Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) Compound File (CF) format specification

Summary

OLECF is short for Object Linking and Embedding Compound File and is a container file format used for different purposes. OLECF is mainly known as the OLE2 File, Compound Binary File and Compound Document File format. This specification is based on earlier work on the format and was enhanced by analyzing test data.

This document is intended as a working document of the data format specification for the libolecf project.

Document information

Author(s):	Joachim Metz <joachim.metz@gmail.com>
Abstract:	This document contains information about the OLE Compound File (OLECF).
Classification:	Public
Keywords:	OLE, OLE2, Object Linking and Embedding, Compound Binary File, Compound Document File, Horrible Property File Format

License

Copyright (C) 2008-2021, Joachim Metz <joachim.metz@gmail.com>.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version
published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".

Revision history

Version	Author	Date	Comments
0.0.1	J.B. Metz	December 2008 May 2009 June 2009	Initial version based on earlier notes.
0.0.2	J.B. Metz	January 2010	Added information about the compound object stream.
0.0.3	J.B. Metz	January 2010	Moved information about Word binary format to separate document.
0.0.4	J.B. Metz	December 2010	Minor changes.
0.0.5	J.B. Metz	July 2011	Minor changes.
0.0.6	J.B. Metz	May 2012	Minor changes.
0.0.7	J.B. Metz	September 2013	Added information about property set streams.
0.0.8	J.B. Metz	October 2013	Additional findings regarding directory entry creation time.
0.0.9	J.B. Metz	October 2013	Additional findings regarding non 512 sector size files and property set streams.
0.0.10	J.B. Metz	November 2013	Additional findings regarding usage of the value 0 in the sub directory entry value.
0.0.11	J.B. Metz	August 2014	Moved property set information to LIBWPS documentation.
0.0.12	J.B. Metz	December 2014	Switched to asccidoc format.
0.0.13	J.B. Metz	December 2015	Additional information on OLE compound file with unused root directory entry.
0.0.14	J.B. Metz	August 2017	Additional information about VT_LPWSTR property.
0.0.15	J.B. Metz	December 2018	Changes to formatting.
0.0.16	J.B. Metz	April 2020	Changes for formatting.
0.0.17	J.B. Metz	August 2021	Small changes.

1. Overview

The OLE (Object Linking and Embedding) CF (Compound File) format is used for different file types. It is mainly known by containing Microsoft Office 97 – 2003 documents. The file format is commonly known by the name OLE2 but also is referred to as:

Compound Binary Format;
Compound Document Format;
Horrible Property File Format.

An OLE CF consist of the following distinguishable elements:

file header
data sectors (blocks) containing different types of information
- Allocation Table
- Directory
- Stream

The OLE CF is very similar to the FAT file system.

The different allocation tables contain information about the blocks used.
The directory blocks contain the hierarchical relationship of the streams.
The streams contain the content data.

Characteristics	Description
Byte order	Mainly little-endian, but can be set in file header
Date and time values	FILETIME in UTC
Character strings	ASCII strings are Single Byte Character (SBC) or Multi Byte Character (MBC) string stored with a codepage. Sometimes referred to as ANSI string representation. Though technically maybe incorrect, this document will use term (extended) ASCII string. Unicode strings are stored in UTF-16 little-endian without the byte order mark (BOM).

1.1. Test version

The following version of programs were used to test the information within this document:

Microsoft Office
OpenOffice

2. The file header

The file header is 512 bytes of size but note that the entire first sector is used to store it. The file header consists of:

Offset	Size	Value	Description
0	8		The signature (magic identifier) "\xd0\xcf\x11\xe0\xa1\xb1\x1a\xe1" "\x0e\x11\xfc\x0d\xd0\xcf\x11\x0e" The latter was used by older beta versions of OLE2 files
8	16		Class identifier (GUID)
24	2		Revision number of the file format (minor version)
26	2		Version number of the file format (major version)
28	2		Byte order identifier \xff\xfe big endian \xfe\xff little endian
30	2		Size of a sector in the compound document file in power-of-two
32	2		Size of a short-sector (mini-sector) in the short-stream container stream in power-of-two
34	2	0	Reserved (empty value)
36	4	0	Reserved (empty value)
40	4	0	Reserved (empty value)
44	4		Total number of sectors used for the sector allocation table (SAT). The SAT is also referred to as the FAT (chain).
48	4		Sector identifier (SID) of first sector of the directory stream (chain).
52	4	0	Reserved (empty value) Used for transactioning
56	4		Minimum size of a standard stream (in bytes, most used size is 4096 bytes), streams smaller than this value are stored as short-streams
60	4		Sector identifier (SID) of first sector of the short-sector allocation table (SSAT). The SSAT is also referred to as Mini-FAT.
64	4		Total number of sectors used for the short-sector allocation table (SSAT).
68	4		Sector identifier (SID) of first sector of the master sector allocation table (MSAT). The MSAT is also referred to as Double Indirect FAT (DIF).
72	4		Total number of sectors used for the master sector allocation table (MSAT).
76	109 x 4 = 436		First part of the master sector allocation table (MSAT) containing 109 sector identifiers (SIDs).
512	…		Unknown (empty value)

2.1. File format version

Major version	Minor version	Description
3	33
3	62	Used by Microsoft Office 2010 (14.0)
4	62	Used by msninfo.dat

3. The allocation table

The OLE CF format contains multiple types of allocation tables:

the Master Sector Allocation Table (MSAT);
the Sector Allocation Table (SAT);
the Short Sector Allocation Table (SSAT).

The allocation table contains an array of entries up to the sector size. An entry consists of:

Offset	Size	Value	Description
0	4		Sector identifier (SID)

Certain sector identifiers are used for the following purposes:

Sector identifier	Description
0xfffffffc (-4)	Marks the sector as used for the MSAT
0xfffffffd (-3)	Marks the sector as used for the SAT
0xfffffffe (-2)	Marks the sector as the end of the sector (FAT) chain
0xffffffff (-1)	Marks the sector as unused (free)

The actual file offset for a SID can be determined as following:

file offset = ( SID + 1 ) x sector size

The SID needs to be corrected by 1 to account for the first sector that contains the file header.

3.1. Master Sector Allocation Table (MSAT)

The MSAT start at offset 76 in the file header. The MSAT contains sector identifiers (SID) that refer to where SAT sector are situated in the OLE CF. In the file header there is room for 109 SID and last SID does not point to the next MSAT sector as in the MSAT sectors.

The MSAT does not contain a end of chain value, non used SIDs are marked as unused.

If the MSAT is larger than 109 SIDs additional MSAT sectors are used. The first MSAT sector can be found by the SID at offset 68 in the file header. It contains 0xfffffffe if the OLE CF does not contain any additional MSAT sectors. The MSAT sector contains similar data as the MSAT in the file header except that the last SID in the sector is used to point to the next MSAT sector. This value should be 0xfffffffe is the sector is the last sector in the MSAT chain.

The number of SIDs in a MSAT sector can be determined as following:

number of SIDs = ( sector size / 4 ) - 1

3.2. Sector Allocation Table (SAT)

The SAT sectors can be determined by the MSAT. The SAT contains chains of sector identifiers (SID) that refer to the next sector in the chain or the end of the chain. A SID chain contains the sequence of sectors in a stream.

The number of SIDs in a SAT sector can be determined as following:

number of SIDs = ( sector size / 4 )

3.3. Short Sector Allocation Table (SSAT)

The SSAT sectors can be determined by the MSAT. The SAT contains chains of sector identifiers (SID) that refer to the next sector in the chain or the end of the chain. A SID chain contains the sequence of sectors in a stream.

The number of SIDs in a SSAT sector can be determined as following:

number of SIDs = ( sector size / 4 )

4. The directory

The directory consists of multiple entries.

A directory entry is 128 bytes of size and consists of:

Offset	Size	Description
0	64	The directory name in UTF-16 without the byte order mark (BOM) but with an end-of-string character
64	2	The byte size of the directory name including the end-of-string character a name of 4 characters has a size of 10 ( 4 + 1 ) x 2 = 10
66	1	The type of the directory entry See section: Directory entry types
67	1	The node color of the directory entry. It refers to the color of the node in a red-black tree. 0x00 red 0x01 black
68	4	The directory identifier of the previous directory entry The value is -1 if no previous directory entry is present
72	4	The directory identifier of the next directory entry The value is -1 if no next directory entry is present
76	4	The directory identifier of the sub directory entry The value is -1 if no sub directory entry is present.
80	16	Class identifier
96	4	User flags
100	8	Creation time Contains a FILETIME
108	8	Modification time Contains a FILETIME
116	4	Sector identifier (SID) of the first sector of the directory Refers to the SID of a stream or the SID of short-stream container stream
120	4	The byte size of the directory Refers to the size of a stream or the size of a short-stream container stream
124	4	Reserved

Note	In Office template OLECF files the creation time can be set to -1 (0xffffffffffffffff). It is unknown what this value should represent. This behavior has not been observed for the modification time.

Note	Some OLECF files can also use 0 to indicate there is no sub directory entry. The approach libolecf as of version 20131108 uses to handle this scenario is to check if directory entry 0 is the Root Entry and do not allow the sub directory entry to be set multiple times if not 0.

Is there a difference in how empty directory entries are stored?

00000000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ........ ........
00000010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ........ ........
00000020: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ........ ........
00000030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ........ ........
00000040: 00 00 00 00 ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff   ........ ........
00000050: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ........ ........
00000060: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ........ ........
00000070: 00 00 00 00 fe ff ff ff  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ........ ........

Note	Some OLECF files do not have directory entries at all.

4.1. Directory entry types

Value	Identifier	Description
0x00		empty
0x01		storage
0x02		stream
0x03		lock bytes
0x04		property
0x05		root storage

4.2. Root directory

A directory with the name "RootEntry" should be the first directory entry in the directory chain (stream). The root directory should have a type of 0x05. Some older implementations of OLE CF only store the name "R".

Note	There does not necessary need to be a root directory entry, assuming the OLE CF has no directory entries at all, or the root directory entry can be marked unused.

4.3. Short-sector streams

When the size of a stream is smaller than the minimum size of a standard stream the data of that stream is stored in the short-sector stream. The size and the sector identifier of the short-sector stream is stored in the root directory.

TODO: describe how to determine the file offset of a SSAT identifier (SSID)?

The actual file offset for a SSID can be determined as following:

file offset = ( SSID x short-sector size ) + offset short-sector stream

4.4. Shared property streams

All shared property sets are identified by a stream or storage name with the prefix "\005" (or 0x05) to show that it is a property set that can be shared among applications. The Summary Information property set is no exception. The name of the stream that contains the Summary Information property set is: "\005SummaryInformation"

5. Compound object stream

The object stream contains binary data for embedded objects. Word has no knowledge of the contents of this stream.

The compound object specifies the Clipboard Format and the display name of the linked object or embedded object. The compound object stream has the name "\1CompObj". A compound object consists of:

the compound object header
the compound object stream

Characteristics	Description
Byte order	Dependent on the byte order in the OLECF file header?
Date and time values
Character strings	ASCII strings are Single Byte Character (SBC) or Multi Byte Character (MBC) string stored with a codepage. Sometimes referred to as ANSI string representation. Though technically maybe incorrect, this document will use term (extended) ASCII string. Unicode strings are stored in UTF-16 little-endian without the byte order mark (BOM).

5.1. The compound object header

The compound object header 28 bytes of size and consists of:

Offset	Size	Value	Description
0	4	0	Unknown (Reserved) 16-bit 1 followed by 0xfe 0xff (little-endian)
4	4		Unknown (Version)

5.2. The compound object stream

The compound object stream is variable of size and consists of:

Offset	Size	Description
0	4	User type string size
4	…	User type string extended ASCII string terminated by an end-of-string character
…	4	Clipboard format data size 0xfffffffe ⇒ 4 bytes standard clipboard format identifier 0xffffffff ⇒ 4 bytes standard clipboard format identifier 1 to 0x190 ⇒ registered clipboard format identifier data size 0 ⇒ no data present
…	…	Clipboard format data A 4 byte standard clipboard format identifier or an extended ASCII string terminated by an end-of-string character contain the the name of a registered clipboard format identifier.
…	4	Reserved string size If this value is 0 or > 0x28 the remainder of the compound object stream should be ignored
…	…	Reserved string extended ASCII string terminated by an end-of-string character
…	4	Unicode marker If this value is not 0x71b239f4 the remainder of the compound object stream should be ignored
…	4	Unicode user type string size
…	…	Unicode user type string UTF-16 little-endian string terminated by an end-of-string character
…	4	Unicode clipboard format data size 0xfffffffe ⇒ 4 bytes standard clipboard format identifier 0xffffffff ⇒ 4 bytes standard clipboard format identifier 1 to 0xfffffffd ⇒ registered clipboard format identifier data size 0 ⇒ no data present
…	…	Unicode clipboard format data A 4 byte standard clipboard format identifier or an extended ASCII string terminated by an end-of-string character contain the the name of a registered clipboard format identifier.
…	4	Unicode reserved string size
…	…	Unicode reserved string UTF-16 little-endian string terminated by an end-of-string character

5.2.1. Standard clipboard format identifiers

Value	Identifier	Description
0x00000002	CF_BITMAP	Bitmap16 Object structure (BMP)
0x00000003	CF_METAFILEPICT	Windows Metafile (WMF)

0x00000008	CF_DIB	Device Independent Bitmap Object structure (WMF DIB)

0x0000000e	CF_ENHMETAFILE	Enhanced Metafile (EMF)

5.2.2. Registered clipboard format identifiers

TODO

6. Property set streams

Certain streams are property set streams. These streams contain information defined as properties. A property set stream consists of:

the property set header
the property set section list
multiple the property set sections consisting of
- the property set section header
- the property set properties list
- multiple property set properties

Characteristics	Description
Byte order	Dependent on the byte order value in the property set header
Date and time values
Character strings	ASCII strings are Single Byte Character (SBC) or Multi Byte Character (MBC) string stored with a codepage. Sometimes referred to as ANSI string representation. Though technically maybe incorrect, this document will use term (extended) ASCII string. Unicode strings are stored in UTF-16 little-endian without the byte order mark (BOM).

6.1. The property set header

The property set header is 28 bytes of size and consists of:

Offset	Size	Description
0	2	The byte order \xff\xfe big endian \xfe\xff little endian
2	2	The format
4	4	The system version The upper 16-bit contain the operating platform type 0x0000 for Win16 0x0001 for Macintosh 0x0002 for Win32
8	16	The class identifier
24	4	The number of sections in the stream

6.2. The property set section list

The property set header is followed by the property set section list entries. A property set section list entry is 20 bytes of size and consists of:

Offset	Size	Value	Description
0	16		The class identifier
16	4		The offset relative from the start of the property set header

6.2.1. The property set class identifier

The following property set identifiers are known to be used. For more information about the property sets and values see: [LIBFWPS].

Class identifier	Description
f29f85e0-4ff9-1068-ab91-08002b27b3d9	Summary information (FMTID_SummaryInformation)
d5cdd502-2e9c-101b-9397-08002b2cf9ae	Document summary information (FMTID_DocSummaryInformation)

6.3. The property set section header

A property set section header is 8 bytes of size and consists of:

Offset	Size	Value	Description
0	4		The properties data size
4	4		The number of properties in the section

6.4. The property set section property list

The property set section header is followed by the property set section property list entries. A property set section property list entry is 8 bytes of size and consists of:

Offset	Size	Value	Description
0	4		The property identifier
4	4		The property data offset The offset is relative from the start of the property set section header

6.5. The property set section property

The property set section property list is followed by the property set section properties. A property set section property is variable of size and consists of:

Offset	Size	Value	Description
0	4		The property value type Contains an OLE defines property (variant) types. Also see [LIBFOLE].
4	…		The property value data

[NOTE] The size of a VT_LPWSTR is stored as number of characters.

7. Notes

There are multiple type of data sectors * MSAT sector (marked by 0xfffffffd (-3) in the SAT)
Consist of ( sector size / 4 ) MSAT sector values * SAT sector (marked by 0xfffffffc (-4) in the SAT)
Consist of ( sector size / 4 ) SAT sector values * directory sector
Consists of ( sector size / short-sector size ) directory entries * empty sector (marked by 0xffffffff (-1) in the SAT) * other sector (marked by a positive value in the SAT)

an 0xfffffffe (-2) in the SAT marks end of chain

msinfo.exe http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa370310(v=vs.85).aspx

Appendix A: References

Title:	DIG2000 File format proposal – Appendix A
Author(s):	Digital Imaging Group
URL:	http://www.i3a.org/pdf/wg1n1017.pdf
Date:	October 30, 1998

Title:	OpenOffice - Microsoft Compound Document File Format
Author(s):	Daniel Rentz
URL:	http://sc.openoffice.org/compdocfileformat.pdf
Date:	August 30, 2004

Title:	Advanced Authoring Format (AAF) Low-Level Container Specification v1.0.1
Author(s):	AAF Association
URL:	http://sourceforge.net/projects/aaf/
Date:	2004

Title:	Windows Compound Binary File Format Specification
Author(s):	Microsoft
URL:	http://download.microsoft.com/download/0/B/E/0BE8BDD7-E5E8-422A-ABFD-4342ED7AD886/WindowsCompoundBinaryFileFormatSpecification.pdf
Date:	2007

[LIBFOLE]

Title:	Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) definitions
Author(s):	Joachim Metz
Date:	September 2009
URL:	https://github.com/libyal/libfole/blob/master/documentation/OLE%20definitions.asciidoc

[LIBFWPS]

Title:	Windows Property Store format
Author(s):	Joachim Metz
Date:	June 2013
URL:	https://github.com/libyal/libfwps/blob/master/documentation/Windows%20Property%20Store%20format.asciidoc

[MSDN]

Title:	Microsoft Developer Network
URL:	http://msdn.microsoft.com/

Title:	The Summary Information Property Set
URL:	http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa380376(VS.85).aspx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa380376%28v=vs.85%29.aspx

Title:	Summary Information Stream Property Set
URL:	http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa372045.aspx

Title:	SummaryInformation
URL:	http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd942545.aspx

Title:	PIDSI
URL:	http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd925819%28v=office.12%29.aspx

Title:	PIDDSI
URL:	http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd945671%28v=office.12%29.aspx

[MS-OLEPS]

Title:	`[MS-OLEPS]` Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) Property Set Data Structures
URL:	http://msdn.microsoft.com/
Date:	August 12, 2009

[MS-OLEDS]

Title:	`[MS-OLEDS]` Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) Data Structures Structures
URL:	http://msdn.microsoft.com/
Date:	December 18, 2009

Appendix B: GNU Free Documentation License

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This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.

We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.

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State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher.
Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document’s license notice.
Include an unaltered copy of this License.
Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.
Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version.
Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.

If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version’s license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.

You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties—for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.

You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.

The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.

5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS

You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.

The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.

In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History" in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements".

6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.

You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.

7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS

A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the compilation’s users beyond what the individual works permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document.

If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document’s Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.

8. TRANSLATION

Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include the original English version of this License and the original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original version of this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.

If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual title.

9. TERMINATION

You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.

However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.

Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the notice.

Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does not give you any rights to use it.

10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.

Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this License can be used, that proxy’s public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the Document.

11. RELICENSING

"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site.

"CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco, California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license published by that same organization.

"Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or in part, as part of another Document.

An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this License, and if all works that were first published under this License somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.

The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009, provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.

libolecf/documentation/OLE Compound File format.asciidoc