cmd/go: document that packages with paths that contain "/testdata/" are importable

[adg]

The cmd/go docs explicitly say:

Directory and file names that begin with "." or "_" are ignored by the go tool, as are directories named "testdata".

so it was very surprising to me to find that package golang.org/x/crypto/ssh has an import of package golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/testdata, and that this passes tests!

~/src/crypto/ssh $ go list -f '{{range .TestImports}}{{printf "%s\n" .}}{{end}}' | grep testdata
golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/testdata
~/src/crypto/ssh $ go list -json ./testdata
{
	"Dir": "/Users/adg/src/crypto/ssh/testdata",
	"ImportPath": "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/testdata",
	"Name": "testdata",
	"Doc": "This package contains test data shared between the various subpackages of the golang.org/x/crypto/ssh package.",
	"Root": "/Users/adg/src/crypto",
	"Module": {
		"Path": "golang.org/x/crypto",
		"Main": true,
		"Dir": "/Users/adg/src/crypto",
		"GoMod": "/Users/adg/src/crypto/go.mod",
		"GoVersion": "1.17"
	},
	"Match": [
		"./testdata"
	],
	"GoFiles": [
		"doc.go",
		"keys.go"
	]
}

What's going on here? Did this sneak in by mistake? If so, we're stuck with it I suppose. Should the cmd/go docs be updated? What should the official rule be?

[ianlancetaylor]

CC @bcmills @matloob

[seankhliao]

My understanding was that like with #34992 and #43985 , go will ignore it in local listings, but it can still be part of import path.

[bcmills]

Yes: testdata packages should be excluded from patterns like ./..., but should be importable. (They have syntactically valid import paths, and it's convenient to, say, put a command in testdata/cmd/foo and be able to go build that command to use it in a test.)

[seankhliao]

I think this should be clarified by CL 752261