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Jan 2, 2023
Jan 20, 2023
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Nov 1, 2022

International SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance

This repository uses the genomicsurveillance model to estimate daily growth rates of a variety of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in selected countries. It fits a logistic linear model to daily lineage counts using a Dirichlet-Multinomial model. The growth rates are modelled in a hierarchical Bayesian fashion using stochastic variational inference.

The model is described in detail in our publication Genomic reconstruction of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in England.

The current code pulls aggregated data from cov-spectrum.org; the underlying data is proved by GISAID. Case data is from Our World in Data.

Latest update: 2023-01-19, based on 8562043 genomic sequences.

Growth rates

Growth rates

Each dot represents a country (MAP estimate). Bars denote the shared mean, errorbars are the 90% posterior interval.

In tabular form, per country

Other countries are grouped into geographic regions.

Australia Austria Brazil Canada Chile Denmark France Germany India Indonesia Israel Japan Mexico Other - Africa Other - Asia Other - Europe Other - North America Other - Oceania Other - South America Russia Singapore South Africa South Korea Spain Sweden Turkey USA United Kingdom
B.1.1.529 -10±1 -8±0 -10±1 -4±1 -1±1 -7±1 -9±1 -5±0 -4±0 -6±1 -5±1 -2±1 -3±1 -7±0 -4±0 -16±0 -16±1 -9±1 -10±1 -11±1 -4±1 -9±0 0±1 -5±1 -8±0 -13±1 -3±0 -11±0
BA.1 -18±0 -15±0 -18±0 -21±0 -18±0 -21±0 -19±0 -20±0 -13±0 -15±0 -21±0 -21±0 -17±0 -14±0 -12±0 -20±0 -20±0 -21±0 -17±0 -17±0 -16±0 -15±0 -21±0 -18±0 -20±0 -20±0 -21±0 -21±0
BA.1.1 -16±0 -12±0 -16±0 -18±0 -16±0 -16±0 -17±0 -17±0 -11±0 -16±0 -18±0 -17±0 -15±0 -13±0 -10±0 -17±0 -18±0 -13±0 -16±0 -16±0 -9±0 -14±0 -17±0 -16±0 -17±0 -15±0 -18±0 -18±0
BA.2 -9±0 -8±0 -11±0 -12±0 -10±0 -12±0 -9±0 -11±0 -4±0 -8±0 -10±0 -10±0 -9±0 -7±0 -5±0 -10±0 -12±0 -9±0 -10±0 -11±0 -4±0 -8±0 -9±0 -8±0 -12±0 -8±0 -10±0 -10±0
BA.2.3.20 4±0 0±0 -6±4 4±0 5±1 4±0 5±0 4±0 14±2 5±1 4±0 3±0 -7±7 -2±4 4±0 5±0 3±1 3±0 -3±2 1±2 3±0 -5±4 3±0 5±1 4±1 3±2 4±0 4±0
BA.2.12.1 -5±0 -4±0 -8±0 -8±0 -7±0 -5±0 -4±0 -4±0 -5±0 -5±0 -6±0 -7±0 -6±0 -4±0 -3±0 -4±0 -7±0 -6±0 -7±0 -7±1 -2±0 -2±1 -5±0 -3±0 -6±0 -4±0 -7±0 -4±0
BA.2.75 2±0 1±0 0±1 2±0 5±0 3±0 4±0 3±0 4±0 6±0 3±0 2±0 3±1 5±0 3±0 4±0 3±1 2±0 4±0 1±0 1±0 -1±1 3±0 6±0 4±0 5±0 3±0 4±0
CH.1.1 9±0 5±0 12±3 10±1 10±2 11±0 13±1 11±1 14±1 15±1 12±1 5±0 6±3 9±2 9±0 10±0 15±4 8±0 9±1 6±4 8±1 4±2 7±0 15±2 12±0 12±1 9±0 11±0
BR.2 8±0 4±1 <NA> 8±1 -2±5 9±1 7±2 6±1 16±2 10±5 -10±8 5±1 <NA> <NA> 9±2 9±1 <NA> 10±0 7±4 <NA> 6±1 <NA> 6±1 14±4 -6±7 <NA> 8±1 9±1
BN.1 7±0 4±0 5±1 6±0 4±1 7±0 7±0 6±0 10±0 9±0 7±0 5±0 6±1 6±0 7±0 6±0 4±1 6±0 9±1 6±1 5±0 4±1 7±0 8±0 8±0 7±0 7±0 6±0
BA.4 -3±0 -2±0 -3±0 -3±0 -2±0 -2±0 -1±0 -2±0 -3±0 -2±0 -2±0 -3±0 -2±0 -2±0 -2±0 -2±0 -2±0 -3±0 -3±0 -4±1 -2±0 -2±0 -3±0 -1±0 -2±0 -2±0 -2±0 -2±0
BA.4.6 1±0 0±0 0±0 1±0 2±0 2±0 2±0 2±0 3±1 2±0 2±0 1±0 1±0 2±0 2±0 2±0 0±0 1±0 1±0 0±1 1±0 0±0 1±0 3±0 2±0 2±1 1±0 1±0
BA.5 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 0±0
BA.5.2 0±0 0±0 -2±0 1±0 1±0 1±0 1±0 1±0 0±0 1±0 0±0 1±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 1±0 1±0 0±0 0±0 0±0 1±0 -1±0 2±0 1±0 1±0 1±0 1±0 1±0
BF.7 4±0 2±0 1±0 4±0 2±0 3±0 4±0 4±0 14±1 4±1 4±0 5±0 3±0 2±1 13±0 3±0 3±0 4±0 3±0 1±0 8±1 1±1 5±0 4±0 3±0 1±1 4±0 3±0
BA.5.2.6 4±0 2±0 -2±1 4±0 2±1 3±0 4±0 4±0 4±1 5±0 4±0 4±0 -1±2 3±0 3±0 4±0 1±1 4±0 1±1 3±0 2±0 0±0 3±0 5±0 3±0 3±0 4±0 4±0
BA.5.2.13 2±0 4±1 <NA> 5±0 -11±6 2±0 3±1 5±0 <NA> 2±1 5±1 1±1 0±2 0±2 5±1 4±0 0±2 -5±3 -12±5 2±2 3±2 -8±4 -3±2 3±1 3±1 0±2 4±0 3±0
CK.2.1.1 4±1 2±0 -3±2 4±1 1±3 3±0 7±1 4±0 <NA> <NA> 6±1 2±1 2±1 <NA> -2±3 5±0 <NA> 1±1 8±2 -4±4 2±2 -7±4 0±2 6±0 6±1 -1±4 5±0 5±0
BQ.1 6±0 4±0 6±0 6±0 6±0 6±0 7±0 6±0 19±1 9±0 8±0 5±0 7±0 5±0 7±0 6±0 5±0 6±0 8±0 7±1 6±0 3±0 6±0 8±0 6±0 7±0 6±0 6±0
BQ.1.1 7±0 6±0 5±0 7±0 8±0 6±0 7±0 7±0 19±1 10±0 8±0 5±0 7±0 6±0 7±0 7±0 7±0 7±0 10±0 5±1 6±0 6±0 5±0 10±0 8±0 6±0 7±0 7±0
BQ.1.1.20 <NA> 6±5 <NA> <NA> <NA> 8±0 2±3 11±1 <NA> <NA> -8±7 <NA> <NA> <NA> <NA> 9±2 <NA> <NA> <NA> <NA> <NA> <NA> -8±7 <NA> 11±1 <NA> -9±8 5±3
BQ.1.9 <NA> 4±0 <NA> -15±6 <NA> <NA> -10±6 <NA> -4±6 <NA> -7±4 <NA> <NA> -4±5 <NA> 3±1 <NA> <NA> -4±4 <NA> <NA> <NA> 6±1 <NA> <NA> <NA> 4±0 <NA>
CQ.2 -2±4 3±3 <NA> 3±2 -2±4 5±1 3±2 -7±4 <NA> <NA> 4±2 4±0 -3±5 <NA> <NA> 5±2 -1±3 <NA> -4±4 <NA> -1±4 -3±5 -7±4 <NA> <NA> <NA> 6±0 -7±4
XAY -9±6 3±1 <NA> -10±7 <NA> 8±0 1±3 6±2 <NA> <NA> -12±5 <NA> <NA> 3±5 <NA> 9±1 <NA> <NA> <NA> <NA> <NA> -1±1 -11±5 1±5 -8±4 <NA> 2±1 6±2
XBB 4±0 1±0 8±2 4±0 10±1 6±0 6±0 5±0 12±0 10±0 7±0 2±0 5±2 6±1 5±0 5±0 10±1 6±1 10±0 9±1 3±0 4±1 3±0 11±1 6±1 8±1 7±0 7±0
XBB.1 5±0 3±0 6±1 7±0 8±1 7±0 7±0 6±0 13±0 12±0 7±0 3±0 10±1 8±1 6±0 6±0 10±0 4±0 11±1 9±0 3±0 1±2 4±0 10±1 7±0 9±1 8±0 8±0
XBB.1.5 12±2 14±1 4±4 15±1 14±3 15±1 12±1 14±2 20±1 <NA> 17±1 5±3 1±6 <NA> 9±4 14±1 19±2 3±9 22±2 <NA> 14±3 6±7 8±2 19±2 15±2 <NA> 14±0 17±1
XBF 9±0 6±1 <NA> 12±2 -4±8 11±1 9±2 7±3 11±1 -1±9 15±2 4±1 -4±9 <NA> 6±3 10±1 <NA> 10±1 <NA> <NA> 8±1 -6±8 8±1 17±2 15±1 8±3 9±1 13±1

Shown is the daily growth advantage over BA.5 in percent. Errors are standard errors.

Variant share by country

The variant share is extrapolated from the last day with observed data. In countries where a variant hasn't been detected yet, it is assumed to be introduced at levels of 1% of the international average.

Variant share by country

Latest estimated variant proportion.

Variant share by country

In tabular form, per country

Australia Austria Brazil Canada Chile Denmark France Germany India Indonesia Israel Japan Mexico Russia Singapore South Africa South Korea Spain Sweden Turkey USA United Kingdom Other - Africa Other - Asia Other - Europe Other - North America Other - Oceania Other - South America
B.1.1.529 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
BA.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
BA.1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
BA.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
BA.2.3.20 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.9 0.2 0.0 1.4 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.0
BA.2.12.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
BA.2.75 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.2 1.5 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1 1.2 0.0 2.3 0.5 0.3 1.4 0.1 0.3 6.3 0.4 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.0
CH.1.1 7.1 5.8 5.6 2.0 2.4 15.0 8.3 9.3 1.8 6.1 7.9 3.1 0.6 1.8 11.0 0.5 4.2 4.3 15.0 18.7 1.0 34.8 6.1 7.3 13.4 3.0 36.0 0.6
BR.2 29.0 0.2 (0.0) 0.2 0.0 1.2 0.1 0.1 2.4 0.6 0.0 0.5 (0.0) (0.0) 2.5 (0.0) 0.2 1.8 0.0 (0.0) 0.1 0.3 (0.1) 0.4 0.2 (0.0) 28.1 0.3
BN.1 10.3 9.2 1.2 1.7 0.3 15.4 3.8 9.8 0.7 1.8 3.0 15.6 3.3 3.9 10.2 1.9 60.8 1.4 5.0 8.4 1.9 3.4 25.0 10.3 5.3 0.1 4.0 1.0
BA.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
BA.4.6 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
BA.5 0.1 2.8 1.8 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.1 9.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.0
BA.5.2 0.3 1.6 0.1 1.7 1.1 0.5 0.3 3.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 24.4 0.8 2.8 1.4 0.3 10.1 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 1.1 0.2 0.4 0.0
BF.7 0.6 2.6 0.0 2.8 0.1 1.0 1.9 10.6 0.6 0.0 0.4 18.7 0.4 0.2 7.7 0.2 3.3 0.3 1.5 0.0 0.6 0.4 0.0 64.7 2.5 0.0 1.1 0.0
BA.5.2.6 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 7.1 0.0 1.0 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.0
BA.5.2.13 0.0 0.1 (0.0) 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 (0.0) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
CK.2.1.1 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.4 (0.0) (0.0) 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 (0.0) 0.0 0.2 (0.0) 0.0 0.1
BQ.1 5.5 8.3 26.7 20.1 7.8 6.7 15.6 19.3 33.7 4.3 16.9 5.6 36.0 12.0 21.6 5.4 11.4 18.2 14.7 52.1 15.5 6.6 9.5 2.6 18.6 1.5 4.5 4.6
BQ.1.1 10.6 19.0 59.6 52.2 54.0 19.8 63.2 32.7 23.1 6.5 28.4 21.1 35.6 1.0 12.3 74.7 2.4 53.6 26.4 4.0 21.7 27.6 26.3 3.0 41.8 9.5 10.4 25.9
BQ.1.1.20 (0.0) 0.2 (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) 22.3 0.0 1.7 (0.0) (0.0) 0.0 (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) 0.0 (0.0) 1.6 (0.0) 0.0 0.0 (0.0) (0.0) 0.2 (0.0) (0.0) (0.0)
BQ.1.9 (0.0) 22.1 (0.0) 0.0 (0.0) (0.0) 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) 0.5 (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) 0.0 (0.0) 0.6 (0.0) 0.0 (0.0) (0.0) 0.0
CQ.2 0.0 0.1 (0.0) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 (0.0) (0.0) 0.0 0.6 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.1 0.0 (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) 0.2 0.0 (0.0) (0.0) 0.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
XAY 0.0 0.1 (0.0) 0.0 (0.0) 2.7 0.0 0.1 (0.0) (0.0) 0.0 (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 0.0 1.6 (0.0) 0.3 (0.0) (0.0) (0.0)
XBB 0.3 0.2 1.7 0.2 19.1 0.5 0.5 0.4 11.8 6.5 0.9 0.1 0.8 24.1 3.9 2.9 0.2 2.0 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.9 7.2 1.7 0.5 3.0 0.8 21.2
XBB.1 1.0 2.2 2.6 1.1 4.4 4.0 1.1 1.8 10.4 73.8 2.0 0.3 20.3 52.2 14.8 0.3 0.8 1.3 6.7 11.5 2.5 2.2 15.8 8.7 2.6 64.2 0.3 4.6
XBB.1.5 0.8 22.1 0.3 14.8 7.5 7.0 3.3 6.2 15.1 (0.1) 33.1 0.1 0.7 (0.1) 7.8 3.4 0.9 9.0 3.1 (0.0) 54.1 20.6 (0.7) 0.3 9.8 18.3 1.0 41.6
XBF 33.4 1.3 (0.0) 1.0 0.0 3.0 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.1 6.8 0.2 0.1 (0.0) 3.6 0.5 1.2 7.1 24.3 1.3 0.2 2.3 (0.1) 0.1 1.3 (0.0) 12.4 (0.0)

Shown is the estimated variant proportion on 2023-01-19 in percent.

Values in parentheses mean that the variant has not been detected in the specific country and are imputed instead.

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