diff --git a/.github/workflows/test-integ.yaml b/.github/workflows/test-integ.yaml
index 1f9d23c4..67d4b860 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test-integ.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-integ.yaml
@@ -5,7 +5,14 @@ jobs:
   run-tests:
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
     strategy:
-      fail-fast: true
+      # It's totally debatable which is better here: fail-fast or not.
+      # Failing fast will use fewer cloud resources, in theory.
+      #    But if the tests are slightly flaky (fail to pip install something)
+      #    Then one flaky install kills lots of jobs that need to be redone.
+      #    So the efficiency argument has its limits
+      # Failing slow is clearer about what's going on.
+      #    This is pretty unambiguous, so we're going with it for now.
+      fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         python-version: [
             #"3.6",   # Default on Ubuntu18.04 but openapi-generator fails
@@ -15,6 +22,8 @@ jobs:
             "3.10", 
             "3.11",
         ]
+        install_numpy: [ true, false ]
+        install_pillow: [ true, false ]
     env:
       # This is associated with the "sdk-integ-test" user, credentials on 1password
       GROUNDLIGHT_API_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GROUNDLIGHT_API_TOKEN }}
@@ -32,5 +41,15 @@ jobs:
           pip install -U pip
           pip install poetry
           poetry install
+      - name: setup environment
+        run: make install
+      - name: install numpy
+        if: matrix.install_numpy
+        run: |
+          poetry run pip install numpy
+      - name: install pillow
+        if: matrix.install_pillow
+        run: |
+          poetry run pip install pillow
       - name: run tests
         run: make test-integ
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index baf9afcb..83b7b7a1 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [tool.poetry]
 name = "groundlight"
-version = "0.6.0"
+version = "0.6.1"
 license = "MIT"
 readme = "UserGuide.md"
 homepage = "https://groundlight.ai"
diff --git a/src/groundlight/client.py b/src/groundlight/client.py
index 23be8343..35fa0f33 100644
--- a/src/groundlight/client.py
+++ b/src/groundlight/client.py
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@
 from openapi_client.api.image_queries_api import ImageQueriesApi
 from openapi_client.model.detector_creation_input import DetectorCreationInput
 
-from groundlight.images import buffer_from_jpeg_file
+from groundlight.images import buffer_from_jpeg_file, jpeg_from_numpy
+from groundlight.optional_imports import np
 
 API_TOKEN_WEB_URL = "https://app.groundlight.ai/reef/my-account/api-tokens"
 API_TOKEN_VARIABLE_NAME = "GROUNDLIGHT_API_TOKEN"
@@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ def list_image_queries(self, page: int = 1, page_size: int = 10) -> PaginatedIma
     def submit_image_query(
         self,
         detector: Union[Detector, str],
-        image: Union[str, bytes, BytesIO, BufferedReader],
+        image: Union[str, bytes, BytesIO, BufferedReader, np.ndarray],
         wait: float = 0,
     ) -> ImageQuery:
         """Evaluates an image with Groundlight.
@@ -139,9 +140,11 @@ def submit_image_query(
         elif isinstance(image, BytesIO) or isinstance(image, BufferedReader):
             # Already in the right format
             image_bytesio = image
+        elif isinstance(image, np.ndarray):
+            image_bytesio = BytesIO(jpeg_from_numpy(image))
         else:
             raise TypeError(
-                "Unsupported type for image. We only support JPEG images specified through a filename, bytes, BytesIO, or BufferedReader object."
+                "Unsupported type for image. We only support numpy arrays (3,W,H) or JPEG images specified through a filename, bytes, BytesIO, or BufferedReader object."
             )
 
         raw_img_query = self.image_queries_api.submit_image_query(detector_id=detector_id, body=image_bytesio)
diff --git a/src/groundlight/images.py b/src/groundlight/images.py
index fb30cd41..ecd9eff1 100644
--- a/src/groundlight/images.py
+++ b/src/groundlight/images.py
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import imghdr
 import io
 
+from groundlight.optional_imports import np, Image
+
 
 def buffer_from_jpeg_file(image_filename: str) -> io.BufferedReader:
     """
@@ -14,3 +16,13 @@ def buffer_from_jpeg_file(image_filename: str) -> io.BufferedReader:
         return open(image_filename, "rb")
     else:
         raise ValueError("We only support JPEG files, for now.")
+
+
+def jpeg_from_numpy(img: np.ndarray, jpeg_quality: int = 95) -> bytes:
+    """Converts a numpy array to BytesIO"""
+    pilim = Image.fromarray(img.astype("uint8"), "RGB")
+    with io.BytesIO() as buf:
+        buf = io.BytesIO()
+        pilim.save(buf, "jpeg", quality=jpeg_quality)
+        out = buf.getvalue()
+        return out
diff --git a/src/groundlight/optional_imports.py b/src/groundlight/optional_imports.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ebf0e27b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/groundlight/optional_imports.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+"""We use a trick to check if libraries like numpy are installed or not.
+If they are, we make it available as normal.
+If not, we set it up as a shim object which still lets type-hinting work properly,
+but will fail at runtime if you try to use it.
+
+This can be confusing, but hopefully the errors are explicit enough to be 
+clear about what's happening, and it makes the code which hopes numpy is installed
+look readable.
+"""
+
+
+class UnavailableModule(type):
+    """Represents a module that is not installed or otherwise unavailable at runtime.
+    Attempting to access anything in this object raises the original exception
+    (ImportError or similar) which happened when the optional library failed to import.
+
+    Needs to subclass type so that it works for type-hinting.
+    """
+
+    def __new__(cls, exc):
+        out = type("UnavailableModule", (), {})
+        out.exc = exc
+        return out
+
+    def __getattr__(self, key):
+        # TODO: This isn't getting called for some reason.
+        raise RuntimeError("attempt to use module that failed to load") from self.exc
+
+
+try:
+    import numpy as np
+
+    MISSING_NUMPY = False
+except ImportError as e:
+    np = UnavailableModule(e)
+    # Expose np.ndarray so type-hinting looks normal
+    np.ndarray = np
+    MISSING_NUMPY = True
+
+try:
+    import PIL
+    from PIL import Image
+
+    MISSING_PIL = False
+except ImportError as e:
+    PIL = UnavailableModule(e)
+    Image = PIL
+    MISSING_PIL = True
+
+
+__all__ = ["np", "PIL", "Image", "MISSING_NUMPY", "MISSING_PIL"]
diff --git a/test/integration/test_groundlight.py b/test/integration/test_groundlight.py
index abfe9546..f9421e9a 100644
--- a/test/integration/test_groundlight.py
+++ b/test/integration/test_groundlight.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 import pytest
 
 from groundlight import Groundlight
+from groundlight.optional_imports import *
 from model import Detector, ImageQuery, PaginatedDetectorList, PaginatedImageQueryList
 
 
@@ -109,3 +110,11 @@ def test_get_image_query(gl: Groundlight, image_query: ImageQuery):
     _image_query = gl.get_image_query(id=image_query.id)
     assert str(_image_query)
     assert isinstance(_image_query, ImageQuery)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(MISSING_NUMPY or MISSING_PIL, reason="Needs numpy and pillow")
+def test_submit_numpy_image(gl: Groundlight, detector: Detector):
+    np_img = np.random.uniform(0, 255, (600, 800, 3))
+    _image_query = gl.submit_image_query(detector=detector.id, image=np_img)
+    assert str(_image_query)
+    assert isinstance(_image_query, ImageQuery)
diff --git a/test/unit/test_imagefuncs.py b/test/unit/test_imagefuncs.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3a75f6fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/test_imagefuncs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import pytest
+
+from groundlight.images import *
+from groundlight.optional_imports import *
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(MISSING_NUMPY or MISSING_PIL, reason="Needs numpy and pillow")
+def test_jpeg_from_numpy():
+    np_img = np.random.uniform(0, 255, (480, 640, 3))
+    jpeg1 = jpeg_from_numpy(np_img)
+    assert len(jpeg1) > 500
+
+    np_img = np.random.uniform(0, 255, (768, 1024, 3))
+    jpeg2 = jpeg_from_numpy(np_img)
+    assert len(jpeg2) > len(jpeg1)
+
+    np_img = np.random.uniform(0, 255, (768, 1024, 3))
+    jpeg3 = jpeg_from_numpy(np_img, jpeg_quality=50)
+    assert len(jpeg2) > len(jpeg3)
diff --git a/test/unit/test_optional_imports.py b/test/unit/test_optional_imports.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..27964e0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/test_optional_imports.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+from typing import Union
+
+import pytest
+
+from groundlight.optional_imports import UnavailableModule
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def failed_import() -> type:
+    e = ModuleNotFoundError("perfect_perception module does not exist")
+    return UnavailableModule(e)
+
+
+def test_type_hints(failed_import):
+    # Check that the UnavailableModule class can be used in type hints.
+    def typed_method(foo: Union[failed_import, str]):
+        print(foo)
+
+    assert True, "Yay UnavailableModule can be used in a type hint"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skip("Would be nice if this works, but it doesn't")
+def test_raises_exception(failed_import):
+    # We'd like the UnavailableModule object to raise an exception
+    # anytime you access it, where the exception is a RuntimeError
+    # but builds on the original ImportError so you can see what went wrong.
+    # The old version had this, but didn't work with modern type-hinting.
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+        failed_import.foo