[9.x] Added scoped filesystem driver

[frankdejonge]

Often, files are placed on a single filesystem (like S3) but at different paths. This base path needs to be kept in sync all across the codebase. The scoped driver makes it easy to re-use disk configurations, and decorated the internal adapter.

Consider the following situation, when I have an existing s3 disk:

        's3' => [
            'driver' => 's3',
            'key' => env('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'),
            'secret' => env('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'),
            'region' => env('AWS_DEFAULT_REGION'),
            'bucket' => env('AWS_BUCKET'),
            'url' => env('AWS_URL'),
            'endpoint' => env('AWS_ENDPOINT'),
            'use_path_style_endpoint' => env('AWS_USE_PATH_STYLE_ENDPOINT', false),
            'throw' => false,
        ],

Using the new scoped driver, I can create a version of the existing s3 driver with a deeper base path:

        's3_videos' => [
            'driver' => 'scoped',
            'prefix' => 'path/for/videos',
            'disk' => 's3',
        ],

---

Possible optimisation, since this is a decorated adapter, we could re-use the inner adapter. I didn't find an elegant way to do so, but I'm open to suggestions.

[iotron]

@frankdejonge Hi, I cannot get the correct URL for the scoped drivers with $storage->url(). The prefix is missing as it's not implemented in the url function in class FilesystemAdapter.

    /**
     * Get the URL for the file at the given path.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws \RuntimeException
     */
    public function url($path)
    {
        $adapter = $this->adapter;

        if (method_exists($adapter, 'getUrl')) {
            return $adapter->getUrl($path);
        } elseif (method_exists($this->driver, 'getUrl')) {
            return $this->driver->getUrl($path);
        } elseif ($adapter instanceof FtpAdapter || $adapter instanceof SftpAdapter) {
            return $this->getFtpUrl($path);
        } elseif ($adapter instanceof LocalAdapter) {
            return $this->getLocalUrl($path);
        } else {
            throw new RuntimeException('This driver does not support retrieving URLs.');
        }
    }

[iotron]

I have created an issue with details.
#44327