Virtual patent marking crawler
The ongoing IPRoduct project seeks to link products to the patents upon which they are based by crawling the web and looking for virtual patent marking (VPM) pages.
The current version of this software reads the CommonCrawl archive and filters potential VPM pages. The first filter looks for pages with the "patent" keyword and at least a patent number based on a complex regular expression.
Another filter implements a classifier based keywords found on the page and url, number of (distinct) patent numbers (matched on the Patstat database or not) and some diversity indexes on matched patent applicants.
Some VPM pages use tables or other regular structures to describe the products and their patents. The project contains some preliminary work also to automatically detect this structure based on context-free grammars.
Other methods based based on natural language processing, conditional random fields and markov logic networks are being investigated, but there are not yet published in this repository. This includes both filtering VPM pages and extracting the product-patents correspondences.
Requirements: Install the follows tools
- Java JDK 8
- SBT >=0.13.12 (build tool for Scala)
- Apache Spark 2.0.2 Pre-built for Hadoop 2.7 (optional)
- IntelliJ with the Scala plugin (IDE, optional)
Get an input sample
Create a WARC archive using wget:
$ mkdir data
$ wget --directory-prefix=/tmp/wget_files/ --warc-file=data/sample --warc-max-size=500M --no-check-certificate --recursive --level=4 --reject gz,tar,zip,gif,js,css,ico,jpg,jpeg,png,tiff,mp3,mp4,mpg,mpeg,avi,rfa https://invue.com/ http://www.muellerwaterproducts.com/ https://www.sjm.com/ https://www.actifio.com/ http://www.ipc.com/
$ du -h data/sample.warc.gz
141M data/sample.warc.gz
$ gunzip -c data/sample.warc.gz | grep "WARC-Target-URI: h"
WARC-Target-URI: https://invue.com/
WARC-Target-URI: https://invue.com/robots.txt
WARC-Target-URI: https://invue.com/products/
WARC-Target-URI: https://invue.com/retail/
...
WARC-Target-URI: https://invue.com/patents/
...
WARC-Target-URI: http://www.muellerwaterproducts.com/
WARC-Target-URI: http://www.muellerwaterproducts.com/robots.txt
WARC-Target-URI: http://www.muellerwaterproducts.com/about-mueller-water-products
...
Build and run ExtractPatentNumbersFromWarc from the shell
$ sbt "runMain iproduct.ExtractPatentNumbersFromWarc --help"
Takes a web archive, and writes a text file with a line for each page with the url and patent numbers found.
(It filters the pages who have the patent keyword and at least one patent number)
Usage: ExtractPatentNumbersFromWarc [options]
--in <value> input warc.gz (file or folder)
--out <value> output
--patentKeywordPattern <value>
patentKeywordPattern. default=(?i)(patent|brevet|patent|patente|patent|brevetto|patente|octrooi|专利|專利|특허|特許)
--patentNumberRegex <value>
patentNumberRegex. default=(?<![^ :])((((U\.?S\.?|EP|GB|JP) ?)?((?i)(Patents?|Pat.?) )?((?i)(Numbers?|Nos?\.?) ?)?((D ?(# ?)?)|((# ?)?\d[,.']?))\d\d\d[,.']?\d\d\d([,.' ]?[A-Z]\d?)?)|((U\.?S\.? ?)?((?i)(Patents?|Pat.?) )?((?i)(Numbers?|Nos?\.?) ?)?RE ?\d\d[,.']?\d\d\d([,.' ]?[A-Z]\d?)?)|((JP ?)?((?i)(Patents?|Pat.?) )?((?i)(Numbers?|Nos?\.?) ?)?([HS] ?)?(\d{7,8}|\d{10})( ?[A-Z]\d?)?))(?=[,.';:()]?(?![^ ]))
--AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID <value>
--AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY <value>
--version
$ sbt -Dspark.master=local[*] "runMain iproduct.ExtractPatentNumbersFromWarc --in=./data/sample.warc.gz --out=/tmp/out"
...
$ cat /tmp/out/part-* | sort
http://www.ipc.com/node/292 7,904,056 8,767,942 EP1992094 EP2486721 GB1992094 8,290,138 8,363,572 8,570,853 GB2492511 8,189,566 U.S. Patent Nos. 8,363,572 8,599,834 8,570,853 8,594,278 8,767,942 GB2492511 GB2499155 EP2483796 EP2486721 U.S. Patent No. 8,832,304 U.S. Patent Nos. 8,805,714 9,208,502 GB2502015
http://www.ipc.com/patents 7,904,056 8,767,942 EP1992094 EP2486721 GB1992094 8,290,138 8,363,572 8,570,853 GB2492511 8,189,566 U.S. Patent Nos. 8,363,572 8,599,834 8,570,853 8,594,278 8,767,942 GB2492511 GB2499155 EP2483796 EP2486721 U.S. Patent No. 8,832,304 U.S. Patent Nos. 8,805,714 9,208,502 GB2502015
http://www.muellerwaterproducts.com/content/sewerage-water-board-new-orleans-non-invasively-locates-massive-leak-reduces-non-revenue 7,200,000
http://www.muellerwaterproducts.com/content/sewerage-water-board-new-orleans-non-invasively-locates-massive-leak-reduces-non-revenue 7,200,000
http://www.muellerwaterproducts.com/highlight/mueller-systems-gets-lighter 1,000,000
http://www.muellerwaterproducts.com/highlight/mueller-systems-gets-lighter 1,000,000
https://invue.com/contact/ 8900150
https://invue.com/contact/ 8900150
https://invue.com/patents/ U.S. Patent Nos. 5,861,807 6,027,277 7,740,214 7,629,895 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 7,710,266 7,564,351 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 5,861,807 7,740,214 7,629,895 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 7,710,266 8,558,414 8,847,759 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,111,428 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,402,486 9,466,192 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,740,214 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 7,710,266 8,558,414 8,845,356 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,133,649 9,135,800 D741,093 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 5,861,807 6,027,277 7,740,214 7,629,895 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 7,710,266 8,181,929 8,242,906 8,558,414 8,674,833 8,847,759 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,740,214 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,558,414 8,845,356 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,111,428 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,466,192 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,368,536 8,845,356 8,847,759 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,103,142 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,212,115 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,542,119 8,842,012 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 8,994,497 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,396,631 9,428,938 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 8,860,574 8,994,497 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,131,542 6,474,478 6,659,291 7,007,810 7,392,673 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,703,308 7,131,542 6,474,478 6,659,291 7,007,810 8,341,987 8,286,454 6,957,555 7,559,437 8,567,614 8,684,227 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 9,478,110 D771,056 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,212,115 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,969,305 7,710,266 D702,576 D705,104 8,845,356 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,000,920 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,212,115 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,845,356 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,111,428 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,466,192 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent No. 9,133,649 9,428,938 U.S. Patent No. 9,133,649 9,428,938 U.S. Patent No. 9,133,649 9,428,938 9,428,938 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,000,920 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,111,428 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,396,631 9,466,192 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,878,673 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,552,708 9,576,452 9,659,472 9,728,054 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,629,895 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 7,710,266 8,368,536 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,443,404 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 D793,779 9,747,765 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,629,895 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,368,536 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,443,404 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 D793,779 9,747,765 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472
https://invue.com/patents/ U.S. Patent Nos. 5,861,807 6,027,277 7,740,214 7,629,895 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 7,710,266 7,564,351 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 5,861,807 7,740,214 7,629,895 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 7,710,266 8,558,414 8,847,759 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,111,428 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,402,486 9,466,192 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,740,214 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 7,710,266 8,558,414 8,845,356 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,133,649 9,135,800 D741,093 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 5,861,807 6,027,277 7,740,214 7,629,895 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 7,710,266 8,181,929 8,242,906 8,558,414 8,674,833 8,847,759 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,740,214 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,558,414 8,845,356 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,111,428 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,466,192 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,368,536 8,845,356 8,847,759 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,103,142 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,212,115 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,542,119 8,842,012 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 8,994,497 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,396,631 9,428,938 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 8,860,574 8,994,497 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,131,542 6,474,478 6,659,291 7,007,810 7,392,673 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,703,308 7,131,542 6,474,478 6,659,291 7,007,810 8,341,987 8,286,454 6,957,555 7,559,437 8,567,614 8,684,227 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 9,478,110 D771,056 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,212,115 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,969,305 7,710,266 D702,576 D705,104 8,845,356 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,000,920 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,212,115 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,845,356 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,111,428 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,466,192 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent No. 9,133,649 9,428,938 U.S. Patent No. 9,133,649 9,428,938 U.S. Patent No. 9,133,649 9,428,938 9,428,938 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,000,920 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,111,428 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,396,631 9,466,192 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,878,673 8,884,762 8,890,691 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,552,708 9,576,452 9,659,472 9,728,054 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,629,895 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 7,710,266 8,368,536 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,443,404 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 D793,779 9,747,765 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,629,895 7,737,843 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,368,536 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,443,404 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472 D793,779 9,747,765 U.S. Patent Nos. 7,737,844 7,737,845 7,737,846 7,969,305 8,884,762 8,890,691 8,896,447 9,133,649 9,135,800 9,171,441 9,269,247 9,396,631 9,478,110 9,576,452 9,659,472
https://www.actifio.com/patents/ 8,299,944 8,396,905 8,402,004 8,417,674 8,688,650 8,843,489 8,874,863 8,904,126 9,244,967 9,251,198 9,372,758 9,372,866 9,384,207 9,384,254
...
We see that there are true-positives, such as patent number "5,861,807" from invue.com, and false-positives, such as patent number "7,200,000" at muellerwaterproducts.com. There are many way to improve this result: tunning the regular expression, classifying pages into VPM pages or not, applying other natural languages techniques...
Run ExtractPatentNumbersFromWarc on all the CommonCrawl dataset stored at Amazon S3
Create an account at Amazon EC2, and replace your own AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY.
$ sbt -Dspark.master=local[*] "runMain iproduct.ExtractPatentNumbersFromWarc
--AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=AKIAJ6RUSSNHLZWAAAAA --AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=4F+5K/7t5hWACZJWVwSY8ofO5Zu88XKRVNYAAAAA
--in="s3n://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-36/segments/1471982290442.1/warc/*"
--out=s3n://your-output-bucket/out
$ s3cmd get s3://your-output-bucket/out
Build and run from IntelliJ
IntelliJ -> Import project -> [find vpm-filter-spark/build.sbt]
All the errors should go away once IntelliJ automatically downloads all the dependencies (this takes a while).
The command "Run Application" does not work (see ticket), so use Run SBT Task as follows:
Menu -> Run -> Edit Configurations -> + -> SBT Task
Name: ExtractPatentNumbersFromWarc
Task: "runMain iproduct.ExtractPatentNumbersFromWarc --in=/data/www.ipc.com.warc.gz --out=/tmp/out"
VM Parameters. Add: -Dspark.master=local[*]
Menu -> Run -> Run ExtractPatentNumbersFromWarc
Assembly jar and run with spark-submit
# this builds target/scala-2.11/vpm-filter-spark-assembly-*-SNAPSHOT.jar
$ export SBT_OPTS="-Xmx2G"
$ sbt assembly
# launch the application using spark-submit
$ $SPARK_HOME/bin/spark-submit --driver-memory 6G --executor-memory 6G --class iproduct.ExtractPatentNumbersFromWarc --master local[*] target/scala-2.11/vpm-filter-spark-assembly-*-SNAPSHOT.jar --in=/data/www.ipc.com.warc.gz --out=/tmp/out
Run the ExtractPatentNumbersFromWarc Spark job on Amazon EC2
Read this tutorial.
Other tools: FilterArchivePatents
$ sbt "runMain iproduct.FilterArchivePatents --help"
Takes a web archive, filters the pages who have the patent keyword and at least one patent number, and writes an output web archive.
Usage: FilterArchivePatents [options]
--in <value> input warc.gz (file or folder)
--discardedDomainsFile <value>
file with a list of domain to discard
--outDir <value> output dir
--patentKeywordPattern <value>
patentKeywordPattern. default=(?i)(patent|brevet|patent|patente|patent|brevetto|patente|octrooi|专利|專利|특허|特許)
--patentNumberPattern <value>
patentNumberRegex. default=(?<![^ :])((((U\.?S\.?|EP|GB|JP) ?)?((?i)(Patents?|Pat.?) )?((?i)(Numbers?|Nos?\.?) ?)?((D ?(# ?)?)|((# ?)?\d[,.']?))\d\d\d[,.']?\d\d\d([,.' ]?[A-Z]\d?)?)|((U\.?S\.? ?)?((?i)(Patents?|Pat.?) )?((?i)(Numbers?|Nos?\.?) ?)?RE ?\d\d[,.']?\d\d\d([,.' ]?[A-Z]\d?)?)|((JP ?)?((?i)(Patents?|Pat.?) )?((?i)(Numbers?|Nos?\.?) ?)?([HS] ?)?(\d{7,8}|\d{10})( ?[A-Z]\d?)?))(?=[,.';:()]?(?![^ ]))
--AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID <value>
--AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY <value>
--help prints this usage text
$ sbt -Dspark.master=local[*] "runMain iproduct.FilterArchivePatents --in=/data/commoncrawl/warc/ --outDir=/tmp/filteted/"
Other tools: ExportPagesFromWarc
$ sbt "runMain iproduct.tools.ExportPagesFromWarc --help"
Export a file for each page in the Web Archive (WARC).
Usage: ExportPagesFromWarc [options]
--warc <value> input warc.gz (file or folder)
--sampleRate <value> takes a page only every x pages. If sampleRate = 1, it takes all files. If sampleRate = 100, it takes only one page every 100 pages.
--outDir <value> output dir
--help prints this usage text
$ sbt "runMain iproduct.tools.ExportPagesFromWarc --warc=./data/sample.warc.gz --sampleRate=100 --outDir=/tmp/out"
+++ warcfile: ./data/sample.warc.gz
+++ exporting: https://invue.com/ to /tmp/outC/https:\\invue.com\.html
+++ exporting: https://invue.com/tag/locked-cabinets/ to /tmp/outC/https:\\invue.com\tag\locked-cabinets\.html
+++ exporting: https://invue.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/L410_smart_lock.pdf to /tmp/outC/https:\\invue.com\wp-content\uploads\2017\03\L410_smart_lock.pdf.pdf
...
License
See the license file for license rights and limitations (GNU GPLv3).
Acknowledgments
We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the U.S. NSF (award number 1645264) and the European Patent Office. We are also grateful to CommonCrawl, EPFL-Scitas and CSCS teams for providing access to their infrastructure and support.