp(t, arb_radref(a), f - e);
+            fmpz_add(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(b), t);
+            fmpz_add_ui(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(c), 1UL);
+
+            _fmpz_set_si_small(arb_expref(c), f);
+        }
+
+        fmpz_clear(t);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* not implemented */
+        abort();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/arb/add_error_2exp.c b/arb/add_error_2exp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+/* todo: improve */
+void
+arb_add_error_2exp(arb_t x, long c)
+{
+    long e;
+
+    if (COEFF_IS_MPZ(*arb_expref(x)))
+    {
+        printf("arb_add_error_2exp: large exponent");
+        abort();
+    }
+
+    e = fmpz_get_si(arb_expref(x));
+
+    if (c < e)
+    {
+        fmpz_add_ui(arb_radref(x), arb_radref(x), 1);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        fmpz_t t;
+        fmpz_init_set_ui(t, 1);
+        fmpz_mul_2exp(t, t, c - e);
+        fmpz_add(arb_radref(x), arb_radref(x), t);
+        fmpz_clear(t);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/arb/addmul.c b/arb/addmul.c
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_addmul(arb_t c, const arb_t a, const arb_t b)
+{
+    if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_expref(c)) && fmpz_is_zero(arb_expref(a))
+        && fmpz_is_zero(arb_expref(b)))
+    {
+        /* multiply errors */
+        if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(a)))
+        {
+            if (!fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(b)))
+            {
+                /* (c+e) + a * (b+r) = c + a*b + (e+a*r) */
+                _fmpz_addmul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_midref(a), arb_radref(b));
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(b)))
+            {
+                /* (c+e) + (a+r) * b = c + a*b + (e+b*r) */
+                _fmpz_addmul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_midref(b), arb_radref(a));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* (a + r) * (b + s) = a*b + a*s + b*r + r*s */
+                if (c != a && c != b)
+                {
+                    /* no aliasing */
+                    _fmpz_addmul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(a), arb_radref(b));
+                    _fmpz_addmul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_midref(a), arb_radref(b));
+                    _fmpz_addmul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_midref(b), arb_radref(a));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    fmpz_t t;
+                    fmpz_init(t);
+                    fmpz_mul(t, arb_radref(a), arb_radref(b));
+                    _fmpz_addmul_abs(t, arb_midref(a), arb_radref(b));
+                    _fmpz_addmul_abs(t, arb_midref(b), arb_radref(a));
+                    fmpz_add(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(c), t);
+                    fmpz_clear(t);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* multiply midpoints */
+        fmpz_addmul(arb_midref(c), arb_midref(a), arb_midref(b));
+
+        _arb_normalise(c);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        arb_t t;
+        arb_init(t, arb_prec(c));
+        arb_mul(t, a, b);
+        arb_add(c, c, t);
+        arb_clear(t);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/arb/clear.c b/arb/clear.c
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_clear(arb_t x)
+{
+    fmpz_clear(&x->mid);
+    fmpz_clear(&x->exp);
+    fmpz_clear(&x->rad);
+}
diff --git a/arb/const_euler_brent_mcmillan.c b/arb/const_euler_brent_mcmillan.c
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    arb_t P;
+    arb_t Q;
+    arb_t T;
+    arb_t C;
+    arb_t D;
+    arb_t V;
+} euler_bsplit_struct;
+
+typedef euler_bsplit_struct euler_bsplit_t[1];
+
+static void euler_bsplit_init(euler_bsplit_t s, long wp)
+{
+    arb_init(s->P, wp);
+    arb_init(s->Q, wp);
+    arb_init(s->T, wp);
+    arb_init(s->C, wp);
+    arb_init(s->D, wp);
+    arb_init(s->V, wp);
+}
+
+static void euler_bsplit_clear(euler_bsplit_t s)
+{
+    arb_clear(s->P);
+    arb_clear(s->Q);
+    arb_clear(s->T);
+    arb_clear(s->C);
+    arb_clear(s->D);
+    arb_clear(s->V);
+}
+
+static void
+euler_bsplit_1_merge(euler_bsplit_t s, euler_bsplit_t L, euler_bsplit_t R,
+                    long wp, int cont)
+{
+    arb_t t, u, v;
+
+    arb_init(t, wp);
+    arb_init(u, wp);
+    arb_init(v, wp);
+
+    if (cont)
+        arb_mul(s->P, L->P, R->P);
+
+    arb_mul(s->Q, L->Q, R->Q);
+    arb_mul(s->D, L->D, R->D);
+
+    /* T = LP RT + RQ LT*/
+    arb_mul(t, L->P, R->T);
+    arb_mul(v, R->Q, L->T);
+    arb_add(s->T, t, v);
+
+    /* C = LC RD + RC LD */
+    if (cont)
+    {
+        arb_mul(s->C, L->C, R->D);
+        arb_addmul(s->C, R->C, L->D);
+    }
+
+    /* V = RD (RQ LV + LC LP RT) + LD LP RV */
+    arb_mul(u, L->P, R->V);
+    arb_mul(u, u, L->D);
+    arb_mul(v, R->Q, L->V);
+    arb_addmul(v, t, L->C);
+    arb_mul(v, v, R->D);
+    arb_add(s->V, u, v);
+
+    arb_clear(t);
+    arb_clear(u);
+    arb_clear(v);
+}
+
+void
+euler_bsplit_1(euler_bsplit_t s, long n1, long n2, long N, long wp, int cont)
+{
+    if (n2 - n1 == 1)
+    {
+        arb_set_si(s->P, N);        /* p = N^2  todo: shift optimization */
+        arb_mul(s->P, s->P, s->P);
+        arb_set_si(s->Q, n1 + 1);   /* q = (k + 1)^2 */
+        arb_mul(s->Q, s->Q, s->Q);
+        arb_set_si(s->C, 1);
+        arb_set_si(s->D, n1 + 1);
+        arb_set(s->T, s->P);
+        arb_set(s->V, s->P);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        euler_bsplit_t L, R;
+        long m = (n1 + n2) / 2;
+
+        euler_bsplit_init(L, wp);
+        euler_bsplit_init(R, wp);
+        euler_bsplit_1(L, n1, m, N, wp, 1);
+        euler_bsplit_1(R, m, n2, N, wp, 1);
+        euler_bsplit_1_merge(s, L, R, wp, cont);
+        euler_bsplit_clear(L);
+        euler_bsplit_clear(R);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+euler_bsplit_2(arb_t P, arb_t Q, arb_t T, long n1, long n2,
+                        long N, long wp, int cont)
+{
+    if (n2 - n1 == 1)
+    {
+        if (n1 == 0)
+        {
+            arb_set_si(P, 1);
+            arb_set_si(Q, 4 * N);
+            arb_set_si(T, 1);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            arb_zero(P);
+            fmpz_set_si(arb_midref(P), 1 - 2*n1);
+            fmpz_pow_ui(arb_midref(P), arb_midref(P), 3);
+            fmpz_neg(arb_midref(P), arb_midref(P));
+            arb_zero(Q);
+            fmpz_set_si(arb_midref(Q), 32 * n1);
+            fmpz_mul_ui(arb_midref(Q), arb_midref(Q), N);
+            fmpz_mul_ui(arb_midref(Q), arb_midref(Q), N);
+        }
+
+        arb_set(T, P);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        arb_t P2, Q2, T2;
+        long m = (n1 + n2) / 2;
+
+        arb_init(P2, wp);
+        arb_init(Q2, wp);
+        arb_init(T2, wp);
+
+        euler_bsplit_2(P,  Q,  T,  n1, m, N, wp, 1);
+        euler_bsplit_2(P2, Q2, T2, m, n2, N, wp, 1);
+
+        arb_mul(T, T, Q2);
+        arb_mul(T2, T2, P);
+        arb_add(T, T, T2);
+
+        if (cont)
+            arb_mul(P, P, P2);
+
+        arb_mul(Q, Q, Q2);
+
+        arb_clear(P2);
+        arb_clear(Q2);
+        arb_clear(T2);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+arb_const_euler_brent_mcmillan(arb_t res)
+{
+    euler_bsplit_t sum;
+    arb_t t, u, v, P2, T2, Q2;
+    long bits, wp, n, nterms1, nterms2;
+
+    bits = arb_prec(res) + 20;
+    n = 0.08665 * bits + 1;
+
+    nterms1 = 4.9706258 * n + 1;
+    nterms2 = 2 * n + 1;
+    wp = bits + FLINT_BIT_COUNT(n);
+
+    euler_bsplit_init(sum, wp);
+    arb_init(P2, wp);
+    arb_init(T2, wp);
+    arb_init(Q2, wp);
+    arb_init(t, wp);
+    arb_init(u, wp);
+    arb_init(v, wp);
+
+    /* Compute S0 = V / (Q * D), I0 = 1 + T / Q */
+    euler_bsplit_1(sum, 0, nterms1, n, wp, 0);
+
+    /* Compute K0 = T2 / Q2 */
+    euler_bsplit_2(P2, Q2, T2, 0, nterms2, n, wp, 0);
+
+    /* Compute (S0/I0 + K0/I0^2) = (Q2*(Q+T)*V - D*Q^2*T2)/(D*Q2*(Q+T)^2) */
+    arb_add(v, sum->Q, sum->T);
+    arb_mul(t, v, Q2);
+    arb_mul(u, sum->Q, sum->Q);
+    arb_mul(u, u, T2);
+    arb_mul(u, u, sum->D);
+    arb_mul(sum->V, t, sum->V);
+    arb_sub(sum->V, sum->V, u);
+    arb_mul(u, sum->D, t);
+    arb_mul(u, u, v);
+    arb_div(t, sum->V, u);
+
+    /* subtract log(n) */
+    arb_log_ui(u, n);
+    arb_sub(res, t, u);
+
+    /* TODO: add error term */
+
+    arb_clear(P2);
+    arb_clear(T2);
+    arb_clear(Q2);
+    arb_clear(t);
+    arb_clear(u);
+    arb_clear(v);
+
+    euler_bsplit_clear(sum);
+}
diff --git a/arb/const_pi_chudnovsky.c b/arb/const_pi_chudnovsky.c
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+#define CONST_A 13591409UL
+#define CONST_B 545140134UL
+#define CONST_C 640320UL
+#define CONST_D 12UL
+#define BITS_PER_TERM 47.1104131382158  /* log2(640320^3 / (2^6 * 3^3)) */
+
+void
+chudnovsky_bsplit(arb_t G, arb_t P, arb_t Q, long a, long b, long wp, int cont)
+{
+    if (b - a == 1)
+    {
+        /* g = (6*b-5)*(2*b-1)*(6*b-1) */
+        arb_set_si(G, 6*b - 5);
+        fmpz_mul_si(arb_midref(G), arb_midref(G), 2*b-1);
+        fmpz_mul_si(arb_midref(G), arb_midref(G), 6*b-1);
+
+        /* p = C^3 * b^3 / 24 */
+        arb_set_si(P, CONST_C * CONST_C * CONST_C / 24);  /* xxx: fix for 32-bit */
+        fmpz_mul_ui(arb_midref(P), arb_midref(P), b);
+        fmpz_mul2_uiui(arb_midref(P), arb_midref(P), b, b);
+
+        /* (-1)^b * g * (A + B*b) */
+        arb_set_si(Q, CONST_A);
+        fmpz_addmul_ui(arb_midref(Q), (fmpz *) &b, CONST_B);
+        arb_mul(Q, Q, G);
+        if (b % 2)
+            fmpz_neg(arb_midref(Q), arb_midref(Q));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        long m;
+        arb_t G2, P2, Q2;
+
+        m = (a + b) / 2;
+
+        arb_init(G2, wp);
+        arb_init(P2, wp);
+        arb_init(Q2, wp);
+
+        chudnovsky_bsplit(G, P, Q, a, m, wp, 1);
+        chudnovsky_bsplit(G2, P2, Q2, m, b, wp, 1);
+
+        arb_mul(Q, Q, P2);
+        arb_addmul(Q, Q2, G);
+
+        arb_mul(P, P, P2);
+
+        if (cont)
+            arb_mul(G, G, G2);
+
+        arb_clear(G2);
+        arb_clear(P2);
+        arb_clear(Q2);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+arb_const_pi_chudnovsky(arb_t x)
+{
+    long prec, wp, N;
+    arb_t G, P, Q;
+
+    prec = arb_prec(x);
+    wp = prec + 32;
+
+    N = wp / BITS_PER_TERM + 1;
+
+    arb_init(G, wp);
+    arb_init(P, wp);
+    arb_init(Q, wp);
+
+    chudnovsky_bsplit(G, P, Q, 0, N, wp, 0);
+
+    arb_sqrt_ui(G, CONST_C);
+    arb_mul_si(G, G, CONST_C);
+    arb_mul(G, G, P);
+    arb_mul_si(P, P, CONST_A);
+    arb_add(Q, Q, P);
+    arb_mul_si(Q, Q, CONST_D);
+    arb_div(x, G, Q);
+
+    /* TODO: add error term */
+
+    arb_clear(G);
+    arb_clear(P);
+    arb_clear(Q);
+}
diff --git a/arb/const_zeta3_bplit.c b/arb/const_zeta3_bplit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+static void
+zeta3_bsplit(arb_t P, arb_t Q, arb_t T, long a, long b, long wp, int cont)
+{
+    if (b - a == 1)
+    {
+        arb_set_si(P, a ? a : 1);
+        fmpz_pow_ui(arb_midref(P), arb_midref(P), 5);
+
+        arb_set_si(Q, 2*a + 1);
+        fmpz_pow_ui(arb_midref(Q), arb_midref(Q), 5);
+        fmpz_mul_ui(arb_midref(Q), arb_midref(Q), a ? 32 : 64);
+
+        arb_set_si(T, 205*a*a + 250*a + 77);     /* xxx: overflow */
+        if (a % 2)
+            fmpz_neg(arb_midref(T), arb_midref(T));
+        arb_mul(T, T, P);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        long m;
+        arb_t P2, Q2, T2;
+
+        m = (a + b) / 2;
+
+        arb_init(P2, wp);
+        arb_init(Q2, wp);
+        arb_init(T2, wp);
+
+        zeta3_bsplit(P, Q, T, a, m, wp, 1);
+        zeta3_bsplit(P2, Q2, T2, m, b, wp, 1);
+
+        arb_mul(T, T, Q2);
+        arb_addmul(T, P, T2);
+        arb_mul(Q, Q, Q2);
+        if (cont)
+            arb_mul(P, P, P2);
+
+        arb_clear(P2);
+        arb_clear(Q2);
+        arb_clear(T2);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+arb_const_zeta3_bsplit(arb_t x)
+{
+    long prec, wp, N;
+    arb_t P, Q, T;
+
+    prec = arb_prec(x);
+    wp = prec + 10 + FLINT_BIT_COUNT(prec);
+    N = prec / 10 + 2;
+
+    arb_init(P, wp);
+    arb_init(Q, wp);
+    arb_init(T, wp);
+
+    zeta3_bsplit(P, Q, T, 0, N, wp, 0);
+    arb_div(x, T, Q);
+
+    arb_add_error_2exp(x, -10 * (N - 1));
+
+    arb_clear(P);
+    arb_clear(Q);
+    arb_clear(T);
+}
diff --git a/arb/contains_fmpq.c b/arb/contains_fmpq.c
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+int
+arb_contains_fmpq(const arb_t x, const fmpq_t q)
+{
+    fmpz_t a, b;
+    long exp = *arb_expref(x);
+    int result;
+
+    /* fixme */
+    if (COEFF_IS_MPZ(exp))
+    {
+        printf("error: arb_contains_fmpq: too large exponent\n");
+        abort();
+    }
+
+    fmpz_init(a);
+    fmpz_init(b);
+
+    /* compare with left endpoint */
+    fmpz_sub(a, arb_midref(x), arb_radref(x));
+    fmpz_mul(a, a, fmpq_denref(q));
+    if (exp >= 0)
+    {
+        fmpz_mul_2exp(a, a, exp);
+        fmpz_set(b, fmpq_numref(q));
+    }
+    else
+        fmpz_mul_2exp(b, fmpq_numref(q), -exp);
+
+    result = (fmpz_cmp(a, b) <= 0);
+
+    /* compare with right endpoint */
+    if (result != 0)
+    {
+        fmpz_add(a, arb_midref(x), arb_radref(x));
+        fmpz_mul(a, a, fmpq_denref(q));
+        if (exp >= 0)
+            fmpz_mul_2exp(a, a, exp);
+        result = (fmpz_cmp(a, b) >= 0);
+    }
+
+    fmpz_clear(a);
+    fmpz_clear(b);
+
+    return result;
+}
diff --git a/arb/contains_fmpz.c b/arb/contains_fmpz.c
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+int
+arb_contains_fmpz(const arb_t x, const fmpz_t z)
+{
+    fmpz_t a, b;
+    long exp = *arb_expref(x);
+    int result;
+
+    /* fixme */
+    if (COEFF_IS_MPZ(exp))
+    {
+        printf("error: arb_contains_fmpz: too large exponent\n");
+        abort();
+    }
+
+    fmpz_init(a);
+    fmpz_init(b);
+
+    /* compare with left endpoint */
+    fmpz_sub(a, arb_midref(x), arb_radref(x));
+    if (exp >= 0)
+    {
+        fmpz_mul_2exp(a, a, exp);
+        fmpz_set(b, z);
+    }
+    else
+        fmpz_mul_2exp(b, z, -exp);
+
+    result = (fmpz_cmp(a, b) <= 0);
+
+    /* compare with right endpoint */
+    if (result != 0)
+    {
+        fmpz_add(a, arb_midref(x), arb_radref(x));
+        if (exp >= 0)
+            fmpz_mul_2exp(a, a, exp);
+        result = (fmpz_cmp(a, b) >= 0);
+    }
+
+    fmpz_clear(a);
+    fmpz_clear(b);
+
+    return result;
+}
diff --git a/arb/contains_mpfr.c b/arb/contains_mpfr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+int
+arb_contains_mpfr(const arb_t x, const mpfr_t z)
+{
+    fmpz_t a;
+    mpfr_t t;
+    long exp = *arb_expref(x);
+    int result;
+
+    /* fixme */
+    if (COEFF_IS_MPZ(exp))
+    {
+        printf("error: arb_contains_mpfr: too large exponent\n");
+        abort();
+    }
+
+    fmpz_init(a);
+
+    /* compare with left endpoint */
+    fmpz_sub(a, arb_midref(x), arb_radref(x));
+
+    mpfr_init2(t, 2 + fmpz_bits(a));
+    _arb_get_mpfr(t, a, arb_expref(x), MPFR_RNDN);  /* exact */
+
+    result = (mpfr_cmp(t, z) <= 0);
+
+    /* compare with right endpoint */
+    if (result != 0)
+    {
+        fmpz_add(a, arb_midref(x), arb_radref(x));
+        mpfr_set_prec(t, 2 + fmpz_bits(a));
+        _arb_get_mpfr(t, a, arb_expref(x), MPFR_RNDN);  /* exact */
+        result = (mpfr_cmp(t, z) >= 0);
+    }
+
+    fmpz_clear(a);
+    mpfr_clear(t);
+    return result;
+}
diff --git a/arb/contains_ui.c b/arb/contains_ui.c
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+int
+arb_contains_ui(const arb_t x, ulong z)
+{
+    fmpz_t t;
+    int result;
+
+    fmpz_init_set_ui(t, z);
+    result = arb_contains_fmpz(x, t);
+    fmpz_clear(t);
+    return result;
+}
diff --git a/arb/contains_zero.c b/arb/contains_zero.c
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+int
+arb_contains_zero(const arb_t x)
+{
+    return fmpz_cmpabs(arb_radref(x), arb_midref(x)) >= 0;
+}
diff --git a/arb/debug.c b/arb/debug.c
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_debug(const arb_t x)
+{
+    printf("arb(mid=");
+    fmpz_print(arb_midref(x));
+    printf(", rad=");
+    fmpz_print(arb_radref(x));
+    printf(", exp=");
+    fmpz_print(arb_expref(x));
+    printf(", prec=");
+    printf("%ld", arb_prec(x));
+    printf(")");
+}
diff --git a/arb/div.c b/arb/div.c
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_div(arb_t c, const arb_t a, const arb_t b)
+{
+    fmpz_t t, u, v;
+    long abits, bbits, sshift, shift;
+
+    if (arb_contains_zero(b))
+    {
+        printf("arb_div: division by zero\n");
+        abort();
+    }
+
+    if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(b)))
+    {
+        if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(a)))
+        {
+            fmpz_init(t);
+            fmpz_sub(t, arb_expref(a), arb_expref(b));
+            _arb_set_fmpq(c, arb_midref(a), arb_midref(b));
+            fmpz_add(arb_expref(c), arb_expref(c), t);
+            fmpz_clear(t);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        /* TODO: (a + r) / b = a / b + r / b */
+    }
+
+    fmpz_init(t);
+    fmpz_init(u);
+    fmpz_init(v);
+
+    abits = fmpz_bits(arb_midref(a));
+    bbits = fmpz_bits(arb_midref(b));
+    sshift = arb_prec(c) - (abits - bbits);
+    shift = FLINT_MAX(0, sshift);
+
+    /* a/b - (a+r)/(b-s) = r/(s-b) + a*s/(b*(s-b)) */
+
+    /* t = minimize |s-b| */
+    if (fmpz_sgn(arb_midref(b)) >= 0)
+    {
+        fmpz_sub(t, arb_midref(b), arb_radref(b));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        fmpz_add(t, arb_midref(b), arb_radref(b));
+        fmpz_neg(t, t);
+    }
+
+    /* first terror term: r/|s-b| */
+    fmpz_mul_2exp(u, arb_radref(a), shift);
+    fmpz_cdiv_q(u, u, t);
+
+    /* second error term (likely small): a*s/(b*(s-b)) */
+    fmpz_mul_2exp(v, arb_midref(a), shift);
+    fmpz_mul(v, v, arb_radref(b));
+    fmpz_abs(v, v);
+    fmpz_cdiv_q_2exp(v, v, bbits - 1);         /* fast approximate division */
+    fmpz_cdiv_q_2exp(v, v, fmpz_bits(t) - 1);  /* fast approximate division */
+
+    /* add error terms */
+    fmpz_add(arb_radref(c), u, v);
+
+    /* compute quotient; TODO: normalise afterwards if sshift < 0 */
+    fmpz_mul_2exp(v, arb_midref(a), shift);
+    fmpz_tdiv_q(arb_midref(c), v, arb_midref(b));
+
+    /* error from main division */
+    fmpz_add_ui(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(c), 1UL);
+
+    /* subtract exponents */
+    fmpz_sub(arb_expref(c), arb_expref(a), arb_expref(b));
+    fmpz_sub_ui(arb_expref(c), arb_expref(c), shift);
+
+    fmpz_clear(t);
+    fmpz_clear(u);
+    fmpz_clear(v);
+}
diff --git a/arb/fmpz_extras.c b/arb/fmpz_extras.c
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+_fmpz_addmul_abs_ui(fmpz_t f, const fmpz_t g, ulong x)
+{
+    fmpz c1 = *g;
+
+    /* c1 is small */
+    if (!COEFF_IS_MPZ(c1))
+    {
+        mp_limb_t prod[2];
+        ulong uc1 = FLINT_ABS(c1);
+
+        /* compute product */
+        umul_ppmm(prod[1], prod[0], uc1, x);
+
+        /* product fits in one limb */
+        if (prod[1] == 0)
+        {
+            fmpz_add_ui(f, f, prod[0]);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            __mpz_struct * mpz_ptr = _fmpz_promote_val(f);
+            mpz_t temp;  /* set up a temporary, cheap mpz_t to contain prod */
+            temp->_mp_d = prod;
+            temp->_mp_size = 2;
+            mpz_add(mpz_ptr, mpz_ptr, temp);
+        }
+    }
+    else  /* c1 is large */
+    {
+        __mpz_struct * cptr = COEFF_TO_PTR(c1);
+        __mpz_struct * mpz_ptr = _fmpz_promote_val(f);
+        if (mpz_sgn(cptr) == -1)
+            mpz_submul_ui(mpz_ptr, cptr, x);
+        else
+            mpz_addmul_ui(mpz_ptr, cptr, x);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+_fmpz_addmul_abs(fmpz_t f, const fmpz_t g, const fmpz_t h)
+{
+    fmpz c1, c2;
+    __mpz_struct * mpz_ptr, *p1, *p2;
+
+    c1 = *g;
+    if (!COEFF_IS_MPZ(c1))  /* g is small */
+    {
+        _fmpz_addmul_abs_ui(f, h, FLINT_ABS(c1));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    c2 = *h;
+    if (!COEFF_IS_MPZ(c2))  /* h is small */
+    {
+        _fmpz_addmul_abs_ui(f, g, FLINT_ABS(c2));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* both g and h are large */
+    mpz_ptr = _fmpz_promote_val(f);
+
+    p1 = COEFF_TO_PTR(c1);
+    p2 = COEFF_TO_PTR(c2);
+
+    if (mpz_sgn(p1) != mpz_sgn(p2))
+        mpz_submul(mpz_ptr, p1, p2);
+    else
+        mpz_addmul(mpz_ptr, p1, p2);
+}
diff --git a/arb/get_mpfr.c b/arb/get_mpfr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+static __inline__ void
+mpfr_set_fmpz(mpfr_t c, const fmpz_t b, mpfr_rnd_t rnd)
+{
+    if (COEFF_IS_MPZ(*b))
+        mpfr_set_z(c, COEFF_TO_PTR(*b), rnd);
+    else
+        mpfr_set_si(c, *b, rnd);
+}
+
+void
+_arb_get_mpfr(mpfr_t f, const fmpz_t mid, const fmpz_t exp, mpfr_rnd_t rnd)
+{
+    long e;
+
+    if (COEFF_IS_MPZ(*exp))
+    {
+        printf("arb_get_mpfr: large exponent\n");
+        abort();
+    }
+
+    e = fmpz_get_si(exp);
+
+    mpfr_set_fmpz(f, mid, rnd);
+
+    if (e >= 0)
+        mpfr_mul_2exp(f, f, e, rnd);
+    else
+        mpfr_div_2exp(f, f, -e, rnd);
+}
+
+void
+arb_get_mpfr(mpfr_t f, const arb_t x, mpfr_rnd_t rnd)
+{
+    _arb_get_mpfr(f, arb_midref(x), arb_expref(x), rnd);
+}
diff --git a/arb/get_rand_fmpq.c b/arb/get_rand_fmpq.c
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_get_rand_fmpq(fmpq_t q, flint_rand_t state, const arb_t x)
+{
+    fmpz_t a, b;
+    long exp = *arb_expref(x);
+
+    if (COEFF_IS_MPZ(exp))
+    {
+        printf("error: arb_get_rand_fmpq: too large exponent\n");
+        abort();
+    }
+
+    /* there is only one rational */
+    if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(x)))
+    {
+        fmpz_set(fmpq_numref(q), arb_midref(x));
+        fmpz_set_ui(fmpq_denref(q), 1UL);
+        if (exp >= 0)
+            fmpz_mul_2exp(fmpq_numref(q), fmpq_numref(q), exp);
+        else
+            fmpz_mul_2exp(fmpq_denref(q), fmpq_denref(q), -exp);
+        fmpq_canonicalise(q);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    fmpz_init(a);
+    fmpz_init(b);
+
+    fmpz_sub(a, arb_midref(x), arb_radref(x));
+    fmpz_add(b, arb_midref(x), arb_radref(x));
+
+    /* pick a denominator */
+    fmpz_randbits(fmpq_denref(q), state, 1 + n_randint(state, arb_prec(x)));
+    fmpz_abs(fmpq_denref(q), fmpq_denref(q));
+    if (fmpz_is_zero(fmpq_denref(q)))
+        fmpz_set_ui(fmpq_denref(q), 1UL);
+
+    if (exp >= 0)
+    {
+        fmpz_mul_2exp(a, a, exp);
+        fmpz_mul_2exp(b, b, exp);
+    }
+
+    /* generate random integer in [a*den, b*den] */
+    fmpz_mul(a, a, fmpq_denref(q));
+    fmpz_mul(b, b, fmpq_denref(q));
+    fmpz_add_ui(b, b, 1UL);
+    fmpz_sub(b, b, a);
+    fmpz_randtest_mod(fmpq_numref(q), state, b);
+    fmpz_add(fmpq_numref(q), fmpq_numref(q), a);
+
+    if (exp < 0)
+        fmpz_mul_2exp(fmpq_denref(q), fmpq_denref(q), -exp);
+
+    fmpq_canonicalise(q);
+
+    fmpz_clear(a);
+    fmpz_clear(b);
+}
diff --git a/arb/init.c b/arb/init.c
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_init(arb_t x, long prec)
+{
+    fmpz_init(&x->mid);
+    fmpz_init(&x->exp);
+    x->rad = 0;
+    x->prec = prec;
+}
diff --git a/arb/log_ui.c b/arb/log_ui.c
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_log_ui(arb_t x, ulong n)
+{
+    mpfr_t y;
+    mpz_t z;
+    long exp;
+
+    if (n == 0)
+    {
+        printf("arb_log_ui: log(0)\n");
+        abort();
+    }
+
+    if (n == 1)
+    {
+        arb_zero(x);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* power of two */
+    if (n > 2 && (n & (n-1UL)) == 0UL)
+    {
+        arb_log_ui(x, 2);
+        arb_mul_si(x, x, FLINT_BIT_COUNT(n) - 1);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    mpfr_init2(y, FLINT_MAX(arb_prec(x), FLINT_BITS));
+
+    if (n == 2)
+    {
+        mpfr_const_log2(y, MPFR_RNDN);
+        fmpz_set_ui(arb_radref(x), 1UL);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        mpfr_set_ui(y, n, MPFR_RNDN);  /* exact */
+        mpfr_log(y, y, MPFR_RNDN);
+        fmpz_set_ui(arb_radref(x), 1UL);
+    }
+
+    mpz_init(z);
+    exp = mpfr_get_z_2exp(z, y);
+    fmpz_set_mpz(arb_midref(x), z);
+    fmpz_set_si(arb_expref(x), exp);
+    mpz_clear(z);
+    mpfr_clear(y);
+}
diff --git a/arb/mul.c b/arb/mul.c
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_mul(arb_t c, const arb_t a, const arb_t b)
+{
+    /* multiply errors */
+    if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(a)))
+    {
+        if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(b)))
+        {
+            fmpz_zero(arb_radref(c));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* a * (b + r) = a*b + a*r */
+            _fmpz_mul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_midref(a), arb_radref(b));
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(b)))
+        {
+            /* (a + r) * b = a*b + b*r */
+            _fmpz_mul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_midref(b), arb_radref(a));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* (a + r) * (b + s) = a*b + a*s + b*r + r*s */
+            if (c != a && c != b)
+            {
+                /* no aliasing */
+                fmpz_mul(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(a), arb_radref(b));
+                _fmpz_addmul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_midref(a), arb_radref(b));
+                _fmpz_addmul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_midref(b), arb_radref(a));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* aliasing */
+                fmpz_t t;
+                fmpz_init(t);
+                fmpz_mul(t, arb_radref(a), arb_radref(b));
+                _fmpz_addmul_abs(t, arb_midref(a), arb_radref(b));
+                _fmpz_addmul_abs(t, arb_midref(b), arb_radref(a));
+                fmpz_swap(arb_radref(c), t);
+                fmpz_clear(t);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fmpz_mul(arb_midref(c), arb_midref(a), arb_midref(b));
+
+    /* common case (both integers) */
+    if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_expref(a)) && fmpz_is_zero(arb_expref(b)))
+        fmpz_zero(arb_expref(c));
+    else
+        fmpz_add(arb_expref(c), arb_expref(a), arb_expref(b));
+
+    _arb_normalise(c);
+}
diff --git a/arb/mul_si.c b/arb/mul_si.c
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+/* todo: reduce? */
+void
+arb_mul_si(arb_t y, const arb_t x, long c)
+{
+    fmpz_mul_si(arb_midref(y), arb_midref(x), c);
+    fmpz_mul_si(arb_radref(y), arb_radref(x), c);
+    fmpz_set(arb_expref(y), arb_expref(x));
+}
diff --git a/arb/randtest.c b/arb/randtest.c
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_randtest(arb_t x, flint_rand_t state, long exp_bits)
+{
+    fmpz_randtest(arb_midref(x), state, arb_prec(x));
+
+    if (n_randint(state, 4) == 0)
+        fmpz_zero(arb_radref(x));
+    else
+    {
+        fmpz_randtest(arb_radref(x), state, arb_prec(x));
+        fmpz_abs(arb_radref(x), arb_radref(x));
+    }
+
+    if (n_randint(state, 4) == 0)
+        fmpz_zero(arb_expref(x));
+    else
+        fmpz_randtest(arb_expref(x), state, exp_bits);
+}
diff --git a/arb/set.c b/arb/set.c
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+/* todo: reduce */
+void
+arb_set(arb_t dst, const arb_t src)
+{
+    fmpz_set(arb_midref(dst), arb_midref(src));
+    fmpz_set(arb_radref(dst), arb_radref(src));
+    fmpz_set(arb_expref(dst), arb_expref(src));
+}
diff --git a/arb/set_fmpq.c b/arb/set_fmpq.c
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+_arb_set_fmpq(arb_t x, const fmpz_t p, const fmpz_t q)
+{
+    long pbits, qbits, shift;
+
+    if (fmpz_is_one(q))
+    {
+        arb_set_fmpz(x, p);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    pbits = fmpz_bits(p);
+    qbits = fmpz_bits(q);
+    shift = arb_prec(x) - (pbits - qbits);
+
+    if (shift > 0)
+    {
+        fmpz_t t;
+        fmpz_init(t);
+        fmpz_mul_2exp(t, p, shift);
+        fmpz_tdiv_q(arb_midref(x), t, q);
+        fmpz_clear(t);
+        fmpz_one(arb_radref(x));
+        fmpz_set_si(arb_expref(x), -shift);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        fmpz_tdiv_q(arb_midref(x), p, q);
+        fmpz_zero(arb_expref(x));
+        fmpz_one(arb_radref(x));
+        _arb_normalise(x);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+arb_set_fmpq(arb_t x, const fmpq_t c)
+{
+    _arb_set_fmpq(x, fmpq_numref(c), fmpq_denref(c));
+}
diff --git a/arb/set_fmpz.c b/arb/set_fmpz.c
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_set_fmpz(arb_t x, const fmpz_t c)
+{
+    /* todo: reduce */
+    fmpz_set(arb_midref(x), c);
+    fmpz_zero(arb_expref(x));
+    fmpz_zero(arb_radref(x));
+}
diff --git a/arb/set_si.c b/arb/set_si.c
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_set_si(arb_t x, long c)
+{
+    fmpz_set_si(arb_midref(x), c);
+    fmpz_zero(arb_expref(x));
+    fmpz_zero(arb_radref(x));
+}
diff --git a/arb/set_ui.c b/arb/set_ui.c
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_set_ui(arb_t x, ulong c)
+{
+    fmpz_set_ui(arb_midref(x), c);
+    fmpz_zero(arb_expref(x));
+    fmpz_zero(arb_radref(x));
+}
diff --git a/arb/sqrt_fmpz.c b/arb/sqrt_fmpz.c
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_sqrt_fmpz(arb_t x, const fmpz_t n)
+{
+    long size, prec;
+
+    if (fmpz_sgn(n) < 0)
+    {
+        printf("arb_sqrt_fmpz: negative input\n");
+        abort();
+    }
+
+    if (fmpz_is_zero(n) || fmpz_is_one(n))
+    {
+        arb_set_fmpz(x, n);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    prec = arb_prec(x);
+    size = fmpz_bits(n);
+
+    /* todo: shift down */
+    if (size >= 2 * prec)
+    {
+        fmpz_sqrt(arb_midref(x), n);
+        fmpz_zero(arb_expref(x));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        long shift;
+
+        shift = 2 * prec - size;
+        shift += (shift & 1);
+
+        fmpz_mul_2exp(arb_midref(x), n, shift);
+        fmpz_sqrt(arb_midref(x), arb_midref(x));
+        fmpz_set_si(arb_expref(x), -shift / 2);
+    }
+
+    fmpz_one(arb_radref(x));
+}
diff --git a/arb/sqrt_ui.c b/arb/sqrt_ui.c
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_sqrt_ui(arb_t x, ulong n)
+{
+   fmpz_t t;
+   fmpz_init_set_ui(t, n);
+   arb_sqrt_fmpz(x, t);
+   fmpz_clear(t);
+}
diff --git a/arb/sub.c b/arb/sub.c
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_sub(arb_t c, const arb_t a, const arb_t b)
+{
+    fmpz e, f;
+
+    e = *arb_expref(a);
+    f = *arb_expref(b);
+
+    /* both exponents equal and small (e.g. small integer case) */
+    if (e == f)
+    {
+        /* subtract midpoints */
+        fmpz_sub(arb_midref(c), arb_midref(a), arb_midref(b));
+
+        /* add errors */
+        if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(a)) && fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(b)))
+            fmpz_zero(arb_radref(c));
+        else
+            fmpz_add(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(a), arb_radref(b));
+
+        /* set exponent */
+        _fmpz_set_si_small(arb_expref(c), e);
+    }
+    /* both exponents are small */
+    else if (!COEFF_IS_MPZ(e) && !COEFF_IS_MPZ(f))
+    {
+        fmpz_t t;
+        fmpz_init(t);
+
+        /* TODO: be smart when one argument (or both) has rad = 0 */
+
+        if (e >= f)
+        {
+            fmpz_tdiv_q_2exp(t, arb_midref(b), e - f);
+            fmpz_sub(arb_midref(c), arb_midref(a), t);
+
+            fmpz_cdiv_q_2exp(t, arb_radref(b), e - f);
+            fmpz_add(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(a), t);
+            fmpz_add_ui(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(c), 1UL);
+
+            _fmpz_set_si_small(arb_expref(c), e);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            fmpz_tdiv_q_2exp(t, arb_midref(a), f - e);
+            fmpz_sub(arb_midref(c), t, arb_midref(b));
+
+            fmpz_cdiv_q_2exp(t, arb_radref(a), f - e);
+            fmpz_add(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(b), t);
+            fmpz_add_ui(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(c), 1UL);
+
+            _fmpz_set_si_small(arb_expref(c), f);
+        }
+
+        fmpz_clear(t);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* not implemented */
+        abort();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/arb/submul.c b/arb/submul.c
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+void
+arb_submul(arb_t c, const arb_t a, const arb_t b)
+{
+    if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_expref(c)) && fmpz_is_zero(arb_expref(a))
+        && fmpz_is_zero(arb_expref(b)))
+    {
+        /* multiply errors */
+        if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(a)))
+        {
+            if (!fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(b)))
+            {
+                /* (c+e) + a * (b+r) = c + a*b + (e+a*r) */
+                _fmpz_addmul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_midref(a), arb_radref(b));
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(b)))
+            {
+                /* (c+e) + (a+r) * b = c + a*b + (e+b*r) */
+                _fmpz_addmul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_midref(b), arb_radref(a));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* (a + r) * (b + s) = a*b + a*s + b*r + r*s */
+                if (c != a && c != b)
+                {
+                    /* no aliasing */
+                    _fmpz_addmul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(a), arb_radref(b));
+                    _fmpz_addmul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_midref(a), arb_radref(b));
+                    _fmpz_addmul_abs(arb_radref(c), arb_midref(b), arb_radref(a));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    fmpz_t t;
+                    fmpz_init(t);
+                    fmpz_mul(t, arb_radref(a), arb_radref(b));
+                    _fmpz_addmul_abs(t, arb_midref(a), arb_radref(b));
+                    _fmpz_addmul_abs(t, arb_midref(b), arb_radref(a));
+                    fmpz_add(arb_radref(c), arb_radref(c), t);
+                    fmpz_clear(t);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* multiply midpoints */
+        fmpz_submul(arb_midref(c), arb_midref(a), arb_midref(b));
+
+        _arb_normalise(c);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        arb_t t;
+        arb_init(t, arb_prec(c));
+        arb_mul(t, a, b);
+        arb_sub(c, c, t);
+        arb_clear(t);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/arb/test/t-add.c b/arb/test/t-add.c
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+    long iter;
+    flint_rand_t state;
+
+    printf("add....");
+    fflush(stdout);
+
+    flint_randinit(state);
+
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 10000; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t a, b, c;
+        fmpq_t x, y, z;
+
+        arb_init(a, n_randint(state, 200));
+        arb_init(b, n_randint(state, 200));
+        arb_init(c, n_randint(state, 200));
+
+        fmpq_init(x);
+        fmpq_init(y);
+        fmpq_init(z);
+
+        arb_randtest(a, state, 10);
+        arb_randtest(b, state, 10);
+        arb_randtest(c, state, 10);
+
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(x, state, a);
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(y, state, b);
+
+        arb_add(c, a, b);
+        fmpq_add(z, x, y);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_fmpq(c, z))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: containment\n\n");
+            printf("a = "); arb_debug(a); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("x = "); fmpq_print(x); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("b = "); arb_debug(b); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("y = "); fmpq_print(y); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("c = "); arb_debug(c); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("z = "); fmpq_print(z); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(a);
+        arb_clear(b);
+        arb_clear(c);
+
+        fmpq_clear(x);
+        fmpq_clear(y);
+        fmpq_clear(z);
+    }
+
+    /* aliasing of c and a */
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 10000; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t a, b;
+        fmpq_t x, y, z;
+
+        arb_init(a, n_randint(state, 200));
+        arb_init(b, n_randint(state, 200));
+
+        fmpq_init(x);
+        fmpq_init(y);
+        fmpq_init(z);
+
+        arb_randtest(a, state, 10);
+        arb_randtest(b, state, 10);
+
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(x, state, a);
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(y, state, b);
+
+        arb_add(a, a, b);
+        fmpq_add(z, x, y);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_fmpq(a, z))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: aliasing (c, a)\n\n");
+            printf("a = "); arb_debug(a); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("x = "); fmpq_print(x); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("b = "); arb_debug(b); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("y = "); fmpq_print(y); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("z = "); fmpq_print(z); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(a);
+        arb_clear(b);
+
+        fmpq_clear(x);
+        fmpq_clear(y);
+        fmpq_clear(z);
+    }
+
+    /* aliasing of c and b */
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 10000; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t a, b;
+        fmpq_t x, y, z;
+
+        arb_init(a, n_randint(state, 200));
+        arb_init(b, n_randint(state, 200));
+
+        fmpq_init(x);
+        fmpq_init(y);
+        fmpq_init(z);
+
+        arb_randtest(a, state, 10);
+        arb_randtest(b, state, 10);
+
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(x, state, a);
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(y, state, b);
+
+        arb_add(b, a, b);
+        fmpq_add(z, x, y);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_fmpq(b, z))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: aliasing (c, b)\n\n");
+            printf("a = "); arb_debug(a); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("x = "); fmpq_print(x); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("b = "); arb_debug(b); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("y = "); fmpq_print(y); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("z = "); fmpq_print(z); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(a);
+        arb_clear(b);
+
+        fmpq_clear(x);
+        fmpq_clear(y);
+        fmpq_clear(z);
+    }
+
+    flint_randclear(state);
+    _fmpz_cleanup();
+    printf("PASS\n");
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/arb/test/t-addmul.c b/arb/test/t-addmul.c
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+    long iter;
+    flint_rand_t state;
+
+    printf("addmul....");
+    fflush(stdout);
+
+    flint_randinit(state);
+
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 10000; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t a, b, c;
+        fmpq_t x, y, z;
+
+        arb_init(a, n_randint(state, 200));
+        arb_init(b, n_randint(state, 200));
+        arb_init(c, n_randint(state, 200));
+
+        fmpq_init(x);
+        fmpq_init(y);
+        fmpq_init(z);
+
+        arb_randtest(a, state, 10);
+        arb_randtest(b, state, 10);
+        arb_randtest(c, state, 10);
+
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(x, state, a);
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(y, state, b);
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(z, state, c);
+
+        arb_addmul(c, a, b);
+        fmpq_addmul(z, x, y);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_fmpq(c, z))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: containment\n\n");
+            printf("a = "); arb_debug(a); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("x = "); fmpq_print(x); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("b = "); arb_debug(b); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("y = "); fmpq_print(y); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("c = "); arb_debug(c); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("z = "); fmpq_print(z); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(a);
+        arb_clear(b);
+        arb_clear(c);
+
+        fmpq_clear(x);
+        fmpq_clear(y);
+        fmpq_clear(z);
+    }
+
+    /* aliasing of c and a */
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 10000; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t a, b;
+        fmpq_t x, y;
+
+        arb_init(a, n_randint(state, 200));
+        arb_init(b, n_randint(state, 200));
+
+        fmpq_init(x);
+        fmpq_init(y);
+
+        arb_randtest(a, state, 10);
+        arb_randtest(b, state, 10);
+
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(x, state, a);
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(y, state, b);
+
+        arb_addmul(a, a, b);
+        fmpq_addmul(x, x, y);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_fmpq(a, x))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: aliasing (c, a)\n\n");
+            printf("a = "); arb_debug(a); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("x = "); fmpq_print(x); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("b = "); arb_debug(b); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("y = "); fmpq_print(y); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(a);
+        arb_clear(b);
+
+        fmpq_clear(x);
+        fmpq_clear(y);
+    }
+
+    /* aliasing of c and b */
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 10000; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t a, b;
+        fmpq_t x, y;
+
+        arb_init(a, n_randint(state, 200));
+        arb_init(b, n_randint(state, 200));
+
+        fmpq_init(x);
+        fmpq_init(y);
+
+        arb_randtest(a, state, 10);
+        arb_randtest(b, state, 10);
+
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(x, state, a);
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(y, state, b);
+
+        arb_addmul(b, a, b);
+        fmpq_addmul(y, x, y);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_fmpq(b, y))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: aliasing (c, b)\n\n");
+            printf("a = "); arb_debug(a); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("x = "); fmpq_print(x); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("b = "); arb_debug(b); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("y = "); fmpq_print(y); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(a);
+        arb_clear(b);
+
+        fmpq_clear(x);
+        fmpq_clear(y);
+    }
+
+    flint_randclear(state);
+    _fmpz_cleanup();
+    printf("PASS\n");
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/arb/test/t-const_euler_brent_mcmillan.c b/arb/test/t-const_euler_brent_mcmillan.c
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+    long iter;
+    flint_rand_t state;
+
+    printf("const_euler_brent_mcmillan....");
+    fflush(stdout);
+
+    flint_randinit(state);
+
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 250; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t r;
+        mpfr_t s;
+        long effective_prec;
+
+        arb_init(r, 1 + n_randint(state, 1 << n_randint(state, 16)));
+        mpfr_init2(s, arb_prec(r) + 1000);
+        arb_randtest(r, state, 10);
+
+        arb_const_euler_brent_mcmillan(r);
+        mpfr_const_euler(s, MPFR_RNDN);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_mpfr(r, s))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: containment\n\n");
+            printf("r = "); arb_debug(r); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        effective_prec = fmpz_bits(arb_midref(r)) - fmpz_bits(arb_radref(r));
+
+        if (effective_prec < arb_prec(r) - 4)
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: poor accuracy\n\n");
+            printf("r = "); arb_debug(r); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(r);
+        mpfr_clear(s);
+    }
+
+    flint_randclear(state);
+    _fmpz_cleanup();
+    mpfr_free_cache();
+    printf("PASS\n");
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/arb/test/t-const_pi_chudnovsky.c b/arb/test/t-const_pi_chudnovsky.c
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+    long iter;
+    flint_rand_t state;
+
+    printf("const_pi_chudnovsky....");
+    fflush(stdout);
+
+    flint_randinit(state);
+
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 250; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t r;
+        mpfr_t s;
+        long effective_prec;
+
+        arb_init(r, 1 + n_randint(state, 1 << n_randint(state, 18)));
+        mpfr_init2(s, arb_prec(r) + 1000);
+        arb_randtest(r, state, 10);
+
+        arb_const_pi_chudnovsky(r);
+        mpfr_const_pi(s, MPFR_RNDN);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_mpfr(r, s))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: containment\n\n");
+            printf("r = "); arb_debug(r); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        effective_prec = fmpz_bits(arb_midref(r)) - fmpz_bits(arb_radref(r));
+
+        if (effective_prec < arb_prec(r) - 4)
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: poor accuracy\n\n");
+            printf("r = "); arb_debug(r); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(r);
+        mpfr_clear(s);
+    }
+
+    flint_randclear(state);
+    _fmpz_cleanup();
+    mpfr_free_cache();
+    printf("PASS\n");
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/arb/test/t-const_zeta3_bsplit.c b/arb/test/t-const_zeta3_bsplit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+    long iter;
+    flint_rand_t state;
+
+    printf("const_zeta3_bsplit....");
+    fflush(stdout);
+
+    flint_randinit(state);
+
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 250; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t r;
+        mpfr_t s;
+        long effective_prec;
+
+        arb_init(r, 1 + n_randint(state, 1 << n_randint(state, 17)));
+        mpfr_init2(s, arb_prec(r) + 1000);
+        arb_randtest(r, state, 10);
+
+        arb_const_zeta3_bsplit(r);
+        mpfr_zeta_ui(s, 3, MPFR_RNDN);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_mpfr(r, s))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: containment\n\n");
+            printf("r = "); arb_debug(r); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        effective_prec = fmpz_bits(arb_midref(r)) - fmpz_bits(arb_radref(r));
+
+        if (effective_prec < arb_prec(r) - 4)
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: poor accuracy\n\n");
+            printf("r = "); arb_debug(r); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(r);
+        mpfr_clear(s);
+    }
+
+    flint_randclear(state);
+    _fmpz_cleanup();
+    mpfr_free_cache();
+    printf("PASS\n");
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/arb/test/t-div.c b/arb/test/t-div.c
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+    long iter;
+    flint_rand_t state;
+
+    printf("div....");
+    fflush(stdout);
+
+    flint_randinit(state);
+
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 10000; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t a, b, c;
+        fmpq_t x, y, z;
+
+        arb_init(a, 1 + n_randint(state, 200));
+        arb_init(b, 1 + n_randint(state, 200));
+        arb_init(c, 1 + n_randint(state, 200));
+
+        fmpq_init(x);
+        fmpq_init(y);
+        fmpq_init(z);
+
+        arb_randtest(a, state, 10);
+        do { arb_randtest(b, state, 10); } while (arb_contains_zero(b));
+        arb_randtest(c, state, 10);
+
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(x, state, a);
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(y, state, b);
+
+        arb_div(c, a, b);
+        fmpq_div(z, x, y);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_fmpq(c, z))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: containment\n\n");
+            printf("a = "); arb_debug(a); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("x = "); fmpq_print(x); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("b = "); arb_debug(b); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("y = "); fmpq_print(y); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("c = "); arb_debug(c); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("z = "); fmpq_print(z); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(a);
+        arb_clear(b);
+        arb_clear(c);
+
+        fmpq_clear(x);
+        fmpq_clear(y);
+        fmpq_clear(z);
+    }
+
+    /* aliasing of c and a */
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 10000; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t a, b;
+        fmpq_t x, y, z;
+
+        arb_init(a, 1 + n_randint(state, 200));
+        arb_init(b, 1 + n_randint(state, 200));
+
+        fmpq_init(x);
+        fmpq_init(y);
+        fmpq_init(z);
+
+        arb_randtest(a, state, 10);
+        do { arb_randtest(b, state, 10); } while (arb_contains_zero(b));
+
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(x, state, a);
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(y, state, b);
+
+        arb_div(a, a, b);
+        fmpq_div(z, x, y);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_fmpq(a, z))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: aliasing (c, a)\n\n");
+            printf("a = "); arb_debug(a); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("x = "); fmpq_print(x); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("b = "); arb_debug(b); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("y = "); fmpq_print(y); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("z = "); fmpq_print(z); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(a);
+        arb_clear(b);
+
+        fmpq_clear(x);
+        fmpq_clear(y);
+        fmpq_clear(z);
+    }
+
+    /* aliasing of c and b */
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 10000; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t a, b;
+        fmpq_t x, y, z;
+
+        arb_init(a, 1 + n_randint(state, 200));
+        arb_init(b, 1 + n_randint(state, 200));
+
+        fmpq_init(x);
+        fmpq_init(y);
+        fmpq_init(z);
+
+        arb_randtest(a, state, 10);
+        do { arb_randtest(b, state, 10); } while (arb_contains_zero(b));
+
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(x, state, a);
+        arb_get_rand_fmpq(y, state, b);
+
+        arb_div(b, a, b);
+        fmpq_div(z, x, y);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_fmpq(b, z))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: aliasing (c, b)\n\n");
+            printf("a = "); arb_debug(a); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("x = "); fmpq_print(x); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("b = "); arb_debug(b); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("y = "); fmpq_print(y); printf("\n\n");
+            printf("z = "); fmpq_print(z); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(a);
+        arb_clear(b);
+
+        fmpq_clear(x);
+        fmpq_clear(y);
+        fmpq_clear(z);
+    }
+
+    flint_randclear(state);
+    _fmpz_cleanup();
+    printf("PASS\n");
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/arb/test/t-log_ui.c b/arb/test/t-log_ui.c
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+
+    This file is part of ARB.
+
+    ARB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    ARB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with ARB; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
+
+=============================================================================*/
+/******************************************************************************
+
+    Copyright (C) 2012 Fredrik Johansson
+
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include "arb.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+    long iter;
+    flint_rand_t state;
+
+    printf("log_ui....");
+    fflush(stdout);
+
+    flint_randinit(state);
+
+    for (iter = 0; iter < 1000; iter++)
+    {
+        arb_t r;
+        ulong n;
+        mpfr_t s;
+        long effective_prec;
+
+        arb_init(r, 1 + n_randint(state, 1 << n_randint(state, 12)));
+        mpfr_init2(s, arb_prec(r) + 1000);
+        arb_randtest(r, state, 10);
+
+        n = n_randtest_not_zero(state);
+
+        arb_log_ui(r, n);
+        mpfr_set_ui(s, n, MPFR_RNDN);
+        mpfr_log(s, s, MPFR_RNDN);
+
+        if (!arb_contains_mpfr(r, s))
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: containment\n\n");
+            printf("n = %lu\n\n", n);
+            printf("r = "); arb_debug(r); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        effective_prec = fmpz_bits(arb_midref(r)) - fmpz_bits(arb_radref(r));
+
+        if (!fmpz_is_zero(arb_radref(r)) && effective_prec < arb_prec(r) - 4)
+        {
+            printf("FAIL: poor accuracy\n\n");
+            printf("r = "); arb_debug(r); printf("\n\n");
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        arb_clear(r);
+        mpfr_clear(s);
+    }
+
+    flint_randclear(state);
+    _fmpz_cleanup();
+    mpfr_free_cache();
+    printf("PASS\n");
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}