diff --git a/conan/tools/cmake/presets.py b/conan/tools/cmake/presets.py
index c6fd71bd851..aa98be59c22 100644
--- a/conan/tools/cmake/presets.py
+++ b/conan/tools/cmake/presets.py
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def generate(conanfile, toolchain_file, generator, cache_variables, preset_prefi
 
         if "BUILD_TESTING" not in cache_variables:
             if conanfile.conf.get("tools.build:skip_test", check_type=bool):
-                cache_variables["BUILD_TESTING"] = "OFF"
+                cache_variables["BUILD_TESTING"] = {"value": "OFF", "type": "BOOL"}
 
         preset_path = os.path.join(conanfile.generators_folder, "CMakePresets.json")
         multiconfig = is_multi_configuration(generator)
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ def _configure_preset(conanfile, generator, cache_variables, toolchain_file, mul
         if preset_prefix:
             name = f"{preset_prefix}-{name}"
         if not multiconfig and build_type:
-            cache_variables["CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE"] = build_type
+            cache_variables["CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE"] = {"value": build_type, "type": "STRING"}
         ret = {
             "name": name,
             "displayName": "'{}' config".format(name),
@@ -158,12 +158,22 @@ def _configure_preset(conanfile, generator, cache_variables, toolchain_file, mul
             ret["binaryDir"] = conanfile.build_folder
 
         def _format_val(val):
-            return f'"{val}"' if type(val) == str and " " in val else f"{val}"
+            return f'"{val}"' if isinstance(val, str) and " " in val else f"{val}"
+
+        def _format_var(var, value_or_dict):
+            type_str = ""
+            if isinstance(value_or_dict, dict):
+                value = value_or_dict["value"]
+                type_str = f":{value_or_dict['type']}"
+            else:
+                value = value_or_dict
+
+            return f"-D{var}{type_str}={_format_val(value)}"
 
         # https://github.com/conan-io/conan/pull/12034#issuecomment-1253776285
         cache_variables_info = " ".join(
-            [f"-D{var}={_format_val(value)}" for var, value in cache_variables.items()])
-        add_toolchain_cache = f"-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE={toolchain_file} " \
+            [_format_var(var, value) for var, value in cache_variables.items()])
+        add_toolchain_cache = f"-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE:FILEPATH={toolchain_file} " \
             if "CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE" not in cache_variables_info else ""
 
         try:
diff --git a/conan/tools/cmake/toolchain/toolchain.py b/conan/tools/cmake/toolchain/toolchain.py
index 8391f93790c..4313495bb42 100644
--- a/conan/tools/cmake/toolchain/toolchain.py
+++ b/conan/tools/cmake/toolchain/toolchain.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import os
+from pathlib import Path
 import textwrap
 from collections import OrderedDict
 
@@ -240,14 +241,21 @@ def generate(self):
         cache_variables = {}
         for name, value in self.cache_variables.items():
             if isinstance(value, bool):
-                cache_variables[name] = "ON" if value else "OFF"
+                cache_variables[name] = {"value": "ON" if value else "OFF", "type": "BOOL"}
+            elif isinstance(value, Path):
+                cache_variables[name] = {
+                    "value": str(value),
+                    "type": "FILEPATH" if value.is_file() else 'PATH'
+                }
+            elif isinstance(value, str):
+                cache_variables[name] = {"value": value, "type": "STRING"}
             elif isinstance(value, _PackageOption):
                 if str(value).lower() in ["true", "false", "none"]:
-                    cache_variables[name] = "ON" if bool(value) else "OFF"
+                    cache_variables[name] = {"value": "ON" if bool(value) else "OFF", "type": "BOOL"}
                 elif str(value).isdigit():
                     cache_variables[name] = int(value)
                 else:
-                    cache_variables[name] = str(value)
+                    cache_variables[name] = {"value": str(value), "type": "STRING"}
             else:
                 cache_variables[name] = value