From aa7b4ea8494c3bd1447002efefb8886fa3f7c90b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shivani Rupnawar <shivani.n.rupnawar@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 22 Apr 2026 16:06:13 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 1/3] fix: warn when implicit label has no visible text (#1860)

---
 dist/core/rules/input-requires-label.js | 16 ++++++++-
 src/core/rules/input-requires-label.ts  | 15 ++++++++
 test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js | 47 ++++++++++++++++++++-----
 3 files changed, 69 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/dist/core/rules/input-requires-label.js b/dist/core/rules/input-requires-label.js
index bd41c89fc..9ab25cd6c 100644
--- a/dist/core/rules/input-requires-label.js
+++ b/dist/core/rules/input-requires-label.js
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ exports.default = {
         const labelTags = [];
         const inputTags = [];
         let labelDepth = 0;
+        let labelHasText = false;
         parser.addListener('tagstart', (event) => {
             const tagName = event.tagName.toLowerCase();
             const mapAttrs = parser.getMapAttrs(event.attrs);
@@ -27,14 +28,27 @@ exports.default = {
                 }
                 else if (!event.close) {
                     labelDepth++;
+                    labelHasText = false;
                 }
             }
         });
         parser.addListener('tagend', (event) => {
             if (event.tagName.toLowerCase() === 'label' && labelDepth > 0) {
+                if (!labelHasText) {
+                    inputTags.forEach((input) => {
+                        if (input.nested) {
+                            input.nested = false;
+                        }
+                    });
+                }
                 labelDepth--;
             }
         });
+        parser.addListener('text', (event) => {
+            if (labelDepth > 0 && event.raw && !/^\s*$/.test(event.raw)) {
+                labelHasText = true;
+            }
+        });
         parser.addListener('end', () => {
             inputTags.forEach((inputTag) => {
                 if (!inputTag.nested && !hasMatchingLabelTag(inputTag)) {
@@ -53,4 +67,4 @@ exports.default = {
         }
     },
 };
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\ No newline at end of file
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/core/rules/input-requires-label.ts b/src/core/rules/input-requires-label.ts
index 80b601f10..be9e51de1 100644
--- a/src/core/rules/input-requires-label.ts
+++ b/src/core/rules/input-requires-label.ts
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ export default {
       nested: boolean
     }> = []
     let labelDepth = 0
+    let labelHasText = false
 
     parser.addListener('tagstart', (event) => {
       const tagName = event.tagName.toLowerCase()
@@ -43,16 +44,30 @@ export default {
           // implicit label (no `for`): nesting labels the input
           // a self-closing <label/> opens no scope and emits no tagend
           labelDepth++
+          labelHasText = false
         }
       }
     })
 
     parser.addListener('tagend', (event) => {
       if (event.tagName.toLowerCase() === 'label' && labelDepth > 0) {
+        if (!labelHasText) {
+          inputTags.forEach((input) => {
+            if (input.nested) {
+              input.nested = false
+            }
+          })
+        }
         labelDepth--
       }
     })
 
+    parser.addListener('text', (event) => {
+      if (labelDepth > 0 && event.raw && !/^\s*$/.test(event.raw)) {
+        labelHasText = true
+      }
+    })
+
     parser.addListener('end', () => {
       inputTags.forEach((inputTag) => {
         if (!inputTag.nested && !hasMatchingLabelTag(inputTag)) {
diff --git a/test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js b/test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js
index a9269e469..52739368a 100644
--- a/test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js
+++ b/test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js
@@ -39,19 +39,27 @@ describe(`Rules: ${ruleId}`, () => {
       expect(messages.length).toBe(0)
     })
 
-    it('Input tag nested inside label tag should result in no error', () => {
-      const code = '<label><input type="password" /></label>'
+    it('Input nested inside label with text before should result in no error', () => {
+      const code = '<label>Password <input type="password" /></label>'
       const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
       expect(messages.length).toBe(0)
     })
 
-    // Multiple inputs inside one label are all accepted. The HTML spec
-    // associates only the first labelable descendant with the label, but
-    // this rule is about "every input has a label nearby" for a11y, not
-    // strict spec conformance.
-    it('Multiple inputs nested inside one label should result in no error', () => {
+    it('Input nested inside label with text after should result in no error', () => {
+      const code = '<label><input type="email" /> Email</label>'
+      const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
+      expect(messages.length).toBe(0)
+    })
+
+    it('Input nested inside label with text in child element should result in no error', () => {
+      const code = '<label><span>Email</span> <input type="email" /></label>'
+      const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
+      expect(messages.length).toBe(0)
+    })
+
+    it('Multiple inputs nested inside label with text should result in no error', () => {
       const code =
-        '<label><input type="password" /><input type="text" /></label>'
+        '<label>Credentials <input type="text" /><input type="password" /></label>'
       const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
       expect(messages.length).toBe(0)
     })
@@ -136,5 +144,28 @@ describe(`Rules: ${ruleId}`, () => {
       expect(messages[0].rule.id).toBe(ruleId)
       expect(messages[0].type).toBe('warning')
     })
+
+    it('Input nested inside label with no text should result in error', () => {
+      const code = '<label><input type="password" /></label>'
+      const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
+      expect(messages.length).toBe(1)
+      expect(messages[0].rule.id).toBe(ruleId)
+      expect(messages[0].type).toBe('warning')
+    })
+
+    it('Input nested inside label with whitespace only should result in error', () => {
+      const code = '<label>   <input type="text" />   </label>'
+      const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
+      expect(messages.length).toBe(1)
+      expect(messages[0].rule.id).toBe(ruleId)
+      expect(messages[0].type).toBe('warning')
+    })
+
+    it('Multiple inputs nested inside label with no text should result in errors', () => {
+      const code =
+        '<label><input type="text" /><input type="password" /></label>'
+      const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
+      expect(messages.length).toBe(2)
+    })
   })
 })

From 78055ca54aa6a6e4e42ee6c9279d3011306d668d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shivani Rupnawar <shivani.n.rupnawar@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 22 Apr 2026 17:40:51 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] fix: use label state stack to scope empty-text detection

---
 dist/core/rules/input-requires-label.js | 30 ++++++++++++++---------
 src/core/rules/input-requires-label.ts  | 32 +++++++++++++++++--------
 test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js | 14 +++++++++++
 3 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/dist/core/rules/input-requires-label.js b/dist/core/rules/input-requires-label.js
index 9ab25cd6c..45a1054c0 100644
--- a/dist/core/rules/input-requires-label.js
+++ b/dist/core/rules/input-requires-label.js
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ exports.default = {
         const labelTags = [];
         const inputTags = [];
         let labelDepth = 0;
-        let labelHasText = false;
+        const labelStateStack = [];
         parser.addListener('tagstart', (event) => {
             const tagName = event.tagName.toLowerCase();
             const mapAttrs = parser.getMapAttrs(event.attrs);
@@ -28,25 +28,33 @@ exports.default = {
                 }
                 else if (!event.close) {
                     labelDepth++;
-                    labelHasText = false;
+                    labelStateStack.push({
+                        hasText: false,
+                        inputStartIndex: inputTags.length,
+                    });
                 }
             }
         });
         parser.addListener('tagend', (event) => {
             if (event.tagName.toLowerCase() === 'label' && labelDepth > 0) {
-                if (!labelHasText) {
-                    inputTags.forEach((input) => {
-                        if (input.nested) {
-                            input.nested = false;
-                        }
-                    });
+                const state = labelStateStack.pop();
+                if (state && !state.hasText) {
+                    for (let i = state.inputStartIndex; i < inputTags.length; i++) {
+                        inputTags[i].nested = false;
+                    }
+                }
+                else if (state && state.hasText && labelStateStack.length > 0) {
+                    labelStateStack[labelStateStack.length - 1].hasText = true;
                 }
                 labelDepth--;
             }
         });
         parser.addListener('text', (event) => {
-            if (labelDepth > 0 && event.raw && !/^\s*$/.test(event.raw)) {
-                labelHasText = true;
+            if (labelDepth > 0 &&
+                event.raw &&
+                !/^\s*$/.test(event.raw) &&
+                labelStateStack.length > 0) {
+                labelStateStack[labelStateStack.length - 1].hasText = true;
             }
         });
         parser.addListener('end', () => {
@@ -67,4 +75,4 @@ exports.default = {
         }
     },
 };
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\ No newline at end of file
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/core/rules/input-requires-label.ts b/src/core/rules/input-requires-label.ts
index be9e51de1..95b1b85f5 100644
--- a/src/core/rules/input-requires-label.ts
+++ b/src/core/rules/input-requires-label.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,10 @@ export default {
       nested: boolean
     }> = []
     let labelDepth = 0
-    let labelHasText = false
+    const labelStateStack: Array<{
+      hasText: boolean
+      inputStartIndex: number
+    }> = []
 
     parser.addListener('tagstart', (event) => {
       const tagName = event.tagName.toLowerCase()
@@ -44,27 +47,36 @@ export default {
           // implicit label (no `for`): nesting labels the input
           // a self-closing <label/> opens no scope and emits no tagend
           labelDepth++
-          labelHasText = false
+          labelStateStack.push({
+            hasText: false,
+            inputStartIndex: inputTags.length,
+          })
         }
       }
     })
 
     parser.addListener('tagend', (event) => {
       if (event.tagName.toLowerCase() === 'label' && labelDepth > 0) {
-        if (!labelHasText) {
-          inputTags.forEach((input) => {
-            if (input.nested) {
-              input.nested = false
-            }
-          })
+        const state = labelStateStack.pop()
+        if (state && !state.hasText) {
+          for (let i = state.inputStartIndex; i < inputTags.length; i++) {
+            inputTags[i].nested = false
+          }
+        } else if (state && state.hasText && labelStateStack.length > 0) {
+          labelStateStack[labelStateStack.length - 1].hasText = true
         }
         labelDepth--
       }
     })
 
     parser.addListener('text', (event) => {
-      if (labelDepth > 0 && event.raw && !/^\s*$/.test(event.raw)) {
-        labelHasText = true
+      if (
+        labelDepth > 0 &&
+        event.raw &&
+        !/^\s*$/.test(event.raw) &&
+        labelStateStack.length > 0
+      ) {
+        labelStateStack[labelStateStack.length - 1].hasText = true
       }
     })
 
diff --git a/test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js b/test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js
index 52739368a..784cc41af 100644
--- a/test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js
+++ b/test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js
@@ -69,6 +69,20 @@ describe(`Rules: ${ruleId}`, () => {
       const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
       expect(messages.length).toBe(0)
     })
+
+    it('Valid label followed by empty label should only warn for the empty one', () => {
+      const code =
+        '<label>Username <input type="text" /></label><label><input type="password" /></label>'
+      const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
+      expect(messages.length).toBe(1)
+    })
+
+    it('Nested labels: outer with text should not false-warn outer input', () => {
+      const code =
+        '<label>Outer <label><input type="checkbox" /></label><input type="text" /></label>'
+      const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
+      expect(messages.length).toBe(1)
+    })
   })
 
   describe('Error cases', () => {

From 78b3fce7dadf2559be782c0e9ae9a22342a71b28 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shivani Rupnawar <shivani.n.rupnawar@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 22 Apr 2026 21:31:20 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 3/3] test: move mixed-case tests to Error cases block

---
 test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js | 28 ++++++++++++-------------
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js b/test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js
index 784cc41af..94615acc4 100644
--- a/test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js
+++ b/test/rules/input-requires-label.spec.js
@@ -69,20 +69,6 @@ describe(`Rules: ${ruleId}`, () => {
       const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
       expect(messages.length).toBe(0)
     })
-
-    it('Valid label followed by empty label should only warn for the empty one', () => {
-      const code =
-        '<label>Username <input type="text" /></label><label><input type="password" /></label>'
-      const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
-      expect(messages.length).toBe(1)
-    })
-
-    it('Nested labels: outer with text should not false-warn outer input', () => {
-      const code =
-        '<label>Outer <label><input type="checkbox" /></label><input type="text" /></label>'
-      const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
-      expect(messages.length).toBe(1)
-    })
   })
 
   describe('Error cases', () => {
@@ -181,5 +167,19 @@ describe(`Rules: ${ruleId}`, () => {
       const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
       expect(messages.length).toBe(2)
     })
+
+    it('Valid label followed by empty label should only warn for the empty one', () => {
+      const code =
+        '<label>Username <input type="text" /></label><label><input type="password" /></label>'
+      const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
+      expect(messages.length).toBe(1)
+    })
+
+    it('Nested labels: outer with text should not false-warn outer input', () => {
+      const code =
+        '<label>Outer <label><input type="checkbox" /></label><input type="text" /></label>'
+      const messages = HTMLHint.verify(code, ruleOptions)
+      expect(messages.length).toBe(1)
+    })
   })
 })