diff --git a/clang/lib/CodeGen/BackendUtil.cpp b/clang/lib/CodeGen/BackendUtil.cpp
index a310825240237..056f790d41853 100644
--- a/clang/lib/CodeGen/BackendUtil.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/CodeGen/BackendUtil.cpp
@@ -186,6 +186,14 @@ class EmitAssemblyHelper {
            TargetTriple.getVendor() != llvm::Triple::Apple;
   }
 
+  /// Check whether we should emit a flag for UnifiedLTO.
+  /// The UnifiedLTO module flag should be set when UnifiedLTO is enabled for
+  /// ThinLTO or Full LTO with module summaries.
+  bool shouldEmitUnifiedLTOModueFlag() const {
+    return CodeGenOpts.UnifiedLTO &&
+           (CodeGenOpts.PrepareForThinLTO || shouldEmitRegularLTOSummary());
+  }
+
 public:
   EmitAssemblyHelper(DiagnosticsEngine &_Diags,
                      const HeaderSearchOptions &HeaderSearchOpts,
@@ -1036,7 +1044,8 @@ void EmitAssemblyHelper::RunOptimizationPipeline(
   if (!actionRequiresCodeGen(Action) && CodeGenOpts.VerifyModule)
     MPM.addPass(VerifierPass());
 
-  if (Action == Backend_EmitBC || Action == Backend_EmitLL) {
+  if (Action == Backend_EmitBC || Action == Backend_EmitLL ||
+      CodeGenOpts.FatLTO) {
     if (CodeGenOpts.PrepareForThinLTO && !CodeGenOpts.DisableLLVMPasses) {
       if (!TheModule->getModuleFlag("EnableSplitLTOUnit"))
         TheModule->addModuleFlag(llvm::Module::Error, "EnableSplitLTOUnit",
@@ -1047,11 +1056,9 @@ void EmitAssemblyHelper::RunOptimizationPipeline(
           if (!ThinLinkOS)
             return;
         }
-        if (CodeGenOpts.UnifiedLTO)
-          TheModule->addModuleFlag(llvm::Module::Error, "UnifiedLTO", uint32_t(1));
         MPM.addPass(ThinLTOBitcodeWriterPass(
             *OS, ThinLinkOS ? &ThinLinkOS->os() : nullptr));
-      } else {
+      } else if (Action == Backend_EmitLL) {
         MPM.addPass(PrintModulePass(*OS, "", CodeGenOpts.EmitLLVMUseLists,
                                     /*EmitLTOSummary=*/true));
       }
@@ -1065,24 +1072,17 @@ void EmitAssemblyHelper::RunOptimizationPipeline(
         if (!TheModule->getModuleFlag("EnableSplitLTOUnit"))
           TheModule->addModuleFlag(llvm::Module::Error, "EnableSplitLTOUnit",
                                    uint32_t(1));
-        if (CodeGenOpts.UnifiedLTO)
-          TheModule->addModuleFlag(llvm::Module::Error, "UnifiedLTO", uint32_t(1));
       }
-      if (Action == Backend_EmitBC)
+      if (Action == Backend_EmitBC) {
         MPM.addPass(BitcodeWriterPass(*OS, CodeGenOpts.EmitLLVMUseLists,
                                       EmitLTOSummary));
-      else
+      } else if (Action == Backend_EmitLL) {
         MPM.addPass(PrintModulePass(*OS, "", CodeGenOpts.EmitLLVMUseLists,
                                     EmitLTOSummary));
+      }
     }
-  }
-  if (CodeGenOpts.FatLTO) {
-    // Set the EnableSplitLTOUnit and UnifiedLTO module flags, since FatLTO
-    // uses a different action than Backend_EmitBC or Backend_EmitLL.
-    if (!TheModule->getModuleFlag("EnableSplitLTOUnit"))
-      TheModule->addModuleFlag(llvm::Module::Error, "EnableSplitLTOUnit",
-                               uint32_t(CodeGenOpts.EnableSplitLTOUnit));
-    if (CodeGenOpts.UnifiedLTO && !TheModule->getModuleFlag("UnifiedLTO"))
+
+    if (shouldEmitUnifiedLTOModueFlag())
       TheModule->addModuleFlag(llvm::Module::Error, "UnifiedLTO", uint32_t(1));
   }
 
diff --git a/clang/test/CodeGen/fat-lto-objects.c b/clang/test/CodeGen/fat-lto-objects.c
index afce798c5c819..b50567c024fc8 100644
--- a/clang/test/CodeGen/fat-lto-objects.c
+++ b/clang/test/CodeGen/fat-lto-objects.c
@@ -11,10 +11,11 @@
 // RUN: llvm-objcopy --dump-section=.llvm.lto=%t.full.split.bc %t.full.split.o
 // RUN: llvm-dis %t.full.split.bc -o - | FileCheck %s --check-prefixes=FULL,SPLIT,NOUNIFIED
 
+/// Full LTO always sets EnableSplitLTOUnit when the summary is used.
 // RUN: %clang -cc1 -triple x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -flto=full -ffat-lto-objects -emit-obj < %s -o %t.full.nosplit.o
 // RUN: llvm-readelf -S %t.full.nosplit.o | FileCheck %s --check-prefixes=ELF
 // RUN: llvm-objcopy --dump-section=.llvm.lto=%t.full.nosplit.bc %t.full.nosplit.o
-// RUN: llvm-dis %t.full.nosplit.bc -o - | FileCheck %s --check-prefixes=FULL,NOSPLIT,NOUNIFIED
+// RUN: llvm-dis %t.full.nosplit.bc -o - | FileCheck %s --check-prefixes=FULL,SPLIT,NOUNIFIED
 
 // RUN: %clang -cc1 -triple x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -flto=thin -fsplit-lto-unit -ffat-lto-objects -emit-obj < %s -o %t.thin.split.o
 // RUN: llvm-readelf -S %t.thin.split.o | FileCheck %s --check-prefixes=ELF
@@ -34,6 +35,21 @@
 // RUN: %clang -cc1 -triple x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -flto=full -ffat-lto-objects -fsplit-lto-unit -S < %s -o - \
 // RUN: | FileCheck %s --check-prefixes=ASM
 
+/// Make sure that FatLTO generates .llvm.lto sections that are the same as the output from normal LTO compilations
+// RUN: %clang -O2 --target=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -fPIE -flto=full -ffat-lto-objects -c %s -o %t.fatlto.full.o
+// RUN: llvm-objcopy --dump-section=.llvm.lto=%t.fatlto.full.bc %t.fatlto.full.o
+// RUN: llvm-dis < %t.fatlto.full.bc -o %t.fatlto.full.ll
+// RUN: %clang -O2 --target=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -fPIE -flto=full -c %s -o %t.nofat.full.bc
+// RUN: llvm-dis < %t.nofat.full.bc -o %t.nofat.full.ll
+// RUN: diff %t.fatlto.full.ll %t.nofat.full.ll
+
+// RUN: %clang -O2 --target=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -fPIE -flto=thin -ffat-lto-objects -c %s -o %t.fatlto.thin.o
+// RUN: llvm-objcopy --dump-section=.llvm.lto=%t.fatlto.thin.bc %t.fatlto.thin.o
+// RUN: llvm-dis < %t.fatlto.thin.bc -o %t.fatlto.thin.ll
+// RUN: %clang -O2 --target=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -fPIE -flto=thin -c %s -o %t.nofat.thin.bc
+// RUN: llvm-dis < %t.nofat.thin.bc -o %t.nofat.thin.ll
+// RUN: diff %t.fatlto.thin.ll %t.nofat.thin.ll
+
 /// Be sure we enable split LTO units correctly under -ffat-lto-objects.
 //   SPLIT: ![[#]] = !{i32 1, !"EnableSplitLTOUnit", i32 1}
 // NOSPLIT: ![[#]] = !{i32 1, !"EnableSplitLTOUnit", i32 0}
@@ -51,6 +67,9 @@
 // ASM-NEXT:        .asciz  "BC
 // ASM-NEXT: .size   .Lllvm.embedded.object
 
+const char* foo = "foo";
+
 int test(void) {
+  const char* bar = "bar";
   return 0xabcd;
 }