diff --git a/sentry_sdk/integrations/openai.py b/sentry_sdk/integrations/openai.py
index 480db9132d..45aac3d410 100644
--- a/sentry_sdk/integrations/openai.py
+++ b/sentry_sdk/integrations/openai.py
@@ -347,6 +347,16 @@ def _set_responses_api_input_data(
     if top_p is not None and _is_given(top_p):
         span.set_data(SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_TOP_P, top_p)
 
+    conversation = kwargs.get("conversation")
+    if conversation is not None and _is_given(conversation):
+        conversation_id: "Optional[str]" = None
+        if isinstance(conversation, str):
+            conversation_id = conversation
+        elif isinstance(conversation, dict):
+            conversation_id = conversation.get("id")
+        if conversation_id is not None:
+            span.set_data(SPANDATA.GEN_AI_CONVERSATION_ID, conversation_id)
+
     if not should_send_default_pii() or not integration.include_prompts:
         set_data_normalized(span, SPANDATA.GEN_AI_OPERATION_NAME, "responses")
         return
diff --git a/tests/integrations/openai/test_openai.py b/tests/integrations/openai/test_openai.py
index 20bbf2adf5..677beb5681 100644
--- a/tests/integrations/openai/test_openai.py
+++ b/tests/integrations/openai/test_openai.py
@@ -2836,6 +2836,44 @@ def test_ai_client_span_responses_api(
     assert spans[0]["data"] == expected_data
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "conversation, expected_id",
+    [
+        pytest.param(omit, None, id="omit"),
+        pytest.param(None, None, id="none"),
+        pytest.param("conv_abc123", "conv_abc123", id="string"),
+        pytest.param({"id": "conv_abc123"}, "conv_abc123", id="dict"),
+    ],
+)
+@pytest.mark.skipif(SKIP_RESPONSES_TESTS, reason="Responses API not available")
+def test_responses_api_conversation_id(
+    sentry_init, capture_events, conversation, expected_id
+):
+    sentry_init(
+        integrations=[OpenAIIntegration()],
+        traces_sample_rate=1.0,
+    )
+    events = capture_events()
+
+    client = OpenAI(api_key="z")
+    client.responses._post = mock.Mock(return_value=EXAMPLE_RESPONSE)
+
+    with start_transaction(name="openai tx"):
+        client.responses.create(
+            model="gpt-4o",
+            input="hello",
+            conversation=conversation,
+        )
+
+    (transaction,) = events
+    (span,) = transaction["spans"]
+
+    if expected_id is None:
+        assert "gen_ai.conversation.id" not in span["data"]
+    else:
+        assert span["data"]["gen_ai.conversation.id"] == expected_id
+
+
 @pytest.mark.skipif(SKIP_RESPONSES_TESTS, reason="Responses API not available")
 def test_error_in_responses_api(sentry_init, capture_events):
     sentry_init(