Packages with large overviews often have multiple headings.
Creating a table of contents from those headings allows the initial reader to gauge the scope of the package at a glance and allows the return reader to skip easily to the desired section.
Screenshot

Originally discussed in #18342 The majority of the discussion starting at #18342 (comment)
Prototype CL https://golang.org/cl/69030
Per golang.org/s/owners, cc: @andybons @agnivade @bradfitz @griesemer @ysmolsky
cc @dsnet for any interference this may cause with #25444