diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 5bf53aac5ced..8951b25c58ee 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 ### Features
 
+- `[jest-circus, jest-config, jest-runtime]` Add new `injectGlobals` config and CLI option to disable injecting global variables into the runtime ([#10484](https://github.com/facebook/jest/pull/10484))
+
 ### Fixes
 
 ### Chore & Maintenance
diff --git a/docs/CLI.md b/docs/CLI.md
index cb0c9c1b070e..099d31d15473 100644
--- a/docs/CLI.md
+++ b/docs/CLI.md
@@ -194,6 +194,22 @@ Show the help information, similar to this page.
 
 Generate a basic configuration file. Based on your project, Jest will ask you a few questions that will help to generate a `jest.config.js` file with a short description for each option.
 
+### `--injectGlobals`
+
+Insert Jest's globals (`expect`, `test`, `describe`, `beforeEach` etc.) into the global environment. If you set this to `false`, you should import from `@jest/globals`, e.g.
+
+```ts
+import {expect, jest, test} from '@jest/globals';
+
+jest.useFakeTimers();
+
+test('some test', () => {
+  expect(Date.now()).toBe(0);
+});
+```
+
+_Note: This option is only supported using `jest-circus`._
+
 ### `--json`
 
 Prints the test results in JSON. This mode will send all other test output and user messages to stderr.
diff --git a/docs/Configuration.md b/docs/Configuration.md
index 0a43c9b9412f..c1fbe728e023 100644
--- a/docs/Configuration.md
+++ b/docs/Configuration.md
@@ -444,6 +444,24 @@ _Note: A global teardown module configured in a project (using multi-project run
 
 _Note: The same caveat concerning transformation of `node_modules` as for `globalSetup` applies to `globalTeardown`._
 
+### `injectGlobals` [boolean]
+
+Default: `true`
+
+Insert Jest's globals (`expect`, `test`, `describe`, `beforeEach` etc.) into the global environment. If you set this to `false`, you should import from `@jest/globals`, e.g.
+
+```ts
+import {expect, jest, test} from '@jest/globals';
+
+jest.useFakeTimers();
+
+test('some test', () => {
+  expect(Date.now()).toBe(0);
+});
+```
+
+_Note: This option is only supported using `jest-circus`._
+
 ### `maxConcurrency` [number]
 
 Default: `5`
diff --git a/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/injectGlobals.test.ts.snap b/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/injectGlobals.test.ts.snap
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ca8a6fffa99b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/injectGlobals.test.ts.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// Jest Snapshot v1, https://goo.gl/fbAQLP
+
+exports[`globals are undefined if passed \`false\` from CLI 1`] = `
+PASS __tests__/test.js
+  ✓ no globals injected
+`;
+
+exports[`globals are undefined if passed \`false\` from CLI 2`] = `
+Test Suites: 1 passed, 1 total
+Tests:       1 passed, 1 total
+Snapshots:   0 total
+Time:        <<REPLACED>>
+Ran all test suites.
+`;
+
+exports[`globals are undefined if passed \`false\` from config 1`] = `
+PASS __tests__/test.js
+  ✓ no globals injected
+`;
+
+exports[`globals are undefined if passed \`false\` from config 2`] = `
+Test Suites: 1 passed, 1 total
+Tests:       1 passed, 1 total
+Snapshots:   0 total
+Time:        <<REPLACED>>
+Ran all test suites.
+`;
diff --git a/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/showConfig.test.ts.snap b/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/showConfig.test.ts.snap
index 77708ecfc22e..61f2d402cf2d 100644
--- a/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/showConfig.test.ts.snap
+++ b/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/showConfig.test.ts.snap
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ exports[`--showConfig outputs config info and exits 1`] = `
         "computeSha1": false,
         "throwOnModuleCollision": false
       },
+      "injectGlobals": true,
       "moduleDirectories": [
         "node_modules"
       ],
diff --git a/e2e/__tests__/injectGlobals.test.ts b/e2e/__tests__/injectGlobals.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..95f625250aaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/__tests__/injectGlobals.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+import * as path from 'path';
+import {tmpdir} from 'os';
+import {wrap} from 'jest-snapshot-serializer-raw';
+import {skipSuiteOnJasmine} from '@jest/test-utils';
+import {json as runJest} from '../runJest';
+import {
+  cleanup,
+  createEmptyPackage,
+  extractSummary,
+  writeFiles,
+} from '../Utils';
+
+const DIR = path.resolve(tmpdir(), 'injectGlobalVariables.test');
+const TEST_DIR = path.resolve(DIR, '__tests__');
+
+skipSuiteOnJasmine();
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  cleanup(DIR);
+  createEmptyPackage(DIR);
+
+  const content = `
+    const {expect: importedExpect, test: importedTest} = require('@jest/globals');
+
+    importedTest('no globals injected', () =>{
+      importedExpect(typeof expect).toBe('undefined');
+      importedExpect(typeof test).toBe('undefined');
+      importedExpect(typeof jest).toBe('undefined');
+      importedExpect(typeof beforeEach).toBe('undefined');
+    });
+  `;
+
+  writeFiles(TEST_DIR, {'test.js': content});
+});
+
+afterAll(() => cleanup(DIR));
+
+test.each`
+  configSource | args
+  ${'CLI'}     | ${['--inject-globals', 'false']}
+  ${'config'}  | ${['--config', JSON.stringify({injectGlobals: false})]}
+`('globals are undefined if passed `false` from $configSource', ({args}) => {
+  const {json, stderr, exitCode} = runJest(DIR, args);
+
+  const {summary, rest} = extractSummary(stderr);
+  expect(wrap(rest)).toMatchSnapshot();
+  expect(wrap(summary)).toMatchSnapshot();
+  expect(exitCode).toBe(0);
+  expect(json.numPassedTests).toBe(1);
+});
diff --git a/packages/jest-circus/src/legacy-code-todo-rewrite/jestAdapter.ts b/packages/jest-circus/src/legacy-code-todo-rewrite/jestAdapter.ts
index e666b2230434..5f07f2c09100 100644
--- a/packages/jest-circus/src/legacy-code-todo-rewrite/jestAdapter.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-circus/src/legacy-code-todo-rewrite/jestAdapter.ts
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ const jestAdapter = async (
     FRAMEWORK_INITIALIZER,
   );
 
-  runtime
+  const expect = runtime
     .requireInternalModule<typeof import('./jestExpect')>(EXPECT_INITIALIZER)
-    .default({expand: globalConfig.expand});
+    .default(globalConfig);
 
   const getPrettier = () =>
     config.prettierPath ? require(config.prettierPath) : null;
@@ -52,6 +52,14 @@ const jestAdapter = async (
     testPath,
   });
 
+  const runtimeGlobals = {expect, ...globals};
+  runtime.setGlobalsForRuntime(runtimeGlobals);
+
+  // TODO: `jest-circus` might be newer than `jest-config` - remove `??` for Jest 27
+  if (config.injectGlobals ?? true) {
+    Object.assign(environment.global, runtimeGlobals);
+  }
+
   if (config.timers === 'fake' || config.timers === 'legacy') {
     // during setup, this cannot be null (and it's fine to explode if it is)
     environment.fakeTimers!.useFakeTimers();
diff --git a/packages/jest-circus/src/legacy-code-todo-rewrite/jestAdapterInit.ts b/packages/jest-circus/src/legacy-code-todo-rewrite/jestAdapterInit.ts
index 7841fccd2e0c..bedd74bb922d 100644
--- a/packages/jest-circus/src/legacy-code-todo-rewrite/jestAdapterInit.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-circus/src/legacy-code-todo-rewrite/jestAdapterInit.ts
@@ -113,9 +113,6 @@ export const initialize = async ({
     return concurrent;
   })(globalsObject.test);
 
-  const nodeGlobal = global as Global.Global;
-  Object.assign(nodeGlobal, globalsObject);
-
   addEventHandler(eventHandler);
 
   if (environment.handleTestEvent) {
diff --git a/packages/jest-circus/src/legacy-code-todo-rewrite/jestExpect.ts b/packages/jest-circus/src/legacy-code-todo-rewrite/jestExpect.ts
index 064f1d800595..3b67860c255e 100644
--- a/packages/jest-circus/src/legacy-code-todo-rewrite/jestExpect.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-circus/src/legacy-code-todo-rewrite/jestExpect.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
  */
 
+import type {Config} from '@jest/types';
 import expect = require('expect');
 
 import {
@@ -15,8 +16,7 @@ import {
   toThrowErrorMatchingSnapshot,
 } from 'jest-snapshot';
 
-export default (config: {expand: boolean}): void => {
-  global.expect = expect;
+export default (config: Pick<Config.GlobalConfig, 'expand'>): typeof expect => {
   expect.setState({expand: config.expand});
   expect.extend({
     toMatchInlineSnapshot,
@@ -26,4 +26,6 @@ export default (config: {expand: boolean}): void => {
   });
 
   expect.addSnapshotSerializer = addSerializer;
+
+  return expect;
 };
diff --git a/packages/jest-cli/src/cli/args.ts b/packages/jest-cli/src/cli/args.ts
index f7018d51ab10..18b8088f2f32 100644
--- a/packages/jest-cli/src/cli/args.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-cli/src/cli/args.ts
@@ -320,6 +320,10 @@ export const options = {
     description: 'Generate a basic configuration file',
     type: 'boolean',
   },
+  injectGlobals: {
+    description: 'Should Jest inject global variables or not',
+    type: 'boolean',
+  },
   json: {
     default: undefined,
     description:
diff --git a/packages/jest-config/src/Defaults.ts b/packages/jest-config/src/Defaults.ts
index 8f496952ea0e..3ed8152dbd82 100644
--- a/packages/jest-config/src/Defaults.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-config/src/Defaults.ts
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ const defaultOptions: Config.DefaultOptions = {
     computeSha1: false,
     throwOnModuleCollision: false,
   },
+  injectGlobals: true,
   maxConcurrency: 5,
   maxWorkers: '50%',
   moduleDirectories: ['node_modules'],
diff --git a/packages/jest-config/src/ValidConfig.ts b/packages/jest-config/src/ValidConfig.ts
index 096416b383e8..c22337e0feaf 100644
--- a/packages/jest-config/src/ValidConfig.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-config/src/ValidConfig.ts
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ const initialOptions: Config.InitialOptions = {
     platforms: ['ios', 'android'],
     throwOnModuleCollision: false,
   },
+  injectGlobals: true,
   json: false,
   lastCommit: false,
   logHeapUsage: true,
diff --git a/packages/jest-config/src/index.ts b/packages/jest-config/src/index.ts
index abbbdeea68fa..c0cc2326a7ec 100644
--- a/packages/jest-config/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-config/src/index.ts
@@ -186,6 +186,7 @@ const groupOptions = (
     globalTeardown: options.globalTeardown,
     globals: options.globals,
     haste: options.haste,
+    injectGlobals: options.injectGlobals,
     moduleDirectories: options.moduleDirectories,
     moduleFileExtensions: options.moduleFileExtensions,
     moduleLoader: options.moduleLoader,
diff --git a/packages/jest-config/src/normalize.ts b/packages/jest-config/src/normalize.ts
index db26b8740ab2..d732abda33b0 100644
--- a/packages/jest-config/src/normalize.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-config/src/normalize.ts
@@ -885,6 +885,7 @@ export default function normalize(
       case 'findRelatedTests':
       case 'forceCoverageMatch':
       case 'forceExit':
+      case 'injectGlobals':
       case 'lastCommit':
       case 'listTests':
       case 'logHeapUsage':
diff --git a/packages/jest-environment/src/index.ts b/packages/jest-environment/src/index.ts
index 547afb313373..482a460ef879 100644
--- a/packages/jest-environment/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-environment/src/index.ts
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ export type ModuleWrapper = (
   __dirname: string,
   __filename: Module['filename'],
   global: Global.Global,
-  jest: Jest,
+  jest?: Jest,
   ...extraGlobals: Array<Global.Global[keyof Global.Global]>
 ) => unknown;
 
diff --git a/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts b/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts
index bedb854ee461..9853c3bb4476 100644
--- a/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts
@@ -179,6 +179,7 @@ class Runtime {
   private _virtualMocks: BooleanMap;
   private _moduleImplementation?: typeof nativeModule.Module;
   private jestObjectCaches: Map<string, Jest>;
+  private jestGlobals?: JestGlobals;
 
   constructor(
     config: Config.ProjectConfig,
@@ -1049,6 +1050,19 @@ class Runtime {
 
     this.jestObjectCaches.set(filename, jestObject);
 
+    const lastArgs: [Jest | undefined, ...Array<any>] = [
+      this._config.injectGlobals ? jestObject : undefined, // jest object
+      this._config.extraGlobals.map<unknown>(globalVariable => {
+        if (this._environment.global[globalVariable]) {
+          return this._environment.global[globalVariable];
+        }
+
+        throw new Error(
+          `You have requested '${globalVariable}' as a global variable, but it was not present. Please check your config or your global environment.`,
+        );
+      }),
+    ];
+
     try {
       compiledFunction.call(
         localModule.exports,
@@ -1058,16 +1072,7 @@ class Runtime {
         dirname, // __dirname
         filename, // __filename
         this._environment.global, // global object
-        jestObject, // jest object
-        ...this._config.extraGlobals.map(globalVariable => {
-          if (this._environment.global[globalVariable]) {
-            return this._environment.global[globalVariable];
-          }
-
-          throw new Error(
-            `You have requested '${globalVariable}' as a global variable, but it was not present. Please check your config or your global environment.`,
-          );
-        }),
+        ...lastArgs.filter(notEmpty),
       );
     } catch (error) {
       this.handleExecutionError(error, localModule);
@@ -1609,7 +1614,7 @@ class Runtime {
     );
   }
 
-  private constructInjectedModuleParameters() {
+  private constructInjectedModuleParameters(): Array<string> {
     return [
       'module',
       'exports',
@@ -1617,9 +1622,9 @@ class Runtime {
       '__dirname',
       '__filename',
       'global',
-      'jest',
+      this._config.injectGlobals ? 'jest' : undefined,
       ...this._config.extraGlobals,
-    ];
+    ].filter(notEmpty);
   }
 
   private handleExecutionError(e: Error, module: InitialModule): never {
@@ -1686,6 +1691,10 @@ class Runtime {
   }
 
   private getGlobalsFromEnvironment(): JestGlobals {
+    if (this.jestGlobals) {
+      return {...this.jestGlobals};
+    }
+
     return {
       afterAll: this._environment.global.afterAll,
       afterEach: this._environment.global.afterEach,
@@ -1714,6 +1723,10 @@ class Runtime {
 
     return source;
   }
+
+  setGlobalsForRuntime(globals: JestGlobals): void {
+    this.jestGlobals = globals;
+  }
 }
 
 function invariant(condition: unknown, message?: string): asserts condition {
@@ -1722,4 +1735,8 @@ function invariant(condition: unknown, message?: string): asserts condition {
   }
 }
 
+function notEmpty<T>(value: T | null | undefined): value is T {
+  return value !== null && value !== undefined;
+}
+
 export = Runtime;
diff --git a/packages/jest-types/src/Config.ts b/packages/jest-types/src/Config.ts
index 45cbd05a8c38..bfae5927dd3a 100644
--- a/packages/jest-types/src/Config.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-types/src/Config.ts
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ export type DefaultOptions = {
   forceCoverageMatch: Array<Glob>;
   globals: ConfigGlobals;
   haste: HasteConfig;
+  injectGlobals: boolean;
   maxConcurrency: number;
   maxWorkers: number | string;
   moduleDirectories: Array<string>;
@@ -144,6 +145,7 @@ export type InitialOptions = Partial<{
   globalSetup: string | null | undefined;
   globalTeardown: string | null | undefined;
   haste: HasteConfig;
+  injectGlobals: boolean;
   reporters: Array<string | ReporterConfig>;
   logHeapUsage: boolean;
   lastCommit: boolean;
@@ -329,6 +331,7 @@ export type ProjectConfig = {
   globalTeardown?: string;
   globals: ConfigGlobals;
   haste: HasteConfig;
+  injectGlobals: boolean;
   moduleDirectories: Array<string>;
   moduleFileExtensions: Array<string>;
   moduleLoader?: Path;
@@ -399,6 +402,7 @@ export type Argv = Arguments<
     globalTeardown: string | null | undefined;
     haste: string;
     init: boolean;
+    injectGlobals: boolean;
     json: boolean;
     lastCommit: boolean;
     logHeapUsage: boolean;