[9.x] Add methods to get request data as integer or float

[jasonmccreary]

This adds methods to conveniently retrieve and cast request data as an int and float. A bool cast already existed. So why not have other common scalar types.

Before

intval($request->input('some_int_value'));
floatval($request->input('some_float_value'));

After

$request->integer('some_int_value');
$request->float('some_float_value');

[jasonmccreary]

Something that came up in my live stream and separately on Twitter is the integer conversion of '2_000' to 2. While a literal 2_000 is equivalent to 2000 in PHP, the string 2_000 is not.

Someone is welcome to support this edge case, but I felt it better to align with PHP. There's an argument for PHP to update the behavior of intval(). In which case, this would just work.

[ejunker]

@jasonmccreary why not use casting instead of intval() and floatval? According to this it is 3 times faster.

Yes, I know, it may be considered a micro-optimization, but easy enough to change it.

[jasonmccreary]

Clarity and consistency with other parts of the framework. However, there are instances of both types of casting. So feel free to open a follow-up PR if it's truly still faster (that article is 8 years old) and all the test cases pass.

---

@ejunker, I actually did a quick benchmark on PHP 8.1 and they are exactly the same. If anything, intval was faster for me.

Script

$time_start = microtime(true);

for ($i = 0; $i < 100000; ++$i) {
  intval("$i");
}

$time_end = microtime(true);
$time = $time_end - $time_start;

echo "ran in: $time\n";