diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index d223d2129..7be66ff86 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -33,18 +33,17 @@ this zero-dependency package will provide a browser-compatible version of the is
 - reduce index.js file-size
 - none
 
-#### change since 83638749
-- npm publish 2016.10.2
-- add es6-syntax support and test
+#### change since da229b32
+- npm publish 2016.10.3
+- add env-variable npm_config_mode_coverage_append to allow appending coverage to previous reports
+- change behavior of $npm_config_mode_coverage=all to cover all files
 - none
 
 #### this package requires
 - darwin or linux os
 
 #### additional info
-- this version does not support es6-module-syntax
-- this version does not support es7-syntax or higher
-- this version does not support typescript-syntax
+- this version supports most es6-syntax (except for es6-modules)
 - istanbul code derived from https://github.com/gotwarlost/istanbul/tree/v0.2.16
 
 
@@ -265,7 +264,7 @@ textarea[readonly] {\n\
 <body>\n\
     <h1>\n\
 <!-- utility2-comment\n\
-        <div id="ajaxProgressDiv1" style="background: #d00; border: 0; height: 2px; left: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: fixed; top: 0; transition: background 0.5s, width 1.5s; width: 25%;"></div>\n\
+        <div id="ajaxProgressDiv1" style="background: #d00; height: 2px; left: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: fixed; top: 0; transition: background 0.5s, width 1.5s; width: 25%;"></div>\n\
         <a\n\
             {{#if envDict.npm_package_homepage}}\n\
             href="{{envDict.npm_package_homepage}}"\n\
@@ -437,7 +436,7 @@ export npm_config_mode_auto_restart=1 && \
 utility2 shRun shIstanbulCover test.js",
         "test": "export PORT=$(utility2 shServerPortRandom) && utility2 test test.js"
     },
-    "version": "2016.10.2"
+    "version": "2016.10.3"
 }
 ```
 
diff --git a/index.js b/index.js
index a961e5cf0..30d476942 100755
--- a/index.js
+++ b/index.js
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
-/* istanbul instrument in package all */
 /* istanbul instrument in package istanbul-lite */
 /*jslint
     bitwise: true,
@@ -50,6 +49,44 @@
         // init local properties
         local['./package.json'] = {};
         local.codeDict = local.codeDict || {};
+        local.coverageMerge = function (coverage1, coverage2) {
+        /*
+         * this function will merge coverage2 into coverage1
+         */
+            var dict1, dict2;
+            coverage1 = coverage1 || {};
+            coverage2 = coverage2 || {};
+            Object.keys(coverage2).forEach(function (file) {
+                // if file is undefined in coverage1, then add it
+                if (!coverage1[file]) {
+                    coverage1[file] = coverage2[file];
+                    return;
+                }
+                // merge file from coverage2 into coverage1
+                ['b', 'f', 's'].forEach(function (key) {
+                    dict1 = coverage1[file][key];
+                    dict2 = coverage2[file][key];
+                    switch (key) {
+                    // increment coverage for branch lines
+                    case 'b':
+                        Object.keys(dict2).forEach(function (key) {
+                            dict2[key].forEach(function (count, ii) {
+                                dict1[key][ii] += count;
+                            });
+                        });
+                        break;
+                    // increment coverage for function and statement lines
+                    case 'f':
+                    case 's':
+                        Object.keys(dict2).forEach(function (key) {
+                            dict1[key] += dict2[key];
+                        });
+                        break;
+                    }
+                });
+            });
+            return coverage1;
+        };
         local.coverageReportCreate = function (options) {
         /*
          * this function will
@@ -64,6 +101,18 @@
             options.dir = process.cwd() + '/tmp/build/coverage.html';
             options.sourceStore = {};
             options.writer = local.writerCreate(options);
+            // merge previous coverage
+            if (local.modeJs === 'node' && process.env.npm_config_mode_coverage_append) {
+                try {
+                    local.coverageMerge(
+                        options.coverage,
+                        JSON.parse(
+                            local._fs.readFileSync(options.dir + '/coverage.json', 'utf8')
+                        )
+                    );
+                } catch (ignore) {
+                }
+            }
             // 1. print coverage in text-format to stdout
             if (local.modeJs === 'node') {
                 new local.TextReport(options).writeReport(options.collector);
@@ -72,23 +121,29 @@
             new local.HtmlReport(options).writeReport(options.collector);
             options.writer.writeFile('', nop);
             // write coverage-summary.json
-            local.fsWriteFileWithMkdirpSync(options.dir +
-                '/coverage-summary.json', JSON.stringify(local.coverageReportSummary));
+            local.fsWriteFileWithMkdirpSync(
+                options.dir + '/coverage-summary.json',
+                JSON.stringify(local.coverageReportSummary)
+            );
             // write coverage.json
-            local.fsWriteFileWithMkdirpSync(options.dir +
-                '/coverage.json', JSON.stringify(options.coverage));
+            local.fsWriteFileWithMkdirpSync(
+                options.dir + '/coverage.json',
+                JSON.stringify(options.coverage)
+            );
             // write coverage.badge.svg
             options.pct = local.coverageReportSummary.root.metrics.lines.pct;
-            local.fsWriteFileWithMkdirpSync(local.path.dirname(options.dir) +
-                '/coverage.badge.svg', local.templateCoverageBadgeSvg
-                // edit coverage badge percent
-                .replace((/100.0/g), options.pct)
-                // edit coverage badge color
-                .replace(
-                    (/0d0/g),
-                    ('0' + Math.round((100 - options.pct) * 2.21).toString(16)).slice(-2) +
-                        ('0' + Math.round(options.pct * 2.21).toString(16)).slice(-2) + '00'
-                ));
+            local.fsWriteFileWithMkdirpSync(
+                local.path.dirname(options.dir) + '/coverage.badge.svg',
+                local.templateCoverageBadgeSvg
+                    // edit coverage badge percent
+                    .replace((/100.0/g), options.pct)
+                    // edit coverage badge color
+                    .replace(
+                        (/0d0/g),
+                        ('0' + Math.round((100 - options.pct) * 2.21).toString(16)).slice(-2) +
+                            ('0' + Math.round(options.pct * 2.21).toString(16)).slice(-2) + '00'
+                    )
+            );
             console.log('created coverage file://' + options.dir + '/index.html');
             // 3. return coverage in html-format as a single document
             if (local.modeJs === 'browser' && document.querySelector('.istanbulCoverageDiv')) {
@@ -166,8 +221,9 @@
          * exists in the code
          */
             return process.env.npm_config_mode_coverage && (
+                process.env.npm_config_mode_coverage === 'all' ||
                 code.indexOf('/* istanbul instrument in package ' +
-                    process.env.npm_package_name + ' */') >= 0 ||
+                        process.env.npm_package_name + ' */') >= 0 ||
                     code.indexOf('/* istanbul instrument in package ' +
                         process.env.npm_config_mode_coverage + ' */') >= 0
             )
@@ -219,6 +275,7 @@
     case 'node':
         // require modules
         local._fs = local.require2('fs');
+        local.module = require('module');
         local.path = local.require2('path');
         // init exports
         module.exports = module['./lib.istanbul.js'] = local;
@@ -1311,7 +1368,6 @@ local.templateCoverageBadgeSvg =
                 }
                 process.env.npm_config_mode_coverage = process.env.npm_config_mode_coverage ||
                     process.env.npm_package_name || 'all';
-                local.module = require('module');
                 // add coverage hook to require
                 local._moduleExtensionsJs = local.module._extensions['.js'];
                 local.module._extensions['.js'] = function (module, file) {
@@ -1334,6 +1390,7 @@ local.templateCoverageBadgeSvg =
                 process.on('exit', function () {
                     local.coverageReportCreate({ coverage: local.global.__coverage__ });
                 });
+                // re-run cli
                 local.module.runMain();
                 break;
             // instrument a file and print result to stdout
@@ -1344,6 +1401,20 @@ local.templateCoverageBadgeSvg =
                     process.argv[3]
                 ));
                 break;
+            // cover a node command only when npm_config_mode_coverage is set
+            case 'test':
+                if (process.env.npm_config_mode_coverage) {
+                    process.argv[2] = 'cover';
+                    // re-run cli
+                    local.cliRun(options);
+                    return;
+                }
+                // init process.argv
+                process.argv.splice(1, 2);
+                process.argv[1] = local.path.resolve(process.cwd(), process.argv[1]);
+                // re-run cli
+                local.module.runMain();
+                break;
             }
         };
         local.cliRun();
diff --git a/lib.example.es6.js b/lib.example.es6.js
index 49ee7cd44..11ffe983d 100644
--- a/lib.example.es6.js
+++ b/lib.example.es6.js
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* istanbul instrument in package all */
 /* istanbul instrument in package istanbul-lite */
 /* jslint-ignore-begin */
 // https://raw.githubusercontent.com/lukehoban/es6features/9354b8f68f26bf1931d05251c7d4411808669c97/README.md
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index f66501613..2c371f662 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -31,5 +31,5 @@
 
         "test": "export PORT=$(utility2 shServerPortRandom) && utility2 test test.js"
     },
-    "version": "2016.10.2"
+    "version": "2016.10.3"
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test.js b/test.js
index 80c6f1ab9..87daee12c 100644
--- a/test.js
+++ b/test.js
@@ -66,7 +66,9 @@
          */
             local.utility2.testMock([
                 // suppress console.log
-                [console, { log: local.utility2.nop }]
+                [console, { log: local.utility2.nop }],
+                // test $npm_config_mode_coverage_append handling-behavior
+                [local.utility2.envDict, { npm_config_mode_coverage_append: '1' }]
             ], function (onError) {
                 /*jslint evil: true*/
                 // test no coverage handling-behavior
@@ -262,6 +264,53 @@
             options.onNext();
         };
 
+        local.testCase_coverageMerge_default = function (options, onError) {
+        /*
+         * this function will test coverageMerge's default handling-behavior
+         */
+            options = {};
+            options.data = local.utility2.istanbulInstrumentSync(
+                '(function () {\nreturn arg ' +
+                    '? __coverage__ ' +
+                    ': __coverage__;\n}());',
+                'test'
+            );
+            local.utility2.arg = 0;
+            // test null-case handling-behavior
+            options.coverage1 = null;
+            options.coverage2 = null;
+            local.istanbul.coverageMerge(options.coverage1, options.coverage2);
+            // validate merged options.coverage1
+            local.utility2.assertJsonEqual(options.coverage1, null);
+            // init options.coverage1
+            options.coverage1 = local.vm.runInNewContext(options.data, { arg: 0 });
+/* jslint-ignore-begin */
+// validate options.coverage1
+local.utility2.assertJsonEqual(options.coverage1,
+{"/test":{"b":{"1":[0,1]},"branchMap":{"1":{"line":2,"locations":[{"end":{"column":25,"line":2},"start":{"column":13,"line":2}},{"end":{"column":40,"line":2},"start":{"column":28,"line":2}}],"type":"cond-expr"}},"code":["(function () {","return arg ? __coverage__ : __coverage__;","}());"],"f":{"1":1},"fnMap":{"1":{"line":1,"loc":{"end":{"column":13,"line":1},"start":{"column":1,"line":1}},"name":"(anonymous_1)"}},"path":"/test","s":{"1":1,"2":1},"statementMap":{"1":{"end":{"column":5,"line":3},"start":{"column":0,"line":1}},"2":{"end":{"column":41,"line":2},"start":{"column":0,"line":2}}}}}
+);
+// test merge-create handling-behavior
+options.coverage1 = local.istanbul.coverageMerge({}, options.coverage1);
+// validate options.coverage1
+local.utility2.assertJsonEqual(options.coverage1,
+{"/test":{"b":{"1":[0,1]},"branchMap":{"1":{"line":2,"locations":[{"end":{"column":25,"line":2},"start":{"column":13,"line":2}},{"end":{"column":40,"line":2},"start":{"column":28,"line":2}}],"type":"cond-expr"}},"code":["(function () {","return arg ? __coverage__ : __coverage__;","}());"],"f":{"1":1},"fnMap":{"1":{"line":1,"loc":{"end":{"column":13,"line":1},"start":{"column":1,"line":1}},"name":"(anonymous_1)"}},"path":"/test","s":{"1":1,"2":1},"statementMap":{"1":{"end":{"column":5,"line":3},"start":{"column":0,"line":1}},"2":{"end":{"column":41,"line":2},"start":{"column":0,"line":2}}}}}
+);
+// init options.coverage2
+options.coverage2 = local.vm.runInNewContext(options.data, { arg: 1 });
+// validate options.coverage2
+local.utility2.assertJsonEqual(options.coverage2,
+{"/test":{"b":{"1":[1,0]},"branchMap":{"1":{"line":2,"locations":[{"end":{"column":25,"line":2},"start":{"column":13,"line":2}},{"end":{"column":40,"line":2},"start":{"column":28,"line":2}}],"type":"cond-expr"}},"code":["(function () {","return arg ? __coverage__ : __coverage__;","}());"],"f":{"1":1},"fnMap":{"1":{"line":1,"loc":{"end":{"column":13,"line":1},"start":{"column":1,"line":1}},"name":"(anonymous_1)"}},"path":"/test","s":{"1":1,"2":1},"statementMap":{"1":{"end":{"column":5,"line":3},"start":{"column":0,"line":1}},"2":{"end":{"column":41,"line":2},"start":{"column":0,"line":2}}}}}
+);
+// test merge-update handling-behavior
+local.istanbul.coverageMerge(options.coverage1, options.coverage2);
+// validate merged options.coverage1
+local.utility2.assertJsonEqual(options.coverage1,
+{"/test":{"b":{"1":[1,1]},"branchMap":{"1":{"line":2,"locations":[{"end":{"column":25,"line":2},"start":{"column":13,"line":2}},{"end":{"column":40,"line":2},"start":{"column":28,"line":2}}],"type":"cond-expr"}},"code":["(function () {","return arg ? __coverage__ : __coverage__;","}());"],"f":{"1":2},"fnMap":{"1":{"line":1,"loc":{"end":{"column":13,"line":1},"start":{"column":1,"line":1}},"name":"(anonymous_1)"}},"path":"/test","s":{"1":2,"2":2},"statementMap":{"1":{"end":{"column":5,"line":3},"start":{"column":0,"line":1}},"2":{"end":{"column":41,"line":2},"start":{"column":0,"line":2}}}}}
+);
+/* jslint-ignore-end */
+            onError();
+        };
+
         local.testCase_webpage_default = function (options, onError) {
         /*
          * this function will test the webpage's default handling-behavior
