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# This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public | |
# License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this | |
# file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. | |
"""04 - Inject functionality into a class in Python. | |
Use multiple inheritance to override functionality on base classes. | |
""" | |
import contextlib | |
import typing | |
class Person: | |
"""A person has a name and likes to do things.""" | |
def __init__(self, *, name: str, **kwargs: typing.Any): | |
self.name = name | |
def __str__(self) -> str: | |
return f"{self.name}" | |
def stay_hydrated(self) -> None: | |
print(f"{self} drinks some water. π°") | |
def go_to_the_movies(self) -> None: | |
print(f"{self} goes to the movies. πΏ") | |
def go_hiking(self) -> None: | |
print(f"{self} goes hiking. β°") | |
def build_a_robot(self) -> None: | |
print(f"{self} builds a robot. π€") | |
class TeaPerson(Person): | |
"""A person who prefers tea over water.""" | |
def stay_hydrated(self) -> None: | |
print(f"{self} drinks tea. π΅") | |
class Project: | |
"""A project has a board_name and a description.""" | |
def __init__(self, board_name: str, description: str): | |
self.board_name = board_name | |
self.description = description | |
def __str__(self) -> str: | |
return f"Project '{self.board_name}'" | |
class TeamMember(Person): | |
"""A team member is a person, who works on projects, and may have | |
specialized in a specific field. | |
""" | |
expertise: typing.Optional[str] = None | |
def __str__(self) -> str: | |
# Get default string representation from the super class | |
default = super().__str__() | |
if self.expertise is None: | |
return f"{default}" | |
return f"{self.expertise} {default}" | |
@contextlib.contextmanager | |
def commute(self) -> typing.Generator: | |
"""Commute to the office and back.""" | |
print(f"{self} commutes to the office. π’") | |
yield | |
print(f"{self} commutes home. π‘") | |
def work_on_project(self, project) -> None: | |
"""Start working on the given project.""" | |
with self.commute(): | |
print(f"{self} is now working on {project}. π") | |
self.stay_hydrated() | |
class MobileEngineer(TeamMember): | |
"""Team member specialized in developing for mobile platforms.""" | |
expertise = "π±" | |
class DataScientist(TeamMember): | |
"""Team member specialized in data science.""" | |
expertise = "π" | |
class ProjectManager(TeamMember): | |
"""Team member specialized in project management.""" | |
expertise = "π" | |
class OperationsEngineer(TeamMember): | |
"""Team member specialized in running cloud infrastructure.""" | |
expertise = "π¦" | |
class RemoteTeamMember(TeamMember): | |
"""Team member who works remotely.""" | |
def __init__(self, *, workplace: str, **kwargs: typing.Any): | |
self.workplace = workplace | |
# Forward kwargs to super class | |
super().__init__(**kwargs) | |
@contextlib.contextmanager | |
def commute(self) -> typing.Generator: | |
"""Stay at home or commute to the workplace and back.""" | |
if self.workplace == "home": | |
print(f"{self} works from home. π‘") | |
yield | |
return | |
print(f"{self} commutes to {self.workplace}. π") | |
yield | |
print(f"{self} commutes home. π‘") | |
class DataScientistWhoLikesTea(DataScientist, TeaPerson): | |
"""Data scientist who prefers tea over water.""" | |
class ProjectManagerWhoWorksRemotely(ProjectManager, RemoteTeamMember): | |
"""Project manager who works remotely.""" | |
class MobileEngineerWhoWorksRemotelyAndLikesTea( | |
MobileEngineer, RemoteTeamMember, TeaPerson | |
): | |
"""Mobile engineer who works remotely and prefers tea over water.""" | |
if __name__ == "__main__": | |
simone = OperationsEngineer(name="Simone") | |
simone.go_to_the_movies() | |
simone.build_a_robot() | |
simone.go_hiking() | |
chelsea = DataScientistWhoLikesTea(name="Chelsea") | |
dave = ProjectManagerWhoWorksRemotely(name="Dave", workplace="a local coffee shop") | |
marlene = MobileEngineerWhoWorksRemotelyAndLikesTea( | |
name="Marlene", workplace="home" | |
) | |
data_platform = Project( | |
board_name="Data Platform", | |
description="Platform providing datasets and data viewing tools.", | |
) | |
simone.work_on_project(data_platform) | |
chelsea.work_on_project(data_platform) | |
dave.work_on_project(data_platform) | |
marlene.work_on_project(data_platform) |