diff --git a/src/Request.php b/src/Request.php
index 1c9d3e94..c2fe0ad0 100644
--- a/src/Request.php
+++ b/src/Request.php
@@ -24,10 +24,12 @@ class Request implements Arrayable
 
     /**
      * @param  array<string, mixed>  $arguments
+     * @param  array<string, mixed>|null  $meta
      */
     public function __construct(
         protected array $arguments = [],
-        protected ?string $sessionId = null
+        protected ?string $sessionId = null,
+        protected ?array $meta = null,
     ) {
         //
     }
@@ -92,6 +94,14 @@ public function sessionId(): ?string
         return $this->sessionId;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, mixed>|null
+     */
+    public function meta(): ?array
+    {
+        return $this->meta;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @param  array<string, mixed>  $arguments
      */
@@ -104,4 +114,12 @@ public function setSessionId(?string $sessionId): void
     {
         $this->sessionId = $sessionId;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @param  array<string, mixed>|null  $meta
+     */
+    public function setMeta(?array $meta): void
+    {
+        $this->meta = $meta;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/Response.php b/src/Response.php
index a64457e8..3627314a 100644
--- a/src/Response.php
+++ b/src/Response.php
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 use Illuminate\Support\Traits\Conditionable;
 use Illuminate\Support\Traits\Macroable;
+use InvalidArgumentException;
 use JsonException;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Enums\Role;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Exceptions\NotImplementedException;
@@ -68,6 +69,35 @@ public function content(): Content
         return $this->content;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @param  Response|array<int, Response>  $responses
+     */
+    public static function make(Response|array $responses): ResponseFactory
+    {
+        if (is_array($responses)) {
+            foreach ($responses as $index => $response) {
+                // @phpstan-ignore instanceof.alwaysTrue
+                if (! $response instanceof Response) {
+                    throw new InvalidArgumentException(
+                        "Invalid response type at index {$index}: Expected ".Response::class.', but received '.get_debug_type($response).'.'
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return new ResponseFactory($responses);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param  string|array<string, mixed>  $meta
+     */
+    public function withMeta(string|array $meta, mixed $value = null): static
+    {
+        $this->content->setMeta($meta, $value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @throws NotImplementedException
      */
diff --git a/src/ResponseFactory.php b/src/ResponseFactory.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7fab8012
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ResponseFactory.php
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Laravel\Mcp;
+
+use Illuminate\Support\Arr;
+use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
+use Illuminate\Support\Traits\Conditionable;
+use Illuminate\Support\Traits\Macroable;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Concerns\HasMeta;
+
+class ResponseFactory
+{
+    use Conditionable;
+    use HasMeta;
+    use Macroable;
+
+    /**
+     * @var Collection<int, Response>
+     */
+    public Collection $responses;
+
+    /**
+     * @param  Response|array<int, Response>  $responses
+     */
+    public function __construct(Response|array $responses)
+    {
+        $this->responses = collect(Arr::wrap($responses));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param  string|array<string, mixed>  $meta
+     */
+    public function withMeta(string|array $meta, mixed $value = null): static
+    {
+        $this->setMeta($meta, $value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return Collection<int, Response>
+     */
+    public function responses(): Collection
+    {
+        return $this->responses;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, mixed>|null
+     */
+    public function getMeta(): ?array
+    {
+        return $this->meta;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Server/Concerns/HasMeta.php b/src/Server/Concerns/HasMeta.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..282dd2d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Server/Concerns/HasMeta.php
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Laravel\Mcp\Server\Concerns;
+
+use InvalidArgumentException;
+
+trait HasMeta
+{
+    /**
+     * @var array<string, mixed>|null
+     */
+    protected ?array $meta = null;
+
+    /**
+     * @param  string|array<string, mixed>  $meta
+     */
+    public function setMeta(string|array $meta, mixed $value = null): void
+    {
+        $this->meta ??= [];
+
+        if (! is_array($meta)) {
+            if (is_null($value)) {
+                throw new InvalidArgumentException('Value is required when using key-value signature.');
+            }
+
+            $this->meta[$meta] = $value;
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $this->meta = array_merge($this->meta, $meta);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @template T of array<string, mixed>
+     *
+     * @param  T  $baseArray
+     * @return T&array{_meta?: array<string, mixed>}
+     */
+    public function mergeMeta(array $baseArray): array
+    {
+        return ($meta = $this->meta)
+            ? [...$baseArray, '_meta' => $meta]
+            : $baseArray;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Server/Content/Blob.php b/src/Server/Content/Blob.php
index 5f04a1d4..f7b9f714 100644
--- a/src/Server/Content/Blob.php
+++ b/src/Server/Content/Blob.php
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 namespace Laravel\Mcp\Server\Content;
 
 use InvalidArgumentException;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Concerns\HasMeta;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Contracts\Content;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Prompt;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Resource;
@@ -12,6 +13,8 @@
 
 class Blob implements Content
 {
+    use HasMeta;
+
     public function __construct(protected string $content)
     {
         //
@@ -42,13 +45,13 @@ public function toPrompt(Prompt $prompt): array
      */
     public function toResource(Resource $resource): array
     {
-        return [
+        return $this->mergeMeta([
             'blob' => base64_encode($this->content),
             'uri' => $resource->uri(),
             'name' => $resource->name(),
             'title' => $resource->title(),
             'mimeType' => $resource->mimeType(),
-        ];
+        ]);
     }
 
     public function __toString(): string
@@ -61,9 +64,9 @@ public function __toString(): string
      */
     public function toArray(): array
     {
-        return [
+        return $this->mergeMeta([
             'type' => 'blob',
             'blob' => $this->content,
-        ];
+        ]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Server/Content/Notification.php b/src/Server/Content/Notification.php
index 53006291..8d20566b 100644
--- a/src/Server/Content/Notification.php
+++ b/src/Server/Content/Notification.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Laravel\Mcp\Server\Content;
 
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Concerns\HasMeta;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Contracts\Content;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Prompt;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Resource;
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@
 
 class Notification implements Content
 {
+    use HasMeta;
+
     /**
      * @param  array<string, mixed>  $params
      */
@@ -53,9 +56,15 @@ public function __toString(): string
      */
     public function toArray(): array
     {
+        $params = $this->params;
+
+        if ($this->meta !== null && $this->meta !== [] && ! isset($params['_meta'])) {
+            $params['_meta'] = $this->meta;
+        }
+
         return [
             'method' => $this->method,
-            'params' => $this->params,
+            'params' => $params,
         ];
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Server/Content/Text.php b/src/Server/Content/Text.php
index c800a6f5..602d9bdb 100644
--- a/src/Server/Content/Text.php
+++ b/src/Server/Content/Text.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Laravel\Mcp\Server\Content;
 
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Concerns\HasMeta;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Contracts\Content;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Prompt;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Resource;
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@
 
 class Text implements Content
 {
+    use HasMeta;
+
     public function __construct(protected string $text)
     {
         //
@@ -37,13 +40,13 @@ public function toPrompt(Prompt $prompt): array
      */
     public function toResource(Resource $resource): array
     {
-        return [
+        return $this->mergeMeta([
             'text' => $this->text,
             'uri' => $resource->uri(),
             'name' => $resource->name(),
             'title' => $resource->title(),
             'mimeType' => $resource->mimeType(),
-        ];
+        ]);
     }
 
     public function __toString(): string
@@ -56,9 +59,9 @@ public function __toString(): string
      */
     public function toArray(): array
     {
-        return [
+        return $this->mergeMeta([
             'type' => 'text',
             'text' => $this->text,
-        ];
+        ]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Server/Contracts/Content.php b/src/Server/Contracts/Content.php
index fa70daf9..65c45dae 100644
--- a/src/Server/Contracts/Content.php
+++ b/src/Server/Contracts/Content.php
@@ -30,5 +30,10 @@ public function toPrompt(Prompt $prompt): array;
      */
     public function toResource(Resource $resource): array;
 
+    /**
+     * @param  string|array<string, mixed>  $meta
+     */
+    public function setMeta(string|array $meta, mixed $value = null): void;
+
     public function __toString(): string;
 }
diff --git a/src/Server/McpServiceProvider.php b/src/Server/McpServiceProvider.php
index e9972e94..4bbd9af9 100644
--- a/src/Server/McpServiceProvider.php
+++ b/src/Server/McpServiceProvider.php
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ protected function registerContainerCallbacks(): void
 
                 $request->setArguments($currentRequest->all());
                 $request->setSessionId($currentRequest->sessionId());
+                $request->setMeta($currentRequest->meta());
             }
         });
     }
diff --git a/src/Server/Methods/CallTool.php b/src/Server/Methods/CallTool.php
index e65bad3a..ff88581d 100644
--- a/src/Server/Methods/CallTool.php
+++ b/src/Server/Methods/CallTool.php
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 
 use Generator;
 use Illuminate\Container\Container;
-use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
 use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Response;
+use Laravel\Mcp\ResponseFactory;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Contracts\Errable;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Contracts\Method;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Exceptions\JsonRpcException;
@@ -61,13 +61,13 @@ public function handle(JsonRpcRequest $request, ServerContext $context): Generat
     }
 
     /**
-     * @return callable(Collection<int, Response>): array{content: array<int, array<string, mixed>>, isError: bool}
+     * @return callable(ResponseFactory): array<string, mixed>
      */
     protected function serializable(Tool $tool): callable
     {
-        return fn (Collection $responses): array => [
-            'content' => $responses->map(fn (Response $response): array => $response->content()->toTool($tool))->all(),
-            'isError' => $responses->contains(fn (Response $response): bool => $response->isError()),
-        ];
+        return fn (ResponseFactory $factory): array => $factory->mergeMeta([
+            'content' => $factory->responses()->map(fn (Response $response): array => $response->content()->toTool($tool))->all(),
+            'isError' => $factory->responses()->contains(fn (Response $response): bool => $response->isError()),
+        ]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Server/Methods/Concerns/InteractsWithResponses.php b/src/Server/Methods/Concerns/InteractsWithResponses.php
index 8e7ada3b..80254055 100644
--- a/src/Server/Methods/Concerns/InteractsWithResponses.php
+++ b/src/Server/Methods/Concerns/InteractsWithResponses.php
@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@
 namespace Laravel\Mcp\Server\Methods\Concerns;
 
 use Generator;
+use Illuminate\Support\Arr;
 use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Response;
+use Laravel\Mcp\ResponseFactory;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Content\Notification;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Contracts\Errable;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Exceptions\JsonRpcException;
@@ -16,37 +18,45 @@
 trait InteractsWithResponses
 {
     /**
-     * @param  array<int, Response|string>|Response|string  $response
+     * @param  array<int, Response|ResponseFactory|string>|Response|ResponseFactory|string  $response
+     *
+     * @throws JsonRpcException
      */
-    protected function toJsonRpcResponse(JsonRpcRequest $request, array|Response|string $response, callable $serializable): JsonRpcResponse
+    protected function toJsonRpcResponse(JsonRpcRequest $request, array|Response|ResponseFactory|string $response, callable $serializable): JsonRpcResponse
     {
-        $responses = collect(
-            is_array($response) ? $response : [$response]
-        )->map(fn (Response|string $response): Response => $response instanceof Response
-            ? $response
-            : ($this->isBinary($response) ? Response::blob($response) : Response::text($response))
-        );
+        if (is_array($response) && count($response) === 1) {
+            $response = Arr::first($response);
+        }
+
+        if (! ($response instanceof ResponseFactory)) {
+            $responses = collect(Arr::wrap($response))->map(fn ($item): Response => $item instanceof Response
+                ? $item
+                : ($this->isBinary($item) ? Response::blob($item) : Response::text($item))
+            );
+
+            $response = new ResponseFactory($responses->all());
+        }
 
-        $responses->each(function (Response $response) use ($request): void {
+        $response->responses()->each(function (Response $response) use ($request): void {
             if (! $this instanceof Errable && $response->isError()) {
                 throw new JsonRpcException(
-                    // @phpstan-ignore-next-line
-                    $response->content()->__toString(),
+                    $response->content()->__toString(), // @phpstan-ignore-line
                     -32603,
                     $request->id,
                 );
             }
         });
 
-        return JsonRpcResponse::result($request->id, $serializable($responses));
+        return JsonRpcResponse::result($request->id, $serializable($response));
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param  iterable<Response|string>  $responses
+     * @param  iterable<Response|ResponseFactory|string>  $responses
      * @return Generator<JsonRpcResponse>
      */
     protected function toJsonRpcStreamedResponse(JsonRpcRequest $request, iterable $responses, callable $serializable): Generator
     {
+        /** @var array<int, Response|ResponseFactory|string> $pendingResponses */
         $pendingResponses = [];
 
         try {
diff --git a/src/Server/Methods/GetPrompt.php b/src/Server/Methods/GetPrompt.php
index a9b00b85..872e2ae0 100644
--- a/src/Server/Methods/GetPrompt.php
+++ b/src/Server/Methods/GetPrompt.php
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 
 use Generator;
 use Illuminate\Container\Container;
-use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
 use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Response;
+use Laravel\Mcp\ResponseFactory;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Contracts\Method;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Exceptions\JsonRpcException;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Methods\Concerns\InteractsWithResponses;
@@ -59,16 +59,16 @@ public function handle(JsonRpcRequest $request, ServerContext $context): Generat
     }
 
     /**
-     * @return callable(Collection<int, Response>): array{description?: string, messages: array<int, array{role: string, content: array<int, array<string, mixed>}>}
+     * @return callable(ResponseFactory): array<string, mixed>
      */
     protected function serializable(Prompt $prompt): callable
     {
-        return fn (Collection $responses): array => [
+        return fn (ResponseFactory $factory): array => $factory->mergeMeta([
             'description' => $prompt->description(),
-            'messages' => $responses->map(fn (Response $response): array => [
+            'messages' => $factory->responses()->map(fn (Response $response): array => [
                 'role' => $response->role()->value,
                 'content' => $response->content()->toPrompt($prompt),
             ])->all(),
-        ];
+        ]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Server/Methods/ReadResource.php b/src/Server/Methods/ReadResource.php
index 50718a1f..85721350 100644
--- a/src/Server/Methods/ReadResource.php
+++ b/src/Server/Methods/ReadResource.php
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 
 use Generator;
 use Illuminate\Container\Container;
-use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
 use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Response;
+use Laravel\Mcp\ResponseFactory;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Contracts\Method;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Exceptions\JsonRpcException;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Methods\Concerns\InteractsWithResponses;
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ public function handle(JsonRpcRequest $request, ServerContext $context): Generat
 
     protected function serializable(Resource $resource): callable
     {
-        return fn (Collection $responses): array => [
-            'contents' => $responses->map(fn (Response $response): array => $response->content()->toResource($resource))->all(),
-        ];
+        return fn (ResponseFactory $factory): array => $factory->mergeMeta([
+            'contents' => $factory->responses()->map(fn (Response $response): array => $response->content()->toResource($resource))->all(),
+        ]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Server/Primitive.php b/src/Server/Primitive.php
index 7a3adb12..c2b517f5 100644
--- a/src/Server/Primitive.php
+++ b/src/Server/Primitive.php
@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@
 use Illuminate\Container\Container;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Support\Arrayable;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Concerns\HasMeta;
 
 /**
  * @implements Arrayable<string, mixed>
  */
 abstract class Primitive implements Arrayable
 {
+    use HasMeta;
+
     protected string $name = '';
 
     protected string $title = '';
@@ -40,6 +43,14 @@ public function description(): string
             : $this->description;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, mixed>|null
+     */
+    public function meta(): ?array
+    {
+        return $this->meta;
+    }
+
     public function eligibleForRegistration(): bool
     {
         if (method_exists($this, 'shouldRegister')) {
diff --git a/src/Server/Prompt.php b/src/Server/Prompt.php
index 1e5dbd9e..eb7daa68 100644
--- a/src/Server/Prompt.php
+++ b/src/Server/Prompt.php
@@ -28,11 +28,12 @@ public function toMethodCall(): array
     }
 
     /**
-     * @return array{name: string, title: string, description: string, arguments: array<int, array{name: string, description: string, required: bool}>}
+     * @return array{name: string, title: string, description: string, arguments: array<int, array{name: string, description: string, required: bool, _meta?: array<string, mixed>}>}
      */
     public function toArray(): array
     {
-        return [
+        // @phpstan-ignore return.type
+        return $this->mergeMeta([
             'name' => $this->name(),
             'title' => $this->title(),
             'description' => $this->description(),
@@ -40,6 +41,6 @@ public function toArray(): array
                 fn (Argument $argument): array => $argument->toArray(),
                 $this->arguments(),
             ),
-        ];
+        ]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Server/Resource.php b/src/Server/Resource.php
index 26b2eac8..b65492fd 100644
--- a/src/Server/Resource.php
+++ b/src/Server/Resource.php
@@ -34,14 +34,25 @@ public function toMethodCall(): array
         return ['uri' => $this->uri()];
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return array{
+     *     name: string,
+     *     title: string,
+     *     description: string,
+     *     uri: string,
+     *     mimeType: string,
+     *     _meta?: array<string, mixed>
+     * }
+     */
     public function toArray(): array
     {
-        return [
+        // @phpstan-ignore return.type
+        return $this->mergeMeta([
             'name' => $this->name(),
             'title' => $this->title(),
             'description' => $this->description(),
             'uri' => $this->uri(),
             'mimeType' => $this->mimeType(),
-        ];
+        ]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Server/Tool.php b/src/Server/Tool.php
index a9568aff..0019841e 100644
--- a/src/Server/Tool.php
+++ b/src/Server/Tool.php
@@ -51,24 +51,28 @@ public function toMethodCall(): array
      *     title?: string|null,
      *     description?: string|null,
      *     inputSchema?: array<string, mixed>,
-     *     annotations?: array<string, mixed>|object
+     *     annotations?: array<string, mixed>|object,
+     *     _meta?: array<string, mixed>
      * }
      */
     public function toArray(): array
     {
         $annotations = $this->annotations();
+
         $schema = JsonSchema::object(
             $this->schema(...),
         )->toArray();
 
         $schema['properties'] ??= (object) [];
 
-        return [
+        // @phpstan-ignore return.type
+        return $this->mergeMeta([
             'name' => $this->name(),
             'title' => $this->title(),
             'description' => $this->description(),
             'inputSchema' => $schema,
             'annotations' => $annotations === [] ? (object) [] : $annotations,
-        ];
+        ]);
+
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Server/Transport/JsonRpcRequest.php b/src/Server/Transport/JsonRpcRequest.php
index 1ee32878..9d1ebe43 100644
--- a/src/Server/Transport/JsonRpcRequest.php
+++ b/src/Server/Transport/JsonRpcRequest.php
@@ -60,8 +60,16 @@ public function get(string $key, mixed $default = null): mixed
         return $this->params[$key] ?? $default;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, mixed>|null
+     */
+    public function meta(): ?array
+    {
+        return isset($this->params['_meta']) && is_array($this->params['_meta']) ? $this->params['_meta'] : null;
+    }
+
     public function toRequest(): Request
     {
-        return new Request($this->params['arguments'] ?? [], $this->sessionId);
+        return new Request($this->params['arguments'] ?? [], $this->sessionId, $this->meta());
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/PromptWithResultMetaPrompt.php b/tests/Fixtures/PromptWithResultMetaPrompt.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2d1117a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/PromptWithResultMetaPrompt.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tests\Fixtures;
+
+use Laravel\Mcp\Response;
+use Laravel\Mcp\ResponseFactory;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Prompt;
+
+class PromptWithResultMetaPrompt extends Prompt
+{
+    protected string $description = 'Prompt with result-level meta';
+
+    public function handle(): ResponseFactory
+    {
+        return Response::make(
+            Response::text('Prompt instructions with result meta')->withMeta(['key' => 'value'])
+        )->withMeta([
+            'prompt_version' => '2.0',
+            'last_updated' => now()->toDateString(),
+        ]);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/ResourceWithResultMetaResource.php b/tests/Fixtures/ResourceWithResultMetaResource.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..75d6cf10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/ResourceWithResultMetaResource.php
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Tests\Fixtures;
+
+use Laravel\Mcp\Response;
+use Laravel\Mcp\ResponseFactory;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Resource;
+
+class ResourceWithResultMetaResource extends Resource
+{
+    public function description(): string
+    {
+        return 'Resource with result-level meta';
+    }
+
+    public function handle(): ResponseFactory
+    {
+        return Response::make(
+            Response::text('Resource content with result meta')
+        )->withMeta([
+            'last_modified' => now()->toIso8601String(),
+            'version' => '1.0',
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function uri(): string
+    {
+        return 'file://resources/with-result-meta.txt';
+    }
+
+    public function mimeType(): string
+    {
+        return 'text/plain';
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/SayHiWithMetaTool.php b/tests/Fixtures/SayHiWithMetaTool.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..48fb7148
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/SayHiWithMetaTool.php
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Tests\Fixtures;
+
+use Illuminate\JsonSchema\JsonSchema;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Request;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Response;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Tool;
+
+class SayHiWithMetaTool extends Tool
+{
+    protected string $description = 'This tool says hello to a person with metadata';
+
+    protected ?array $meta = [
+        'requestId' => 'abc-123',
+        'source' => 'tests/fixtures',
+    ];
+
+    public function handle(Request $request): Response
+    {
+        $request->validate([
+            'name' => 'required|string',
+        ]);
+
+        $name = $request->get('name');
+
+        return Response::text('Hello, '.$name.'!')->withMeta([
+            'test' => 'metadata',
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function schema(JsonSchema $schema): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'name' => $schema->string()
+                ->description('The name of the person to greet')
+                ->required(),
+        ];
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/ToolWithBothMetaTool.php b/tests/Fixtures/ToolWithBothMetaTool.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..22e001d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/ToolWithBothMetaTool.php
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Tests\Fixtures;
+
+use Illuminate\JsonSchema\JsonSchema;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Request;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Response;
+use Laravel\Mcp\ResponseFactory;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Tool;
+
+class ToolWithBothMetaTool extends Tool
+{
+    protected string $description = 'This tool returns a response with both content-level and result-level meta';
+
+    public function handle(Request $request): ResponseFactory
+    {
+        return Response::make([
+            Response::text('First response')->withMeta(['content_index' => 1]),
+            Response::text('Second response')->withMeta(['content_index' => 2]),
+        ])->withMeta([
+            'result_key' => 'result_value',
+            'total_responses' => 2,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function schema(JsonSchema $schema): array
+    {
+        return [];
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/ToolWithResultMetaTool.php b/tests/Fixtures/ToolWithResultMetaTool.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b5d35bec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/ToolWithResultMetaTool.php
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Tests\Fixtures;
+
+use Illuminate\JsonSchema\JsonSchema;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Request;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Response;
+use Laravel\Mcp\ResponseFactory;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Tool;
+
+class ToolWithResultMetaTool extends Tool
+{
+    protected string $description = 'This tool returns a response with result-level meta';
+
+    public function handle(Request $request): ResponseFactory
+    {
+        return Response::make(
+            Response::text('Tool response with result meta')
+        )->withMeta([
+            'session_id' => 50,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function schema(JsonSchema $schema): array
+    {
+        return [];
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Content/BlobTest.php b/tests/Unit/Content/BlobTest.php
index 7d7823e2..92546ea5 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Content/BlobTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Content/BlobTest.php
@@ -29,6 +29,33 @@
     ]);
 });
 
+it('preserves meta when converting to a resource payload', function (): void {
+    $blob = new Blob('raw-bytes');
+    $blob->setMeta(['encoding' => 'base64']);
+
+    $resource = new class extends Resource
+    {
+        protected string $uri = 'file://avatar.png';
+
+        protected string $name = 'avatar';
+
+        protected string $title = 'User Avatar';
+
+        protected string $mimeType = 'image/png';
+    };
+
+    $payload = $blob->toResource($resource);
+
+    expect($payload)->toMatchArray([
+        'blob' => base64_encode('raw-bytes'),
+        'uri' => 'file://avatar.png',
+        'name' => 'avatar',
+        'title' => 'User Avatar',
+        'mimeType' => 'image/png',
+        '_meta' => ['encoding' => 'base64'],
+    ]);
+});
+
 it('throws when used in tools', function (): void {
     $blob = new Blob('anything');
 
@@ -55,3 +82,23 @@
         'blob' => 'bytes',
     ]);
 });
+
+it('supports meta via setMeta', function (): void {
+    $blob = new Blob('binary-data');
+    $blob->setMeta(['encoding' => 'base64']);
+
+    expect($blob->toArray())->toMatchArray([
+        'type' => 'blob',
+        'blob' => 'binary-data',
+        '_meta' => ['encoding' => 'base64'],
+    ]);
+});
+
+it('does not include meta if null', function (): void {
+    $blob = new Blob('data');
+
+    expect($blob->toArray())->toMatchArray([
+        'type' => 'blob',
+        'blob' => 'data',
+    ]);
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Content/NotificationTest.php b/tests/Unit/Content/NotificationTest.php
index 0a2ad155..227114d0 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Content/NotificationTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Content/NotificationTest.php
@@ -62,3 +62,37 @@
         'params' => ['x' => 1, 'y' => 2],
     ]);
 });
+
+it('supports _meta via setMeta', function (): void {
+    $notification = new Notification('test/event', ['data' => 'value']);
+    $notification->setMeta(['author' => 'system']);
+
+    expect($notification->toArray())->toMatchArray([
+        'method' => 'test/event',
+        'params' => [
+            'data' => 'value',
+            '_meta' => ['author' => 'system'],
+        ],
+    ]);
+});
+
+it('supports _meta in params', function (): void {
+    $notification = new Notification('test/event', [
+        'data' => 'value',
+        '_meta' => ['source' => 'params'],
+    ]);
+
+    expect($notification->toArray())->toMatchArray([
+        'method' => 'test/event',
+        'params' => [
+            'data' => 'value',
+            '_meta' => ['source' => 'params'],
+        ],
+    ]);
+});
+
+it('does not include _meta if not set', function (): void {
+    $notification = new Notification('test/event', ['data' => 'value']);
+
+    expect($notification->toArray()['params'])->not->toHaveKey('_meta');
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Content/TextTest.php b/tests/Unit/Content/TextTest.php
index ade98a93..95a0f6e1 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Content/TextTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Content/TextTest.php
@@ -29,6 +29,33 @@
     ]);
 });
 
+it('preserves meta when converting to a resource payload', function (): void {
+    $text = new Text('Hello world');
+    $text->setMeta(['author' => 'John']);
+
+    $resource = new class extends Resource
+    {
+        protected string $uri = 'file://readme.txt';
+
+        protected string $name = 'readme';
+
+        protected string $title = 'Readme File';
+
+        protected string $mimeType = 'text/plain';
+    };
+
+    $payload = $text->toResource($resource);
+
+    expect($payload)->toEqual([
+        'text' => 'Hello world',
+        'uri' => 'file://readme.txt',
+        'name' => 'readme',
+        'title' => 'Readme File',
+        'mimeType' => 'text/plain',
+        '_meta' => ['author' => 'John'],
+    ]);
+});
+
 it('may be used in tools', function (): void {
     $text = new Text('Run me');
 
@@ -65,3 +92,23 @@
         'text' => 'abc',
     ]);
 });
+
+it('supports meta via setMeta', function (): void {
+    $text = new Text('Hello');
+    $text->setMeta(['author' => 'John']);
+
+    expect($text->toArray())->toEqual([
+        'type' => 'text',
+        'text' => 'Hello',
+        '_meta' => ['author' => 'John'],
+    ]);
+});
+
+it('does not include meta if null', function (): void {
+    $text = new Text('Hello');
+
+    expect($text->toArray())->toEqual([
+        'type' => 'text',
+        'text' => 'Hello',
+    ]);
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Methods/CallToolTest.php b/tests/Unit/Methods/CallToolTest.php
index d8c72c47..0536e3d2 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Methods/CallToolTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Methods/CallToolTest.php
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
 use Tests\Fixtures\CurrentTimeTool;
 use Tests\Fixtures\SayHiTool;
 use Tests\Fixtures\SayHiTwiceTool;
+use Tests\Fixtures\SayHiWithMetaTool;
+use Tests\Fixtures\ToolWithBothMetaTool;
+use Tests\Fixtures\ToolWithResultMetaTool;
 
 it('returns a valid call tool response', function (): void {
     $request = JsonRpcRequest::from([
@@ -145,6 +148,55 @@
         ]);
 });
 
+it('includes result meta when responses provide it', function (): void {
+    $request = JsonRpcRequest::from([
+        'jsonrpc' => '2.0',
+        'id' => 1,
+        'method' => 'tools/call',
+        'params' => [
+            'name' => 'say-hi-with-meta-tool',
+            'arguments' => ['name' => 'John Doe'],
+        ],
+    ]);
+
+    $context = new ServerContext(
+        supportedProtocolVersions: ['2025-03-26'],
+        serverCapabilities: [],
+        serverName: 'Test Server',
+        serverVersion: '1.0.0',
+        instructions: 'Test instructions',
+        maxPaginationLength: 50,
+        defaultPaginationLength: 10,
+        tools: [SayHiWithMetaTool::class],
+        resources: [],
+        prompts: [],
+    );
+
+    $method = new CallTool;
+
+    $this->instance('mcp.request', $request->toRequest());
+    $response = $method->handle($request, $context);
+
+    $payload = $response->toArray();
+
+    expect($payload)
+        ->toMatchArray([
+            'id' => 1,
+            'result' => [
+                'content' => [
+                    [
+                        'type' => 'text',
+                        'text' => 'Hello, John Doe!',
+                        '_meta' => [
+                            'test' => 'metadata',
+                        ],
+                    ],
+                ],
+                'isError' => false,
+            ],
+        ]);
+});
+
 it('may resolve dependencies out of the container', function (): void {
     $request = JsonRpcRequest::from([
         'jsonrpc' => '2.0',
@@ -182,3 +234,113 @@
         ->and($type)->toEqual('text')
         ->and($text)->toContain('The current time is ');
 });
+
+it('returns a result with result-level meta when using ResponseFactory', function (): void {
+    $request = JsonRpcRequest::from([
+        'jsonrpc' => '2.0',
+        'id' => 1,
+        'method' => 'tools/call',
+        'params' => [
+            'name' => 'tool-with-result-meta-tool',
+            'arguments' => [],
+        ],
+    ]);
+
+    $context = new ServerContext(
+        supportedProtocolVersions: ['2025-03-26'],
+        serverCapabilities: [],
+        serverName: 'Test Server',
+        serverVersion: '1.0.0',
+        instructions: 'Test instructions',
+        maxPaginationLength: 50,
+        defaultPaginationLength: 10,
+        tools: [ToolWithResultMetaTool::class],
+        resources: [],
+        prompts: [],
+    );
+
+    $method = new CallTool;
+
+    $this->instance('mcp.request', $request->toRequest());
+    $response = $method->handle($request, $context);
+
+    expect($response)->toBeInstanceOf(JsonRpcResponse::class);
+
+    $payload = $response->toArray();
+
+    expect($payload)
+        ->toMatchArray([
+            'id' => 1,
+            'result' => [
+                '_meta' => [
+                    'session_id' => 50,
+                ],
+                'content' => [
+                    [
+                        'type' => 'text',
+                        'text' => 'Tool response with result meta',
+                    ],
+                ],
+                'isError' => false,
+            ],
+        ])
+        ->and($payload['result']['_meta'])
+        ->toHaveKeys(['session_id']);
+});
+
+it('separates content-level meta from result-level meta', function (): void {
+    $request = JsonRpcRequest::from([
+        'jsonrpc' => '2.0',
+        'id' => 1,
+        'method' => 'tools/call',
+        'params' => [
+            'name' => 'tool-with-both-meta-tool',
+            'arguments' => [],
+        ],
+    ]);
+
+    $context = new ServerContext(
+        supportedProtocolVersions: ['2025-03-26'],
+        serverCapabilities: [],
+        serverName: 'Test Server',
+        serverVersion: '1.0.0',
+        instructions: 'Test instructions',
+        maxPaginationLength: 50,
+        defaultPaginationLength: 10,
+        tools: [ToolWithBothMetaTool::class],
+        resources: [],
+        prompts: [],
+    );
+
+    $method = new CallTool;
+
+    $this->instance('mcp.request', $request->toRequest());
+    $response = $method->handle($request, $context);
+
+    expect($response)->toBeInstanceOf(JsonRpcResponse::class);
+
+    $payload = $response->toArray();
+
+    expect($payload)
+        ->toMatchArray([
+            'result' => [
+                'isError' => false,
+                '_meta' => [
+                    'result_key' => 'result_value',
+                    'total_responses' => 2,
+                ],
+                'content' => [
+                    [
+                        'type' => 'text',
+                        'text' => 'First response',
+                        '_meta' => ['content_index' => 1],
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        'type' => 'text',
+                        'text' => 'Second response',
+                        '_meta' => ['content_index' => 2],
+                    ],
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]);
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Methods/GetPromptTest.php b/tests/Unit/Methods/GetPromptTest.php
index 62ace7e6..56597b82 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Methods/GetPromptTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Methods/GetPromptTest.php
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\ServerContext;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Transport\JsonRpcRequest;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Transport\JsonRpcResponse;
+use Tests\Fixtures\PromptWithResultMetaPrompt;
 use Tests\Fixtures\ReviewMyCodePrompt;
 use Tests\Fixtures\TellMeHiPrompt;
 
@@ -195,3 +196,56 @@
     expect($payload['result'])->toHaveKey('description');
     expect($payload['result'])->toHaveKey('messages');
 });
+
+it('returns a prompt result with result-level meta when using ResponseFactory', function (): void {
+    $request = JsonRpcRequest::from([
+        'jsonrpc' => '2.0',
+        'id' => 1,
+        'method' => 'prompts/get',
+        'params' => [
+            'name' => 'prompt-with-result-meta-prompt',
+        ],
+    ]);
+
+    $context = new ServerContext(
+        supportedProtocolVersions: ['2025-03-26'],
+        serverCapabilities: [],
+        serverName: 'Test Server',
+        serverVersion: '1.0.0',
+        instructions: 'Test instructions',
+        maxPaginationLength: 50,
+        defaultPaginationLength: 10,
+        tools: [],
+        resources: [],
+        prompts: [PromptWithResultMetaPrompt::class],
+    );
+
+    $method = new GetPrompt;
+
+    $response = $method->handle($request, $context);
+
+    $payload = $response->toArray();
+
+    expect($payload)
+        ->toBeArray()
+        ->id->toBe(1)
+        ->result->toMatchArray([
+            '_meta' => [
+                'prompt_version' => '2.0',
+                'last_updated' => now()->toDateString(),
+            ],
+            'description' => 'Prompt with result-level meta',
+            'messages' => [
+                [
+                    'role' => 'user',
+                    'content' => [
+                        'type' => 'text',
+                        'text' => 'Prompt instructions with result meta',
+                        '_meta' => [
+                            'key' => 'value',
+                        ],
+                    ],
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]);
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Methods/ListToolsTest.php b/tests/Unit/Methods/ListToolsTest.php
index 027a742e..9c55e7f6 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Methods/ListToolsTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Methods/ListToolsTest.php
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Transport\JsonRpcRequest;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Transport\JsonRpcResponse;
 use Tests\Fixtures\SayHiTool;
+use Tests\Fixtures\SayHiWithMetaTool;
 
 if (! class_exists('Tests\\Unit\\Methods\\DummyTool1')) {
     for ($i = 1; $i <= 12; $i++) {
@@ -350,3 +351,57 @@ public function shouldRegister(Request $request): bool
             'tools' => [],
         ]);
 });
+
+it('includes meta in tool response when tool has meta property', function (): void {
+    $request = JsonRpcRequest::from([
+        'jsonrpc' => '2.0',
+        'id' => 1,
+        'method' => 'list-tools',
+        'params' => [],
+    ]);
+
+    $context = new ServerContext(
+        supportedProtocolVersions: ['2025-03-26'],
+        serverCapabilities: [],
+        serverName: 'Test Server',
+        serverVersion: '1.0.0',
+        instructions: 'Test instructions',
+        maxPaginationLength: 50,
+        defaultPaginationLength: 5,
+        tools: [SayHiWithMetaTool::class],
+        resources: [],
+        prompts: [],
+    );
+
+    $listTools = new ListTools;
+
+    $response = $listTools->handle($request, $context);
+
+    expect($response)->toBeInstanceOf(JsonRpcResponse::class);
+    $payload = $response->toArray();
+    expect($payload['id'])->toEqual(1)
+        ->and($payload['result'])->toEqual([
+            'tools' => [
+                [
+                    'name' => 'say-hi-with-meta-tool',
+                    'title' => 'Say Hi With Meta Tool',
+                    'description' => 'This tool says hello to a person with metadata',
+                    'inputSchema' => [
+                        'type' => 'object',
+                        'properties' => [
+                            'name' => [
+                                'type' => 'string',
+                                'description' => 'The name of the person to greet',
+                            ],
+                        ],
+                        'required' => ['name'],
+                    ],
+                    'annotations' => (object) [],
+                    '_meta' => [
+                        'requestId' => 'abc-123',
+                        'source' => 'tests/fixtures',
+                    ],
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]);
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Methods/ReadResourceTest.php b/tests/Unit/Methods/ReadResourceTest.php
index c8a479b1..609a62f3 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Methods/ReadResourceTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Methods/ReadResourceTest.php
@@ -4,7 +4,10 @@
 
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Exceptions\JsonRpcException;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Methods\ReadResource;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\ServerContext;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Transport\JsonRpcRequest;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Transport\JsonRpcResponse;
+use Tests\Fixtures\ResourceWithResultMetaResource;
 
 it('returns a valid resource result', function (): void {
     $resource = $this->makeResource('resource-content');
@@ -78,3 +81,48 @@
 
     $readResource->handle($jsonRpcRequest, $context);
 });
+
+it('returns resource result with result-level meta when using ResponseFactory', function (): void {
+    $request = JsonRpcRequest::from([
+        'jsonrpc' => '2.0',
+        'id' => 1,
+        'method' => 'resources/read',
+        'params' => [
+            'uri' => 'file://resources/with-result-meta.txt',
+        ],
+    ]);
+
+    $context = new ServerContext(
+        supportedProtocolVersions: ['2025-03-26'],
+        serverCapabilities: [],
+        serverName: 'Test Server',
+        serverVersion: '1.0.0',
+        instructions: 'Test instructions',
+        maxPaginationLength: 50,
+        defaultPaginationLength: 10,
+        tools: [],
+        resources: [ResourceWithResultMetaResource::class],
+        prompts: [],
+    );
+
+    $method = new ReadResource;
+
+    $response = $method->handle($request, $context);
+
+    expect($response)->toBeInstanceOf(JsonRpcResponse::class);
+
+    $payload = $response->toArray();
+
+    expect($payload['id'])->toEqual(1)
+        ->and($payload['result'])->toHaveKey('_meta')
+        ->and($payload['result']['_meta'])->toHaveKey('last_modified')
+        ->and($payload['result']['_meta'])->toHaveKey('version')
+        ->and($payload['result']['_meta']['version'])->toBe('1.0')
+        ->and($payload['result']['contents'][0])->toEqual([
+            'text' => 'Resource content with result meta',
+            'uri' => 'file://resources/with-result-meta.txt',
+            'name' => 'resource-with-result-meta-resource',
+            'title' => 'Resource With Result Meta Resource',
+            'mimeType' => 'text/plain',
+        ]);
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Prompts/PromptTest.php b/tests/Unit/Prompts/PromptTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ccab64d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Prompts/PromptTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+<?php
+
+use Laravel\Mcp\Response;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Prompt;
+use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Prompts\Argument;
+
+it('returns no meta by default', function (): void {
+    $prompt = new class extends Prompt
+    {
+        public function description(): string
+        {
+            return 'Test prompt';
+        }
+
+        public function handle(): Response
+        {
+            return Response::text('Hello');
+        }
+    };
+
+    expect($prompt->meta())->toBeNull()
+        ->and($prompt->toArray())->not->toHaveKey('_meta');
+});
+
+it('can have custom meta', function (): void {
+    $prompt = new class extends Prompt
+    {
+        protected ?array $meta = [
+            'category' => 'greeting',
+            'tags' => ['hello', 'welcome'],
+        ];
+
+        public function description(): string
+        {
+            return 'Test prompt';
+        }
+
+        public function handle(): Response
+        {
+            return Response::text('Hello');
+        }
+    };
+
+    expect($prompt->toArray()['_meta'])->toEqual([
+        'category' => 'greeting',
+        'tags' => ['hello', 'welcome'],
+    ]);
+});
+
+it('includes meta in array representation with other fields', function (): void {
+    $prompt = new class extends Prompt
+    {
+        protected string $name = 'greet';
+
+        protected string $title = 'Greeting Prompt';
+
+        protected string $description = 'A friendly greeting';
+
+        protected ?array $meta = [
+            'version' => '1.0',
+        ];
+
+        public function handle(): Response
+        {
+            return Response::text('Hello');
+        }
+
+        public function arguments(): array
+        {
+            return [
+                new Argument('name', 'User name', true),
+            ];
+        }
+    };
+
+    $array = $prompt->toArray();
+
+    expect($array)
+        ->toHaveKey('name', 'greet')
+        ->toHaveKey('title', 'Greeting Prompt')
+        ->toHaveKey('description', 'A friendly greeting')
+        ->toHaveKey('arguments')
+        ->toHaveKey('_meta')
+        ->and($array['_meta'])->toEqual(['version' => '1.0'])
+        ->and($array['arguments'])->toHaveCount(1);
+
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Resources/ResourceTest.php b/tests/Unit/Resources/ResourceTest.php
index 9f812743..35888430 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Resources/ResourceTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Resources/ResourceTest.php
@@ -141,3 +141,46 @@ public function handle(): string
     };
     expect($resource->description())->toBe('A test resource.');
 });
+
+it('returns no meta by default', function (): void {
+    $resource = new class extends Resource
+    {
+        public function description(): string
+        {
+            return 'Test resource';
+        }
+
+        public function handle(): string
+        {
+            return 'Content';
+        }
+    };
+
+    expect($resource->meta())->toBeNull()
+        ->and($resource->toArray())->not->toHaveKey('_meta');
+});
+
+it('can have custom meta', function (): void {
+    $resource = new class extends Resource
+    {
+        protected ?array $meta = [
+            'author' => 'John Doe',
+            'version' => '1.0',
+        ];
+
+        public function description(): string
+        {
+            return 'Test resource';
+        }
+
+        public function handle(): string
+        {
+            return 'Content';
+        }
+    };
+
+    expect($resource->toArray()['_meta'])->toEqual([
+        'author' => 'John Doe',
+        'version' => '1.0',
+    ]);
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/ResponseFactoryTest.php b/tests/Unit/ResponseFactoryTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bf2cedca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/ResponseFactoryTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+<?php
+
+use Laravel\Mcp\Response;
+use Laravel\Mcp\ResponseFactory;
+
+it('creates a factory with a single response', function (): void {
+    $response = Response::text('Hello');
+    $factory = new ResponseFactory($response);
+
+    expect($factory)->toBeInstanceOf(ResponseFactory::class);
+    expect($factory->responses())
+        ->toHaveCount(1)
+        ->first()->toBe($response);
+});
+
+it('creates a factory with multiple responses', function (): void {
+    $response1 = Response::text('First');
+    $response2 = Response::text('Second');
+    $factory = new ResponseFactory([$response1, $response2]);
+
+    expect($factory)->toBeInstanceOf(ResponseFactory::class);
+    expect($factory->responses())
+        ->toHaveCount(2)
+        ->first()->toBe($response1);
+    expect($factory->responses()->last())->toBe($response2);
+});
+
+it('supports fluent withMeta for result-level metadata', function (): void {
+    $factory = (new ResponseFactory(Response::text('Hello')))
+        ->withMeta(['key' => 'value']);
+
+    expect($factory->getMeta())->toEqual(['key' => 'value']);
+});
+
+it('supports withMeta with key-value signature', function (): void {
+    $factory = (new ResponseFactory(Response::text('Hello')))
+        ->withMeta('key1', 'value1')
+        ->withMeta('key2', 'value2');
+
+    expect($factory->getMeta())->toEqual(['key1' => 'value1', 'key2' => 'value2']);
+});
+
+it('merges multiple withMeta calls', function (): void {
+    $factory = (new ResponseFactory(Response::text('Hello')))
+        ->withMeta(['key1' => 'value1'])
+        ->withMeta(['key2' => 'value1'])
+        ->withMeta(['key2' => 'value2']);
+
+    expect($factory->getMeta())->toEqual(['key1' => 'value1', 'key2' => 'value2']);
+});
+
+it('returns null for getMeta when no meta is set', function (): void {
+    $factory = new ResponseFactory(Response::text('Hello'));
+
+    expect($factory->getMeta())->toBeNull();
+});
+
+it('supports Conditionable trait', function (): void {
+    $factory = (new ResponseFactory(Response::text('Hello')))
+        ->when(true, fn ($f): ResponseFactory => $f->withMeta(['conditional' => 'yes']));
+
+    expect($factory->getMeta())->toEqual(['conditional' => 'yes']);
+});
+
+it('supports unless from Conditionable trait', function (): void {
+    $factory = (new ResponseFactory(Response::text('Hello')))
+        ->unless(false, fn ($f): ResponseFactory => $f->withMeta(['unless' => 'applied']));
+
+    expect($factory->getMeta())->toEqual(['unless' => 'applied']);
+});
+
+it('separates content-level meta from result-level meta', function (): void {
+    $response = Response::text('Hello')->withMeta(['content_meta' => 'content_value']);
+    $factory = (new ResponseFactory($response))
+        ->withMeta(['result_meta' => 'result_value']);
+
+    expect($factory->getMeta())->toEqual(['result_meta' => 'result_value']);
+    expect($factory->responses()->first())->toBe($response);
+});
+
+it('accepts a single Response without validation error', function (): void {
+    $response = Response::text('Single response');
+    $factory = new ResponseFactory($response);
+
+    expect($factory->responses())
+        ->toHaveCount(1)
+        ->first()->toBe($response);
+});
+
+it('accepts array of valid Response objects', function (): void {
+    $responses = [
+        Response::text('First'),
+        Response::text('Second'),
+        Response::blob('binary'),
+    ];
+
+    $factory = new ResponseFactory($responses);
+
+    expect($factory->responses())
+        ->toHaveCount(3)
+        ->all()->toBe($responses);
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/ResponseTest.php b/tests/Unit/ResponseTest.php
index d9484d7a..6f206248 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/ResponseTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/ResponseTest.php
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 use Laravel\Mcp\Enums\Role;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Exceptions\NotImplementedException;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Response;
+use Laravel\Mcp\ResponseFactory;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Content\Blob;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Content\Notification;
 use Laravel\Mcp\Server\Content\Text;
@@ -122,3 +123,57 @@
     $content = $response->content();
     expect((string) $content)->toBe(json_encode($data, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR | JSON_PRETTY_PRINT));
 });
+
+it('creates text response with content meta', function (): void {
+    $response = Response::text('Hello')->withMeta(['author' => 'John']);
+
+    expect($response->content())->toBeInstanceOf(Text::class)
+        ->and($response->content()->toArray())->toHaveKey('_meta')
+        ->and($response->content()->toArray()['_meta'])->toEqual(['author' => 'John']);
+});
+
+it('creates blob response with content meta', function (): void {
+    $response = Response::blob('binary')->withMeta(['encoding' => 'utf-8']);
+
+    expect($response->content())->toBeInstanceOf(Blob::class)
+        ->and($response->content()->toArray())->toHaveKey('_meta')
+        ->and($response->content()->toArray()['_meta'])->toEqual(['encoding' => 'utf-8']);
+});
+
+it('creates a notification response with content meta', function (): void {
+    $response = Response::notification('test/event', ['data' => 'value'])->withMeta(['author' => 'system']);
+
+    expect($response->content())->toBeInstanceOf(Notification::class)
+        ->and($response->content()->toArray()['params'])->toHaveKey('_meta')
+        ->and($response->content()->toArray()['params']['_meta'])->toEqual(['author' => 'system']);
+});
+
+it('throws exception when array contains a non-Response object', function (): void {
+    expect(fn (): ResponseFactory => Response::make([
+        Response::text('Valid'),
+        'Invalid string',
+    ]))->toThrow(
+        InvalidArgumentException::class,
+    );
+});
+
+it('throws exception when array contains nested ResponseFactory', function (): void {
+    $nestedFactory = Response::make(Response::text('Nested'));
+
+    expect(fn (): ResponseFactory => Response::make([
+        Response::text('First'),
+        $nestedFactory,
+        Response::text('Third'),
+    ]))->toThrow(
+        InvalidArgumentException::class,
+    );
+});
+
+it('throws exception when an array contains null', function (): void {
+    expect(fn (): ResponseFactory => Response::make([
+        Response::text('Valid'),
+        null,
+    ]))->toThrow(
+        InvalidArgumentException::class,
+    );
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Tools/ToolTest.php b/tests/Unit/Tools/ToolTest.php
index c30c158d..ae29aa71 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Tools/ToolTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Tools/ToolTest.php
@@ -94,6 +94,16 @@
         ->and($array['inputSchema']['required'])->toEqual(['message']);
 });
 
+it('returns no meta by default', function (): void {
+    $tool = new TestTool;
+    expect($tool->meta())->toBeNull();
+});
+
+it('can have custom meta', function (): void {
+    $tool = new CustomMetaTool;
+    expect($tool->toArray()['_meta'])->toEqual(['key' => 'value']);
+});
+
 class TestTool extends Tool
 {
     public function description(): string
@@ -155,3 +165,10 @@ public function schema(\Illuminate\JsonSchema\JsonSchema $schema): array
         ];
     }
 }
+
+class CustomMetaTool extends TestTool
+{
+    protected ?array $meta = [
+        'key' => 'value',
+    ];
+}
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Transport/JsonRpcRequestTest.php b/tests/Unit/Transport/JsonRpcRequestTest.php
index e234f4b7..cf036d82 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Transport/JsonRpcRequestTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Transport/JsonRpcRequestTest.php
@@ -113,3 +113,56 @@
     expect($requestWithCursor->cursor())->toEqual('CUR123')
         ->and($requestWithCursor->get('foo'))->toEqual('bar');
 });
+
+it('extracts _meta from params', function (): void {
+    $request = JsonRpcRequest::from([
+        'jsonrpc' => '2.0',
+        'id' => 1,
+        'method' => 'tools/call',
+        'params' => [
+            'name' => 'echo',
+            '_meta' => [
+                'progressToken' => 'token-123',
+                'customKey' => 'customValue',
+            ],
+        ],
+    ]);
+
+    expect($request->params['_meta'] ?? null)->toEqual([
+        'progressToken' => 'token-123',
+        'customKey' => 'customValue',
+    ])
+        ->and($request->params)->toHaveKey('_meta')
+        ->and($request->params)->toHaveKey('name', 'echo');
+
+    // _meta should remain in params (matches official SDK)
+});
+
+it('has null meta when not provided', function (): void {
+    $request = JsonRpcRequest::from([
+        'jsonrpc' => '2.0',
+        'id' => 1,
+        'method' => 'tools/call',
+        'params' => [
+            'name' => 'echo',
+        ],
+    ]);
+
+    expect($request->params['_meta'] ?? null)->toBeNull();
+});
+
+it('passes meta to Request object', function (): void {
+    $jsonRpcRequest = JsonRpcRequest::from([
+        'jsonrpc' => '2.0',
+        'id' => 1,
+        'method' => 'tools/call',
+        'params' => [
+            'arguments' => ['message' => 'Hello'],
+            '_meta' => ['requestId' => '456'],
+        ],
+    ]);
+
+    $request = $jsonRpcRequest->toRequest();
+
+    expect($request->meta())->toEqual(['requestId' => '456']);
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Transport/JsonRpcResponseTest.php b/tests/Unit/Transport/JsonRpcResponseTest.php
index 1deb19e0..e8489189 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Transport/JsonRpcResponseTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Transport/JsonRpcResponseTest.php
@@ -37,3 +37,36 @@
 
     expect($response->toJson())->toEqual($expectedJson);
 });
+
+it('includes _meta in result when provided in result array', function (): void {
+    $response = JsonRpcResponse::result(
+        1,
+        [
+            'content' => 'Hello',
+            '_meta' => [
+                'requestId' => '123',
+                'timestamp' => 1234567890,
+            ],
+        ]
+    );
+
+    $expectedArray = [
+        'jsonrpc' => '2.0',
+        'id' => 1,
+        'result' => [
+            'content' => 'Hello',
+            '_meta' => [
+                'requestId' => '123',
+                'timestamp' => 1234567890,
+            ],
+        ],
+    ];
+
+    expect($response->toArray())->toEqual($expectedArray);
+});
+
+it('does not include _meta when not in result', function (): void {
+    $response = JsonRpcResponse::result(1, ['content' => 'Hello']);
+
+    expect($response->toArray()['result'])->not->toHaveKey('_meta');
+});