diff --git a/modules/effectie-cats-effect3-time/shared/src/main/scala/effectie/instances/ce3/ClockBasedTimeSource.scala b/modules/effectie-cats-effect3-time/shared/src/main/scala/effectie/instances/ce3/ClockBasedTimeSource.scala
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..59c1b5bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/effectie-cats-effect3-time/shared/src/main/scala/effectie/instances/ce3/ClockBasedTimeSource.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package effectie.instances.ce3
+
+import cats.Monad
+import cats.effect.Clock
+import cats.syntax.all._
+import effectie.time.TimeSource
+
+import java.time.Instant
+import scala.concurrent.duration.{FiniteDuration, TimeUnit}
+
+/** @author Kevin Lee
+  * @since 2024-01-09
+  */
+trait ClockBasedTimeSource[F[*]] extends TimeSource[F] {
+
+  def clock: Clock[F]
+
+  override val name: String = "ce3.ClockBasedTimeSource"
+
+  override def currentTime(): F[Instant] = clock.realTimeInstant
+
+  override def realTimeTo(unit: TimeUnit): F[FiniteDuration] =
+    realTime.map(time => FiniteDuration(time.toUnit(unit).toLong, unit))
+
+  override def monotonicTo(unit: TimeUnit): F[FiniteDuration] =
+    monotonic.map(time => FiniteDuration(time.toUnit(unit).toLong, unit))
+
+  override def realTime: F[FiniteDuration] = clock.realTime
+
+  override def monotonic: F[FiniteDuration] = clock.monotonic
+
+  override val toString: String = name
+}
+object ClockBasedTimeSource {
+  def apply[F[*]](implicit clock: Clock[F], monad: Monad[F]): ClockBasedTimeSource[F] =
+    new ClockBasedTimeSourceF[F](clock)(monad)
+
+  private final class ClockBasedTimeSourceF[F[*]](
+    override val clock: Clock[F]
+  )(
+    override implicit protected val M: Monad[F]
+  ) extends ClockBasedTimeSource[F]
+}
diff --git a/modules/effectie-cats-effect3-time/shared/src/test/scala/effectie/instances/ce3/ClockBasedTimeSourceSpec.scala b/modules/effectie-cats-effect3-time/shared/src/test/scala/effectie/instances/ce3/ClockBasedTimeSourceSpec.scala
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4eadbb8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/effectie-cats-effect3-time/shared/src/test/scala/effectie/instances/ce3/ClockBasedTimeSourceSpec.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+package effectie.instances.ce3
+
+import cats.effect.{Clock, IO}
+import cats.syntax.all._
+import effectie.time.syntax._
+import hedgehog._
+import hedgehog.runner._
+
+import java.time.Instant
+import scala.concurrent.duration._
+
+/** @author Kevin Lee
+  * @since 2024-01-09
+  */
+object ClockBasedTimeSourceSpec extends Properties {
+
+  type F[A] = IO[A]
+  val F = IO
+
+  override def tests: List[Test] = List(
+    example("test currentTime", testCurrentTime),
+    example("test realTime", testRealTime),
+    example("test monotonic", testMonotonic),
+    property("test timeSpent", testTimeSpent).withTests(count = 5),
+  )
+
+  import cats.effect.unsafe.implicits.global
+
+  def testCurrentTime: Result = {
+    ClockBasedTimeSource[F]
+      .currentTime()
+      .flatMap(actual =>
+        Clock[F]
+          .realTimeInstant
+          .map { expected =>
+            Result.diff(
+              actual.toEpochMilli.milliseconds,
+              (expected.toEpochMilli.milliseconds +- 500.milliseconds),
+            )(
+              _.isWithIn(_)
+            )
+          }
+      )
+      .unsafeRunSync()
+
+  }
+
+  def testRealTime: Result = {
+
+    val now            = Instant.now()
+    val expectedNanos  = now.getEpochSecond * 1000000000L + now.getNano
+    val expectedMillis = expectedNanos / 1000000L
+
+    val timeSource = ClockBasedTimeSource[F]
+
+    List(
+      timeSource
+        .realTime
+        .map(time =>
+          Result
+            .diff(time, (expectedMillis.milliseconds +- 1000.milliseconds))(_.isWithIn(_))
+            .log("timeSource.realTime"),
+        ),
+      timeSource
+        .realTimeTo(MILLISECONDS)
+        .map(time =>
+          Result
+            .diff(time, (expectedMillis.milliseconds +- 1000.milliseconds))(_.isWithIn(_))
+            .log("timeSource.realTimeTo(MILLISECONDS)"),
+        ),
+      timeSource
+        .realTimeTo(NANOSECONDS)
+        .map(time =>
+          Result
+            .diff(time, (expectedNanos.nanoseconds +- 1000.milliseconds))(_.isWithIn(_))
+            .log("timeSource.realTimeTo(NANOSECONDS)"),
+        ),
+    ).sequence
+      .map(Result.all)
+      .unsafeRunSync()
+  }
+
+  def testMonotonic: Result = {
+
+    val expectedNanos  = System.nanoTime()
+    val expectedMillis = expectedNanos / 1000000L
+
+    val timeSource = ClockBasedTimeSource[F]
+
+    List(
+      timeSource
+        .monotonic
+        .map(time =>
+          Result
+            .diff(time, (expectedNanos.nanoseconds +- 1000.milliseconds))(_.isWithIn(_))
+            .log("timeSource.monotonic"),
+        ),
+      timeSource
+        .monotonicTo(MILLISECONDS)
+        .map(time =>
+          Result
+            .diff(time, (expectedMillis.milliseconds +- 1000.milliseconds))(_.isWithIn(_))
+            .log("timeSource.monotonicTo(MILLISECONDS)"),
+        ),
+      timeSource
+        .monotonicTo(NANOSECONDS)
+        .map(time =>
+          Result
+            .diff(time, (expectedNanos.nanoseconds +- 1000.milliseconds))(_.isWithIn(_))
+            .log("timeSource.monotonicTo(NANOSECONDS)"),
+        ),
+    ).sequence
+      .map(Result.all)
+      .unsafeRunSync()
+  }
+
+  def testTimeSpent: Property = {
+    for {
+      waitFor <- Gen.int(Range.linear(200, 700)).map(_.milliseconds).log("waitFor")
+      diff    <- Gen.constant(180.milliseconds).log("diff")
+    } yield {
+      val timeSource = ClockBasedTimeSource[F]
+
+      for {
+        resultAndTimeSpent <- timeSource.timeSpent {
+                                F.sleep(waitFor) *>
+                                  F.pure("Done")
+                              }
+        (result, timeSpent) = resultAndTimeSpent
+        _ <- F.delay(
+               println(
+                 show""">>>   waitFor: $waitFor
+                       |>>> timeSpent: ${timeSpent.timeSpent.toMillis} milliseconds
+                       |>>>      diff: ${(timeSpent.timeSpent - waitFor).toMillis} milliseconds
+                       |""".stripMargin
+               )
+             )
+      } yield {
+        Result.all(
+          List(
+            result ==== "Done",
+            Result
+              .diffNamed(
+                s"timeSpent (${timeSpent.timeSpent.toMillis.show} milliseconds) should be " +
+                  s"within ${(waitFor - diff).show} to ${(waitFor + diff).show}.",
+                timeSpent,
+                (waitFor +- diff),
+              )(_.timeSpent.isWithIn(_))
+              .log(
+                s"""--- diff test log ---
+                   |>         actual: ${timeSpent.timeSpent.toMillis.show} milliseconds
+                   |> expected range: ${(waitFor - diff).show} to ${(waitFor + diff).show}
+                   |>        waitFor: ${waitFor.show}
+                   |>  expected diff: +- ${diff.show})
+                   |>    actual diff: ${(timeSpent.timeSpent - waitFor).toMillis.show} milliseconds
+                   |""".stripMargin
+              ),
+          )
+        )
+      }
+    }.unsafeRunSync()
+  }
+
+}