Given a disfluent sentence, modify the sentence to it to its equivalent fluent form, preserving the meaning of the sentence.

Q: When did the Spanish and Portuguese colonies primarily gained no lose their independence?

A:  When did the Spanish and Portuguese colonies lose their independance.
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Q: Who developed the Finnish research network, the ARPANET no sorry the CYCLADES packet?

A: Who developed the Finnish research network, the CYCLADES packet?
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Q: When did er what kind of member what the University to the Big Twelve Conference?

A:
What kind of member what the University to the Big Twelve Conference?
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