diff --git a/src/crypto/x509/verify_test.go b/src/crypto/x509/verify_test.go
index 100a8ff0f94ae..c3ef503b27784 100644
--- a/src/crypto/x509/verify_test.go
+++ b/src/crypto/x509/verify_test.go
@@ -540,8 +540,8 @@ func testVerify(t *testing.T, test verifyTest, useSystemRoots bool) {
 func TestGoVerify(t *testing.T) {
 	// Temporarily enable SHA-1 verification since a number of test chains
 	// require it. TODO(filippo): regenerate test chains.
-	defer func(old bool) { debugAllowSHA1 = old }(debugAllowSHA1)
-	debugAllowSHA1 = true
+	t.Setenv("GODEBUG", "x509sha1=1")
+
 	for _, test := range verifyTests {
 		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			testVerify(t, test, false)
diff --git a/src/crypto/x509/x509.go b/src/crypto/x509/x509.go
index 85720b3ccbef9..dc470f53f2dbc 100644
--- a/src/crypto/x509/x509.go
+++ b/src/crypto/x509/x509.go
@@ -730,9 +730,6 @@ type Certificate struct {
 // involves algorithms that are not currently implemented.
 var ErrUnsupportedAlgorithm = errors.New("x509: cannot verify signature: algorithm unimplemented")
 
-// debugAllowSHA1 allows SHA-1 signatures. See issue 41682.
-var debugAllowSHA1 = godebug.Get("x509sha1") == "1"
-
 // An InsecureAlgorithmError indicates that the SignatureAlgorithm used to
 // generate the signature is not secure, and the signature has been rejected.
 //
@@ -792,7 +789,7 @@ func (c *Certificate) CheckSignatureFrom(parent *Certificate) error {
 
 	// TODO(agl): don't ignore the path length constraint.
 
-	return checkSignature(c.SignatureAlgorithm, c.RawTBSCertificate, c.Signature, parent.PublicKey, debugAllowSHA1)
+	return checkSignature(c.SignatureAlgorithm, c.RawTBSCertificate, c.Signature, parent.PublicKey, false)
 }
 
 // CheckSignature verifies that signature is a valid signature over signed from
@@ -839,7 +836,8 @@ func checkSignature(algo SignatureAlgorithm, signed, signature []byte, publicKey
 	case crypto.MD5:
 		return InsecureAlgorithmError(algo)
 	case crypto.SHA1:
-		if !allowSHA1 {
+		// SHA-1 signatures are mostly disabled. See go.dev/issue/41682.
+		if !allowSHA1 && godebug.Get("x509sha1") != "1" {
 			return InsecureAlgorithmError(algo)
 		}
 		fallthrough
diff --git a/src/crypto/x509/x509_test.go b/src/crypto/x509/x509_test.go
index 6c1e95a2032d4..48a864057df48 100644
--- a/src/crypto/x509/x509_test.go
+++ b/src/crypto/x509/x509_test.go
@@ -1864,9 +1864,7 @@ func TestSHA1(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("certificate verification returned %v (%T), wanted InsecureAlgorithmError", err, err)
 	}
 
-	defer func(old bool) { debugAllowSHA1 = old }(debugAllowSHA1)
-	debugAllowSHA1 = true
-
+	t.Setenv("GODEBUG", "x509sha1=1")
 	if err = cert.CheckSignatureFrom(cert); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("SHA-1 certificate did not verify with GODEBUG=x509sha1=1: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -3335,8 +3333,7 @@ func TestLargeOID(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestDisableSHA1ForCertOnly(t *testing.T) {
-	defer func(old bool) { debugAllowSHA1 = old }(debugAllowSHA1)
-	debugAllowSHA1 = false
+	t.Setenv("GODEBUG", "")
 
 	tmpl := &Certificate{
 		SerialNumber:          big.NewInt(1),