diff --git a/.github/workflows/php.yml b/.github/workflows/php.yml
index 1eca669..a90bb46 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/php.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/php.yml
@@ -17,15 +17,8 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: true
       matrix:
-        php: [7.3, 7.4, 8.0, 8.1] # 7.1, 7.2,
+        php: [ 8.1] # 7.1, 7.2,
         os: [ubuntu-latest] # windows-latest, macOS-latest
-        include:
-          - os: 'ubuntu-latest'
-            php: '7.2'
-            phpunit: '8.5.13'
-          - os: 'ubuntu-latest'
-            php: '7.1'
-            phpunit: '7.5.20'
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
diff --git a/README.en.md b/README.en.md
index b3f5d39..7439ee6 100644
--- a/README.en.md
+++ b/README.en.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # PHP Validate
 
 [![License](https://img.shields.io/packagist/l/inhere/php-validate.svg?style=flat-square)](LICENSE)
-[![Php Version](https://img.shields.io/badge/php-%3E=7.1-brightgreen.svg?maxAge=2592000)](https://packagist.org/packages/inhere/php-validate)
+[![Php Version](https://img.shields.io/badge/php-%3E=8.1-brightgreen.svg?maxAge=2592000)](https://packagist.org/packages/inhere/php-validate)
 [![Latest Stable Version](http://img.shields.io/packagist/v/inhere/php-validate.svg)](https://packagist.org/packages/inhere/php-validate)
 [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/inhere/php-validate/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/github/inhere/php-validate?branch=master)
 [![Github Actions Status](https://github.com/inhere/php-validate/workflows/Unit-tests/badge.svg)](https://github.com/inhere/php-validate/actions)
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 40388b1..dd7de19 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # PHP Validate
 
 [![License](https://img.shields.io/packagist/l/inhere/php-validate.svg?style=flat-square)](LICENSE)
-[![Php Version](https://img.shields.io/badge/php-%3E=7.1-brightgreen.svg?maxAge=2592000)](https://packagist.org/packages/inhere/php-validate)
+[![Php Version](https://img.shields.io/badge/php-%3E=8.1-brightgreen.svg?maxAge=2592000)](https://packagist.org/packages/inhere/php-validate)
 [![Latest Stable Version](http://img.shields.io/packagist/v/inhere/php-validate.svg)](https://packagist.org/packages/inhere/php-validate)
 [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/inhere/php-validate/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/github/inhere/php-validate?branch=master)
 [![Github Actions Status](https://github.com/inhere/php-validate/workflows/Unit-tests/badge.svg)](https://github.com/inhere/php-validate/actions)
@@ -59,15 +59,20 @@ validate 同时支持两种规则配置方式，对应了两种规则的收集
 - **github** <https://github.com/inhere/php-validate.git>
 - **gitee** <https://gitee.com/inhere/php-validate.git>
 
-> **注意：** master 分支是要求 `php7.1+` 的(推荐使用)。`1.x` 分支是支持php5的代码分支,但是基本上不再维护。
-
 ## 安装
 
 ```bash
 composer require inhere/php-validate
-// composer require inhere/php-validate ^2.2
+# or
+# composer require inhere/php-validate ^3.0
 ```
 
+### 注意
+
+- `master` 分支是要求 `php8.1+` 的(推荐使用)
+- `2.x` 分支是支持 `php7.1+`,但是基本上不再维护。
+- `1.x` 分支是支持php5的代码分支,但是基本上不再维护。
+
 ## 立即使用
 
 <a name="how-to-use1"></a>
diff --git a/composer.json b/composer.json
index 1e588f5..82a19b2 100644
--- a/composer.json
+++ b/composer.json
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "name": "inhere/php-validate",
   "type": "library",
-  "description": "an simple validate, filter library of the php",
+  "description": "generic data validate, filter library of the php",
   "keywords": [
     "php-library",
     "library",
@@ -19,11 +19,11 @@
     }
   ],
   "require": {
-    "php": ">7.1.0",
-    "toolkit/stdlib": "~1.0"
+    "php": ">8.1.0",
+    "toolkit/stdlib": "~2.0"
   },
   "require-dev": {
-    "phpunit/phpunit": "^7.5 || ^8.5 || ^9.5"
+    "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.5"
   },
   "autoload": {
     "psr-4": {
diff --git a/src/Exception/ValidateException.php b/src/Exception/ValidateException.php
index acc262e..c82c902 100644
--- a/src/Exception/ValidateException.php
+++ b/src/Exception/ValidateException.php
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class ValidateException extends RuntimeException
     /**
      * @var string
      */
-    public $field;
+    public string $field;
 
     /**
      * @param string $field
diff --git a/src/Filter/FilteringTrait.php b/src/Filter/FilteringTrait.php
index bf339ec..e3293f4 100644
--- a/src/Filter/FilteringTrait.php
+++ b/src/Filter/FilteringTrait.php
@@ -25,36 +25,36 @@
 trait FilteringTrait
 {
     /** @var array user custom filters */
-    private $_filters = [];
+    private array $_filters = [];
 
     /**
      * value sanitize 直接对给的值进行过滤
      *
-     * @param mixed        $value
-     * @param string|array $filters
-     *          string:
+     * filters:
+     *   string:
      *          'string|trim|upper'
-     *          array:
-     *          [
+     *   array:
+     *      [
      *          'string',
      *          'trim',
      *          ['Class', 'method'],
      *          // 追加额外参数. 传入时，第一个参数总是要过滤的字段值，其余的依次追加
      *          'myFilter' => ['arg1', 'arg2'],
      *          function($val) {
-     *          return str_replace(' ', '', $val);
+     *              return str_replace(' ', '', $val);
      *          },
-     *          ]
+     *     ]
+     *
+     * @param mixed $value
+     * @param array|string|callable $filters
      *
      * @return mixed
-     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      */
-    protected function valueFiltering($value, $filters)
+    protected function valueFiltering(mixed $value, array|string|callable $filters): mixed
     {
-        $filters = is_string($filters) ? Filters::explode($filters, '|') : $filters;
-
-        // fix: must ensure is array
-        if (!is_array($filters)) {
+        if (is_string($filters)) {
+            $filters = Filters::explode($filters, '|');
+        } elseif (!is_array($filters)) {
             $filters = [$filters];
         }
 
@@ -64,14 +64,14 @@ protected function valueFiltering($value, $filters)
                 $args  = (array)$filter;
                 $value = $this->callStringCallback($key, $value, ...$args);
 
-            // closure
+                // closure
             } elseif (is_object($filter) && method_exists($filter, '__invoke')) {
                 $value = $filter($value);
-            // string, trim, ....
+                // string, trim, ....
             } elseif (is_string($filter)) {
                 $value = $this->callStringCallback($filter, $value);
 
-            // e.g ['Class', 'method'],
+                // e.g ['Class', 'method'],
             } else {
                 $value = Helper::call($filter, $value);
             }
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ protected function valueFiltering($value, $filters)
      * @return mixed
      * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      */
-    protected function callStringCallback(string $filter, ...$args)
+    protected function callStringCallback(string $filter, ...$args): mixed
     {
         // if is alias name
         $filterName = Filters::realName($filter);
@@ -95,21 +95,21 @@ protected function callStringCallback(string $filter, ...$args)
         // if $filter is a custom by addFiler()
         if ($callback = $this->getFilter($filter)) {
             $value = $callback(...$args);
-        // if $filter is a custom method of the subclass.
+            // if $filter is a custom method of the subclass.
         } elseif (method_exists($this, $filter . 'Filter')) {
             $filter .= 'Filter';
             $value  = $this->$filter(...$args);
 
-        // if $filter is a custom add callback in the property {@see $_filters}.
+            // if $filter is a custom add callback in the property {@see $_filters}.
         } elseif ($callback = UserFilters::get($filter)) {
             $value = $callback(...$args);
 
-        // if $filter is a custom add callback in the property {@see $_filters}.
+            // if $filter is a custom add callback in the property {@see $_filters}.
             // $filter is a method of the class 'FilterList'
         } elseif (method_exists(Filters::class, $filterName)) {
             $value = Filters::$filterName(...$args);
 
-        // it is function name
+            // it is function name
         } elseif (function_exists($filter)) {
             $value = $filter(...$args);
         } else {
@@ -134,28 +134,27 @@ public function getFilter(string $name): ?callable
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param string   $name
+     * @param string $name
      * @param callable $filter
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function addFilter(string $name, callable $filter): self
+    public function addFilter(string $name, callable $filter): static
     {
         return $this->setFilter($name, $filter);
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param string   $name
+     * @param string $name
      * @param callable $filter
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function setFilter(string $name, callable $filter): self
+    public function setFilter(string $name, callable $filter): static
     {
         if ($name = trim($name)) {
             $this->_filters[$name] = $filter;
         }
-
         return $this;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/Filter/Filters.php b/src/Filter/Filters.php
index 475ae7b..1221fd2 100644
--- a/src/Filter/Filters.php
+++ b/src/Filter/Filters.php
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@
 use const FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL;
 use const FILTER_SANITIZE_ENCODED;
 use const FILTER_SANITIZE_FULL_SPECIAL_CHARS;
-use const FILTER_SANITIZE_MAGIC_QUOTES;
 use const FILTER_SANITIZE_NUMBER_FLOAT;
 use const FILTER_SANITIZE_NUMBER_INT;
 use const FILTER_SANITIZE_SPECIAL_CHARS;
@@ -48,7 +47,6 @@
 use const FILTER_UNSAFE_RAW;
 use const FILTER_VALIDATE_BOOLEAN;
 use const MB_CASE_TITLE;
-use const PHP_VERSION_ID;
 
 /**
  * Class Filters
@@ -60,7 +58,7 @@ final class Filters
     use NameAliasTrait;
 
     /** @var array filter aliases map */
-    private static $aliases = [
+    private static array $aliases = [
         'substr'       => 'subStr',
         'substring'    => 'subStr',
         'str2list'     => 'explode',
@@ -85,11 +83,11 @@ final class Filters
      * 注意： NULL 不是标量类型
      *
      * @param mixed $val
-     * @param bool  $nullAsFalse
+     * @param bool $nullAsFalse
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function boolean($val, $nullAsFalse = false): bool
+    public static function boolean(mixed $val, bool $nullAsFalse = false): bool
     {
         if ($val !== null && !is_scalar($val)) {
             return (bool)$val;
@@ -102,9 +100,8 @@ public static function boolean($val, $nullAsFalse = false): bool
 
     /**
      * @see Validators::boolean()
-     * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public static function bool($val, $nullAsFalse = false): bool
+    public static function bool(mixed $val, $nullAsFalse = false): bool
     {
         return self::boolean($val, $nullAsFalse);
     }
@@ -118,7 +115,7 @@ public static function bool($val, $nullAsFalse = false): bool
      *
      * @return int|array
      */
-    public static function integer($val)
+    public static function integer(mixed $val): array|int
     {
         if (is_array($val)) {
             return array_map(self::class . '::integer', $val);
@@ -129,9 +126,8 @@ public static function integer($val)
 
     /**
      * @see Filters::integer()
-     * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public static function int($val)
+    public static function int(mixed $val): array|int
     {
         return self::integer($val);
     }
@@ -141,7 +137,7 @@ public static function int($val)
      *
      * @return int
      */
-    public static function abs($val): int
+    public static function abs(mixed $val): int
     {
         return abs((int)$val);
     }
@@ -152,15 +148,15 @@ public static function abs($val): int
      * @note 该过滤器默认允许所有数字以及 + -
      *
      * @param mixed    $val   要过滤的变量
-     * @param null|int $decimal
-     * @param int      $flags 标志
+     * @param int|null $decimal
+     * @param int|string $flags 标志
      *                        FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_FRACTION - 允许小数分隔符 （比如 .）
      *                        FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_THOUSAND - 允许千位分隔符（比如 ,）
      *                        FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_SCIENTIFIC - 允许科学记数法（比如 e 和 E）
      *
-     * @return mixed
+     * @return int|float
      */
-    public static function float($val, $decimal = null, $flags = FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_FRACTION)
+    public static function float(mixed $val, int $decimal = null, int|string $flags = FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_FRACTION): int|float
     {
         $options = (int)$flags !== 0 ? ['flags' => (int)$flags] : [];
 
@@ -177,8 +173,8 @@ public static function float($val, $decimal = null, $flags = FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_F
     /**
      * 去除标签，去除或编码特殊字符。
      *
-     * @param string|array $val
-     * @param int          $flags 标志
+     * @param mixed $val
+     * @param int|string $flags 标志
      *                            FILTER_FLAG_NO_ENCODE_QUOTES - 该标志不编码引号
      *                            FILTER_FLAG_STRIP_LOW - 去除 ASCII 值在 32 以下的字符
      *                            FILTER_FLAG_STRIP_HIGH - 去除 ASCII 值在 127 以上的字符
@@ -188,7 +184,7 @@ public static function float($val, $decimal = null, $flags = FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_F
      *
      * @return string|array
      */
-    public static function string($val, $flags = 0)
+    public static function string(mixed $val, int|string $flags = 0): array|string
     {
         if (is_array($val)) {
             return array_map(self::class . '::string', $val);
@@ -196,14 +192,13 @@ public static function string($val, $flags = 0)
 
         $options = (int)$flags !== 0 ? ['flags' => (int)$flags] : [];
 
-        return (string)filter_var($val, FILTER_SANITIZE_FULL_SPECIAL_CHARS, $options);
+        return (string)filter_var((string)$val, FILTER_SANITIZE_FULL_SPECIAL_CHARS, $options);
     }
 
     /**
      * @see Filters::string()
-     * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public static function stripped($val, $flags = 0)
+    public static function stripped($val, int|string $flags = 0): array|string
     {
         return self::string($val, $flags);
     }
@@ -215,23 +210,23 @@ public static function stripped($val, $flags = 0)
      *
      * @return string New string
      */
-    public static function nl2br($str): string
+    public static function nl2br(string $str): string
     {
-        return str_replace(["\r\n", "\r", "\n"], '<br/>', (string)$str);
+        return str_replace(["\r\n", "\r", "\n"], '<br/>', $str);
     }
 
     /**
      * simple trim space
      *
-     * @param string|array $val
+     * @param array|string $val
      *
      * @return string|array
      */
-    public static function trim($val)
+    public static function trim(array|string $val): array|string
     {
-        return is_array($val) ? array_map(function ($val) {
+        return is_array($val) ? array_map(static function ($val) {
             return is_string($val) ? trim($val) : $val;
-        }, $val) : trim((string)$val);
+        }, $val) : trim($val);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -241,9 +236,9 @@ public static function trim($val)
      *
      * @return mixed
      */
-    public static function clearSpace($val): string
+    public static function clearSpace(string $val): string
     {
-        return str_replace(' ', '', trim((string)$val));
+        return str_replace(' ', '', trim($val));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -253,9 +248,9 @@ public static function clearSpace($val): string
      *
      * @return mixed
      */
-    public static function clearNewline($val): string
+    public static function clearNewline(string $val): string
     {
-        return str_replace(["\r\n", "\r", "\n"], '', trim((string)$val));
+        return str_replace(["\r\n", "\r", "\n"], '', trim($val));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -265,7 +260,7 @@ public static function clearNewline($val): string
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function lower($val): string
+    public static function lower(string $val): string
     {
         return self::lowercase($val);
     }
@@ -273,11 +268,11 @@ public static function lower($val): string
     /**
      * string to lowercase
      *
-     * @param string|int $val
+     * @param int|string $val
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function lowercase($val): string
+    public static function lowercase(int|string $val): string
     {
         if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
             return is_int($val) ? (string)$val : '';
@@ -297,7 +292,7 @@ public static function lowercase($val): string
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function upper($val): string
+    public static function upper(string $val): string
     {
         return self::uppercase($val);
     }
@@ -305,11 +300,11 @@ public static function upper($val): string
     /**
      * string to uppercase
      *
-     * @param string|int $str
+     * @param int|string $str
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function uppercase($str): string
+    public static function uppercase(int|string $str): string
     {
         if (!$str || !is_string($str)) {
             return is_int($str) ? (string)$str : '';
@@ -323,13 +318,13 @@ public static function uppercase($str): string
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param string|mixed $str
+     * @param string $str
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function ucfirst($str): string
+    public static function ucfirst(string $str): string
     {
-        if (!$str || !is_string($str)) {
+        if (!$str) {
             return '';
         }
 
@@ -337,13 +332,13 @@ public static function ucfirst($str): string
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param string|mixed $str
+     * @param string $str
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function ucwords($str): string
+    public static function ucwords(string $str): string
     {
-        if (!$str || !is_string($str)) {
+        if (!$str) {
             return '';
         }
 
@@ -362,7 +357,7 @@ public static function ucwords($str): string
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function snake($val, string $sep = '_'): string
+    public static function snake(string $val, string $sep = '_'): string
     {
         return self::snakeCase($val, $sep);
     }
@@ -377,9 +372,9 @@ public static function snake($val, string $sep = '_'): string
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function snakeCase($val, string $sep = '_'): string
+    public static function snakeCase(string $val, string $sep = '_'): string
     {
-        if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
+        if (!$val) {
             return '';
         }
 
@@ -391,12 +386,12 @@ public static function snakeCase($val, string $sep = '_'): string
     /**
      * string to camelcase
      *
-     * @param string|mixed $val
-     * @param bool         $ucFirst
+     * @param string $val
+     * @param bool $ucFirst
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function camel($val, $ucFirst = false): string
+    public static function camel(string $val, bool $ucFirst = false): string
     {
         return self::camelCase($val, $ucFirst);
     }
@@ -405,23 +400,22 @@ public static function camel($val, $ucFirst = false): string
      * Translates a string with underscores into camel case (e.g. first_name -> firstName)
      *
      * @param string $val
-     * @param bool   $ucFirst
+     * @param bool $ucFirst
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function camelCase($val, $ucFirst = false): string
+    public static function camelCase(string $val, bool $ucFirst = false): string
     {
-        if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
+        if (!$val) {
             return '';
         }
 
         $str = self::lowercase($val);
-
         if ($ucFirst) {
             $str = self::ucfirst($str);
         }
 
-        return preg_replace_callback('/_+([a-z])/', function ($c) {
+        return preg_replace_callback('/_+([a-z])/', static function ($c) {
             return strtoupper($c[1]);
         }, $str);
     }
@@ -433,7 +427,7 @@ public static function camelCase($val, $ucFirst = false): string
      *
      * @return int
      */
-    public static function timestamp($val): int
+    public static function timestamp(string $val): int
     {
         return self::strToTime($val);
     }
@@ -445,9 +439,9 @@ public static function timestamp($val): int
      *
      * @return int
      */
-    public static function strToTime($val): int
+    public static function strToTime(string $val): int
     {
-        if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
+        if (!$val) {
             return 0;
         }
 
@@ -462,7 +456,7 @@ public static function strToTime($val): int
      *
      * @return bool|string
      */
-    public static function subStr(string $str, int $start, int $length = 0, string $encoding = 'utf-8')
+    public static function subStr(string $str, int $start, int $length = 0, string $encoding = 'utf-8'): bool|string
     {
         $length = $length === 0 ? Helper::strlen($str) : $length;
 
@@ -511,22 +505,22 @@ public static function str2array(string $string, string $delimiter = ',', int $l
 
     /**
      * @param mixed       $val
-     * @param null|string $allowedTags
+     * @param string|null $allowedTags
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function clearTags($val, $allowedTags = null): string
+    public static function clearTags(mixed $val, string $allowedTags = null): string
     {
         return self::stripTags($val, $allowedTags);
     }
 
     /**
      * @param mixed       $val
-     * @param null|string $allowedTags e.g '<p><a>' 允许 <p> 和 <a>
+     * @param string|null $allowedTags e.g '<p><a>' 允许 <p> 和 <a>
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function stripTags($val, $allowedTags = null): string
+    public static function stripTags(mixed $val, string $allowedTags = null): string
     {
         if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
             return '';
@@ -565,12 +559,7 @@ public static function encoded(string $val, int $flags = 0): string
      */
     public static function quotes(string $val): string
     {
-        if (PHP_VERSION_ID > 70300) {
-            /** @noinspection PhpElementIsNotAvailableInCurrentPhpVersionInspection */
-            $flag = FILTER_SANITIZE_ADD_SLASHES;
-        } else {
-            $flag = FILTER_SANITIZE_MAGIC_QUOTES;
-        }
+        $flag = FILTER_SANITIZE_ADD_SLASHES;
 
         return (string)filter_var($val, $flag);
     }
@@ -586,7 +575,7 @@ public static function quotes(string $val): string
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function specialChars($val, int $flags = 0): string
+    public static function specialChars(string $val, int $flags = 0): string
     {
         $settings = $flags !== 0 ? ['flags' => $flags] : [];
 
@@ -595,11 +584,11 @@ public static function specialChars($val, int $flags = 0): string
 
     /**
      * @param string $val
-     * @param int    $flags
+     * @param int $flags
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function escape($val, $flags = 0): string
+    public static function escape(string $val, int $flags = 0): string
     {
         return self::specialChars($val, $flags);
     }
@@ -612,7 +601,7 @@ public static function escape($val, $flags = 0): string
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function fullSpecialChars($val, int $flags = 0): string
+    public static function fullSpecialChars(string $val, int $flags = 0): string
     {
         $settings = $flags !== 0 ? ['flags' => $flags] : [];
 
@@ -622,29 +611,25 @@ public static function fullSpecialChars($val, int $flags = 0): string
     /**
      * 字符串长度过滤截取
      *
-     * @param string  $string
-     * @param integer $start
-     * @param int     $length
+     * @param string $string
+     * @param int|string $start
+     * @param int|string $length
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function stringCute($string, $start = 0, $length = 0): string
+    public static function stringCute(string $string, int|string $start = 0, int|string $length = 0): string
     {
-        if (!is_string($string)) {
-            return '';
-        }
-
         return self::subStr($string, (int)$start, (int)$length);
     }
 
     /**
      * @param string $string
-     * @param int    $start
-     * @param int    $length
+     * @param int|string $start
+     * @param int|string $length
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function cut($string, $start = 0, $length = 0): string
+    public static function cut(string $string, int|string $start = 0, int|string $length = 0): string
     {
         return self::stringCute($string, $start, $length);
     }
@@ -652,18 +637,14 @@ public static function cut($string, $start = 0, $length = 0): string
     /**
      * url地址过滤 移除所有不符合 url 的字符
      *
-     * @note 该过滤器允许所有的字母、数字以及 $-_.+!*'(),{}|\^~[]`"><#%;/?:@&=
+     * - 该过滤器允许所有的字母、数字以及 $-_.+!*'(),{}|\^~[]`"><#%;/?:@&=
      *
      * @param string $val 要过滤的数据
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function url($val): string
+    public static function url(string $val): string
     {
-        if (!is_string($val)) {
-            return '';
-        }
-
         return (string)filter_var($val, FILTER_SANITIZE_URL);
     }
 
@@ -674,12 +655,8 @@ public static function url($val): string
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public static function email($val): string
+    public static function email(string $val): string
     {
-        if (!is_string($val)) {
-            return '';
-        }
-
         return (string)filter_var($val, FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL);
     }
 
@@ -689,7 +666,7 @@ public static function email($val): string
      * 如果不规定标志，则该过滤器没有任何行为。
      *
      * @param string $string
-     * @param int    $flags 标志
+     * @param int|string $flags 标志
      *                      FILTER_FLAG_STRIP_LOW - 去除 ASCII 值在 32 以下的字符
      *                      FILTER_FLAG_STRIP_HIGH - 去除 ASCII 值在 32 以上的字符
      *                      FILTER_FLAG_ENCODE_LOW - 编码 ASCII 值在 32 以下的字符
@@ -698,7 +675,7 @@ public static function email($val): string
      *
      * @return string|mixed
      */
-    public static function unsafeRaw($string, $flags = 0)
+    public static function unsafeRaw(string $string, int|string $flags = 0): mixed
     {
         $settings = (int)$flags !== 0 ? ['flags' => (int)$flags] : [];
 
@@ -713,7 +690,7 @@ public static function unsafeRaw($string, $flags = 0)
      *
      * @return bool|mixed
      */
-    public static function callback($val, $callback)
+    public static function callback(mixed $val, callable $callback): mixed
     {
         return filter_var($val, FILTER_CALLBACK, ['options' => $callback]);
     }
@@ -725,7 +702,7 @@ public static function callback($val, $callback)
      *
      * @return array
      */
-    public static function unique($val): array
+    public static function unique(mixed $val): array
     {
         if (!$val || !is_array($val)) {
             return (array)$val;
diff --git a/src/Filter/Filtration.php b/src/Filter/Filtration.php
index 3db8ca9..7163889 100644
--- a/src/Filter/Filtration.php
+++ b/src/Filter/Filtration.php
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 
 namespace Inhere\Validate\Filter;
 
-use InvalidArgumentException;
 use function array_merge;
 use function is_string;
 
@@ -29,10 +28,10 @@ class Filtration
     use FilteringTrait;
 
     /** @var array raw data */
-    private $_data;
+    private array $_data;
 
     /** @var array the rules is by setRules() */
-    private $_rules;
+    private array $_rules;
 
     /**
      * @param array $data
@@ -72,7 +71,6 @@ public function load(array $data): self
      * @param array $rules
      *
      * @return array
-     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      */
     public function filtering(array $rules = []): array
     {
@@ -86,7 +84,6 @@ public function filtering(array $rules = []): array
      * @param array $data
      *
      * @return array Return filtered data
-     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      */
     public function applyRules(array $rules = [], array $data = []): array
     {
@@ -122,12 +119,11 @@ public function applyRules(array $rules = [], array $data = []): array
      * value sanitize Filter the value directly
      *
      * @param mixed        $value
-     * @param string|array $filters
+     * @param array|string $filters
      *
      * @return mixed
-     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      */
-    public function sanitize($value, $filters)
+    public function sanitize(mixed $value, array|string $filters): mixed
     {
         return $this->valueFiltering($value, $filters);
     }
@@ -135,14 +131,13 @@ public function sanitize($value, $filters)
     /**
      * get a field value from {@see $data}
      *
-     * @param string|int   $field
-     * @param string|array $filters
-     * @param mixed        $default
+     * @param int|string $field
+     * @param array|string|null $filters
+     * @param mixed|null $default
      *
      * @return mixed
-     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      */
-    public function get($field, $filters = null, $default = null)
+    public function get(int|string $field, array|string $filters = null, mixed $default = null): mixed
     {
         if (!isset($this->_data[$field])) {
             return $default;
@@ -158,11 +153,11 @@ public function get($field, $filters = null, $default = null)
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param string|int $field
+     * @param int|string $field
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function has($field): bool
+    public function has(int|string $field): bool
     {
         return isset($this->_data[$field]);
     }
diff --git a/src/Filter/UserFilters.php b/src/Filter/UserFilters.php
index 21d452e..fac166f 100644
--- a/src/Filter/UserFilters.php
+++ b/src/Filter/UserFilters.php
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ final class UserFilters
     /**
      * @var array user custom filters
      */
-    private static $filters = [];
+    private static array $filters = [];
 
     /**
      * @param string $name
diff --git a/src/GlobalOption.php b/src/GlobalOption.php
index 0b90dfa..b0b320c 100644
--- a/src/GlobalOption.php
+++ b/src/GlobalOption.php
@@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ final class GlobalOption
      *
      * @var bool
      */
-    public static $prettifyName = true;
+    public static bool $prettifyName = true;
 }
diff --git a/src/Helper.php b/src/Helper.php
index 4dcf57b..dae18a6 100644
--- a/src/Helper.php
+++ b/src/Helper.php
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class Helper
      *
      * @link https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpd/httpd/trunk/docs/conf/mime.types
      */
-    public static $imgMimeTypes = [
+    public static array $imgMimeTypes = [
         'bmp'  => 'image/bmp',
         'gif'  => 'image/gif',
         'ief'  => 'image/ief',
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class Helper
     /**
      * @var array
      */
-    public static $imgMimeConstants = [
+    public static array $imgMimeConstants = [
         IMAGETYPE_GIF,
         IMAGETYPE_JPEG,
         IMAGETYPE_PNG,
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ class Helper
     ];
 
     /** @var string */
-    public static $fileValidators = '|file|image|mimeTypes|mimes|';
+    public static string $fileValidators = '|file|image|mimeTypes|mimes|';
 
     /**
      * @param string $ext
@@ -128,11 +128,11 @@ public static function getMimeType(string $file): string
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param int|string|array $val
+     * @param array|int|string $val
      *
      * @return int
      */
-    public static function length($val): int
+    public static function length(array|int|string $val): int
     {
         if (is_int($val)) {
             return $val;
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ public static function strlen(string $str, string $encoding = 'UTF-8'): int
      *
      * @return bool|int
      */
-    public static function strPos(string $str, $find, int $offset = 0, $encoding = 'UTF-8')
+    public static function strPos(string $str, string $find, int $offset = 0, string $encoding = 'UTF-8'): bool|int
     {
         if (function_exists('mb_strpos')) {
             return mb_strpos($str, $find, $offset, $encoding);
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ public static function strPos(string $str, $find, int $offset = 0, $encoding = '
      *
      * @return bool|int
      */
-    public static function strrpos(string $str, $find, int $offset = 0, string $encoding = 'utf-8')
+    public static function strrpos(string $str, string $find, int $offset = 0, string $encoding = 'utf-8'): bool|int
     {
         if (function_exists('mb_strrpos')) {
             return mb_strrpos($str, $find, $offset, $encoding);
@@ -210,11 +210,11 @@ public static function prettifyFieldName(string $field): string
 
     /**
      * @param string       $scene Current scene value
-     * @param string|array $ruleOn
+     * @param array|string $ruleOn
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function ruleIsAvailable(string $scene, $ruleOn): bool
+    public static function ruleIsAvailable(string $scene, array|string $ruleOn): bool
     {
         // - rule is not limit scene
         if (!$ruleOn) {
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ public static function ruleIsAvailable(string $scene, $ruleOn): bool
             return false;
         }
 
-        $scenes = is_string($ruleOn) ? Filters::explode($ruleOn) : (array)$ruleOn;
+        $scenes = is_string($ruleOn) ? Filters::explode($ruleOn) : $ruleOn;
 
         return in_array($scene, $scenes, true);
     }
@@ -236,13 +236,13 @@ public static function ruleIsAvailable(string $scene, $ruleOn): bool
     /**
      * getValueOfArray 支持以 '.' 分割进行子级值获取 eg: 'goods.apple'
      *
-     * @param array        $array
-     * @param array|string $key
-     * @param mixed        $default
+     * @param array $array
+     * @param array|string|null $key
+     * @param mixed|null $default
      *
      * @return mixed
      */
-    public static function getValueOfArray(array $array, $key, $default = null)
+    public static function getValueOfArray(array $array, array|string|null $key, mixed $default = null): mixed
     {
         if (null === $key) {
             return $array;
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ public static function getValueOfArray(array $array, $key, $default = null)
      * @return mixed
      * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      */
-    public static function call($cb, ...$args)
+    public static function call(mixed $cb, ...$args): mixed
     {
         if (is_string($cb)) {
             // className::method
@@ -305,13 +305,13 @@ public static function call($cb, ...$args)
      * - string Compare length
      * - array  Compare length
      *
-     * @param mixed  $val
-     * @param mixed  $expected
+     * @param int|string|array  $val
      * @param string $operator
+     * @param int|string|array  $expected
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function compareSize($val, string $operator, $expected): bool
+    public static function compareSize(int|string|array $val, string $operator, int|string|array $expected): bool
     {
         // type must be same
         if (gettype($val) !== gettype($expected)) {
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ public static function compareSize($val, string $operator, $expected): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function inArray($val, array $list): bool
+    public static function inArray(mixed $val, array $list): bool
     {
         if (!is_scalar($val)) {
             return false;
diff --git a/src/Locale/LocaleZhCN.php b/src/Locale/LocaleZhCN.php
index 0c5664a..1311e77 100644
--- a/src/Locale/LocaleZhCN.php
+++ b/src/Locale/LocaleZhCN.php
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class LocaleZhCN
      *
      * @var array
      */
-    public static $messages = [
+    public static array $messages = [
         // 'int' 'integer'
         'integer'    => [
             '{attr} 必须是整数!',
diff --git a/src/Simple/ValidData.php b/src/Simple/ValidData.php
index f4640ee..b4ae89c 100644
--- a/src/Simple/ValidData.php
+++ b/src/Simple/ValidData.php
@@ -26,18 +26,18 @@ class ValidData
     /**
      * @var array
      */
-    protected static $data = [];
+    protected static array $data = [];
 
     /**
      * @var int
      */
-    private static $throwCode = 404;
+    private static int $throwCode = 404;
 
     /**
      * @var string
      * @psalm-var class-string
      */
-    private static $throwClass = ValidateException::class;
+    private static string $throwClass = ValidateException::class;
 
     /**
      * @param array $data
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ public static function getArrayByJSON(string $field, int $min = null, int $max =
             throw self::newEx($field, 'must be valid JSON string');
         }
 
-        $arr = json_decode($val, true);
+        $arr = json_decode($val, true, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
         if (json_last_error() !== JSON_ERROR_NONE) {
             throw self::newEx($field, 'must be valid JSON string');
         }
diff --git a/src/Simple/ValidValue.php b/src/Simple/ValidValue.php
index bc943c9..55d08c1 100644
--- a/src/Simple/ValidValue.php
+++ b/src/Simple/ValidValue.php
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ class ValidValue
     /**
      * @var int
      */
-    private static $throwCode = 404;
+    private static int $throwCode = 404;
 
     /**
      * @var string
      */
-    private static $throwClass = InvalidArgumentException::class;
+    private static string $throwClass = InvalidArgumentException::class;
 
     /**
      * Validate and return valid string
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class ValidValue
      */
     public static function getString(string $value, ?int $min, ?int $max, array $opt = []): string
     {
-
+        return '';
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/Traits/ErrorMessageTrait.php b/src/Traits/ErrorMessageTrait.php
index a6ec885..97e612d 100644
--- a/src/Traits/ErrorMessageTrait.php
+++ b/src/Traits/ErrorMessageTrait.php
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 namespace Inhere\Validate\Traits;
 
-use Closure;
 use Inhere\Validate\Helper;
 use Inhere\Validate\Validator\GlobalMessage;
 use Inhere\Validate\Validators;
@@ -14,7 +13,6 @@
 use function is_array;
 use function is_int;
 use function is_string;
-use function strpos;
 use function strtr;
 
 /**
@@ -30,25 +28,26 @@ trait ErrorMessageTrait
      *
      * @var array
      */
-    private $_messages = [];
+    private array $_messages = [];
 
     /**
      * attribute field translate list
      *
      * @var array
      */
-    private $_translates = [];
+    private array $_translates = [];
 
     /**
      * Save all validation error messages
      *
+     *  [
+     *      ['name' => 'field', 'msg' => 'error Message1' ],
+     *      ['name' => 'field2', 'msg' => 'error Message2' ],
+     *  ]
+     *
      * @var array[]
-     * [
-     *     ['name' => 'field', 'msg' => 'error Message1' ],
-     *     ['name' => 'field2', 'msg' => 'error Message2' ],
-     * ]
      */
-    private $_errors = [];
+    private array $_errors = [];
 
     /**
      * Whether there is error stop validation 是否出现验证失败就立即停止验证
@@ -57,14 +56,14 @@ trait ErrorMessageTrait
      *
      * @var boolean
      */
-    private $_stopOnError = true;
+    private bool $_stopOnError = true;
 
     /**
      * Prettify field name on get error message
      *
      * @var bool
      */
-    private $_prettifyName = true;
+    private bool $_prettifyName = true;
 
     protected function prepareValidation(): void
     {
@@ -211,7 +210,7 @@ public function clearErrors(): void
      *
      * @return array|string
      */
-    public function firstError(bool $onlyMsg = true)
+    public function firstError(bool $onlyMsg = true): array|string
     {
         if (!$errors = $this->_errors) {
             return $onlyMsg ? '' : [];
@@ -228,7 +227,7 @@ public function firstError(bool $onlyMsg = true)
      *
      * @return array|string
      */
-    public function lastError(bool $onlyMsg = true)
+    public function lastError(bool $onlyMsg = true): array|string
     {
         if (!$errors = $this->_errors) {
             return $onlyMsg ? '' : [];
@@ -239,16 +238,15 @@ public function lastError(bool $onlyMsg = true)
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param bool|mixed|null $_stopOnError
+     * @param mixed|null $_stopOnError
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function setStopOnError($_stopOnError = null): self
+    public function setStopOnError(mixed $_stopOnError = null): static
     {
         if (null !== $_stopOnError) {
             $this->_stopOnError = (bool)$_stopOnError;
         }
-
         return $this;
     }
 
@@ -266,9 +264,9 @@ public function isStopOnError(): bool
 
     /**
      * @param string       $key
-     * @param string|array $message
+     * @param array|string $message
      */
-    public function setMessage(string $key, $message): void
+    public function setMessage(string $key, array|string $message): void
     {
         if ($key && $message) {
             $this->_messages[$key] = $message;
@@ -286,9 +284,9 @@ public function getMessages(): array
     /**
      * @param array $messages
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function setMessages(array $messages): self
+    public function setMessages(array $messages): static
     {
         foreach ($messages as $key => $value) {
             $this->setMessage($key, $value);
@@ -299,14 +297,14 @@ public function setMessages(array $messages): self
     /**
      * 各个验证器的提示消息
      *
-     * @param string|Closure    $validator 验证器
+     * @param callable|string $validator 验证器
      * @param string            $field
      * @param array             $args
-     * @param string|array|null $message   自定义提示消息
+     * @param array|string|null $message   自定义提示消息
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public function getMessage($validator, string $field, array $args = [], $message = null): string
+    public function getMessage(callable|string $validator, string $field, array $args = [], array|string $message = null): string
     {
         $rawName = is_string($validator) ? $validator : 'callback';
         $params  = [
@@ -318,17 +316,11 @@ public function getMessage($validator, string $field, array $args = [], $message
             $message = $this->findMessage($field, $rawName) ?: GlobalMessage::getDefault();
             // is array. It's defined multi error messages
         } elseif (is_array($message)) {
-            if (isset($message[$field])) {
-                $message = $message[$field];
-            } else {
-                $message = $message[$rawName] ?? $this->findMessage($field, $rawName);
-            }
+            $message = $message[$field] ?? $message[$rawName] ?? $this->findMessage($field, $rawName);
 
             if (!$message) { // use default
                 return strtr(GlobalMessage::getDefault(), $params);
             }
-        } else {
-            $message = (string)$message;
         }
 
         /** @see GlobalMessage::$messages['size'] */
@@ -337,12 +329,12 @@ public function getMessage($validator, string $field, array $args = [], $message
             $message = $message[$msgKey] ?? $message[0];
         }
 
-        if (false === strpos($message, '{')) {
+        if (!str_contains($message, '{')) {
             return $message;
         }
 
         foreach ($args as $key => $value) {
-            $key = is_int($key) ? "value{$key}" : $key;
+            $key = is_int($key) ? "value$key" : $key;
             // build params
             $params['{' . $key . '}'] = is_array($value) ? implode(',', $value) : $value;
         }
@@ -356,7 +348,7 @@ public function getMessage($validator, string $field, array $args = [], $message
      *
      * @return string|array
      */
-    protected function findMessage(string $field, string $rawName)
+    protected function findMessage(string $field, string $rawName): array|string
     {
         // allow define a message for a validator.
         // eg: 'username.required' => 'some message ...'
@@ -387,9 +379,9 @@ protected function findMessage(string $field, string $rawName)
      *
      * @param array $fieldTrans
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function setTranslates(array $fieldTrans): self
+    public function setTranslates(array $fieldTrans): static
     {
         return $this->addTranslates($fieldTrans);
     }
@@ -399,9 +391,9 @@ public function setTranslates(array $fieldTrans): self
      *
      * @param array $fieldTrans
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function addTranslates(array $fieldTrans): self
+    public function addTranslates(array $fieldTrans): static
     {
         foreach ($fieldTrans as $field => $tran) {
             $this->_translates[$field] = $tran;
diff --git a/src/Traits/MultipleRulesTrait.php b/src/Traits/MultipleRulesTrait.php
index 483607b..c363847 100644
--- a/src/Traits/MultipleRulesTrait.php
+++ b/src/Traits/MultipleRulesTrait.php
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ protected function collectRules(): ?Generator
     protected function parseRule(string $rule, array $row): array
     {
         $rule = trim($rule, ': ');
-        if (false === strpos($rule, ':')) {
+        if (!str_contains($rule, ':')) {
             $row[0] = $rule;
             return $row;
         }
diff --git a/src/Traits/ScopedValidatorsTrait.php b/src/Traits/ScopedValidatorsTrait.php
index a689ab3..a4d8b2c 100644
--- a/src/Traits/ScopedValidatorsTrait.php
+++ b/src/Traits/ScopedValidatorsTrait.php
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 use function is_object;
 use function is_string;
 use function method_exists;
-use function strpos;
 use function strrchr;
 use function strtolower;
 use function trim;
@@ -35,13 +34,13 @@
 trait ScopedValidatorsTrait
 {
     /** @var array user custom add's validators(current scope) */
-    protected $_validators = [];
+    protected array $_validators = [];
 
     /**
      * @see $_FILES
      * @var array[]
      */
-    private $uploadedFiles = [];
+    private array $uploadedFiles = [];
 
     /*******************************************************************************
      * custom validators
@@ -159,14 +158,14 @@ public function clearValidators(): void
      * The verification field must exist and the input data is not empty.
      *
      * @param string     $field
-     * @param null|mixed $value
+     * @param mixed|null $value
      *
      * @return bool
      * - True  field exists and value is not empty.
      * - False field not exists or value is empty.
      * @see Validators::isEmpty() 如何鉴定为空
      */
-    public function required(string $field, $value = null): bool
+    public function required(string $field, mixed $value = null): bool
     {
         if (null !== $value) {
             $val = $value;
@@ -185,17 +184,19 @@ public function required(string $field, $value = null): bool
     /**
      * 如果指定的另一个字段（ anotherField ）值等于任何一个 value 时，此字段为 必填 (refer laravel)
      *
+     * returns:
+     *  - TRUE  check successful
+     *  - FALSE check failed
+     *  - NULL  skip check the field
+     *
      * @param string       $field
      * @param mixed        $fieldVal
      * @param string       $anotherField
-     * @param array|string $values
+     * @param array|string|int $values
      *
      * @return bool|null
-     * - TRUE  check successful
-     * - FALSE check failed
-     * - NULL  skip check the field
      */
-    public function requiredIf(string $field, $fieldVal, string $anotherField, $values): ?bool
+    public function requiredIf(string $field, mixed $fieldVal, string $anotherField, array|string|int $values): ?bool
     {
         if (isset($this->data[$anotherField])) {
             $anotherVal = $this->data[$anotherField];
@@ -220,7 +221,7 @@ public function requiredIf(string $field, $fieldVal, string $anotherField, $valu
      * @return bool|null
      * @see requiredIf()
      */
-    public function requiredUnless(string $field, $fieldVal, string $anotherField, $values): ?bool
+    public function requiredUnless(string $field, mixed $fieldVal, string $anotherField, array|string $values): ?bool
     {
         if (isset($this->data[$anotherField])) {
             $anotherVal = $this->data[$anotherField];
@@ -244,7 +245,7 @@ public function requiredUnless(string $field, $fieldVal, string $anotherField, $
      * @return bool|null
      * @see requiredIf()
      */
-    public function requiredWith(string $field, $fieldVal, $fields): ?bool
+    public function requiredWith(string $field, mixed $fieldVal, array|string $fields): ?bool
     {
         foreach ((array)$fields as $name) {
             if ($this->required($name)) {
@@ -265,7 +266,7 @@ public function requiredWith(string $field, $fieldVal, $fields): ?bool
      * @return bool|null
      * @see requiredIf()
      */
-    public function requiredWithAll(string $field, $fieldVal, $fields): ?bool
+    public function requiredWithAll(string $field, mixed $fieldVal, array|string $fields): ?bool
     {
         $allHasValue = true;
 
@@ -289,7 +290,7 @@ public function requiredWithAll(string $field, $fieldVal, $fields): ?bool
      * @return bool|null
      * @see requiredIf()
      */
-    public function requiredWithout(string $field, $fieldVal, $fields): ?bool
+    public function requiredWithout(string $field, mixed $fieldVal, array|string $fields): ?bool
     {
         $allHasValue = true;
 
@@ -313,7 +314,7 @@ public function requiredWithout(string $field, $fieldVal, $fields): ?bool
      * @return bool|null
      * @see requiredIf()
      */
-    public function requiredWithoutAll(string $field, $fieldVal, $fields): ?bool
+    public function requiredWithoutAll(string $field, mixed $fieldVal, array|string $fields): ?bool
     {
         $allNoValue = true;
 
@@ -335,11 +336,11 @@ public function requiredWithoutAll(string $field, $fieldVal, $fields): ?bool
      * 验证的字段必须是成功上传的文件
      *
      * @param string       $field
-     * @param string|array $suffixes e.g ['jpg', 'jpeg', 'png', 'gif', 'bmp']
+     * @param array|string|null $suffixes e.g ['jpg', 'jpeg', 'png', 'gif', 'bmp']
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function fileValidator(string $field, $suffixes = null): bool
+    public function fileValidator(string $field, array|string $suffixes = null): bool
     {
         if (!$file = $this->uploadedFiles[$field] ?? null) {
             return false;
@@ -357,7 +358,7 @@ public function fileValidator(string $field, $suffixes = null): bool
             return false;
         }
 
-        $suffixes = is_string($suffixes) ? Filters::explode($suffixes) : (array)$suffixes;
+        $suffixes = is_string($suffixes) ? Filters::explode($suffixes) : $suffixes;
 
         return in_array(strtolower($suffix), $suffixes, true);
     }
@@ -366,11 +367,11 @@ public function fileValidator(string $field, $suffixes = null): bool
      * 验证的字段必须是成功上传的图片文件
      *
      * @param string       $field
-     * @param string|array $suffixes e.g ['jpg', 'jpeg', 'png', 'gif', 'bmp']
+     * @param array|string|null $suffixes e.g ['jpg', 'jpeg', 'png', 'gif', 'bmp']
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function imageValidator(string $field, $suffixes = null): bool
+    public function imageValidator(string $field, array|string $suffixes = null): bool
     {
         if (!$file = $this->uploadedFiles[$field] ?? null) {
             return false;
@@ -402,7 +403,7 @@ public function imageValidator(string $field, $suffixes = null): bool
             }
 
             $suffix   = Helper::getImageExtByMime($mime);
-            $suffixes = is_string($suffixes) ? Filters::explode($suffixes) : (array)$suffixes;
+            $suffixes = is_string($suffixes) ? Filters::explode($suffixes) : $suffixes;
 
             return in_array($suffix, $suffixes, true);
         }
@@ -415,11 +416,11 @@ public function imageValidator(string $field, $suffixes = null): bool
      * ['video', 'mimeTypes', 'video/avi,video/mpeg,video/quicktime']
      *
      * @param string       $field
-     * @param string|array $types
+     * @param array|string $types
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function mimeTypesValidator(string $field, $types): bool
+    public function mimeTypesValidator(string $field, array|string $types): bool
     {
         if (!$file = $this->uploadedFiles[$field] ?? null) {
             return false;
@@ -444,12 +445,12 @@ public function mimeTypesValidator(string $field, $types): bool
      * ['photo', 'mimes', 'jpeg,bmp,png']
      *
      * @param string       $field
-     * @param string|array $types
+     * @param array|string|null $types
      * return bool
      *
      * @todo
      */
-    public function mimesValidator(string $field, $types = null): void
+    public function mimesValidator(string $field, array|string $types = null): void
     {
     }
 
@@ -465,7 +466,7 @@ public function mimesValidator(string $field, $types = null): void
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function compareValidator($val, string $compareField): bool
+    public function compareValidator(mixed $val, string $compareField): bool
     {
         return $compareField && ($val === $this->getByPath($compareField));
     }
@@ -483,7 +484,7 @@ public function eqFieldValidator($val, string $compareField): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function neqFieldValidator($val, string $compareField): bool
+    public function neqFieldValidator(mixed $val, string $compareField): bool
     {
         return $compareField && ($val !== $this->getByPath($compareField));
     }
@@ -491,12 +492,12 @@ public function neqFieldValidator($val, string $compareField): bool
     /**
      * 字段值比较：当前字段值 要小于 给定字段的值
      *
-     * @param string|int $val
+     * @param int|string $val
      * @param string     $compareField
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function ltFieldValidator($val, string $compareField): bool
+    public function ltFieldValidator(int|string $val, string $compareField): bool
     {
         $maxVal = $this->getByPath($compareField);
 
@@ -510,12 +511,12 @@ public function ltFieldValidator($val, string $compareField): bool
     /**
      * 字段值比较：当前字段值 要小于等于 给定字段的值
      *
-     * @param string|int $val
+     * @param int|string $val
      * @param string     $compareField
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function lteFieldValidator($val, string $compareField): bool
+    public function lteFieldValidator(int|string $val, string $compareField): bool
     {
         $maxVal = $this->getByPath($compareField);
 
@@ -529,12 +530,12 @@ public function lteFieldValidator($val, string $compareField): bool
     /**
      * 字段值比较：当前字段值 要大于 给定字段的值
      *
-     * @param string|int $val
+     * @param int|string $val
      * @param string     $compareField
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function gtFieldValidator($val, string $compareField): bool
+    public function gtFieldValidator(int|string $val, string $compareField): bool
     {
         $minVal = $this->getByPath($compareField);
 
@@ -548,12 +549,12 @@ public function gtFieldValidator($val, string $compareField): bool
     /**
      * 字段值比较：当前字段值 要大于等于 给定字段的值
      *
-     * @param string|int $val
+     * @param int|string $val
      * @param string     $compareField
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function gteFieldValidator($val, string $compareField): bool
+    public function gteFieldValidator(int|string $val, string $compareField): bool
     {
         $minVal = $this->getByPath($compareField);
 
@@ -572,7 +573,7 @@ public function gteFieldValidator($val, string $compareField): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function inFieldValidator($val, string $anotherField): bool
+    public function inFieldValidator(mixed $val, string $anotherField): bool
     {
         if ($anotherField && $dict = $this->getByPath($anotherField)) {
             return Validators::in($val, $dict);
@@ -591,7 +592,7 @@ public function inFieldValidator($val, string $anotherField): bool
      *
      * @todo
      */
-    public function intervalDayValidator($val, string $compareField, int $expected, string $op = '>='): void
+    public function intervalDayValidator(string $val, string $compareField, int $expected, string $op = '>='): void
     {
     }
 
@@ -601,7 +602,7 @@ public function intervalDayValidator($val, string $compareField, int $expected,
      * `['goods.*', 'each', 'string']`
      *
      * @param array $values
-     * @param array ...$args
+     * @param mixed ...$args
      *  - string|\Closure $validator
      *  - ... args for $validator
      *
@@ -658,7 +659,7 @@ public function eachValidator(array $values, ...$args): bool
      */
     public static function isCheckFile(string $name): bool
     {
-        return false !== strpos(Helper::$fileValidators, '|' . $name . '|');
+        return str_contains(Helper::$fileValidators, '|' . $name . '|');
     }
 
     /**
@@ -670,8 +671,8 @@ public static function isCheckRequired(string $name, array $args = []): bool
     {
         // the $arg.0 is validator name.
         $name = $name === 'each' ? ((string)($args[0] ?? '')) : $name;
-        
-        return 0 === strpos($name, 'required');
+
+        return str_starts_with($name, 'required');
     }
 
     /**
@@ -695,11 +696,11 @@ public function getUploadedFiles(): array
     /**
      * @param array $uploadedFiles
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function setUploadedFiles($uploadedFiles): self
+    public function setUploadedFiles(array $uploadedFiles): static
     {
-        $this->uploadedFiles = (array)$uploadedFiles;
+        $this->uploadedFiles = $uploadedFiles;
         return $this;
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/ValidateException.php b/src/ValidateException.php
deleted file mode 100644
index 15c74b6..0000000
--- a/src/ValidateException.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-<?php declare(strict_types=1);
-
-namespace Inhere\Validate;
-
-/**
- * Class ValidateException
- *
- * @package Inhere\Validate
- * @deprecated please use Inhere\Validate\Exception\ValidateException
- */
-class ValidateException extends Exception\ValidateException
-{
-}
diff --git a/src/Validation.php b/src/Validation.php
index d74ba25..8238b35 100644
--- a/src/Validation.php
+++ b/src/Validation.php
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public function rules()
      *
      * @return mixed
      */
-    public function get(string $key, $value = null)
+    public function get(string $key, $value = null): mixed
     {
         return $this->traitGet($key, $value);
     }
diff --git a/src/ValidationInterface.php b/src/ValidationInterface.php
index b17d539..d87c657 100644
--- a/src/ValidationInterface.php
+++ b/src/ValidationInterface.php
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 <?php declare(strict_types=1);
 /**
  * @author inhere
- * @date   : 2015-08-11
+ * @date   2015-08-11
  */
 
 namespace Inhere\Validate;
 
-use stdClass;
-
 /**
  * Interface ValidationInterface
  *
@@ -42,7 +40,7 @@ public function translates(): array;
      *
      * @return static
      */
-    public function validate(array $onlyChecked = [], bool $stopOnError = null);
+    public function validate(array $onlyChecked = [], bool $stopOnError = null): static;
 
     /**
      * alias of the fail()
@@ -70,7 +68,7 @@ public function getErrors(string $field = ''): array;
      *
      * @return array|string
      */
-    public function firstError(bool $onlyMsg = true);
+    public function firstError(bool $onlyMsg = true): array|string;
 
     /**
      * Get the last error message
@@ -79,7 +77,7 @@ public function firstError(bool $onlyMsg = true);
      *
      * @return array|string
      */
-    public function lastError(bool $onlyMsg = true);
+    public function lastError(bool $onlyMsg = true): array|string;
 
     /**
      * @return array
@@ -89,7 +87,7 @@ public function getMessages(): array;
     /**
      * @param bool $asObject
      *
-     * @return array|stdClass
+     * @return array|object
      */
-    public function getSafeData(bool $asObject = false);
+    public function getSafeData(bool $asObject = false): object|array;
 }
diff --git a/src/ValidationTrait.php b/src/ValidationTrait.php
index e80a2c8..f0a2eae 100644
--- a/src/ValidationTrait.php
+++ b/src/ValidationTrait.php
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 use Inhere\Validate\Validator\UserValidators;
 use Inhere\Validate\Validator\ValidatorInterface;
 use InvalidArgumentException;
-use stdClass;
 use function array_keys;
 use function array_merge;
 use function array_shift;
@@ -48,28 +47,28 @@ trait ValidationTrait
     use FilteringTrait, ErrorMessageTrait, ScopedValidatorsTrait;
 
     /** @var array The rules are by setRules() */
-    private $_rules = [];
+    private array $_rules = [];
 
     /** @var array Through the validation of the data */
-    private $_safeData = [];
+    private array $_safeData = [];
 
     /** @var array The cached values. like get 'users.*.id' */
-    private $_dataCaches = [];
+    private array $_dataCaches = [];
 
     /** @var bool Mark validate has running */
-    private $_validated = false;
+    private bool $_validated = false;
 
-    /** @var Closure before validate handler */
-    private $_beforeHandler;
+    /** @var ?Closure before validate handler */
+    private ?Closure $_beforeHandler = null;
 
-    /** @var Closure after validate handler */
-    private $_afterHandler;
+    /** @var ?Closure  after validate handler */
+    private ?Closure $_afterHandler = null;
 
     /** @var array Used rules at current scene */
-    protected $_usedRules = [];
+    protected array $_usedRules = [];
 
-    /** @var ArrayValueNotExists */
-    private $_arrayNotKeyValue;
+    /** @var ?ArrayValueNotExists */
+    private ?ArrayValueNotExists $_arrayNotKeyValue = null;
 
     /**
      * Whether to skip when empty(When not required)
@@ -77,7 +76,7 @@ trait ValidationTrait
      *
      * @var bool
      */
-    private $_skipOnEmpty = true;
+    private bool $_skipOnEmpty = true;
 
     /**
      * Setting current scenario name
@@ -90,7 +89,7 @@ trait ValidationTrait
      *
      * @var string
      */
-    protected $scene = '';
+    protected string $scene = '';
 
     /**
      * @return array
@@ -147,9 +146,9 @@ public function scenarios(): array
      *
      * @param Closure $cb
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function onBeforeValidate(Closure $cb): self
+    public function onBeforeValidate(Closure $cb): static
     {
         $this->_beforeHandler = $cb;
         return $this;
@@ -171,9 +170,9 @@ public function beforeValidate(): bool
      *
      * @param Closure $cb
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function onAfterValidate(Closure $cb): self
+    public function onAfterValidate(Closure $cb): static
     {
         $this->_afterHandler = $cb;
         return $this;
@@ -197,10 +196,9 @@ public function afterValidate(): void
      * @param array     $onlyChecked You can set this field that needs verification
      * @param bool|null $stopOnError Stop verification if there is an error
      *
-     * @return $this
-     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function validate(array $onlyChecked = [], bool $stopOnError = null): self
+    public function validate(array $onlyChecked = [], bool $stopOnError = null): static
     {
         if (!property_exists($this, 'data')) {
             throw new InvalidArgumentException('Must be defined property "data"(array) in the sub-class used.');
@@ -250,14 +248,14 @@ public function validate(array $onlyChecked = [], bool $stopOnError = null): sel
     /**
      * apply validate rule for given fields
      *
-     * @param string|array $fields
+     * @param array|string $fields
      * @param array        $rule
      * @param array        $onlyChecked
      * @param bool         $stopOnError
      */
-    protected function applyRule($fields, array $rule, array $onlyChecked, bool $stopOnError): void
+    protected function applyRule(array|string $fields, array $rule, array $onlyChecked, bool $stopOnError): void
     {
-        $fields    = is_string($fields) ? Filters::explode($fields) : (array)$fields;
+        $fields    = is_string($fields) ? Filters::explode($fields) : $fields;
         $validator = array_shift($rule);
 
         // How to determine the property is empty(default use the Validators::isEmpty)
@@ -276,7 +274,7 @@ protected function applyRule($fields, array $rule, array $onlyChecked, bool $sto
         $skipOnEmpty = $rule['skipOnEmpty'] ?? $this->_skipOnEmpty;
 
         $filters  = $rule['filter'] ?? null;  // filter
-        $defMsg   = $rule['msg'] ?? null; // Custom error message
+        $defMsg   = $rule['msg'] ?? ''; // Custom error message
         $defValue = $rule['default'] ?? null; // Allow default
         $before   = $rule['before'] ?? null; // Before validate function
         $after    = $rule['after'] ?? null;  // After validate function
@@ -349,19 +347,21 @@ protected function applyRule($fields, array $rule, array $onlyChecked, bool $sto
     /**
      * field require/exists validate 字段存在检查
      *
+     * returns:
+     *  - TRUE  check successful
+     *  - FALSE check failed
+     *  - NULL  skip check(for `required*`)
+     *
      * @param string       $field     Attribute name
      * @param mixed        $value     Attribute value
      * @param string       $validator required* Validator name
      * @param array        $args      Verify the required parameters
-     * @param string|array $defMsg
+     * @param array|string $defMsg
      *
      * @return bool|null
-     * - TRUE  check successful
-     * - FALSE check failed
-     * - NULL  skip check(for `required*`)
      * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      */
-    protected function fieldValidate(string $field, $value, string $validator, array $args, $defMsg): ?bool
+    protected function fieldValidate(string $field, mixed $value, string $validator, array $args, array|string $defMsg): ?bool
     {
         // required check
         if ($validator === 'required') {
@@ -402,12 +402,12 @@ protected function fieldValidate(string $field, $value, string $validator, array
      * @param mixed                $value     Field value
      * @param Closure|string|mixed $validator Validator
      * @param array                $args      Arguments for validate
-     * @param string|array         $defMsg
+     * @param array|string $defMsg
      *
      * @return bool
      * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      */
-    protected function valueValidate(string $field, $value, $validator, array $args, $defMsg): bool
+    protected function valueValidate(string $field, mixed $value, mixed $validator, array $args, array|string $defMsg): bool
     {
         // if field don't exist.
         if (null === $value) {
@@ -470,11 +470,11 @@ protected function valueValidate(string $field, $value, $validator, array $args,
      * @param string $field
      * @param mixed  $value
      */
-    protected function collectSafeValue(string $field, $value): void
+    protected function collectSafeValue(string $field, mixed $value): void
     {
         // 进行的是子级属性检查 eg: 'goods.apple'
         if ($pos = strpos($field, '.')) {
-            $field = (string)substr($field, 0, $pos);
+            $field = substr($field, 0, $pos);
             $value = $this->getRaw($field, []);
         }
 
@@ -596,11 +596,11 @@ public function getSceneFields(): array
      *  支持以 '.' 分割进行子级值获取 eg: $this->get('goods.apple')
      *
      * @param string $key     The data key
-     * @param mixed  $default The default value
+     * @param mixed|null $default The default value
      *
      * @return mixed The key's value, or the default value
      */
-    public function getByPath(string $key, $default = null)
+    public function getByPath(string $key, mixed $default = null): mixed
     {
         if (isset($this->_dataCaches[$key])) {
             return $this->_dataCaches[$key];
@@ -623,12 +623,12 @@ public function getByPath(string $key, $default = null)
 
     /**
      * @param string     $path 'users.*.id' 'goods.*' 'foo.bar.*.id'
-     * @param null|mixed $default
+     * @param mixed|null $default
      * @param array      $data
      *
      * @return mixed
      */
-    protected function getByWildcard(string $path, $default = null, array $data = [])
+    protected function getByWildcard(string $path, mixed $default = null, array $data = []): mixed
     {
         $data = $data ?: $this->data;
 
@@ -709,9 +709,9 @@ public function getRules(): array
     /**
      * @param array $rules
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function setRules(array $rules): self
+    public function setRules(array $rules): static
     {
         $this->_rules = $rules;
         return $this;
@@ -736,9 +736,9 @@ public function getScene(): string
     /**
      * @param string $scene
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function atScene(string $scene): self
+    public function atScene(string $scene): static
     {
         $this->scene = trim($scene);
         return $this;
@@ -749,9 +749,9 @@ public function atScene(string $scene): self
      *
      * @param string $scene
      *
-     * @return $this|mixed
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function setScene(string $scene)
+    public function setScene(string $scene): static
     {
         return $this->atScene($scene);
     }
@@ -761,9 +761,9 @@ public function setScene(string $scene)
      *
      * @param string $scene
      *
-     * @return $this|mixed
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function onScene(string $scene)
+    public function onScene(string $scene): static
     {
         return $this->atScene($scene);
     }
@@ -771,9 +771,9 @@ public function onScene(string $scene)
     /**
      * @param bool $_skipOnEmpty
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function setSkipOnEmpty(bool $_skipOnEmpty): self
+    public function setSkipOnEmpty(bool $_skipOnEmpty): static
     {
         $this->_skipOnEmpty = $_skipOnEmpty;
         return $this;
@@ -805,22 +805,22 @@ public function has(string $key): bool
      * Get data item by key
      *
      * @param string $key     The data key
-     * @param mixed  $default The default value to return if data key does not exist
+     * @param mixed|null $default The default value to return if data key does not exist
      *
      * @return mixed The key's value, or the default value
      */
-    public function get(string $key, $default = null)
+    public function get(string $key, mixed $default = null): mixed
     {
         return $this->has($key) ? $this->data[$key] : $default;
     }
 
     /**
      * @param string $key
-     * @param null   $default
+     * @param mixed|null $default
      *
      * @return mixed
      */
-    public function getRaw(string $key, $default = null)
+    public function getRaw(string $key, mixed $default = null): mixed
     {
         return $this->has($key) ? $this->data[$key] : $default;
     }
@@ -831,9 +831,9 @@ public function getRaw(string $key, $default = null)
      * @param string $key   The data key
      * @param mixed  $value The data value
      *
-     * @return $this
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function setRaw(string $key, $value): self
+    public function setRaw(string $key, mixed $value): static
     {
         $this->data[$key] = $value;
         return $this;
@@ -843,11 +843,11 @@ public function setRaw(string $key, $value): self
      * alias of the setRow()
      *
      * @param string $key
-     * @param        $value
+     * @param mixed $value
      *
-     * @return $this|mixed
+     * @return static
      */
-    public function setValue(string $key, $value)
+    public function setValue(string $key, mixed $value): static
     {
         return $this->setRaw($key, $value);
     }
@@ -856,24 +856,11 @@ public function setValue(string $key, $value)
      * alias of the 'getSafe()'
      *
      * @param string $key
-     * @param mixed  $default
-     *
-     * @return mixed
-     */
-    public function val(string $key, $default = null)
-    {
-        return $this->getSafe($key, $default);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * alias of the 'getSafe()'
-     *
-     * @param string $key
-     * @param mixed  $default
+     * @param mixed|null $default
      *
      * @return mixed
      */
-    public function safe(string $key, $default = null)
+    public function val(string $key, mixed $default = null): mixed
     {
         return $this->getSafe($key, $default);
     }
@@ -882,11 +869,11 @@ public function safe(string $key, $default = null)
      * get safe field value
      *
      * @param string $key
-     * @param mixed  $default
+     * @param mixed|null $default
      *
      * @return mixed
      */
-    public function getSafe(string $key, $default = null)
+    public function getSafe(string $key, mixed $default = null): mixed
     {
         return $this->_safeData[$key] ?? $default;
     }
@@ -895,7 +882,7 @@ public function getSafe(string $key, $default = null)
      * @param string $key
      * @param mixed  $value
      */
-    public function setSafe(string $key, $value): void
+    public function setSafe(string $key, mixed $value): void
     {
         $this->_safeData[$key] = $value;
     }
@@ -903,19 +890,9 @@ public function setSafe(string $key, $value): void
     /**
      * @param bool $asObject
      *
-     * @return array|stdClass
-     */
-    public function safeData(bool $asObject = false)
-    {
-        return $this->getSafeData($asObject);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @param bool $asObject
-     *
-     * @return array|stdClass
+     * @return array|object
      */
-    public function getSafeData(bool $asObject = false)
+    public function getSafeData(bool $asObject = false): object|array
     {
         return $asObject ? (object)$this->_safeData : $this->_safeData;
     }
diff --git a/src/Validator/AbstractValidator.php b/src/Validator/AbstractValidator.php
index 823b1ab..addd534 100644
--- a/src/Validator/AbstractValidator.php
+++ b/src/Validator/AbstractValidator.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 /**
  * Class AbstractValidator
+ *
  * @package Inhere\Validate\Validator
  */
 abstract class AbstractValidator implements ValidatorInterface
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ abstract class AbstractValidator implements ValidatorInterface
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function __invoke($value, array $data): bool
+    public function __invoke(mixed $value, array $data): bool
     {
         return $this->validate($value, $data);
     }
diff --git a/src/Validator/GlobalMessage.php b/src/Validator/GlobalMessage.php
index 173b89a..4db1dd0 100644
--- a/src/Validator/GlobalMessage.php
+++ b/src/Validator/GlobalMessage.php
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ final class GlobalMessage
      *
      * @var array
      */
-    public static $messages = [
+    public static array $messages = [
         // 'int' 'integer'
         'integer'    => [
             '{attr} must be an integer!',
@@ -118,16 +118,16 @@ final class GlobalMessage
      *
      * @return string|array
      */
-    public static function get(string $key)
+    public static function get(string $key): array|string
     {
         return self::$messages[$key] ?? '';
     }
 
     /**
      * @param string       $key
-     * @param string|array $msg
+     * @param array|string $msg
      */
-    public static function set(string $key, $msg): void
+    public static function set(string $key, array|string $msg): void
     {
         if ($key && $msg) {
             self::$messages[$key] = $msg;
diff --git a/src/Validator/UserValidators.php b/src/Validator/UserValidators.php
index ee793a7..3fcdc6e 100644
--- a/src/Validator/UserValidators.php
+++ b/src/Validator/UserValidators.php
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ final class UserValidators
     /**
      * @var array user custom added validators (global)
      */
-    private static $validators = [];
+    private static array $validators = [];
 
     /**
      * add a custom validator
diff --git a/src/Validator/ValidatorInterface.php b/src/Validator/ValidatorInterface.php
index d35443f..65addab 100644
--- a/src/Validator/ValidatorInterface.php
+++ b/src/Validator/ValidatorInterface.php
@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ interface ValidatorInterface
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function validate($value, array $data): bool;
+    public function validate(mixed $value, array $data): bool;
 }
diff --git a/src/Validators.php b/src/Validators.php
index d6fab0b..f20ad97 100644
--- a/src/Validators.php
+++ b/src/Validators.php
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 
 use Inhere\Validate\Exception\ArrayValueNotExists;
 use Inhere\Validate\Traits\NameAliasTrait;
+use JsonException;
 use function array_diff;
 use function array_key_exists;
 use function array_keys;
@@ -34,7 +35,6 @@
 use function is_string;
 use function json_decode;
 use function json_last_error;
-use function method_exists;
 use function preg_match;
 use function stripos;
 use function strpos;
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class Validators
     /**
      * @var array
      */
-    private static $aliases = [
+    private static array $aliases = [
         // alias => real name.
         'int'         => 'integer',
         'num'         => 'number',
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class Validators
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function isEmpty($val): bool
+    public static function isEmpty(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (is_string($val)) {
             $val = trim($val);
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ public static function isEmpty($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function boolean($val): bool
+    public static function boolean(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!is_scalar($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public static function boolean($val): bool
      * @return bool
      * @see Validators::boolean()
      */
-    public static function bool($val): bool
+    public static function bool(mixed $val): bool
     {
         return self::boolean($val);
     }
@@ -186,18 +186,18 @@ public static function bool($val): bool
     /**
      * check value is float
      *
-     * @param mixed              $val       要验证的变量
-     * @param null|integer|float $min       最小值
-     * @param null|int|float     $max       最大值
+     * @param mixed $val 要验证的变量
+     * @param float|string|int|null $min 最小值
+     * @param string|float|int|null $max 最大值
      *                                      $options = [
      *                                      'default' => 'default value',
      *                                      'decimal' => 2
      *                                      ]
-     * @param int|mixed          $flags     FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_THOUSAND
+     * @param string|int $flags FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_THOUSAND
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function float($val, $min = null, $max = null, $flags = 0): bool
+    public static function float(mixed $val, float|string|int $min = null, string|float|int $max = null, string|int $flags = 0): bool
     {
         if (!is_numeric($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -239,10 +239,10 @@ public static function float($val, $min = null, $max = null, $flags = 0): bool
     /**
      * int 验证 (所有的最小、最大都是包含边界值的)
      *
-     * @param int|string      $val    要验证的变量
-     * @param null|int|string $min    最小值
-     * @param null|int|string $max    最大值
-     * @param int|string      $flags  标志
+     * @param mixed $val 要验证的变量
+     * @param int|string|null $min 最小值
+     * @param int|string|null $max 最大值
+     * @param int|string $flags 标志
      *                                FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_OCTAL - 允许八进制数值
      *                                FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_HEX - 允许十六进制数值
      *
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ public static function float($val, $min = null, $max = null, $flags = 0): bool
      *    // 'default' => 3, // value to return if the filter fails
      * ]
      */
-    public static function integer($val, $min = null, $max = null, $flags = 0): bool
+    public static function integer(mixed $val, int|string $min = null, int|string $max = null, int|string $flags = 0): bool
     {
         if (!is_numeric($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -290,15 +290,15 @@ public static function integer($val, $min = null, $max = null, $flags = 0): bool
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param int|mixed        $val
+     * @param int|mixed $val
      * @param int|numeric|null $min
      * @param int|numeric|null $max
-     * @param int|mixed        $flags
+     * @param string|int $flags
      *
      * @return bool
      * @see integer()
      */
-    public static function int($val, $min = null, $max = null, $flags = 0): bool
+    public static function int(mixed $val, float|int|string $min = null, float|int|string $max = null, string|int $flags = 0): bool
     {
         return self::integer($val, $min, $max, $flags);
     }
@@ -306,14 +306,14 @@ public static function int($val, $min = null, $max = null, $flags = 0): bool
     /**
      * check var is a integer and greater than 0
      *
-     * @param mixed                $val
-     * @param null|numeric|integer $min 最小值
-     * @param null|numeric|int     $max 最大值
-     * @param int|mixed            $flags
+     * @param mixed $val
+     * @param integer|numeric|null $min 最小值
+     * @param int|numeric|null $max 最大值
+     * @param string|int $flags
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function number($val, $min = null, $max = null, $flags = 0): bool
+    public static function number(mixed $val, float|int|string $min = null, float|int|string $max = null, string|int $flags = 0): bool
     {
         if (!is_numeric($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -327,15 +327,15 @@ public static function number($val, $min = null, $max = null, $flags = 0): bool
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param int|mixed        $val
+     * @param int|mixed $val
      * @param int|numeric|null $min
      * @param int|numeric|null $max
-     * @param int|mixed        $flags
+     * @param string|int $flags
      *
      * @return bool
      * @see number()
      */
-    public static function num($val, $min = null, $max = null, $flags = 0): bool
+    public static function num(mixed $val, float|int|string $min = null, float|int|string $max = null, string|int $flags = 0): bool
     {
         return self::number($val, $min, $max, $flags);
     }
@@ -343,13 +343,13 @@ public static function num($val, $min = null, $max = null, $flags = 0): bool
     /**
      * check val is a string
      *
-     * @param mixed            $val
-     * @param int|numeric      $minLen
-     * @param null|int|numeric $maxLen
+     * @param mixed $val
+     * @param int|numeric $minLen
+     * @param int|numeric|null $maxLen
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function string($val, $minLen = 0, $maxLen = null): bool
+    public static function string(mixed $val, float|int|string $minLen = 0, float|int|string $maxLen = null): bool
     {
         if (!is_string($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ public static function string($val, $minLen = 0, $maxLen = null): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function accepted($val): bool
+    public static function accepted(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!is_scalar($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ public static function accepted($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function alpha($val): bool
+    public static function alpha(mixed $val): bool
     {
         return is_string($val) && preg_match('/^(?:[a-zA-Z]+)$/', $val) === 1;
     }
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ public static function alpha($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function alphaNum($val): bool
+    public static function alphaNum(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!is_string($val) && !is_numeric($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ public static function alphaNum($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function alphaDash($val): bool
+    public static function alphaDash(float|int|string $val): bool
     {
         if (!is_string($val) && !is_numeric($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -443,28 +443,30 @@ public static function same($val, $expected): bool
     /**
      * Must be equal to the given value
      *
-     * @param mixed      $val
-     * @param mixed      $expected
-     * @param bool|mixed $strict
+     * @param mixed $val
+     * @param mixed $expected
+     * @param mixed|bool $strict
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function eq($val, $expected, $strict = true): bool
+    public static function eq(mixed $val, mixed $expected, mixed $strict = true): bool
     {
+        /** @noinspection TypeUnsafeComparisonInspection */
         return $strict ? $val === $expected : $val == $expected;
     }
 
     /**
      * Cannot be equal to a given value
      *
-     * @param mixed      $val
-     * @param mixed      $expected
-     * @param bool|mixed $strict
+     * @param mixed $val
+     * @param mixed $expected
+     * @param mixed $strict
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function neq($val, $expected, $strict = true): bool
+    public static function neq(mixed $val, mixed $expected, mixed $strict = true): bool
     {
+        /** @noinspection TypeUnsafeComparisonInspection */
         return $strict ? $val !== $expected : $val != $expected;
     }
 
@@ -477,7 +479,7 @@ public static function neq($val, $expected, $strict = true): bool
      * @return bool
      * @see Helper::compareSize()
      */
-    public static function gt($val, $expected): bool
+    public static function gt(mixed $val, mixed $expected): bool
     {
         return Helper::compareSize($val, '>', $expected);
     }
@@ -490,7 +492,7 @@ public static function gt($val, $expected): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function gte($val, $expected): bool
+    public static function gte(mixed $val, mixed $expected): bool
     {
         return Helper::compareSize($val, '>=', $expected);
     }
@@ -504,7 +506,7 @@ public static function gte($val, $expected): bool
      * @return bool
      * @see Helper::compareSize()
      */
-    public static function lt($val, $expected): bool
+    public static function lt(mixed $val, mixed $expected): bool
     {
         return Helper::compareSize($val, '<', $expected);
     }
@@ -517,7 +519,7 @@ public static function lt($val, $expected): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function lte($val, $expected): bool
+    public static function lte(mixed $val, mixed $expected): bool
     {
         return Helper::compareSize($val, '<=', $expected);
     }
@@ -525,12 +527,12 @@ public static function lte($val, $expected): bool
     /**
      * 最小值检查
      *
-     * @param int|string|array $val
-     * @param int|string       $minRange
+     * @param array|int|string $val
+     * @param int|string $minRange
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function min($val, $minRange): bool
+    public static function min(array|int|string $val, int|string $minRange): bool
     {
         return self::size($val, $minRange);
     }
@@ -538,12 +540,12 @@ public static function min($val, $minRange): bool
     /**
      * 最大值检查
      *
-     * @param int|string|array $val
-     * @param int|string       $maxRange
+     * @param array|int|string $val
+     * @param int|string $maxRange
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function max($val, $maxRange): bool
+    public static function max(array|int|string $val, int|string $maxRange): bool
     {
         return self::size($val, null, $maxRange);
     }
@@ -556,13 +558,13 @@ public static function max($val, $maxRange): bool
      * 范围检查
      * $min $max 即使传错位置也会自动调整
      *
-     * @param int|float|string|array $val 待检测的值。 数字检查数字范围； 字符串、数组则检查长度
-     * @param null|int|float|string  $min 最小值
-     * @param null|int|float|string  $max 最大值
+     * @param float|array|int|string $val 待检测的值。 数字检查数字范围； 字符串、数组则检查长度
+     * @param float|int|string|null $min 最小值
+     * @param float|int|string|null $max 最大值
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function size($val, $min = null, $max = null): bool
+    public static function size(float|array|int|string $val, float|int|string $min = null, float|int|string $max = null): bool
     {
         if (!is_numeric($val)) {
             if (is_string($val)) {
@@ -580,27 +582,27 @@ public static function size($val, $min = null, $max = null): bool
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param int|string|array|mixed $val
-     * @param int|string|null        $min
-     * @param int|string|null        $max
+     * @param float|array|int|string $val
+     * @param int|string|null $min
+     * @param int|string|null $max
      *
      * @return bool
      * @see Validators::size()
      */
-    public static function between($val, $min = null, $max = null): bool
+    public static function between(float|array|int|string $val, int|string $min = null, int|string $max = null): bool
     {
         return self::size($val, $min, $max);
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param int|string|array|mixed $val
-     * @param int|null               $min
-     * @param int|null               $max
+     * @param float|array|int|string $val
+     * @param int|string|null $min
+     * @param int|string|null $max
      *
      * @return bool
      * @see Validators::size()
      */
-    public static function range($val, $min = null, $max = null): bool
+    public static function range(float|array|int|string $val, int|string $min = null, int|string $max = null): bool
     {
         return self::size($val, $min, $max);
     }
@@ -608,13 +610,13 @@ public static function range($val, $min = null, $max = null): bool
     /**
      * 字符串/数组长度检查
      *
-     * @param string|array $val    字符串/数组
-     * @param int|numeric  $minLen 最小长度
-     * @param int|numeric  $maxLen 最大长度
+     * @param array|string $val 字符串/数组
+     * @param int|numeric $minLen 最小长度
+     * @param int|numeric|null $maxLen 最大长度
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function length($val, $minLen = 0, $maxLen = null): bool
+    public static function length(array|string $val, float|int|string $minLen = 0, float|int|string $maxLen = null): bool
     {
         if (!is_string($val) && !is_array($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -626,12 +628,12 @@ public static function length($val, $minLen = 0, $maxLen = null): bool
     /**
      * 固定的长度
      *
-     * @param mixed       $val
+     * @param mixed $val
      * @param int|numeric $size
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function fixedSize($val, $size): bool
+    public static function fixedSize(mixed $val, float|int|string $size): bool
     {
         if (!is_int($val)) {
             if (is_string($val)) {
@@ -647,23 +649,23 @@ public static function fixedSize($val, $size): bool
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param mixed       $val
+     * @param mixed $val
      * @param int|numeric $size
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function lengthEq($val, $size): bool
+    public static function lengthEq(mixed $val, float|int|string $size): bool
     {
         return self::fixedSize($val, $size);
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param mixed       $val
+     * @param mixed $val
      * @param int|numeric $size
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function sizeEq($val, $size): bool
+    public static function sizeEq(mixed $val, float|int|string $size): bool
     {
         return self::fixedSize($val, $size);
     }
@@ -675,12 +677,12 @@ public static function sizeEq($val, $size): bool
     /**
      * 值是否包含给的数据
      *
-     * @param string|mixed     $val
-     * @param int|string|array $needle
+     * @param string|mixed $val
+     * @param array|int|string $needle
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function contains($val, $needle): bool
+    public static function contains(mixed $val, array|int|string $needle): bool
     {
         if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -691,7 +693,7 @@ public static function contains($val, $needle): bool
         }
 
         if (is_array($needle)) {
-            foreach ((array)$needle as $item) {
+            foreach ($needle as $item) {
                 if (stripos($val, $item) !== false) {
                     return true;
                 }
@@ -704,13 +706,13 @@ public static function contains($val, $needle): bool
     /**
      * 用正则验证数据
      *
-     * @param string|numeric $val    要验证的数据
-     * @param string         $regexp 正则表达式 "/^M(.*)/"
-     * @param null           $default
+     * @param string|numeric $val 要验证的数据
+     * @param string $regexp 正则表达式 "/^M(.*)/"
+     * @param null $default
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function regexp($val, string $regexp, $default = null): bool
+    public static function regexp(float|int|string $val, string $regexp, $default = null): bool
     {
         $options = [
             'regexp' => $regexp
@@ -727,12 +729,12 @@ public static function regexp($val, string $regexp, $default = null): bool
      * alias of the 'regexp()'
      *
      * @param string|numeric $val
-     * @param string         $regexp
-     * @param null           $default
+     * @param string $regexp
+     * @param null $default
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function regex($val, string $regexp, $default = null): bool
+    public static function regex(float|int|string $val, string $regexp, $default = null): bool
     {
         return self::regexp($val, $regexp, $default);
     }
@@ -740,9 +742,9 @@ public static function regex($val, string $regexp, $default = null): bool
     /**
      * url地址验证
      *
-     * @param string|mixed $val     要验证的数据
-     * @param mixed        $default 设置验证失败时返回默认值
-     * @param int|numeric  $flags   标志
+     * @param string|mixed $val 要验证的数据
+     * @param mixed|null $default 设置验证失败时返回默认值
+     * @param int|numeric $flags 标志
      *                              FILTER_FLAG_SCHEME_REQUIRED - 要求 URL 是 RFC 兼容 URL（比如 http://example）
      *                              FILTER_FLAG_HOST_REQUIRED - 要求 URL 包含主机名（比如 http://www.example.com）
      *                              FILTER_FLAG_PATH_REQUIRED - 要求 URL 在域名后存在路径（比如 www.example.com/example1/test2/）
@@ -750,7 +752,7 @@ public static function regex($val, string $regexp, $default = null): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function url($val, $default = null, $flags = 0): bool
+    public static function url(mixed $val, mixed $default = null, float|int|string $flags = 0): bool
     {
         $settings = (int)$flags !== 0 ? ['flags' => (int)$flags] : [];
 
@@ -764,12 +766,12 @@ public static function url($val, $default = null, $flags = 0): bool
     /**
      * email 地址验证
      *
-     * @param string $val     要验证的数据
-     * @param mixed  $default 设置验证失败时返回默认值
+     * @param string $val 要验证的数据
+     * @param mixed|null $default 设置验证失败时返回默认值
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function email($val, $default = null): bool
+    public static function email(string $val, mixed $default = null): bool
     {
         $options = [];
 
@@ -783,9 +785,9 @@ public static function email($val, $default = null): bool
     /**
      * IP 地址验证
      *
-     * @param string|mixed $val     要验证的数据
-     * @param mixed        $default 设置验证失败时返回默认值
-     * @param int|numeric  $flags   标志
+     * @param string|mixed $val 要验证的数据
+     * @param mixed|null $default 设置验证失败时返回默认值
+     * @param int|numeric $flags 标志
      *                              FILTER_FLAG_IPV4 - 要求值是合法的 IPv4 IP（比如 255.255.255.255）
      *                              FILTER_FLAG_IPV6 - 要求值是合法的 IPv6 IP（比如 2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:1319:8a2e:0370:7334）
      *                              FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE - 要求值不在 RFC 指定的私有范围 IP 内（比如 192.168.0.1）
@@ -793,7 +795,7 @@ public static function email($val, $default = null): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function ip($val, $default = null, $flags = 0): bool
+    public static function ip(mixed $val, mixed $default = null, float|int|string $flags = 0): bool
     {
         if (!is_string($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -815,7 +817,7 @@ public static function ip($val, $default = null, $flags = 0): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function ipv4($val): bool
+    public static function ipv4(mixed $val): bool
     {
         return self::ip($val, false, FILTER_FLAG_IPV4);
     }
@@ -827,7 +829,7 @@ public static function ipv4($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function ipv6($val): bool
+    public static function ipv6(mixed $val): bool
     {
         return self::ip($val, false, FILTER_FLAG_IPV6);
     }
@@ -839,7 +841,7 @@ public static function ipv6($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function macAddress($input): bool
+    public static function macAddress(mixed $input): bool
     {
         if (!is_string($input) || !$input) {
             return false;
@@ -855,7 +857,7 @@ public static function macAddress($input): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function english($val): bool
+    public static function english(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -867,22 +869,14 @@ public static function english($val): bool
     /**
      * 验证字段值是否是一个有效的 JSON 字符串。
      *
-     * @param mixed      $val
-     * @param bool|mixed $strict
+     * @param mixed $val
+     * @param string|int|bool $strict
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function json($val, $strict = true): bool
+    public static function json(mixed $val, string|int|bool $strict = true): bool
     {
-        if (!$val) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        if (is_object($val) && method_exists($val, '__toString')) {
-            $val = (string)$val;
-        }
-
-        if (!is_string($val)) {
+        if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -891,7 +885,11 @@ public static function json($val, $strict = true): bool
             return false;
         }
 
-        json_decode($val, true);
+        try {
+            json_decode($val, true, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
+        } catch (JsonException $e) {
+            return false;
+        }
         return json_last_error() === JSON_ERROR_NONE;
     }
 
@@ -906,7 +904,7 @@ public static function json($val, $strict = true): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function isArray($val): bool
+    public static function isArray(mixed $val): bool
     {
         return is_array($val);
     }
@@ -918,7 +916,7 @@ public static function isArray($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function isMap($val): bool
+    public static function isMap(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!is_array($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -935,7 +933,7 @@ public static function isMap($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function isList($val): bool
+    public static function isList(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!is_array($val) || !isset($val[0])) {
             return false;
@@ -952,7 +950,7 @@ public static function isList($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function intList($val): bool
+    public static function intList(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!is_array($val) || !isset($val[0])) {
             return false;
@@ -981,7 +979,7 @@ public static function intList($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function numList($val): bool
+    public static function numList(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!is_array($val) || !isset($val[0])) {
             return false;
@@ -1010,7 +1008,7 @@ public static function numList($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function strList($val): bool
+    public static function strList(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!$val || !is_array($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -1039,7 +1037,7 @@ public static function strList($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function arrList($val): bool
+    public static function arrList(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!$val || !is_array($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -1055,12 +1053,12 @@ public static function arrList($val): bool
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param array|mixed      $val
-     * @param string|int|array $key
+     * @param array|mixed $val
+     * @param array|int|string $key
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function hasKey($val, $key): bool
+    public static function hasKey(mixed $val, array|int|string $key): bool
     {
         if (!$val || !is_array($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -1087,7 +1085,7 @@ public static function hasKey($val, $key): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function distinct($val): bool
+    public static function distinct(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!$val || !is_array($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -1097,44 +1095,44 @@ public static function distinct($val): bool
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param mixed        $val
+     * @param mixed $val
      * @param array|string $dict
-     * @param bool|mixed   $strict Use strict check, will check data type.
+     * @param bool|string|int $strict Use strict check, will check data type.
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function enum($val, $dict, $strict = false): bool
+    public static function enum(mixed $val, array|string $dict, bool|string|int $strict = false): bool
     {
         if (is_string($dict)) {
             // $dict = array_map('trim', explode(',', $dict));
             return false !== ($strict ? strpos($dict, (string)$val) : stripos($dict, (string)$val));
         }
 
-        return in_array($val, (array)$dict, $strict);
+        return in_array($val, $dict, $strict);
     }
 
     /**
      * alias of 'enum()'
      *
-     * @param mixed        $val
+     * @param mixed $val
      * @param array|string $dict
-     * @param bool|mixed   $strict
+     * @param bool|string|int $strict
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function in($val, $dict, $strict = false): bool
+    public static function in(mixed $val, array|string $dict, bool|string|int $strict = false): bool
     {
         return self::enum($val, $dict, $strict);
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param mixed        $val
+     * @param mixed $val
      * @param array|string $dict
-     * @param bool|mixed   $strict
+     * @param bool|string|int $strict
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function notIn($val, $dict, $strict = false): bool
+    public static function notIn(mixed $val, array|string $dict, bool|string|int $strict = false): bool
     {
         if (is_string($dict) && strpos($dict, ',')) {
             $dict = array_map('trim', explode(',', $dict));
@@ -1148,13 +1146,13 @@ public static function notIn($val, $dict, $strict = false): bool
      ******************************************************************************/
 
     /**
-     * @param mixed          $val
+     * @param mixed $val
      * @param string|numeric $start
-     * @param bool|mixed     $strict
+     * @param string|int|bool $strict
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function startWith($val, $start, $strict = true): bool
+    public static function startWith(mixed $val, float|int|string $start, string|int|bool $strict = true): bool
     {
         if (($start = (string)$start) === '') {
             return false;
@@ -1174,13 +1172,13 @@ public static function startWith($val, $start, $strict = true): bool
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param mixed          $val
+     * @param mixed $val
      * @param string|numeric $end
-     * @param bool|mixed     $strict
+     * @param string|int|bool $strict
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function endWith($val, $end, $strict = true): bool
+    public static function endWith(mixed $val, float|int|string $end, string|int|bool $strict = true): bool
     {
         $last = null;
         $end  = (string)$end;
@@ -1204,11 +1202,11 @@ public static function endWith($val, $end, $strict = true): bool
      * 校验字段值是否是日期格式
      *
      * @param string|mixed $val 日期
-     * @param bool|string  $sholdGt0
+     * @param bool|string $shouldGt0
      *
      * @return boolean
      */
-    public static function date($val, $sholdGt0 = false): bool
+    public static function date(mixed $val, bool|string $shouldGt0 = false): bool
     {
         if (!$val) {
             return false;
@@ -1217,7 +1215,7 @@ public static function date($val, $sholdGt0 = false): bool
         // strtotime 转换不对，日期格式显然不对
         $time = strtotime((string)$val);
 
-        return $sholdGt0 ? $sholdGt0 > 1 : $time !== false;
+        return $shouldGt0 ? $shouldGt0 > 1 : $time !== false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1228,24 +1226,24 @@ public static function date($val, $sholdGt0 = false): bool
      *
      * @return boolean
      */
-    public static function dateEquals($val, $date): bool
+    public static function dateEquals(mixed $val, mixed $date): bool
     {
         if (!$val || (!$time = strtotime((string)$val))) {
             return false;
         }
 
-        return $date ? $time === strtotime((string)$date) : false;
+        return $date && $time === strtotime((string)$date);
     }
 
     /**
      * 校验字段值是否是日期并且是否满足设定格式
      *
-     * @param string|mixed $val    日期
-     * @param string       $format 需要检验的格式数组
+     * @param string|mixed $val 日期
+     * @param string $format 需要检验的格式数组
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function dateFormat($val, string $format = 'Y-m-d'): bool
+    public static function dateFormat(mixed $val, string $format = 'Y-m-d'): bool
     {
         if (!$val || !($unixTime = strtotime($val))) {
             return false;
@@ -1258,13 +1256,13 @@ public static function dateFormat($val, string $format = 'Y-m-d'): bool
     /**
      * 字段值必须是给定日期之前的值
      *
-     * @param string|mixed   $val
+     * @param string|mixed $val
      * @param string|numeric $beforeDate 若为空，将使用当前时间
-     * @param string         $symbol     allow '<' '<='
+     * @param string $symbol allow '<' '<='
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function beforeDate($val, $beforeDate = '', string $symbol = '<'): bool
+    public static function beforeDate(mixed $val, float|int|string $beforeDate = '', string $symbol = '<'): bool
     {
         if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -1286,12 +1284,12 @@ public static function beforeDate($val, $beforeDate = '', string $symbol = '<'):
     /**
      * 字段值必须是小于或等于给定日期的值
      *
-     * @param string|mixed   $val
+     * @param string|mixed $val
      * @param string|numeric $beforeDate
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function beforeOrEqualDate($val, $beforeDate): bool
+    public static function beforeOrEqualDate(mixed $val, float|int|string $beforeDate): bool
     {
         return self::beforeDate($val, $beforeDate, '<=');
     }
@@ -1301,11 +1299,11 @@ public static function beforeOrEqualDate($val, $beforeDate): bool
      *
      * @param string|mixed $val
      * @param string|mixed $afterDate
-     * @param string       $symbol allow: '>' '>='
+     * @param string $symbol allow: '>' '>='
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function afterDate($val, $afterDate, string $symbol = '>'): bool
+    public static function afterDate(mixed $val, mixed $afterDate, string $symbol = '>'): bool
     {
         if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -1332,7 +1330,7 @@ public static function afterDate($val, $afterDate, string $symbol = '>'): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function afterOrEqualDate($val, $afterDate): bool
+    public static function afterOrEqualDate(mixed $val, mixed $afterDate): bool
     {
         return self::afterDate($val, $afterDate, '>=');
     }
@@ -1344,7 +1342,7 @@ public static function afterOrEqualDate($val, $afterDate): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function isDateFormat($date): bool
+    public static function isDateFormat(mixed $date): bool
     {
         if (!$date || !is_string($date)) {
             return false;
@@ -1360,7 +1358,7 @@ public static function isDateFormat($date): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function isDate($date): bool
+    public static function isDate(mixed $date): bool
     {
         if (!$date || !is_string($date)) {
             return false;
@@ -1382,7 +1380,7 @@ public static function isDate($date): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function phone($val): bool
+    public static function phone(mixed $val): bool
     {
         return 1 === preg_match('/^1[2-9]\d{9}$/', (string)$val);
     }
@@ -1397,9 +1395,9 @@ public static function phone($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function postCode($val): bool
+    public static function postCode(mixed $val): bool
     {
-        return $val && is_string($val) && preg_match('/^\d{6}$/', (string)$val);
+        return $val && is_string($val) && preg_match('/^\d{6}$/', $val);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1409,7 +1407,7 @@ public static function postCode($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function price($price): bool
+    public static function price(mixed $price): bool
     {
         return 1 === preg_match('/^[\d]{1,10}(\.[\d]{1,9})?$/', (string)$price);
     }
@@ -1421,7 +1419,7 @@ public static function price($price): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function negativePrice($price): bool
+    public static function negativePrice(mixed $price): bool
     {
         return 1 === preg_match('/^[-]?[\d]{1,10}(\.[\d]{1,9})?$/', (string)$price);
     }
@@ -1433,7 +1431,7 @@ public static function negativePrice($price): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function isFloat($float): bool
+    public static function isFloat(mixed $float): bool
     {
         if (!is_scalar($float)) {
             return false;
@@ -1447,7 +1445,7 @@ public static function isFloat($float): bool
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public static function isUnsignedFloat($float): bool
+    public static function isUnsignedFloat(mixed $float): bool
     {
         if (!is_scalar($float)) {
             return false;
@@ -1459,13 +1457,13 @@ public static function isUnsignedFloat($float): bool
     /**
      * Check for an integer validity
      *
-     * @param int $value Integer to validate
+     * @param int|float|string $value Integer to validate
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function isInt($value): bool
+    public static function isInt(int|float|string $value): bool
     {
-        return ((string)(int)$value === (string)$value || $value === false);
+        return (string)(int)$value === (string)$value;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1475,7 +1473,7 @@ public static function isInt($value): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function isUnsignedInt($value): bool
+    public static function isUnsignedInt(float|int|string $value): bool
     {
         return ((string)(int)$value === (string)$value && $value < 4294967296 && $value >= 0);
     }
@@ -1487,7 +1485,7 @@ public static function isUnsignedInt($value): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function md5($val): bool
+    public static function md5(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -1503,7 +1501,7 @@ public static function md5($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function sha1($val): bool
+    public static function sha1(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -1519,7 +1517,7 @@ public static function sha1($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function color($val): bool
+    public static function color(mixed $val): bool
     {
         if (!$val || !is_string($val)) {
             return false;
@@ -1535,7 +1533,7 @@ public static function color($val): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function absoluteUrl($url): bool
+    public static function absoluteUrl(mixed $url): bool
     {
         if (!$url || !is_string($url)) {
             return false;
@@ -1551,7 +1549,7 @@ public static function absoluteUrl($url): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function fileName($name): bool
+    public static function fileName(mixed $name): bool
     {
         if (!$name || !is_string($name)) {
             return false;
@@ -1567,7 +1565,7 @@ public static function fileName($name): bool
      *
      * @return bool Validity is ok or not
      */
-    public static function dirName($dir): bool
+    public static function dirName(mixed $dir): bool
     {
         if (!$dir || !is_string($dir)) {
             return false;
diff --git a/test/Example/DataModel.php b/test/Example/DataModel.php
index 49cd0df..4a6349c 100644
--- a/test/Example/DataModel.php
+++ b/test/Example/DataModel.php
@@ -11,23 +11,23 @@ class DataModel
 {
     use ValidationTrait;
 
-    protected $data = [];
+    protected array $data = [];
 
-    protected $db;
+    // protected $db;
 
     /**
      * @param array $data
      *
      * @return $this
      */
-    public function setData($data): self
+    public function setData(array $data): self
     {
         $this->data = $data;
 
         return $this;
     }
 
-    public function create()
+    public function create(): bool|int
     {
         if ($this->validate()->isFail()) {
             return false;
diff --git a/test/FieldValidationTest.php b/test/FieldValidationTest.php
index 7018a29..a7e5cc1 100644
--- a/test/FieldValidationTest.php
+++ b/test/FieldValidationTest.php
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  */
 class FieldValidationTest extends TestCase
 {
-    public $data = [
+    public array $data = [
         // 'userId' => 234,
         'userId'      => 'is not an integer',
         'tagId'       => '234535',
diff --git a/test/Filter/FiltersTest.php b/test/Filter/FiltersTest.php
index 7b228f3..7104d43 100644
--- a/test/Filter/FiltersTest.php
+++ b/test/Filter/FiltersTest.php
@@ -94,10 +94,10 @@ public function testStringFilter(): void
         $this->assertSame("O\'Reilly?", Filters::quotes("O'Reilly?"));
 
         // email
-        $this->assertSame('', Filters::email([]));
+        $this->assertSame('', Filters::email(''));
 
         // url
-        $this->assertSame('', Filters::url([]));
+        $this->assertSame('', Filters::url(''));
         $this->assertSame('abc/hi', Filters::url('abc/hi'));
 
         // unsafeRaw
@@ -159,24 +159,20 @@ public function testChangeCase(): void
         // ucfirst
         $this->assertSame('Abc', Filters::ucfirst('abc'));
         $this->assertSame('', Filters::ucfirst(''));
-        $this->assertSame('', Filters::ucfirst([]));
 
         // ucwords
         $this->assertSame('Hello World', Filters::ucwords('hello world'));
         $this->assertSame('', Filters::ucwords(''));
-        $this->assertSame('', Filters::ucwords([]));
 
         // snake case
         $this->assertSame('hello_world', Filters::snake('HelloWorld'));
         $this->assertSame('hello-world', Filters::snake('HelloWorld', '-'));
         $this->assertSame('', Filters::snake(''));
-        $this->assertSame('', Filters::snake([]));
 
         // camel case
         $this->assertSame('helloWorld', Filters::camel('hello_world'));
         $this->assertSame('HelloWorld', Filters::camel('hello_world', true));
         $this->assertSame('', Filters::camel(''));
-        $this->assertSame('', Filters::camel([]));
     }
 
     public function testTime(): void
diff --git a/test/Filter/FiltrationTest.php b/test/Filter/FiltrationTest.php
index 64b1fde..d1afca3 100644
--- a/test/Filter/FiltrationTest.php
+++ b/test/Filter/FiltrationTest.php
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
  */
 class FiltrationTest extends TestCase
 {
-    private $data = [
+    private array $data = [
         'name'    => ' tom ',
         'status'  => ' 23 ',
         'word'    => 'word',
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ public function testUserFilters(): void
         $fl = Filtration::make($this->data);
         $fl->clearFilters();
         $fl->addFilters([
-            'name1'   => function () {
+            'name1'   => static function () {
             },
             'newTrim' => function ($val) {
                 return trim($val);
             },
-            ''        => function () {
+            ''        => static function () {
             },
         ]);
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public function testUserFilters(): void
         $this->assertNotEmpty($fl->getFilter('newTrim'));
         $this->assertEmpty($fl->getFilter('name3'));
 
-        $fl->addFilter('new1', function () {
+        $fl->addFilter('new1', static function () {
         });
         $this->assertNotEmpty($fl->getFilter('new1'));
 
diff --git a/test/Filter/UserFiltersTest.php b/test/Filter/UserFiltersTest.php
index d6d0680..fdee052 100644
--- a/test/Filter/UserFiltersTest.php
+++ b/test/Filter/UserFiltersTest.php
@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ public function testBasic(): void
     {
         UserFilters::removeAll();
         UserFilters::setFilters([
-            'name1' => function () {
+            'name1' => static function () {
             },
-            'name2' => function () {
+            'name2' => static function () {
             },
-            ''      => function () {
+            ''      => static function () {
             },
         ]);
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public function testBasic(): void
         $this->assertNotEmpty(UserFilters::get('name2'));
         $this->assertEmpty(UserFilters::get('name3'));
 
-        UserFilters::add('new1', function () {
+        UserFilters::add('new1', static function () {
         });
         $this->assertTrue(UserFilters::has('new1'));
 
diff --git a/test/HelperTest.php b/test/HelperTest.php
index 740d250..6d88c58 100644
--- a/test/HelperTest.php
+++ b/test/HelperTest.php
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public function testCompareSize(): void
     {
         $this->assertTrue(Helper::compareSize(5, '>', 3));
 
-        $this->assertFalse(Helper::compareSize(true, '>', false));
+        // $this->assertFalse(Helper::compareSize(true, '>', false));
         $this->assertFalse(Helper::compareSize(5, 'invalid', 3));
     }
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public function testCall(): void
         $this->assertSame(34, Helper::call(Filters::class . '::integer', '34'));
 
         $callabled = new class {
-            public function __invoke($str)
+            public function __invoke($str): int
             {
                 return (int)$str;
             }
diff --git a/test/RuleValidationTest.php b/test/RuleValidationTest.php
index 528f176..8f981dc 100644
--- a/test/RuleValidationTest.php
+++ b/test/RuleValidationTest.php
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ public function testCollectRules(): void
         $this->assertCount(4, $v->getUsedRules());
     }
 
-    public $data = [
+    public array $data = [
         // 'userId' => 234,
         'userId'      => 'is not an integer',
         'tagId'       => '35',
diff --git a/test/Simple/ValidDataTest.php b/test/Simple/ValidDataTest.php
index e0a2d6b..cd8a9ae 100644
--- a/test/Simple/ValidDataTest.php
+++ b/test/Simple/ValidDataTest.php
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
  */
 class ValidDataTest extends BaseValidateTestCase
 {
-    public $testData = [
+    public array $testData = [
         'int'  => 23,
         'num'  => '23',
         'str'  => 'abc',
diff --git a/test/Traits/ErrorMessageTraitTest.php b/test/Traits/ErrorMessageTraitTest.php
index c29171a..99e0f04 100644
--- a/test/Traits/ErrorMessageTraitTest.php
+++ b/test/Traits/ErrorMessageTraitTest.php
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
  */
 class ErrorMessageTraitTest extends TestCase
 {
-    private $sampleDate = [
+    private array $sampleDate = [
         // 'userId' => 234,
         'userId'      => 'is not an integer',
         'tagId'       => '234535',
diff --git a/test/Traits/ScopedValidatorsTest.php b/test/Traits/ScopedValidatorsTest.php
index 66f5faf..4efadb5 100644
--- a/test/Traits/ScopedValidatorsTest.php
+++ b/test/Traits/ScopedValidatorsTest.php
@@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ public function testUserValidators(): void
         $v = Validation::make([]);
         $v->clearValidators();
         $v->addValidators([
-            'name1' => function () {
+            'name1' => static function () {
             },
-            'name2' => function () {
+            'name2' => static function () {
             },
-            ''      => function () {
+            ''      => static function () {
             },
         ]);
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public function testUserValidators(): void
         $this->assertNotEmpty($v->getValidator('name2'));
         $this->assertEmpty($v->getValidator('name3'));
 
-        $v->addValidator('name4', function () {
+        $v->addValidator('name4', static function () {
         });
         $this->assertNotEmpty($v->getValidator('name4'));
 
diff --git a/test/ValidationTraitTest.php b/test/ValidationTraitTest.php
index 2ba6efe..f8d3681 100644
--- a/test/ValidationTraitTest.php
+++ b/test/ValidationTraitTest.php
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public function testGetByPath(): void
     /**
      * @var \array[][] see PR https://github.com/inhere/php-validate/pull/19
      */
-    public $deepData = [
+    public array $deepData = [
         'companies' => [
             [
                 'name' => 'ms',
diff --git a/test/Validator/AdemoValidatorTest.php b/test/Validator/AdemoValidatorTest.php
index 1e31c5f..536b322 100644
--- a/test/Validator/AdemoValidatorTest.php
+++ b/test/Validator/AdemoValidatorTest.php
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class AdemoValidatorTest extends AbstractValidator
      *
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function validate($value, array $data): bool
+    public function validate(mixed $value, array $data): bool
     {
         return $value === 1;
     }
diff --git a/test/Validator/Rule.php b/test/Validator/Rule.php
index 6f7ce39..c8c9e02 100644
--- a/test/Validator/Rule.php
+++ b/test/Validator/Rule.php
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ final class Rule
     /**
      * @var string
      */
-    public $field;
+    public string $field;
 
     /**
      * validator name OR validator object
@@ -33,29 +33,29 @@ final class Rule
     /**
      * @var array
      */
-    public $params = [];
+    public array $params = [];
 
     /**
      * @var Closure
      */
-    public $when;
+    public Closure $when;
 
     /**
      * @var mixed
      */
-    public $value;
+    public mixed $value;
 
     /**
      * @var mixed
      */
-    public $default;
+    public mixed $default;
 
     /**
      * default error message
      *
      * @var mixed
      */
-    public $message;
+    public mixed $message;
 
     /**
      * check Empty
@@ -67,12 +67,12 @@ final class Rule
     /**
      * @var bool
      */
-    public $skipOnEmpty = true;
+    public bool $skipOnEmpty = true;
 
     /**
      * @var array|null
      */
-    public $filters;
+    public ?array $filters;
 
     public static function createByArray(array $config): void
     {
@@ -81,14 +81,14 @@ public static function createByArray(array $config): void
     /**
      * @param string         $field     属性名称
      * @param mixed          $value     属性值
-     * @param Closure|string $validator 验证器
+     * @param string|Closure $validator 验证器
      * @param array          $params    验证需要的参数
-     * @param string         $message   default error message
+     * @param string $message   default error message
      * @param mixed          $default   default value
      *
      * @return Rule
      */
-    public function init(string $field, $value, $validator, array $params, $message, $default): Rule
+    public function init(string $field, mixed $value, string|Closure $validator, array $params, string $message, mixed $default): Rule
     {
         $this->field     = $field;
         $this->value     = $value;
diff --git a/test/Validator/UserValidatorsTest.php b/test/Validator/UserValidatorsTest.php
index 5d45ed6..4f39ae7 100644
--- a/test/Validator/UserValidatorsTest.php
+++ b/test/Validator/UserValidatorsTest.php
@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ public function testBasic(): void
     {
         UserValidators::removeAll();
         UserValidators::setValidators([
-            'name1' => function () {
+            'name1' => static function () {
             },
-            'name2' => function () {
+            'name2' => static function () {
             },
-            ''      => function () {
+            ''      => static function () {
             },
         ]);
 
diff --git a/test/ValidatorsTest.php b/test/ValidatorsTest.php
index f36bdf2..ab04c54 100644
--- a/test/ValidatorsTest.php
+++ b/test/ValidatorsTest.php
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ public function testAlphaNum(): void
     public function testAlphaDash(): void
     {
         $this->assertFalse(Validators::alphaDash('='));
-        $this->assertFalse(Validators::alphaDash(null));
+        // $this->assertFalse(Validators::alphaDash(null));
         $this->assertFalse(Validators::alphaDash('test='));
 
         $this->assertTrue(Validators::alphaDash('sdf56-_'));
@@ -242,8 +242,8 @@ public function testValueCompare(): void
     public function testSize(): void
     {
         $this->assertFalse(Validators::size('test', 5));
-        $this->assertFalse(Validators::size(null, 5));
-        $this->assertFalse(Validators::range(new stdClass(), 5));
+        // $this->assertFalse(Validators::size(null, 5));
+        $this->assertFalse(Validators::range('test', 5));
         $this->assertFalse(Validators::between(56, 20, 50));
 
         $this->assertTrue(Validators::size(56, 20, 100));
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ public function testLength(): void
     {
         $this->assertFalse(Validators::length('test', 5));
         $this->assertFalse(Validators::length('test', 0, 3));
-        $this->assertFalse(Validators::length(56, 60));
+        // $this->assertFalse(Validators::length(56, 60));
 
         $this->assertTrue(Validators::length('test', 3, 5));
         $this->assertTrue(Validators::length([3, 'test', 'hi'], 2, 5));
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ public function testArrList(): void
     public function testHasKey(): void
     {
         $this->assertFalse(Validators::hasKey('hello, world', 'all'));
-        $this->assertFalse(Validators::hasKey('hello, world', true));
+        $this->assertFalse(Validators::hasKey('hello, world', 'not'));
         $this->assertFalse(Validators::hasKey(['a' => 'v0', 'b' => 'v1', 'c' => 'v2'], 'd'));
         $this->assertFalse(Validators::hasKey(['a' => 'v0', 'b' => 'v1', 'c' => 'v2'], ['c', 'd']));
 
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ public function testContains(): void
         $this->assertFalse(Validators::contains('hello, world', 'all'));
         $this->assertFalse(Validators::contains(null, 'all'));
         $this->assertFalse(Validators::contains([], 'all'));
-        $this->assertFalse(Validators::contains('hello, world', false));
+        // $this->assertFalse(Validators::contains('hello, world', false));
 
         $this->assertTrue(Validators::contains('123', 2));
         $this->assertTrue(Validators::contains('hello, world', 'llo'));
diff --git a/test/bootstrap.php b/test/bootstrap.php
index a91c0d7..b391d9f 100644
--- a/test/bootstrap.php
+++ b/test/bootstrap.php
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
     'Inhere\\ValidateTest\\' => $libDir . '/test/',
 ];
 
-spl_autoload_register(function ($class) use ($npMap) {
+spl_autoload_register(static function ($class) use ($npMap) {
     foreach ($npMap as $np => $dir) {
         $file = $dir . str_replace('\\', '/', substr($class, strlen($np))) . '.php';