diff --git a/src/bin/www.ts b/src/bin/www.ts
index 252438c..f89f0c0 100755
--- a/src/bin/www.ts
+++ b/src/bin/www.ts
@@ -4,22 +4,23 @@
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var app = require("../app");
-var debug = require("debug")("sample:server");
-var http = require("http");
+import app from "../app";
+import * as http from "http";
+import * as debugModule from "debug";
+var debug = debugModule.debug("quick-start-express-typescript:server");
 
 /**
  * Get port from environment and store in Express.
  */
 
-var port = normalizePort(process.env.PORT || "3000");
+const port = normalizePort(process.env.PORT || "3000");
 app.set("port", port);
 
 /**
  * Create HTTP server.
  */
 
-var server = http.createServer(app);
+const server = http.createServer(app);
 
 /**
  * Listen on provided port, on all network interfaces.
@@ -33,17 +34,17 @@ server.on("listening", onListening);
  * Normalize a port into a number, string, or false.
  */
 
-function normalizePort(val) {
-  var port = parseInt(val, 10);
+function normalizePort(val: string): number | string | boolean {
+  const nport = parseInt(val, 10);
 
-  if (isNaN(port)) {
+  if (isNaN(nport)) {
     // named pipe
     return val;
   }
 
-  if (port >= 0) {
+  if (nport >= 0) {
     // port number
-    return port;
+    return nport;
   }
 
   return false;
@@ -53,23 +54,21 @@ function normalizePort(val) {
  * Event listener for HTTP server "error" event.
  */
 
-function onError(error) {
+function onError(error: any): void {
   if (error.syscall !== "listen") {
     throw error;
   }
 
-  var bind = typeof port === "string" ? "Pipe " + port : "Port " + port;
+  const bind = typeof port === "string" ? "Pipe " + port : "Port " + port;
 
   // handle specific listen errors with friendly messages
   switch (error.code) {
     case "EACCES":
       console.error(bind + " requires elevated privileges");
       process.exit(1);
-      break;
     case "EADDRINUSE":
       console.error(bind + " is already in use");
       process.exit(1);
-      break;
     default:
       throw error;
   }
@@ -79,8 +78,21 @@ function onError(error) {
  * Event listener for HTTP server "listening" event.
  */
 
-function onListening() {
-  var addr = server.address();
-  var bind = typeof addr === "string" ? "pipe " + addr : "port " + addr.port;
-  debug("Listening on " + bind);
+function onListening(): void {
+  function bind() {
+    const addr = server.address();
+    if (addr === null) {
+      return "";
+    }
+
+    if (typeof addr === "string") {
+      return "pipe " + addr;
+    }
+
+    if ("port" in addr) {
+      return "port " + addr.port;
+    }
+  }
+
+  debug("Listening on " + bind());
 }