diff --git a/mlir/lib/Dialect/MemRef/IR/MemRefOps.cpp b/mlir/lib/Dialect/MemRef/IR/MemRefOps.cpp
index 404b2aacf1450..f31811ad7b98e 100644
--- a/mlir/lib/Dialect/MemRef/IR/MemRefOps.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/Dialect/MemRef/IR/MemRefOps.cpp
@@ -2291,6 +2291,21 @@ struct ReinterpretCastOpConstantFolder
                        [](OpFoldResult ofr) { return isa<Attribute>(ofr); }))
       return failure();
 
+    // Do not fold if the offset is a negative constant; ViewLikeInterface
+    // verifies that static offsets are non-negative.
+    if (auto cst = getConstantIntValue(offsets[0]))
+      if (*cst < 0)
+        return rewriter.notifyMatchFailure(
+            op, "negative constant offset is invalid");
+
+    // Do not fold if any size is a negative constant; MemRefType::get asserts
+    // non-negative static sizes.
+    for (OpFoldResult sizeOfr : sizes)
+      if (auto cst = getConstantIntValue(sizeOfr))
+        if (*cst < 0)
+          return rewriter.notifyMatchFailure(
+              op, "negative constant size is invalid");
+
     auto newReinterpretCast = ReinterpretCastOp::create(
         rewriter, op->getLoc(), op.getSource(), offsets[0], sizes, strides);
 
diff --git a/mlir/test/Dialect/MemRef/canonicalize.mlir b/mlir/test/Dialect/MemRef/canonicalize.mlir
index 92754dc919695..fb1e7d00feb47 100644
--- a/mlir/test/Dialect/MemRef/canonicalize.mlir
+++ b/mlir/test/Dialect/MemRef/canonicalize.mlir
@@ -1287,6 +1287,69 @@ func.func @reinterpret_of_extract_strided_metadata_w_different_offset(%arg0 : me
 
 // -----
 
+// Check that reinterpret_cast with a negative constant size is not folded.
+// Folding would attempt to create a MemRefType with a negative static dimension,
+// which triggers an assertion in MemRefType::get (issue #188407).
+// CHECK-LABEL: func @reinterpret_cast_no_fold_negative_size
+//  CHECK-SAME: (%[[ARG:.*]]: memref<2x3xf32>)
+//       CHECK: %[[C0:.*]] = arith.constant 0 : index
+//       CHECK: %[[C1:.*]] = arith.constant 1 : index
+//       CHECK: %[[SZ:.*]] = arith.constant -1 : index
+//       CHECK: memref.reinterpret_cast %[[ARG]] to offset: [%[[C0]]], sizes: [%[[C1]], %[[SZ]]], strides: [%[[SZ]], %[[C1]]]
+func.func @reinterpret_cast_no_fold_negative_size(%arg0: memref<2x3xf32>) -> memref<?x?xf32, strided<[?, ?], offset: ?>> {
+  %c0 = arith.constant 0 : index
+  %c1 = arith.constant 1 : index
+  %sz = arith.constant -1 : index
+  %output = memref.reinterpret_cast %arg0 to
+            offset: [%c0], sizes: [%c1, %sz], strides: [%sz, %c1]
+            : memref<2x3xf32> to memref<?x?xf32, strided<[?, ?], offset: ?>>
+  return %output : memref<?x?xf32, strided<[?, ?], offset: ?>>
+}
+
+// -----
+
+// Check that reinterpret_cast with a negative constant offset is not folded.
+// Folding would create an op with a static negative offset, which violates the
+// ViewLikeInterface constraint that offsets must be non-negative.
+// CHECK-LABEL: func @reinterpret_cast_no_fold_negative_offset
+//  CHECK-SAME: (%[[ARG:.*]]: memref<2x3xf32>)
+//       CHECK: %[[C1:.*]] = arith.constant 1 : index
+//       CHECK: %[[C2:.*]] = arith.constant 2 : index
+//       CHECK: %[[NEG:.*]] = arith.constant -1 : index
+//       CHECK: memref.reinterpret_cast %[[ARG]] to offset: [%[[NEG]]], sizes: [%[[C1]], %[[C2]]], strides: [%[[C2]], %[[C1]]]
+func.func @reinterpret_cast_no_fold_negative_offset(%arg0: memref<2x3xf32>) -> memref<?x?xf32, strided<[?, ?], offset: ?>> {
+  %c1 = arith.constant 1 : index
+  %c2 = arith.constant 2 : index
+  %neg = arith.constant -1 : index
+  %output = memref.reinterpret_cast %arg0 to
+            offset: [%neg], sizes: [%c1, %c2], strides: [%c2, %c1]
+            : memref<2x3xf32> to memref<?x?xf32, strided<[?, ?], offset: ?>>
+  return %output : memref<?x?xf32, strided<[?, ?], offset: ?>>
+}
+
+// -----
+
+// Check that reinterpret_cast with a negative constant stride IS folded.
+// Negative strides are valid in MemRef layouts (e.g. reverse iteration),
+// and the ViewLikeInterface places no non-negativity constraint on strides.
+// CHECK-LABEL: func @reinterpret_cast_fold_negative_stride
+//  CHECK-SAME: (%[[ARG:.*]]: memref<2x3xf32>)
+//   CHECK-NOT: arith.constant
+//       CHECK: %[[RC:.*]] = memref.reinterpret_cast %[[ARG]] to offset: [0], sizes: [1, 2], strides: [-1, 1]
+//       CHECK: memref.cast %[[RC]]
+func.func @reinterpret_cast_fold_negative_stride(%arg0: memref<2x3xf32>) -> memref<?x?xf32, strided<[?, ?], offset: ?>> {
+  %c0 = arith.constant 0 : index
+  %c1 = arith.constant 1 : index
+  %c2 = arith.constant 2 : index
+  %neg = arith.constant -1 : index
+  %output = memref.reinterpret_cast %arg0 to
+            offset: [%c0], sizes: [%c1, %c2], strides: [%neg, %c1]
+            : memref<2x3xf32> to memref<?x?xf32, strided<[?, ?], offset: ?>>
+  return %output : memref<?x?xf32, strided<[?, ?], offset: ?>>
+}
+
+// -----
+
 func.func @canonicalize_rank_reduced_subview(%arg0 : memref<8x?xf32>,
     %arg1 : index) -> memref<?xf32, strided<[?], offset: ?>> {
   %c0 = arith.constant 0 : index